BV  2520  .G87  1914 
Grose,  Howard  B.  1851-1939, 
The  Judson  centennial,  1814- 
1914 


THE  JUD50N  CENTENNIAL 
1814-1914 


4 


'■?'•— »;p 


ME"^^'  SD-&:sm-'^^i  jvnnoN  jtw^^ijm: 


■.^  /'  //Zr'     C'tTc/?"'' 


,.!»V       ' 


A   REPRODUCTION   OF   THE   DISCOLORED   AND    WORN    PAGE,   OVER   ONE    HUNDRED    YEARS    OLD 


/ 


\    in     r  rj  / 


^ot, 


FEB  21  1952 


THE  JUD50N 
CENTENNIAL 


1814-1914 


Celebrated  in  Boston,  Mass.,  June  24-25,  In  connection  with  the 
Centenary  of  the  American  Baptist  Foreign  Mission  Society 


^       Edited  by 

HOWARD  B.  GROSE,  Editor  of  "Missions" 
and  FRED  P.  HAGGARD,  Home  Secretary 

"  A  liundred  years  sing  praise  to  thee. 
Eternal  God  above. 
And  countless  voices  raise  to  thee 
Their  hymns  of  grateful  love." 


Pubhshed  for  the  American  Baptist  Foreign  Mission  Society 


THE  AMERICAN  BAPTIST  PUBLICATION  SOCIETY 

PHILADELPHIA       BOSTON       CHICAGO       ST.  LOUIS       TORONTO.  CAN. 


Copyright  1914  by 
A.  J.  ROWLAND,  Secretary 


Published  December,  1914 


CONTENTS 


Chapter  Page 

I.  Historical  Introduction   1-21 

One  hundred  years  of  American  Baptist  missions,  3;  the 
Missionary  Union,  4;  significant  achievements,  5;  signifi- 
cant Baptist  contributions  to  the  missionary  task,  7;  out- 
standing names  in  missionary  annals,  9.  Letter  to  Burma. 
10;  points  of  emphasis  in  the  new  century,   19. 

II.  The  Centennial  Celebration  by  the  Northern  Bap- 
tist Convention    23-70 

Opening  session,  25 :  the  Baptist  Student  Volunteers, 
27-36 ;  raising  the  debt,  36.  The  historical  session,  ^ : 
presentation  of  veterans  of  1864,  39;  address  of  Adoniram 

B.  Judson,  45 ;  ovation  to  Edward  Judson,  46.  Missionary 
volunteer  session,  48 :  sending  out  the  missionary  reen- 
forcements,  50;  the  words  of  outgoing  missionaries.  51; 
the  joy  of  sacrificial  service,  54;  three  women  for  Bengal- 
Orissa,  55;  to  win  China  for  Christ,  57;  dedicated  from 
birth,  59 ;  missions  in  the  blood,  62 ;  born  on  mission  fields, 
63 ;  the  speech  that  brought  money  to  send  them  out,  65 ; 
catching  the  vision,  68. 

III.  Centennial  of  the  American  Baptist  Foreign  Mis- 
sion Society  71-142 

The  morning  session,  73 ;  The  Challenge  of  the  Hour,  ad- 
dress of  Pres.  Carter  Helm  Jones,  75  ;  open  parliament,  82 ; 
a  thrilling  announcement,  87 ;   introduction  of  Rev.  Arthur 

C.  Baldwin,  foreign  secretary.  88 ;  brief  addresses  by  mis- 
sionaries :  address  of  Rev.  S.  E.  Moon,  Congo,  90 ;  address 
of  Rev.  G.  H.  Hamlen,  Bengal-Orissa,  95 ;  address  of 
Rev.  J.  M.  Baker,  South  India,  99  Thursday  afternoon 
session,  105:  address  of  Rev.  D.  A.  W.  Smith,  Burma,  106; 
address  of  Rev.  J.  E.  Cummings,  D.  D.,  Burma.  108;  ad- 
dress of  Rev.  David  Gilmore,  Burma,  no;  address  of 
Rev.  C.  L.  Davenport,  Burma,  112;  address  of  Rev.  R.  B. 
Longwell,  Assam,  114;  address  of  Rev.  H.  B.  Benninghofif, 
Japan,  118;  address  of  Rev.  Jacob  Speicher,  China,  123; 
address  of  Rev.  Raphael  C.  Thomas,  M.  D.,  Philippines, 
125;  award  of  Centennial  Prize  Libraries,  128;  presentation 
of  fraternal  delegates,  129;  fraternal  delegates  present,  131; 
closing  prayer  by  Rev.  W.  W.  Kinsman,  133.  The  closing 
session,  134:  a  brief  convention  prelude,  134:  report  of 
Enrolment  C'lmmittee,  135 ;  the  Foreign  Mission  Cen- 
tennial, 136:  closing  prayer  by  Doctor  Hunt,  141;  a  fitting 
celebration,  141. 


Chapter  Page 

IV.  The  Addresses  and  the  Centennial  Sermon   143-244 

Adoniram  Judson,  by  O.  P.  Gifford,  D.  D.,  145 ;  address 
by  Rev.  Edward  Judson,  D.  D.,  152 ;  Baptists  and  the  Future 
of  Foreign  Missions,  by  W.  C.  Bitting,  D.  D.,  158;  The 
Burman  Centennial,  by  Frank  M.  Goodchild,  D.  D.,  181 ; 
One  Hundred  Years  of  Baptist  Missionary  History,  by 
Nathan  E.  Wood,  D.  D.,  188;  Why  We  Should  Enlarge  Our 
Plans,  by  John  R.  Mott,  LL.  D.,  207;  The  Appeal  of  the 
East  to  the  Churches  of  the  West,  by  Rev.  W.  A.  Hill, 
219;  What  is  this  that  God  is  Doing?  by  Pres.  William 
Douglas  Mackenzie,  D.  D.,  LL.  D.,  226 ;  Convention  Sermon, 
Faith  and  History  in  Timeless  Order,  by  Henry  C.  Mabie, 
D.  D.,  234. 

V.  Centennial  Side-lights  245-288 

The  Souvenir  Program,  247.  Report  of  the  Judson  Cen- 
tennial Commission,  257.  Facsimile  of  invitation  sent  by 
the  Foreign  Society  to  Fraternal  Bodies,  262.  Fraternal 
greetings :  from  the  American  Board,  263 ;  from  the  British 
and  Foreign  Bible  Society,  264;  from  the  Presbyterian 
Board,  264;  from  the  Methodist  Episcopal  Foreign  Board, 
266;  from  the  Protestant  Episcopal  Church,  268;  from 
the  Foreign  Department,  International  Committee  Young 
Men's  Christian  Association,  268;  from  the  Student  Volun- 
teer Movement,  269;  from  the  Foreign  Mission  Board  of 
the  Southern  Baptist  Convention,  269 ;  from  the  Ameri- 
can Baptist  Home  Mission  Society,  270;  from  the  Ameri- 
can Baptist  Publication  Society,  271 ;  from  the  Baptist  Mis- 
sion in  Denmark,  272.  Centennial  prayer-meeting,  272. 
Honoring  a  founder,  273.  The  Burma  Centennial  Volume, 
274.  Appeal  of  the  Baptist  Volunteer,  275.  An  Adventure 
of  Faith,  a  drama  of  missionary  progress,  276.  Lecture 
Tour  of  Edward  Judson,  278.  The  Judson  Centennial 
Tours,  278.  Centennial  books,  279.  The  Judson  Centennial 
Medal,  280.  Foreign  Mission  Appointees,  281.  Sailing  in 
1915  or  thereafter,  282.  New  missionaries  sailed,  284. 
The  Foreign  Society's  periodical,  285.  Reduced  page  of  the 
Convention  paper,  "  Ye  Daily  Chronicle,"  287. 

VI.  The  Judson  Centennial  in  Burma  289-296 

VII.  Officers  of  the  Foreign  Mission  Society  and  Some 

Significant  Statistics  297-305 

Some  significant  statistics :  table  of  results  in  non- 
Christian  lands,  299;  table  of  results  in  Burma,  299;  table 
of  results  in  Europe,  300 ;  missionaries  and  native  workers, 
301 ;  baptisms,  301 ;  baptisms  and  self-supporting  churches, 
302.  Officers  of  the  American  Baptist  Foreign  Mission  So- 
ciety, 1814-1914:  presidents,  303;  recording  secretaries,  303; 
chairmen  of  the  Board  of  Managers,  303 ;  recording  secre- 
taries of  the  Board  of  Managers,  304;  corresponding  secre- 
taries of  the  Society,  304;  assistant  corresponding  secre- 
taries, 304 ;  editorial  secretaries,  305 ;  treasurers,  305. 


ILLUSTRATIONS 


PAGE 

iece 


Rev.  Adoniram' Judson,  Jr Frontispi 

Lall  Bazar  Baptist  Chapel,  Calcutta lo 

Burman  Boys'  School  at  Moulmein 20 

Shwe  Dagon  Pagoda,  Rangoon  20 

Northern  Baptist  Convention  in  session,  1Q14  26 

Thomas  Baldtvin,  D.  D ^g 

Outgoing  missionaries    cq 

Early  Leaders  in  the  Triennial  Convention 74 

A  great  President  and  three  notable  Secretaries 104 

Present  Secretaries   j  ^g 

Edivard  Judson,  D.  D j  e2 

American  Judson  Party  at  Rangoon  182 

Judson  CcntenHial  Celebration  at  Rangoon  182 

English  Baptist  Church  at  Moulmein 196 

Franjipani  Tree  planted  by  Judson 106 

Eminent  participants  in  Centennial  Celebration   248 

Facsimile  of  Invitation  Sent  by  the  Foreign  Society  to  Fraternal 
Bodies 262 

Cover  Page  of  First  Number  of  "  The  Massachusetts  Baptist  Mis- 
sionary Magazine "   286 

Reduced  page  of  the  Convention  Paper 287 

Vinton  Memorial  at  Rangoon 292 

Bassein  Sgaw  Karen  Association  292 

Meeting  of  Executive  Board  of  American  Baptist  Foreign  Mis- 
sion Society,  September  16,  iQi/f. 206 


I 

HISTORICAL  INTRODUCTION 


I 

HISTORICAL  INTRODUCTION 


ONE  HUNDRED  YEARS  OF  AMERICAN 
BAPTIST  MISSIONS  1 

ADONIRAM  and  Ann  Judson  landed  in  Rangoon,  July  13,  18 13. 
Nearly  a  year  later,  on  May  21,  1814,  the  General  Missionary 
Convention  was  formed  and,  assuming  the  support  of  the  Jud- 
sons  and  Luther  Rice,  accepted  Burma  as  the  foreign  mission  field 
of  American  Baptists,  the  English  Baptists  having  headquarters  at 
Serampore  near  Calcutta  across  the  Bay  of  Bengal.  Within  the  next 
five  or  six  years  two  other  missionary  enterprises  were  undertaken — 
cooperation  with  American  Negro  Baptists  in  work  on  the  west  coast 
of  Africa  in  the  region  of  Sierra  Leone  and  Liberia,  and  work  among 
the  American  Indians  in  what  is  now  the  middle  West.  Active  par- 
ticipation in  the  work  in  Africa  ceased  about  1840,  while  work  among 
the  Indians  was  continued  until  about  the  time  of  the  opening  of  the 
Civil  War. 

The  first  twenty  years  of  the  work  in  Burma  were  marked  by 
the  laying  of  foundations  slowly  but  surely.  The  intense  opposition 
of  the  Burman  Government  prevented  large  expansion.  By  the  year 
1833,  however,  three  important  centers — Rangoon,  Moulmein,  and  Ta- 
voy,  had  been  occupied,  with  several  outposts  at  Mergui,  Amherst, 
and  in  Arrakan.  The  report  of  that  year  records  twenty-two  mis- 
sionaries and  371  church-members. 

The  period  of  four  or  five  years,  beginning  with  1833,  marked  a 
distinct  era  in  Baptist  foreign  missionary  work.  A  strong  missionary 
interest  prevailed  among  the  churches.  The  Convention  met  at  Rich- 
mond in  1835  with  all  obligations  provided  for  and  a  substantial  bal- 
ance in  the  treasury,  and  enthusiastically  adopted  the  following  resolu- 
tion: 

'  This  review,  which  forms  a  fitting  introduction  to  this  centennial  volume,  is  from 
the  Annual  Report  of  the  American  Baptist  Foreign  Mission  Society  for  1914.  It 
was  written  by  George  B.  Huntington,  Assistant  Secretary,  in  collaboration  with  the 
other  officers. 


The  Judson  Centennial 


Resolved,  That  this  Convention,  feeling  deeply  the  duty  of  the  American 
Baptists  to  engage  in  far  more  enlarged  and  vigorous  efforts  for  the  con- 
version of  the  whole  world,  instruct  the  Board  to  establish  new  missions 
in  every  unoccupied  place  where  there  may  be  a  reasonable  prospect 
of  success;  and  to  employ  in  some  part  of  the  great  field  every  properly 
qualified  missionary  whose  services  the  Board  may  be  able  to  obtain. 

Both  before  and  after  this  significant  action  several  important  for- 
ward steps  were  taken.  Rev.  John  T.  Jones  was  sent  in  1833  to  open 
missionary  work  in  Bangkok,  whence  the  work  for  the  Chinese  ex- 
tended to  Macao  in  1836  and  to  Hongkong  in  1841.  In  December, 
1834,  fifteen  new  missionaries  arrived  to  reenforce  the  work  in  Burma. 
The  mission  among  the  Telugus  in  South  India  was  begun  by  Rev. 
S.  S.  Day  in  1834.  In  1836  Rev.  Nathan  Brown  and  O.  T.  Cutter  of 
the  Burma  mission  made  the  long  journey  to  Sadiya  to  begin  mission- 
ary work  in  Assam.  The  Bengal-Orissa  mission  was  opened  by  the 
American  Free  Baptists  in  1838.  Thus  a  brief  period  of  five  years  saw 
the  extension  of  missionary  work  from  Burma  to  the  other  three 
fields  now  occupied  in  British  India  and  to  China.  Baptist  work  in 
Europe  also  found  its  beginnings  in  this  period.  Rev.  Isaac  Willmarth 
began  missionary  work  in  France  in  1834.  In  the  same  year  J.  G. 
Oncken  and  six  others  were  baptized  near  Hamburg,  thus  beginning 
the  Baptist  work  in  Germany.  In  1838  Julius  Kobner,  of  Denmark, 
was  baptized.  Work  was  begun  in  Hayti  under  the  auspices  of  the 
Convention  in  1834  by  Rev.  W.  C.  Monroe,  but  was  discontinued  on 
his  withdrawal  three  years  later. 

THE  MISSIONARY   UNION 

On  the  withdrawal  of  the  Baptists  of  the  Southern  States  to  form 
their  own  convention  in  1845,  the  American  Baptist  Missionary  Union 
took  the  place  of  the  General  Convention  and  assumed  responsibility 
for  practically  all  of  the  missionary  work  then  established  in  British 
India  and  China.  Only  two  of  all  the  missionaries  in  the  service  of 
the  General  Convention  were  transferred  to  the  Southern  Baptist 
Convention.  These  two  missionaries  were  located  in  China,  and  one 
became  the  founder  of  the  work  in  Canton  and  the  other  in  Shanghai. 
Because  of  the  increased  burdens  thus  thrown  upon  the  churches  of 
the  Northern  States  and  because  the  period  just  preceding  and  during 
the  Civil  War  was  necessarily  a  time  of  diminished  contributions  for 
missions,  it  is  not  surprising  to  find  that  the  energies  of  the  churches 
were  taxed  to  the  utmost  to  provide  for  the  maintenance  of  work 
already  established  without  entering  new   fields.     It   was   not  until 


The  Judson  Centennial 


1872  that  another  distinct  advance  was  made,  and  then  the  call  of 
Japan  so  recently  opened  could  not  be  resisted.  The  earlier  work 
in  Africa  having  been  discontinued,  the  question  frequently  recurred 
at  the  annual  meetings  of  the  Missionary  Union  as  to  whether  the 
Northern  Baptist  churches  should  not  assume  some  responsibility 
for  the  desperately  needy  people  of  Africa.  In  1884  seven  stations 
and  about  twenty  missionaries  were  taken  over  from  the  Livingstone 
Inland  Mission,  an  English  Society  which  had  established  work  in 
the  Congo  Free  State.  The  latest  field  abroad  to  be  entered  was  the 
Philippine  Islands,  where  work  was  begun  in  1900  on  the  Island  of 
Panay,  one  of  the  southern  group,  very  soon  after  the  American 
occupation  of  the  islands.  The  Society  is  therefore  now  conducting 
missionary  work  in  eleven  missions  in  eight  different  countries,  with 
a  total  population  of  from  fifty  to  sixty  millions  estimated  to  be  depend- 
ent upon  the  missionaries  and  their  native  associates  for  a  knowledge 
of  the  gospel.  Seven  hundred  missionaries  are  actively  engaged  in 
the  work,  either  actually  on  the  field  or  at  home  for  needed  furlough. 
Annual  contributions  for  the  support  of  the  work  have  risen  from  a 
little  over  $1,000  in  the  first  year  of  the  Society's  organization  to  con- 
siderably over  one  million  dollars  in  1913.  including  the  receipts  of 
the  Woman's  Foreign  Missionary  Societies. 

The  century  has  been  naturally  one  of  beginnings.  Considering 
that  even  upon  the  conversion  of  Constantine  three  hundred  years 
after  the  coming  of  Christ  the  Roman  Empire  was  far  from  being 
completely  evangelized,  it  is  not  surprising  that  the  work  of  Chris- 
tianizing one  thousand  millions  of  the  non-Christian  lands  has  not  been 
completed  within  the  first  century  of  modern  missionary  effort.  The 
period  has  been  marked,  however,  by  certain  significant  achievements 
in  the  work  of  the  Society  that  are  worthy  of  special  note. 

SIGNIFICANT  ACHIEVEMENTS 

I.  Occupation.  During  these  one  hundred  years  American  Baptists 
have  in  large  measure  staked  out  the  fields  in  which  they  will  under- 
take to  plant  Christianity.  The  work  of  pioneering  on  a  large  scale 
has  been  practically  accomplished.  With  the  exception  of  areas  here 
and  there  in  each  of  the  missions,  the  extensive  occupation  of  the 
fields  in  which  responsibility  has  been  assumed  is  relatively  com- 
plete. In  the  eleven  missions,  127  main  stations  involving  missionary 
residence  have  been  established  or  an  average  of  between  eleven  and 
twelve  stations  for  each  mission,  Burma  and  .South  India  leading  with 


The  Judson  Centennial 


twenty-three  and  twenty-nine  stations  respectively.  In  addition  to 
these  main  stations,  2,975  outstations  are  maintained  which  are  per- 
manently occupied  by  native  preachers  or  teachers  or  are  visited 
regularly  by  missionaries  or  their  associates.  The  total  missionary 
force  of  701,  including  those  at  home  on  furlough,  if  distributed  evenly 
among  the  main  stations,  would  yield  an  average  station  force  of  five 
or  six.  Unfortunately,  however,  many  of  the  stations  are  pitifully 
undermanned  and  some  are  temporarily  without  any  resident  mis- 
sionary. 

2.  Evangelism.  It  has  been  the  genius  of  American  Baptists  to 
emphasize  the  work  of  direct  evangelism  both  at  home  and  on  the 
foreign  field.  Missionaries  have  been  selected  primarily  on  the  basis 
of  their  evangelistic  spirit  and  qualifications.  They  have  given  them- 
selves devotedly  to  this  task,  deeming  no  sacrifice  too  great  if  only 
they  might  personally  proclaim  the  gospel  message  to  a  people  dwell- 
ing in  spiritual  darkness.  The  missionaries  have  gathered  about  them 
a  force  of  native  associates  and  helpers  who  have  been  engaged  very 
largely  in  the  same  type  of  work.  The  total  number  of  native  work- 
ers is  6,106.  Of  these,  2,395  are  reported  to  be  preachers  and  Bible- 
women,  while  many  who  are  listed  as  teachers  also  conduct  regular 
evangelistic  services  in  connection  with  the  village  schools  of  which 
they  have  charge.  Such  emphasis  upon  evangelism  has  not  been 
without  its  fruitage.  A  careful  study  of  reports  for  the  entire  period 
of  one  hundred  years  indicates  that  a  total  of  at  least  308,000  converts 
have  been  baptized  in  connection  with  the  work  of  the  missionaries 
and  their  native  associates  in  non-Christian  lands  alone,  while  the 
present  membership  of  the  churches  in  these  mission  fields  numbers 
over  166,000.  If  the  work  in  Europe  were  added,  the  membership 
would  be  increased  by  nearly  140,000  and  the  total  number  of  baptisms 
would  amount  to  over  585,000.  In  practically  all  of  the  fields  these 
converts  for  the  most  part  have  come  from  the  lower  and  hence 
poorer  and  less  intelligent  classes.  This,  however,  is  not  exceptional 
but  is  characteristic  of  the  work  of  other  societies,  and  indeed  has  been 
characteristic  of  the  progress  of  Christianity  from  the  beginning.  It 
is  a  source  of  gratification  to  note  that  toward  the  close  of  the  cen- 
tury there  are  increasing  indications  that  the  better  classes  are  re- 
sponding more  readily  to  the  presentation  of  the  gospel. 

3.  Educational  Foundations.  Notwithstanding  the  fact  that  the 
primary  emphasis  has  been  upon  direct  evangelism,  missionaries  of 
the  Society  have  always  to  a  greater  or  less  degree  recognized  the 
need   for  a  certain  amount  of  educational   work.     The   evangelizing 


The  Judson  Centennial 


value  of  schools,  especially  for  the  younger  children,  was  in  a  measure 
appreciated  as  well  as  the  necessity  of  providing  consecutive  and 
practical  courses  of  training  for  men  and  women  called  to  evangelistic 
work.  This  was  especially  true  of  the  missionaries  engaged  in  work 
among  the  Karens  in  Burma,  the  first  people  to  respond  in  any  large 
way  to  missionary  effort.  But  educational  work  as  a  part  of  mission- 
ary propaganda  was  distinctly  discouraged  by  the  deputation  sent 
out  by  the  Society  in  1854  to  visit  the  mission  fields,  and  by  their 
direction  mission  schools  in  Burma  and  South  India  were  practically 
discontinued.  Some  of  the  Karen  missionaries,  however,  were  so 
fully  persuaded  of  the  necessity  of  such  schools  that  they  withdrew 
from  the  mission  for  a  time  and  maintained  their  work  independently. 
It  is  interesting  to  note  that  the  American  Board  passed  through  a 
similar  experience  about  the  same  time,  but  the  reaction  in  favor  of 
educational  work  came  much  earlier  and  a  definite  educational  policy 
was  adopted  which  is  now  yielding  large  results.  In  the  Baptist 
missions  education,  except  the  specific  training  of  native  workers, 
continued  to  be  regarded  with  disfavor  until  a  comparatively  recent 
date.  Nevertheless  much  has  been  done  in  all  the  fields  in  the  way 
of  laying  educational  foundations,  and  the  last  few  years  particularly 
have  seen  genuine  and  encouraging  progress  in  the  development  of 
secondary  schools,  and  even  college  work  of  a  fairly  high  grade  is 
conducted  in  the  institutions  at  Rangoon  and  Shanghai.  The  large 
Christian  community  that  has  been  gathered,  especially  in  the  older 
fields,  as  a  result  of  the  evangelistic  policy,  will  furnish  a  constituency 
and  should  make  possible  a  strong  and  rapid  development  along 
educational  lines. 

SIGNIFICANT    BAPTIST    CONTRIBUTIONS   TO   THE    MISSIONARY   TASK 

I.  Faithful  translation  and  circulation  of  the  Scriptures  in  the 
language  of  the  people.  This  has  from  the  beginning  been  regarded 
as  of  fundamental  importance  in  the  missionary  work.  Judson,  a 
true  pioneer  in  this  respect  as  in  others,  has  been  followed  by  many 
missionaries  peculiarly  gifted  for  the  task  of  translation.  The  entire 
Bible  has  been  rendered  into  three  of  the  languages  of  Burma,  and 
the  New  Testament  or  portions  into  several  more.  A  complete 
version  has  been  made  in  the  Assamese,  and  portions  of  the  New 
Testament  have  been  translated  into  the  languages  of  several  of  the 
hill  peoples  of  Assam.  A  translation  into  Telugu  made  by  the 
missionaries  was  long  used,  and  now  Baptist  scholarship  is  making 


The  Judson  Centennial 


itself  felt  in  the  improvement  of  the  accuracy  and  style  of  the  Union 
Telugu  version  of  the  Scriptures  which  the  mission  is  using  to-day. 
The  same  is  true  of  Japan.  One  of  the  first  and  best  translations 
of  the  New  Testament  into  Japanese  was  made  by  Nathan  Brown. 
Doctor  Harrington,  one  of  the  missionaries,  is  now  giving  his  entire 
time  to  service  on  a  joint  committee  for  the  revision  of  the  Japanese 
Bible.  Translations  of  the  entire  Scriptures  or  of  parts  have  also 
been  made  into  two  or  three  dialects  in  China,  notably  in  the  Swatow 
and  Ningpo  districts.  Some  translation  has  also  been  done  in  the 
languages  of  the  Congo.  In  the  Philippine  Islands,  Mr,  Lund  has 
translated  the  entire  Bible  into  Panayan,  the  language  used  by  the 
mission,  and  has  also  made  translations  of  the  New  Testament  into 
Cebuyan  and  Samarenyo  which  are  used  by  missionaries  of  other 
societies. 

2.  The  establishment  of  independent  local  churches.  From  the 
beginning  Baptist  missionaries  have  been  loyal  to  the  denominational 
principle  of  the  existence  and  freedom  of  the  local  church.  A  sig- 
nificant practical  result  of  this  policy  as  distinguished  from  that  of 
some  other  missions  has  been  that  the  native  Baptist  churches  have 
not  been  brought  into  organic  relation  with  any  foreign  ecclesiastical 
body.  The  Society  has  stood  in  the  relationship  of  helper  and  sup- 
porter. The  missionary  has  been  a  friend  and  counselor.  All  mat- 
ters of  organization  and  discipline  are  committed  to  the  church.  It  is 
true  that  individual  missionaries  may  have  exercised  their  advisory 
function  rather  vigorously,  yet  there  has  been  a  universal  recognition 
of  the  rights  of  initiative  and  independence  on  the  part  of  the  local 
church  that  cannot  fail  to  commend  itself  to  peoples  whose  national- 
istic spirit  is  developing  so  rapidly  and  strongly.  There  are  to-day  in 
connection  with  the  missions  of  the  Society  in  non-Christian  lands 
1,575  organized  churches,  of  which  908  are  self-supporting.  The  exist- 
ence and  the  vigor  of  these  churches  are  full  of  significance  for  the 
naturalization  and  extension  of  Christianity. 

3.  The  early  acceptance  of  the  principle  of  mass  movements  toward 
Christianity.  The  reception  of  large  numbers  of  Telugu  converts  of 
the  lower  classes  by  Dr.  J.  E.  Clough  and  his  associates  in  the  Telugu 
mission  a  generation  ago  was  regarded  by  many  as  of  extremely 
doubtful  wisdom.  The  results  have  fully  justified  the  course  then 
taken,  for  while  these  converts  have  not  reached  as  full  a  develop- 
ment in  Christian  life  as  might  be  wished,  they  have,  on  the  whole, 
remained  true  to  the  faith  and  are  making  steady  and  encouraging 
progress  along  the  lines  of  self-support  and  self-propagation.    Recent 

8 


The  Judson  Centennial 


years  have  witnessed  similar  movements  in  northern  India  and  else- 
where, and  the  representatives  of  other  large  societies  are  to-day  fol- 
lowing much  the  same  course  first  pursued  by  the  Telugu  mission. 
It  is  even  argued  that  because  of  the  system  of  caste  the  acceptance 
of  the  mass  movement  is  the  only  way  by  which  India  can  speedily 
be  won  to  the  Christian  faith. 

OUTSTANDING    NAMES    IN    MISSIONARY    ANNALS 

It  would  be  impossible  to  attempt  an  enumeration  of  the  missionary 
names  that  have  been  loved  and  honored  in  Baptist  churches  during 
the  past  century.  Space  permits  the  mention  of  but  a  few  represent- 
ing typical  forms  of  service  in  the  different  fields.  Too  high  honor 
can  hardly  be  paid  to  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Judson,  but  it  must  not  be  for- 
gotten that  the  intense  activity  and  contagious  enthusiasm  of  Luther 
Rice  were  the  means  of  stimulating  the  scattered  Baptist  churches  of 
a  century  ago  to  accept  their  missionary  responsibility.  The  record 
of  the  work  in  Burma  is  replete  with  the  names  of  missionary  heroes 
and  martyrs  like  Boardman  and  Coleman,  who  counted  not  their  lives 
dear  unto  them ;  of  missionary  statesmen  like  Mason,  Abbott,  Beecher, 
Carpenter,  Brayton,  and  Vinton,  who  led  the  Karens  so  wisely  along 
the  paths  leading  to  intelligent  self-reliance,  financial  independence, 
and  aggressive  propagation  of  the  Christian  faith ;  of  missionary 
educators  like  E.  A.  Stevens,  J.  G.  Binney,  and  J.  N.  Cushing,  who 
helped  to  lay  the  foundations  of  educational  institutions  which  to-day 
are  strongly  anchored  in  the  life  of  the  Christian  community;  of  a 
long  line  of  Christian  physicians  beginning  with  Jonathan  Price,  and 
missionary  printers  like  Hough  and  Bennett.  In  Assam  one  thinks 
at  once  of  Brown,  Bronson,  and  Clark,  pioneers  in  difficult  and  often 
dangerous  fields.  The  names  of  Day,  Jewett,  and  Clough  will  ever  be 
associated  with  the  beginnings  and  the  early  development  of  the 
South  India  mission.  The  mission  in  Bengal  owes  its  success  largely 
to  the  foundations  wisely  laid  by  Amos  Sutton,  Jeremiah  Phillips, 
Eli  Noyes,  and  Otis  R.  Bacheler.  The  life  and  service  of  William 
Dean,  William  Ashmore,  Josiah  Goddard,  and  J.  S.  Adams  are  built 
deeply  and  strongly  into  the  foundations  of  the  work  in  China.  With 
the  beginnings  of  work  in  Japan  will  always  be  associated  the  names 
of  Nathan  Bro^m,  A.  A.  Bennett,  and  H.  H.  Rhees.  A  number  of 
the  pioneers  in  the  Congo  are  still  in  active  service — men  like  Rich- 
ards, Fredrickson,  Sims,  Billington,  and  Clark.  The  work  in  the 
Philippines   is  of  so   recent   origin   that   it  has  not  yet   had  time   to 


The  Judson  Centennial 


develop  such  outstanding  leaders,  but  mention  must  be  made  of  Eric 
Lund,  the  founder  of  the  mission. 


II 

LETTER  TO  BURMA 

A  somewhat  fuller  review  of  the  development  of  the  work  in 
Burma  has  been  given  in  the  formal  letter  of  greeting  addressed  by 
the  Board  to  the  missionaries,  native  Christians,  and  friends  gathered 
at  the  Judson  Centennial  celebration  in  Rangoon  last  December.  The 
letter  of  the  Board  is  reproduced  herewith. 

Boston,  October  27,  1913. 

To  the  Friends  Gathered  at  the  Judson  Centennial  Celebration  in  Ran- 
goon, to  the  Missionary  Company  in  Burma,  and  to  the  Churches 
among  the  Burmans,  Karens,  Kachins,  Shans,  Chins,  Talains,  and 
other  Peoples  of  Burma,  the  Board  of  Managers  of  the  American 
Baptist  Foreign  Mission  Society  extend  hearty  and  fraternal 
greetings: 

We  join  with  you  in  gratitude  to  God  for  the  signal  manifestations 
of  Providence  which  summoned  American  Baptists  to  united  mission- 
ary service  a  century  ago,  and  which  have  conspicuously  marked  the 
period  whose  close  we  are  now  celebrating.  While  regretting  that 
circumstances  do  not  seem  to  make  it  expedient  for  any  members  of 
the  Board  or  any  of  the  present  executive  officers  of  the  Society  to  be 
present  at  the  celebration,  we  rejoice  that  there  are  a  number  of 
friends  from  America  who  have  the  interest  and  the  leisure  to  visit 
Burma  at  this  time  and  to  participate  with  you  in  the  centennial 
services.  It  is  a  source  of  peculiar  satisfaction  that  we  may  have  so 
admirable  an  official  representative  as  Rev.  Henry  C.  Mabie,  D.  D., 
whose  many  years  of  valued  service  as  Home  Secretary  of  the  Society, 
whose  acquaintance  with  the  members  of  the  missionary  body  and 
whose  long  study  of  and  familiarity  with  the  history  and  principles 
of  missionary  work  fit  him  in  a  peculiar  way  for  the  service  which  he 
has  been  asked  to  render.  It  is  our  earnest  prayer  that  the  blessing 
of  God  may  rest  in  an  especial  manner  upon  the  service  connected 
with  your  celebration  and  that  the  exceedingly  interesting  program 

ID 


LALL    BAZAR    BAPTIST    CHAPEL,     CALCUTTA 

First    Baptist   meeting-house  erected   in   India    (about    1806),   by   the   church   organized 
by    Carey,    Marshman,   and   Ward. 


INTERIOR,   SHOWING   ORIGINAL  BAPTISTERY   IN    WHICH    MR.   AND    MKS.    J  UliSoN 

WERE   BAPTIZED 


The  Judson  Centennial 


that  has  been  outhned  may  be  carried  through  to  the  inspiration  and 
upHft  of  all  who  may  be  privileged  to  attend.  We  envy  you  the 
opportunity  you  will  enjoy  in  hearing  from  several  still  active  mem- 
bers of  the  missionary  force,  in  whose  memory  are  treasured  experi- 
ences of  personal  acquaintance  with  the  founder  of  the  mission,  of 
the  impressions  made  upon  them  by  the  personality  of  him  for  whom 
this  centennial  observance  is  named. 

It  is  most  fitting  that  this  celebration  should  center  about  the  name 
of  Judson,  and  that  these  commemorative  exercises  should  be  held  in 
Burma,  the  country  of  his  missionary  labors,  and  particularly  in 
Rangoon,  the  city  to  which  he  and  his  heroic  wife  came  with  such 
mingled  feelings  of  fear  and  hope  in  the  summer  of  1813.  Yet  the 
celebration  at  once  takes  on  a  broader  aspect.  Adoniram  and  Ann 
Hasseltine  Judson  were  the  forerunners  and  types  of  the  great  com- 
pany of  courageous  and  consecrated  men  and  women  in  whose  spirits 
the  missionary  passion  has  burned  and  who  have  counted  it  their 
highest  joy  to  give  themselves  as  the  representatives  of  the  Baptist 
churches  of  America  to  the  task  of  proclaiming  the  gospel  of  the 
kingdom  of  God  not  only  in  Burma  but  in  South  India,  Bengal, 
Assam,  China,  Japan,  Africa,  and  the  Philippine  Islands.  To  their 
memory  also  we  do  honor  at  this  time.  Nor  does  the  influence  of 
these  pioneers,  whose  coming  to  Burma  you  are  now  commemorating, 
end  in  the  foreign  mission  enterprise.  Every  phase  of  our  denom- 
inational activity,  our  very  denominational  life  and  unity  themselves, 
owe  to  Judson  and  his  associates  a  debt  the  magnitude  of  which  it  is 
impossible  to  compute.  It  is  not  too  much  to  say  that  the  remark- 
able growth  of  our  denomination  numerically  and  in  social,  moral, 
and  religious  influence  is  traceable  directly  and  in  very  large  degree 
to  the  general  and  enthusiastic  acceptance  of  the  missionary  responsi- 
bility as  presented  in  the  appeal  of  Judson  for  support.  The  organ- 
ization and  development  of  all  of  our  great  missionary  societies,  home 
and  foreign,  and  of  the  Northern  and  Southern  Baptist  Conventions 
have  been  made  possible  by  the  spirit  of  cooperation  which  sprang  up 
spontaneously  in  response  to  the  challenge  of  Judson  and  Rice.  This 
phase  of  their  service  will  be  more  appropriately  recognized  in  con- 
nection with  the  meeting  of  the  Northern  Baptist  Convention  next 
June,  which  will  be  the  one  hundredth  anniversary  of  the  formation  of 
the  first  general  organization  of  Baptists  in  America  for  any  purpose, 
namely,  the  General  Missionary  Convention  of  the  Baptist  Denom- 
ination in  the  United  States  of  America  for  Foreign  Missions.  But 
the  significance  of  this  celebration  extends  even  beyond  the  limits  of 


The  Judson  Centennial 


our  own  denomination.  Baptists  cannot  lay  exclusive  claim  to  the 
forces  set  in  operation  by  Adoniram  Judson  and  others  comprising 
the  little  groups  of  students  at  Williams  and  Andover.  Not  only  the 
Congregationalists  and  Baptists,  but  the  whole  Christian  church  in  the 
United  States  owes  to  them  the  quickening  of  its  missionary  conscience. 
It  is  fitting,  therefore,  that  representatives  of  other  denominational 
bodies  as  well  as  delegates  from  the  other  missions  of  our  own  Society 
should  unite  with  you  in  Burma  in  this  commemoration.  We  cannot 
fail  to  see  in  such  an  event  a  fine  illustration  of  the  fundamental  one- 
ness of  the  missionary  enterprise  in  its  purpose  and  spirit  as  well  as 
in  its  divine  leader. 

There  is  abundant  material  for  the  deepening  of  our  faith  in  the 
providential  leading  of  God  and  the  ultimate  triumph  of  his  purpose 
when  we  attempt  to  reproduce  in  thought  the  atmosphere  out  of  which 
Adoniram  Judson  and  his  wife  went  forth  on  their  missionary  errand 
and  the  conditions  into  which  they  plunged  on  reaching  the  land  that 
was  to  be  the  scene  of  their  missionary  life  and  labors.  Only  twenty 
years  had  elapsed  since  the  beginning  of  the  modern  missionary  era, 
through  the  influence  of  William  Carey  in  England.  The  English 
Baptist  Missionary  Society  and  the  London  Missionary  Society, 
representing  the  English  Congregationalists,  had  been  organized 
chiefly  for  work  in  portions  of  India  under  British  control.  Mission- 
ary interest  was  but  slowly  touching  the  life  of  the  American 
churches.  A  few  Congregational  churches  contributed  support  to  the 
London  Missionary  Society,  with  which  the  American  Board  at  first 
endeavored  to  effect  some  plan  of  cooperation  for  the  support  and 
conduct  of  the  work  of  Judson,  Nott,  and  their  associates.  Scattered 
Baptist  bodies  had  sent  funds  in  small  amounts  to  the  English  Baptist 
Missionary  Society  for  the  work  inaugurated  by  Carey  at  Serampore, 
such  gifts  amounting  in  one  year  to  as  much  as  $6,000.  But  this 
interest  was  sporadic  and  far  from  affecting  the  churches  or  church- 
members  as  a  whole  in  either  denomination.  It  was  an  act  of  supreme 
faith  on  the  part  of  the  American  Board  of  Commissioners  for 
Foreign  Missions  to  take  the  action  which  they  did  in  181 1  after  the 
return  of  Judson  from  conference  with  the  London  Missionary  So- 
ciety, in  declaring  "  that  this  Board  will  retain  under  their  care  the 
young  gentlemen  who  last  year  devoted  themselves  to  the  service  of 
God  for  life  as  missionaries  in  foreign  parts."  It  required,  if  possible, 
even  greater  faith  when  Adoniram  Judson  wrote  from  Calcutta  to 
Doctor  Bolles  of  Salem,  after  the  change  of  conviction  with  regard  to 
baptism  which  had  made  it  necessary  for  him  to  withdraw  from  the 

12 


The  Judson  Centennial 


service  of  the  American  Board :  "  Alone  in  this  foreign  heathen  land, 
I  make  my  appeal  to  those  whom,  with  their  permission,  I  will  call 
my  Baptist  brethren  in  the  United  States."  Both  Mrs.  Judson,  and 
later  her  husband,  on  the  occasions  of  their  first  return  to  America 
expressed  profound  gratification  because  of  the  marked  increase  in 
missionary  interest  which  they  found  among  the  churches  as  com- 
pared with  the  conditions  prevailing  at  the  time  of  their  departure 
in  1812. 

The  Baptists,  to  whom  Judson  addressed  his  appeal,  while  found  in 
considerable  numbers  throughout  the  country,  were  financially  weak 
and  without  the  social  standing  which  other  religious  bodies  enjoyed 
because  of  the  prominent  part  taken  by  them  in  the  colonization  and 
political  development  of  certain  sections.  They  boasted  but  few  large 
or  prosperous  churches.  In  a  total  number  of  2,417  churches,  the 
average  membership  was  less  than  seventy-five.  The  very  organ- 
ization of  the  churches,  as  well  as  the  fact  that  they  were  so  widely 
scattered,  militated  against  intercommunication  and  united  effort.  It 
was  to  such  a  body  that  Adoniram  Judson  and  his  wife  and  Luther 
Rice  turned  for  support  in  the  enterprise  upon  which  they  had 
embarked. 

The  conditions  which  the  Judsons  faced  on  the  field  were  certainly 
not  more  promising.  Driven  providentially  to  Burma  in  their  effort 
to  avoid  enforced  deportation  to  England  at  the  hands  of  the  British 
East  India  Company,  they  entered  a  land  governed  by  a  cruel  and 
despotic  Indian  king  whose  arbitrary  will  was  absolute,  and  from 
whose  displeasure  no  life  was  safe.  Unlike  Carey  and  his  associates 
at  Serampore,  and  the  German  missionaries,  Schwartz  and  Ziegen- 
balg,  in  southern  India,  the  Judsons  began  their  missionary  labors  in 
a  country  practically  untouched  by  the  influences  of  civilization  and 
placed  themselves  beyond  the  protection  of  even  a  nominally  Chris- 
tian government.  The  physical  and  spiritual  atmosphere,  which  was 
to  be  the  constant  environment  of  their  daily  life,  was  such  as  to  cast 
a  gloom  over  even  their  courageous  spirits.  Of  the  impression  made 
upon  them  as  they  landed  in  Rangoon,  Mr.  Judson  wrote :  "  We  had 
never  before  seen  a  place  where  European  influence  did  not  contribute 
to  smooth  and  soften  the  rough  features  of  uncultivated  nature.  The 
prospect  of  Rangoon,  as  we  approached,  was  quite  disheartening.  I 
went  on  shore  just  at  night  to  take  a  view  of  the  place  and  the  mission- 
house,  but  so  dark  and  cheerless  and  unpromising  did  all  things  appear 
that  the  evening  of  that  day  after  my  return  to  the  ship  we  have 
marked  as  the  most  gloomy  and  distressing  that  we  ever  passed." 


13 


The  Judson  Centennial 


After  nearly  a  year  of  residence,  Mrs.  Judson  wrote  to  Samuel 
Newell :  "  We  have  found  the  country,  as  we  expected,  in  a  most  de- 
plorable state,  full  of  darkness,  idolatry,  and  cruelty — full  of  com- 
motion and  uncertainty.  We  daily  feel  that  the  existence  and  per- 
petuity of  this  mission,  still  in  an  infant  state,  depends  in  a  peculiar 
way  on  the  interposing  hand  of  Providence,  and  from  this  impression 
alone  we  are  encouraged  still  to  remain."  It  is  not  surprising,  in 
view  of  these  conditions  and  in  the  light  of  what  we  know  of  her  own 
indomitable  spirit,  that  we  find  Mrs.  Judson  writing  a  few  months 
later :  "  God  grant  that  we  may  live  and  die  among  the  Burmans, 
though  we  should  never  do  anything  more  than  smooth  the  way  for 
others."  We  do  well  to  remember  that  it  was  not  long  after  entering 
upon  his  work  in  such  conditions  as  these  and  before  the  first  ray 
of  light  had  come  into  the  darkness  that  Judson  wrote  to  Luther 
Rice:  "If  they  ask  what  prospect  of  ultimate  success  there  is,  tell 
them  as  much  as  that  there  is  an  almighty  and  faithful  God  who  will 
perform  his  promises." 

It  is  manifestly  impossible  to  review  even  briefly  the  missionary 
life  and  accomplishments  of  Doctor  Judson  during  the  nearly  forty 
years  of  his  service  in  Burma.  It  is  fitting,  however,  that  we  give  due 
recognition  to  the  steadfastness  of  purpose,  the  keenness  of  intellect, 
the  complete  consecration,  the  sublime  faith,  and  the  absolute  de- 
pendence upon  God  which  enabled  Adonirani  Judson  in  the  divine 
providence  to  lay  foundations  which  have  stood  the  test  of  time  and 
upon  which  has  been  erected  a  superstructure  of  outstanding  sig- 
nificance in  the  history  of  missionary  endeavor.  Not  least  important 
in  the  work  of  Judson  is  the  service  rendered  to  all  later  missionaries 
and  to  the  Burmese  people  themselves  through  his  remarkable  mastery 
of  the  Burmese  language,  attained  in  the  face  of  extraordinary  diffi- 
culties and  with  almost  no  assistance  save  that  which  he  himself  could 
derive  from  Burmese  scholars.  Two  great  monuments  of  the  thorough- 
ness of  his  knowledge  and  the  intensity  of  his  application  remain  in 
the  Burman  Bible  and  the  Burmese  dictionary,  both  in  constant  use 
to-day  with  relatively  slight  revision.  We  as  a  denomination  and  as 
a  missionary  society  owe  much  also  to  Judson's  conception  and  state- 
ment of  the  aim  to  be  sought  in  the  missionary  enterprise.  Francis 
Wayland  says  of  the  object  which  Judson  always  kept  steadily  in 
view :  "  It  was  not  to  teach  men  a  creed  or  to  train  them  to  the  per- 
formance of  certain  rites  or  to  persuade  them  to  belong  to  a  particular 
church,  but  first  of  all  to  produce  in  them  a  radical  and  universal 
change  of  moral  character,  to  lead  them  to  repent  all  and  forsake  all 


14 


The  Judson  Centennial 


sin,  to  love  God  with  an  affection  that  should  transcend  in  power 
every  other  motive  and  to  rely  for  salvation  wholly  on  the  merits  of 
that  atonement  which  has  been  made  for  man  by  our  Lord  and  Sa- 
viour Jesus  Christ."  This  object  and  the  means  for  securing  it  are 
well  set  forth  in  one  of  the  "  articles  of  agreement  "  drawn  up  and 
submitted  to  the  Board  at  home  by  Judson  and  his  first  missionary 
associate,  George  H.  Hough :  "  We  agree  in  the  opinion  that  our  sole 
object  on  earth  is  to  introduce  the  religion  of  Jesus  Christ  into  the 
empire  of  Burma  and  that  the  means  by  which  we  hope  to  effect  this 
are  translating,  printing,  and  distributing  the  holy  Scriptures,  preach- 
ing the  gospel,  circulating  religious  tracts,  and  promoting  the  instruc- 
tion of  native  children."  To  Judson  we  also  owe  one  of  the  finest 
statements  of  the  qualifications  for  missionary  service  dating  from 
this  early  period  of  his  work.  He  wrote  to  Luther  Rice:  "Humble, 
quiet,  persevering  men,  men  of  sound  and  sterling  talents  (though 
perhaps  not  brilliant),  of  decent  accomplishments  and  some  natural 
aptitude  to  acquire  a  language,  men  of  an  amiable,  yielding  temper, 
willing  to  take  the  lowest  place,  to  be  the  least  of  all  and  the  servants 
of  all,  men  who  enjoy  much  closet  religion,  leave  all  things  to  God, 
and  are  willing  to  suffer  all  things  for  Christ's  sake,  without  being 
proud  of  it — these  are  the  men,"  etc.  And  he  adds :  "  But,  oh,  how 
unlike  to  this  description  is  the  writer  of  it." 

Judson  was  primarily  a  missionary  to  the  Burmans,  and  for  that 
race  chiefly  his  direct  personal  work  was  done,  yet  by  his  sympathy 
and  influence  he  belongs  to  all  Burma,  and  not  to  any  single  race  or 
tribe.  He  himself  in  1828  baptized  the  first  convert  from  the  Talains. 
Early  in  his  missionary  work  he  became  deeply  interested  in  the 
Karen  people  and  made  frequent  missionary  journeys  into  the  jungles 
where  they  found  their  homes.  He  secured  the  release  from  slavery 
of  Ko  Thah  Byu,  the  Karen  apostle,  and  urged  the  sending  of  mis- 
sionaries for  work  especially  among  that  people,  whose  remarkable 
turning  to  Christianity  is  unique  in  missionary  annals.  When  in  later 
years  the  work  was  extended  so  as  to  include  all  of  the  other  leading 
races  of  Burma,  the  Shans,  Kachins,  Chins,  Talains,  and  more 
recently  the  Lahus,  Was,  and  other  hill  peoples  of  the  far  northeast, 
American  Baptists  were  but  entering  into  the  heritage  prepared  for 
them  by  Judson  and  his  early  associates  in  the  founding  of  the  mis- 
sion. Testimony  must  be  borne  to  the  wisdom  and  missionary  states- 
manship of  those  whose  clear  vision  of  the  task  and  its  needs  led 
them  to  plant  such  institutions  as  the  mission  press,  which  under 
Cutter  and   Bennett  took  up   a   work  begun  by   Hough   in   the  very 


15 


The  Judson  Centennial 


earliest  period  of  the  mission's  life;  the  theological  seminary  for 
Burmans  and  other  races  speaking  the  Burmese  language  founded  by 
Edward  A.  Stevens  in  1838 ;  the  Karen  Theological  Seminary  founded 
by  J.  G.  Binney  in  1846;  and  the  Rangoon  Baptist  College,  which  also 
owes  its  inception  to  Doctor  Binney;  but  more  than  all  else  those 
institutions  which  have  become  so  deeply  rooted  in  the  life  of  the 
Christian  community  and  which  have  within  them  the  forces  which 
will  transform  and  ennoble  that  community,  the  Christian  church  and 
the  village  school.  We  covet  for  the  higher  institutions  of  learning 
the  same  strong  support  on  the  part  of  the  Christian  community  and 
are  deeply  gratified  with  the  evidences  that  these  institutions,  also, 
are  being  more  and  more  recognized  by  the  people  as  their  own  and 
as  essential  to  their  truest  progress. 

But  in  Judson's  conception  the  scope  of  the  missionary  task  tran- 
scended Burma  with  its  many  races.  We  find  him  as  early  as  1817 
writing  to  the  Corresponding  Secretary  in  Boston  in  behalf  of  the  ex- 
tension of  missionary  work  to  Assam,  China,  and  Japan.  And  in- 
deed a  people  ranking  second  in  number  among  evangelical  denomi- 
nations in  this  country  to-day  cannot  discharge  its  full  missionary 
responsibility  while  limiting  its  labors  to  a  single  country  with  ten 
or  twelve  millions  of  people.  Other  claims  have  pressed  for  recog- 
nition. Other  providences  have  led  the  way  first  into  Assam,  then 
into  Telugu  land,  into  Swatow  and  Ningpo,  and  far  up  the  Yangtse 
River  into  West  China,  into  Japan,  into  the  Congo  Valley,  and  last 
of  all,  into  the  Philippine  Islands.  To  these  successive  calls  the 
Baptists  of  the  North  have  responded  until  now  the  very  length  of 
our  "  far-flung  battle-line "  is  almost  a  weakness  because  of  the 
difficulty  of  making  its  impact  strong  and  telling  at  every  point. 

Surely  there  is  great  reason  for  encouragement  and  hope  in  the 
progress  of  these  hundred  years.  Work  begun  for  a  single  race  now 
touches  nearly  a  score  in  Burma  alone.  Judson  spent  a  lifetime  in 
the  mastery  of  a  single  language.  His  successors  have  translated  the 
Scriptures  or  portions  of  them  into  all  the  leading  tongues  of  Burma. 
Then,  a  slender  foothold  in  the  port  city  was  secured  with  difficulty. 
Now,  the  entire  land  is  dotted  with  mission  stations  reaching  to  the 
very  borders  of  China  on  the  north  and  northeast  and  of  Assam  on 
the  northwest.  Then,  missionaries  were  in  peril  of  their  lives  at  the 
hands  of  arbitrary  and  cruel  Burman  princes,  who  refused  absolutely 
to  grant  religious  liberty  to  their  subjects.  Now,  they  are  under  the 
protection  of  a  stable  government  and  are  recognized  by  the  people  as 
their  friends  and  benefactors,  and  there  is  perfect  freedom  for  the 

16 


The  Judson  Centennial 


teaching  and  preaching  of  Christianity.  Some  very  suggestive  com- 
parisons concerning  the  v^'ork  in  Burma  are  made  by  one  who  has 
been  giving  considerable  study  to  the  development  of  our  work  during 
the  past  century.  As  a  point  of  comparison  the  year  1854  has  been 
chosen,  a  date  which  marks  the  completion  of  forty  years  from  the 
organization  of  the  Society  and  corresponds  nearly  with  the  close  of 
Doctor  Judson's  service.  The  number  of  missionaries  had  grown 
from  four  at  the  beginning  of  the  work  to  sixty-two  in  1854  and  to 
194  in  1913.  Native  workers  who  numbered  145  in  1854  have  now 
reached  a  total  of  2,126.  Organized  churches,  of  which  there  were 
none  at  the  beginning  and  only  117  in  1854,  now  number  916,  seventy- 
eight  per  cent,  or  717,  being  self-supporting.  The  number  of  church- 
members,  amounting  to  8,736  in  1854,  now  exceeds  65,000.  The  fifty- 
five  schools  reported  in  1854  have  increased  to  708,  and  the  number  of 
pupils  has  multiplied  from  1,728  to  26,235.  Native  contributions,  of 
which  no  record  was  published  in  1854,  now  amount  to  $93,884  in  a 
single  year,  while  appropriations  for  the  work  of  the  mission  have 
grown  from  $43,780  in  1854  to  $249,962  in  1913.  These  figures  are 
for  Burma  alone.  Statistics  for  the  entire  work  are  no  less  encour- 
aging. It  is  worthy  of  special  note  that  the  total  membership  reported 
in  churches  connected  with  the  missions  of  this  Society  alone,  num- 
bering 159,920  according  to  the  report  of  1913,  is  only  about  20,000 
less  than  the  total  membership  of  Baptist  churches  in  the  United 
States  at  the  time  when  Judson  began  his  work  in  Burma.  Surely, 
in  these  facts  there  is  abundant  reason  to  bow  in  gratitude  to  God 
that  he  has  so  richly  blessed  the  faith  and  sacrifice  of  those  through 
whose  gifts  of  life  and  prayer  and  money  these  results  have  been 
achieved. 

It  is  not  our  purpose  on  this  occasion  to  engage  in  an  extended 
discussion  of  mission  policies.  Two  problems  there  are,  however,  to 
which  the  Board  have  given  and  are  giving  most  earnest  study,  which 
they  feel  constrained  to  lay  upon  your  hearts  also,  for  their  solution 
can  be  found  only  through  the  united  thought  and  practical  endeavor 
of  all  whom  the  problems  touch.  These  problems  are  first,  that  of  a 
shifting  of  emphasis  from  extensive  to  intensive  methods  of  work, 
and  second,  that  of  the  gradual  transfer  of  responsibility  for  com- 
pletion of  the  missionary  task  to  the  native  Christian  church. 

So  rich  has  been  the  blessing  poured  out  upon  the  efforts  of  the 
past,  so  rapid  has  been  the  development  of  work  upon  the  field,  especi- 
ally in  recent  years,  that  the  growth  of  resources — remarkable  as  it 
has  been — is  steadily  less  and  less  adequate  to  provide  the  necessary 


17 


The  Judson  Centennial 


workers  and  equipment.  The  total  receipts  of  the  Society  since  its 
organization  in  1814  have  been  $29,231,302.14,^  of  which  almost 
exactly  one-half  has  been  received  in  the  last  sixteen  years.  Foreign 
field  expenditures  of  the  general  Society  alone,  apart  from  the 
Woman's  Societies,  have  grown  from  $644,000  in  1908-09  to  $876,000 
in  1912-13,  an  increase  of  over  $230,000  or  thirty-six  per  cent  in  five 
years.  This  increase,  while  far  from  representing  what  our  churches 
are  able  to  do  and  ought  to  do  in  the  line  of  missionary  endeavor,  is 
truly  extraordinary  and  full  of  encouragement.  Nevertheless,  in  the 
face  of  this  increase,  the  outstanding,  unsupplied,  urgent  needs  of 
the  work  in  Burma  as  in  every  other  field  probably  never  were  greater 
in  number  and  never  represented  so  large  an  aggregate  expenditure. 
The  adjustment  of  this  inadequate  supply  to  so  tremendous  a  need 
is  the  problem  which  the  Board  is  confronting  to-day.  A  real  solu- 
tion demands  more  than  simply  increasing  the  supply.  Resources  may 
be  so  directed  that  every  need  satisfied  only  creates  new  needs  and 
greater,  and  we  become  involved  in  a  task  which  not  only  has  no  end 
but  which  becomes  increasingly  large  and  difficult  with  every  step. 
The  Board  is  persuaded  that  the  true  solution  lies  rather  in  making 
use  of  the  resources,  increased  by  every  legitimate  means  to  the  lar- 
gest possible  amount,  in  such  a  way  that  they  will  multiply  themselves, 
and  that  needs  satisfied  will  give  rise  not  simply  to  new  needs  but 
with  these  needs  also  will  provide  the  means  for  their  satisfaction. 

The  second  problem  is  closely  related  to  the  first.  Indeed,  in  its 
solution  is  to  be  found  the  greatest  promise  of  solving  the  first.  If 
Christian  churches  and  a  Christian  community  can  be  developed 
among  the  peoples  of  each  mission  field  that  will  assume  the  re- 
sponsibility for  making  Christianity  dominant  in  their  own  land  and 
will  devote  themselves  with  true  Christian  earnestness  and  loyalty 
to  the  discharge  of  that  responsibility,  the  problems  of  occupation  and 
evangelization  will  be  comparatively  easy  of  solution.  The  develop- 
ment and  direction  of  such  a  force,  however,  calls  for  the  creation 
of  strong,  intelligent,  and  consecrated  leadership  among  the  native 
Christian  body.  It  is  this  phase  of  the  problem  that  commands  par- 
ticular attention  just  now,  and  because  of  its  magnitude  and  urgency 
it  challenges  the  wisest  thought  and  the  broadest  experience  of  all 
who  share  in  the  missionary  enterprise.  The  Board  seeks  the  fullest 
cooperation  of  the  missionaries  and  the  native  Christian  body  in  an 
endeavor  to  reach  the  best  solution  of  these  problems. 

*  The  date  of  this  letter  would  naturally  indicate  that  the  statistics  included  are  for 
the  year  1913. 


18 


The  Judson  Centennial 


Each  mission  of  the  Society  has  its  own  inspiring  history  char- 
acterized by  heroic  and  sacrificial  service  on  the  part  of  missionaries 
and  native  Christian  disciples.  Each  presents  its  distinctive  problems 
and  its  insistent  needs.  Each  justly  claims  its  own  large  place  in 
the  sympathy  and  support  of  our  Baptist  churches  of  the  North. 
But  to-day  our  hearts  turn  with  a  peculiar  yearning,  strong  and 
tender,  toward  Burma,  the  eldest  child  of  our  missionary  fervor. 
We  take  a  peculiar  satisfaction  in  reviewing  the  triumphs  of  the 
gospel  in  that  land  and  the  unmistakable  manifestations  of  Providence 
which  have  repeatedly  marked  the  work  of  the  one  hundred  years  that 
have  elapsed  since  the  coming  of  Judson  to  Rangoon.  It  is  almost 
commonplace  to  say  that  the  missionary  enterprise  which  found  its 
beginning  in  the  devotion  of  life  on  the  part  of  Adoniram  Judson  and 
his  companions  and  in  the  sacrificial  giving  of  means  by  the  scattered 
and  for  the  most  part  humble  followers  of  the  Master  in  this  coun- 
try, was  born  of  prayer  and  faith,  but  those  words  take  on  a  new  and 
richer  meaning  as  we  trace  their  marvelous  results  step  by  step  down 
through  the  century.  If  the  history  of  these  one  hundred  years  means 
anything  to  us  to-day,  it  should  constitute  an  irresistible  call  to  a 
faith  and  vision  no  less  strong  and  far-reaching  and  to  a  spirit  of 
prayer  no  less  effectual  and  pervasive  than  that  which  characterized 
the  founders  of  American  Baptist  missions.  For  such  a  spirit  of  faith 
and  prayer  the  records  of  the  past  yield  strong  grounds  for  confi- 
dence ;  the  conditions  and  the  problems  of  the  present  are  rich  with 
opportunity  and  promise.  In  this  spirit,  we  pledge  to  you  on  behalf 
of  the  churches  of  America  our  earnest  sympathy  and  support  as  you 
enter  upon  the  new  century  which  we  trust  may  in  the  providence  of 
God  see  the  realization  of  that  vision  which  drew  Adoniram  and  Ann 
Hasseltine  Judson  to  the  shores  of  Burma  one  hundred  years  ago. 

I 

POINTS   OF   EMPHASIS    IN    THE    NEW    CENTURY 

I.  Transfer  of  responsibility  to  the  iiative  church.  It  is  generally 
recognized  that  to  attempt  to  accomplish  the  task  of  evangelization 
and  of  permeating  and  dominating  with  Christian  ideals  the  rapidly 
developing  industrial,  political,  intellectual,  social,  and  religious  life 
of  the  non-Christian  nations,  entirely  or  even  largely  by  the  direct 
use  of  foreign  missionaries  and  foreign  resources  is  not  only  imprac- 
ticable, but  would  be  an  actual  hindrance  to  the  development  of  a 
self-reliant  and  aggressive  Christianity  in  the  countries  evangelized. 
The  peoples  of  the  East  will  not  adopt  as  their  own  a  religion  that 

E  19 


The  Judson  Centennial 


remains  exotic.  They  will  develop  their  own  interpretation  of  Chris- 
tian truth  as  the  peoples  of  the  West  have  done  before  them.  It  is 
the  task  of  the  missionary  to  plant  the  seed  and  to  nourish  and  pro- 
tect the  growth  in  its  early  stages,  but  the  character  of  the  fruit  will 
be  determined  by  the  nature  of  the  seed  and  the  reactions  of  the 
environment  in  which  it  takes  root.  Therefore,  emphasis  must  be 
placed  more  and  more  upon  those  agencies  and  institutions  that  tend 
to  make  Christianity  indigenous  and  self-propagating  wherever  it  is 
established. 

2.  Preparation  of  the  native  church  for  the  assmnption  and  dis- 
charge of  its  responsibility.  Christianity  has  gained  such  a  foothold 
among  most  of  the  non-Christian  peoples  that  even  if  left  to  itself  it 
would  probably  ultimately  accomplish  the  regeneration  of  those 
nations.  It  is  possible,  however,  greatly  to  accelerate  this  process  by 
a  wise  direction  of  missionary  resources  in  the  various  fields.  This 
involves  no  less  attention  to  evangelism  than  in  the  past,  but  a 
greater  emphasis  upon  educational  work.  Two  equally  important 
objects  should  be  sought  simultaneously:  first,  an  increased  intelli- 
gence on  the  part  of  the  Christian  community  that  they  may  be  able  to 
take  their  true  place  in  the  national  life  and  bring  effectively  to  bear 
upon  it  the  principles  of  righteousness  and  love  which  are  the  char- 
acteristics of  their  Christian  faith;  and,  secondly,  the  production  of 
educated  and  consecrated  native  Christian  leaders  who  will  be  able 
to  command  the  respect  and  win  for  Christianity  the  favorable  inter- 
est of  all  classes,  and  to  lead  the  churches  wisely  and  strongly  to  the 
fulfilment  of  their  mission.  In  most  fields  it  will  be  necessary  to 
provide  all  grades  of  education  from  the  primary  school  to  the  college 
and  the  theological  or  other  technical  school,  in  order  that  Christian 
boys  and  girls  may  secure  their  training,  not  only  in  schools  of  high 
grade  but  under  conditions  that  will  strengthen  their  Christian  char- 
acter and  zeal. 

3.  Intensive  development  of  work  already  established.  An  essential 
condition  of  the  successful  accomplishment  of  the  twofold  task 
outlined  above,  will  be  a  concentration  of  available  resources  upon 
the  reenforcement  and  equipment  of  the  work  as  now  projected,  even 
if  it  means  delay  in  a  further  expansion  into  needy  and  unoccupied 
fields.  The  later  years  of  the  past  century  witnessed  a  very  consider- 
able expansion  of  forces  and  the  occupation  of  new  fields  as  well 
as  of  new  areas  within  or  adjoining  the  older  fields.  Since  the  year 
1900  the  number  of  stations  has  increased  from  ninety-one  to  127,  or 
practically  forty  per  cent.     In  many  of  these  new  stations  as  well 


BUKMAN    BOVS'    SCHOOL    AT    MOULMEIN 


SHWE    DACON    PAGODA,    RANGOON,    FROM    VICTORIA    MEMORIAL    PARK 


The  Judson  Centennial 


as  in  some  of  the  older  ones,  there  is  urgent  need  for  additional  mis- 
sionary workers  and  for  residences,  chapels,  school  buildings,  and 
other  equipment.  A  careful  estimate  made  in  the  case  of  China  indi- 
cates that  for  that  country  alone  fifty  new  families  and  an  expenditure 
of  $250,000  for  property  equipment  are  needed  at  once  to  bring  the 
existing  work  to  a  reasonable  standard  of  efficiency.  And  these 
figures  represent  but  a  fraction  of  what  would  be  required  for  the 
proper  equipment  of  the  work  in  all  the  fields. 

On  the  threshold  of  the  new  century,  problems  are  faced  as  com- 
plex, as  difficult,  and  as  far  beyond  the  resources  of  purely  human 
wisdom  as  those  that  confronted  the  missionaries  and  the  churches 
one  hundred  years  ago.  The  same  infinite  supply  of  wisdom  and 
power  upon  which  Judson  and  his  associates  and  their  supporters 
relied  so  largely  and  with  such  abundant  justification  is  available  for 
their  successors  of  the  present  day.  The  changes  in  missionary  policy 
necessary  to  meet  the  new  conditions  of  the  present  involve  not  a  less 
but  a  greater  demand  upon  the  churches  for  gifts  of  life  and  means. 
The  character  of  missionary  service  may  change,  but  the  spirit  re- 
quired in  the  missionary  is  the  same.  Though  different  aspects  of  the 
message  may  receive  a  new  emphasis,  the  message  in  essence  is  the 
same.  The  assurance  of  ultimate  triumph  is  as  certain  as  when  Jud- 
son wrote  that  it  was  as  sure  "  as  that  there  is  a  God  who  will  fulfil 
his  promises." 


21 


II 


THE  CENTENNIAL  CELEBRATION  BY  THE 
NORTHERN  BAPTIST  CONVENTION 

By  Rev.  Howard  B.  Grose,  D.  D. 


II 

THE  CENTENNIAL  CELEBRATION  BY  THE 
NORTHERN  BAPTIST  CONVENTION 

IN  the  arrangement  of  the  Judson  Centennial  Program,  it  was  de- 
cided that  the  Northern  Baptist  Convention  should  observe  the 
Judson  Centenary  on  Wednesday,  June  24,  and  that  the  next  day 
should  be  given  to  the  American  Baptist  Foreign  Mission  Society 
for  the  celebration  of  its  one  hundredth  anniversary.  Thus  two  days 
were  devoted  to  the  missionary  centennial. 

The  centennial  exercises  were  anticipated  with  deep  interest,  and 
thorough  preparation  had  been  made  for  a  celebration  worthy  of  the 
occasion.  Although  these  special  days  came  after  a  week  of  meetings, 
with  the  largest  attendance  of  delegates  ever  recorded  at  the  Con- 
vention, or  at  any  other  anniversary  of  the  Northern  Baptists,  there 
was  no  diminution  of  numbers  or  enthusiasm,  and  during  both  days 
Tremont  Temple  was  the  scene  of  stirring  incidents  and  the  center  of 
profound  interest.  In  the  richly  decorated  auditorium,  in  the  great 
audiences  filling  the  temple  to  its  capacity,  in  the  brilliancy  of  electric 
lights,  there  was  a  striking  contrast  to  the  little  gathering  in  the 
Philadelphia  meeting-house  in  1814,  when  the  first  Baptist  foreign 
missionary  society  was  organized;  but  in  spirit,  in  the  consciousness 
of  a  serious  task  divinely  imposed,  in  the  dignity  and  solemnity  of 
consecration,  the  two  meetings  might  have  been  one.  Worthy  sons 
commemorated  the  faith  and  acts  of  worthy  sires.  And  when 
Edward  Judson  had  paid  his  tribute  to  Adoniram  Judson,  his  father, 
it  was  as  though  hands  had  clasped  across  the  century — the  most 
marvelous  missionary  century  of  time. 


I 
OPENING  SESSION 

WEDNESDAY  MORNING,  JUNE  24,   I914 

At  an  early  hour  the  Temple  began  to  fill,  and  at  nine  o'clock,  when 
with  his  usual  promptness  President  Bond  gave  the  call  to  order, 

25 


The  Judson  Centennial 


the  great  audience  was  largely  in  place.  The  only  change  noted  in 
the  auditorium  was  the  placing  of  a  great  banner  in  front  of  the 
organ-loft,  with  the  insignia  "  The  Judson  Centennial "  in  large 
letters,  and  in  the  center  a  magnified  portrait  of  Judson,  which  had 
been  painted  for  the  occasion.  The  Stars  and  Stripes,  and  streamers 
of  red,  white,  and  blue  completed  the  decoration. 

It  was  a  great  and  representative  Baptist  gathering.  Delegates  and 
visitors  were  present  from  nearly  every  State  in  the  Union,  and  many 
had  come  from  foreign  lands  to  have  part  in  this  glad  celebration. 
The  platform  was  filled  with  officers  of  the  societies  and  missionaries. 
The  leaders  of  the  denomination,  ministers  and  laymen,  were  to  be 
seen  on  the  floor  and  in  the  balconies.  Some  realization  came  to 
many  of  the  vast  growth  that  had  marked  the  Baptist  development 
during  the  century.  Baptists  were  a  feeble  folk  comparatively  when 
Adoniram  Judson  challenged  them  to  begin  the  work  that  should 
place  them  among  the  world  forces  of  righteousness.  Now  they 
ranked  second  in  numbers  among  the  Protestant  bodies  of  America, 
and  their  missionary  record  was  known  and  read  of  all  denominations. 
There  was  every  reason  for  gratitude;  every  reason  why  there  should 
be  an  eager  and  expectant  atmosphere  on  this  eventful  morning. 
Great  days  were  to  be  commemorated,  great  names  to  be  venerated, 
great  achievements  to  be  recalled  and  reviewed.  A  consciousness  of 
the  significance  of  the  occasion  seemed  to  fall  upon  the  vast  company, 
lending  an  intensity  of  interest  to  all  the  proceedings,  even  those  that 
belonged  more  especially  to  the  business  of  the  Convention. 

It  was  like  a  benediction  when  the  president  presented  a  veteran 
preacher.  Rev.  L.  A.  Abbott,  D.  D.,  of  Upper  Alton,  Illinois,  to  lead 
the  devotional  exercises.  Venerable,  with  white  locks  but  straight 
figure,  the  man  of  God  over  ninety  years  of  age  prayed  with  earnest- 
ness for  the  great  cause  that  brought  them  together — the  evangeliza- 
tion of  the  world.  His  own  lifetime  had  almost  spanned  the  century 
now  under  consideration. 

The  report  of  the  Committee  on  Resolutions,  presented  by  Rev. 
A.  G.  Lawson,  D.  D.,  chairman,  contained  one  resolution  which  be- 
longs in  this  record.  It  was  the  first,  under  the  heading  "  Memorial," 
as  follows : 

There  was  a  man  sent  from  God  whose  name  was  Judson.  In  gratitude 
to  God  for  our  pioneer  missionary,  and  in  grateful  recognition  of  divine 
guidance,  when  the  fathers  moved  forward  to  disciple  all  nations,  we 
rejoice  with  full  hearts  that  we  are  enabled  this  year  to  round  out  a 
century  of   service    in   extending   Christ's   kingdom,   while   at  home   and 

26 


The  Judson  Centennial 


abroad,  in  the  churches  and  the  schools,  our  God  and  Father  is  giving 
us  so  many  tokens  of  his  good  will. 

We  would  make  special  record  of  our  profound  thankfulness  that  we 
have  Dr.  Edward  Judson  and  Adoniram  B.  Judson,  M.  D.,  worthy  sons 
of  a  well-beloved  sire,  to  participate  with  us  in  this  great  Conventicm 
of  1914- 

THE    BAPTIST    STUDENT    VOLUNTEERS 

Following  the  brief  transaction  of  business  came  one  of  the 
stirring  features  of  the  day  in  the  introduction  of  the  Baptist  Student 
Volunteers.  President  Bond  asked  Professor  Burton,  president  of 
the  Executive  Board  of  the  Foreign  Mission  Society,  to  present  the 
young  men,  who  recalled  the  five  candidates  ordained  at  Salem  a 
century  before,  and  by  their  enthusiasm  injected  many  a  thrill  into 
the  audience.  Professor  Burton  highly  commended  their  spirit  and 
work,  and  introduced  their  leader,  Mr.  Stallings,  who  said :  "  The 
Baptist  Volunteers  are  not  officially  connected  with  this  Convention, 
and  therefore  we  have  no  report  to  make  this  morning.  However, 
a  statement  has  been  placed  in  your  hands.  Pressure  of  time  will 
not  allow  me  to  read  it.  Reference  to  it  will  be  made  by  the  various 
speakers.  Mr.  J.  C.  Robbins  will  now  introduce  the  men."  (Ap- 
plause.) 

[The  statement  will  be  found  on  page  275,  and  explains  the  origin 
and  character  of  the  movement.] 

Rev.  J.  C.  Robbins,  formerly  a  missionary  in  the  Philippines,  who 
recently  had  been  called  from  the  Joint  District  Secretaryship  of  our 
Societies  in  the  New  England  District  to  a  Student  Volunteer  secre- 
taryship of  the  International  Young  Men's  Christian  Association,  was 
received  with  applause.    He  said : 

As  Baptists  we  have  been  richly  blessed  of  God  in  men.  The 
fundamental  and  primary  resources  of  the  kingdom,  as  of  the  church, 
are  personal  and  spiritual,  men  filled  with  the  Spirit  of  God.  We 
would  be  poor  indeed  as  a  denomination  if  we  came  up  at  this  great 
Convention  without  men  to  do  the  task  that  God  is  calling  us  to  do. 
But  we  have  the  men.  Who  are  these  Baptist  Volunteers  ?  They  are 
men  who,  first  of  all,  have  declared  their  purpose,  God  willing,  to 
go  as  foreign  missionaries  to  the  non-Christian  world.  But  they 
are  not  only  men  with  this  vision  of  foreign  missionary  service,  they 
are  men  loyal  to  the  Baptist  denomination.  They  are  Baptist  boys 
from  Baptist  homes,  graduated  from  the  Baptist  colleges  and  theo- 
logical seminaries.  There  is  no  money  to  send  them  out,  we  say; 
they  might  go  out  under  another  denomination,  they  might  start  as 

27 


The  Judson  Centennial 


independent  missionaries  to  the  non-Christian  world.  But  these  men 
are  Baptists;  they  believe  in  and  love  our  denomination.  (Applause.) 
They  believe  as  Baptists  they  have  a  message  for  the  non-Christian 
w^orld.  God  has  been  in  this  organization  from  the  very  beginning. 
This  organization  of  Baptist  Volunteers  has  been  led  in  prayer;  they 
have  gone  continually  to  God  in  prayer.  As  I  have  dealt  with  these 
young  men  I  have  been  impressed  with  three  things :  First,  the  pas- 
sion of  their  determination  to  serve  God ;  secondly,  a  dependence  upon 
God;  and  thirdly,  a  loyalty  to  our  denomination.  These  men  are  in 
the  real  apostolic  succession  to  the  heroic  Judson,  and  they  say  with 
him,  in  answer  to  God's  call,  "Who  will  go?  Who  will  speak  for 
me?"    "Here  am  I;  send  me;  send  me." 

I  now  have  pleasure  in  introducing  these  men:  First,  Mr.  R.  N. 
Crawford,  a  graduate  of  Williams  College,  Rochester  Theological 
Seminary,  and  a  year  in  the  University  of  Chicago.  (Applause.) 

ADDRESS    OF    MR.    RAYMOND    N.    CRAWFORD 

We  come  before  you  this  morning,  representatives  of  hundreds  of 
Baptist  men  and  women  now  in  our  colleges,  who  have  devoted 
themselves  to  the  cause  of  foreign  missions.  We  come  to  you  with  a 
message  that  we  know  they  want  brought  to  this  denomination.  And 
back  of  that  message  we  know  lie  the  prayers  of  many  that  what  we 
bring  before  the  denomination  to-day  may  be  carried  from  here  to 
the  churches,  that  the  churches  may  know  that  we  are  ready  and 
on  the  firing-line. 

The  organization  of  the  Baptist  Student  Volunteers  of  North 
America  for  Foreign  Missions  took  form  at  Kansas  City,  because  the 
Baptist  Volunteers  present  at  that  great  Student  Volunteer  Conven- 
tion had  a  conviction  that  there  has  been  a  tremendous  leakage  of 
Baptist  Volunteer  forces  in  past  years.  As  soon  as  the  men  were 
back  from  Kansas  City  there  came  demands  upon  them  to  go  to  the 
churches  and  tell  about  that  convention.  But  meanwhile  these  men 
had  taken  it  upon  themselves,  now  that  they  were  organized,  to  send 
out  questionnaires  to  all  of  the  Volunteers  to  find  out  what  the  situ- 
ation of  the  Volunteers  was,  and  as  the  facts  began  to  come  in  we 
could  not  any  more  report  the  Kansas  City  Convention — we  had 
to  report  to  our  Baptist  churches  the  facts  that  we  were  finding  out. 
As  soon  as  we  had  enough  of  them  in  hand,  we  issued  the  statement 
to  the  denomination  which  has  been  printed  on  the  last  page  of  the 
pamphlet  which  we  have  placed  in  your  hands. 

28 


The  Judson  Centennial 


Soon  after  that  was  issued  we  were  asked  to  speak  at  the  laymen's 
meeting  of  Baptists  in  Chicago.  We  gave  the  laymen  there  some 
of  the  facts  we  have  observed,  and  as  a  result  we  have  been  kept 
busy  every  Sunday  since,  going  around  in  Chicago  and  Illinois 
through  many,  many  churches,  giving  these  same  facts  to  the  de- 
nomination there.  Since  then  we  have  issued  another  statement  to 
some  of  our  denominational  papers,  and  finally  we  present  to  you 
these  facts,  with  the  hope  that  you  will  take  them  home  to  your 
people  and  let  them  know  them,  because  we  know  from  the  experi- 
ence we  have  had  that,  once  these  facts  reach  the  hearts  of  the 
people,  the  churches  respond.  We  cannot  describe  to  you  the  way 
they  have  rallied  when  we  have  given  the  call. 

The  facts  which  we  have  found  out  are  of  three  sorts.  The  first 
thing  that  has  been  borne  in  upon  us  is  the  need  of  the  fields.  We 
should  all  know  this.  It  is  nothing  less  than  terrific.  The  second 
thing  is  the  waste  of  volunteer  strength  while  the  young  men  and 
women  are  in  preparation  in  this  country.  We  have  found  that  scat- 
tered around  the  land  there  were  more  hundreds  of  Baptist  men  and 
women  than  we  ever  would  have  dared  to  guess,  and  they  have  not 
been  organized  and  have  not  been  used  in  any  way.  Scores  of  them 
are  graduate  students,  perfectly  capable  of  going  about  and  dissem- 
inating missionary  news  to  the  churches,  but  they  have  been  all  un- 
employed thus  far. 

There  has  been  a  second  waste :  the  Volunteers  have  not  been  kept 
in  close  communication  with  the  heads  of  the  denomination.  The 
Board  tells  us  that  they  only  want  large-sized  men  for  the  missionary 
work,  but  large-sized  men  are  always  in  demand.  They  always  have 
more  than  they  can  do.  As  a  consequence,  when  these  men  have  not 
been  kept  in  close  connection  with  the  Board,  many  of  them  have 
leaked  away  to  other  lines  of  work  which  are  good  and  valuable, 
but  not  the  foreign  missionary  work  to  which  they  devoted  their 
lives.  We  do  not  blame  the  Board  in  the  least.  They  have  been 
unable  to  handle  the  Baptist  Volunteers  who  were  preparing  to  go 
abroad.  Part  of  our  plea  is  that  something  shall  be  done  to  handle 
these  Volunteers,  to  stop  a  waste  which  is  appalling  us  as  we  look 
it  in  the  face. 

The  third  thing  we  have  found  out  is  that  in  the  case  of  those  who 
do  persist  and  fight  for  a  position  on  the  foreign  field,  as  we  have 
to  fight  to-day,  many  of  them  cannot  go  because  of  lack  of  money. 
In  the  pamphlet  in  your  hands  we  have  put  but  a  partial  list  of  men 
and  women  who  could  have  sailed  this  September  if  the  denomination 


29 


The  Judson  Centennial 


had  had  the  money  to  send  them  out.  They  are  not  all  available 
to-day — some  have  accepted  other  appointments ;  but  these  young  men 
and  women  through  us  are  sending  to  you  the  challenge,  "  Here  am 
I;  send  me."  And  the  challenge  that  came  to  us  by  telegram  from 
the  Geneva  Conference  of  Student  Volunteers  was,  "  Enable  us  to  stop 
delimiting  Jesus  Christ."  Here  we  are;  what  is  the  denomination 
going  to  do  about  it?     (Applause.) 

Mr.  Robbins.  The  second  speaker  is  Mr.  Royal  H.  Fisher,  son  of 
a  Baptist  missionary  in  Japan,  graduate  of  our  college  at  Kalamazoo, 
Oberlin  Theological  Seminary,  Divinity  School  of  the  University  of 
Chicago. 

ADDRESS    OF    MR.    ROYAL    H.    FISHER 

I  have  just  one  job  in  the  next  four  minutes.  There  has  been 
some  feeling  that  this  propaganda  of  ours  might  discourage  Baptist 
Volunteers  in  the  future.  My  job  is  to  say  that  we  need  more  Volun- 
teers, and  always  will.  May  I  try  to  put  flesh  and  blood  behind  the 
facts,  behind  these  cold  printed  words  on  the  right  hand  of  the  double 
column,  "  The  positions  on  the  field  "  ?  My  mind  travels  out  to-day 
to  a  school  in  a  large  empire  closed  for  two  years  because  there  is 
not  the  girl  to  take  up  that  work  in  that  school.  My  mind  travels  out 
to  more  than  one  hospital  closed — equipped,  but  closed  for  lack  of  a 
man  to  take  charge.  My  mind  travels  out  to  some  places  where  our 
missionaries  are  losing  their  children  because  of  lack  of  hospital 
facilities  within  fifty-five  miles ;  children  dying  on  our  hands.  My 
mind  travels  out  to  the  country  where  I  hope  to  be  in  July,  to  that 
much-boasted  theological  seminary  of  ours  in  Tokyo,  where  "  Charlie  " 
Tenney  is  burning  out  his  life  trying  to  hold  down  a  job  where  four 
men  are  supposed  to  be  doing  the  work.  Men  and  women,  we  are  not 
doing  this  job  of  foreign  missions :  we  are  playing  with  it.  We  are 
deserting  our  missionaries  on  the  front. 

Another  place — two  families  are  supposed  to  be  there,  and  to-day 
one  husband  has  broken  down,  the  other  husband  has  come  home ; 
one  wife  is  there  alone,  utterly  alone,  one  woman  trying  to  hold  the 
ropes  where  four  grown  people  are  supposed  to  do  the  work.  That  is 
just  about  a  sample.  Read  these  positions;  let  them  get  into  your 
system — the  positions  that  are  open  and  necessary.  But  here  is  the 
point  I  want  to  make:  Look  on  the  other  side  of  that  list.  You  say, 
"  Well,  if  we  could  send  them  all  out  it  would  take  care  of  these, 
wouldn't  it?"     No,  it  wouldn't.     If  next  September  every  man  and 

30 


The  Judson  Centennial 


every  woman  on  the  other  side  of  that  column  could  leave  for  tlie 
field  of  their  choice,  we  would  not  then  be  meeting  the  demands  of 
those  fields.  Our  Board  sent  out  a  request  asking  the  number  of 
requirements  for  next  year,  and  after  paring  down  the  number  as  far 
as  possible,  the  answer  came  back,  "  We  need  thirty-five  families  this 
year  and  thirty-five  more  " — for  what  ?  In  order  to  keep  up  the  work 
already  in  progress,  simply  to  man  that  adequately.  So  that  if  every 
man  and  every  woman  on  the  other  side  of  that  column  could  be 
sent  out,  we  would  not  be  doing  the  job  then. 

What  has  that  got  to  do  with  us?  Well,  just  this:  Many  of  you 
are  pastors ;  many  of  you  are  heads  of  homes.  You  have  the  op- 
portunity of  touching  young  life.  May  I  put  in  a  plea,  in  the  face  of 
the  needs  of  the  field,  that  you  touch  those  young  lives  with  this 
tremendous  call  of  the  foreign  field?  I  have  not  time  even  to  think 
of  the  untouched  sections  where  the  name  of  Christ  has  not  yet  pene- 
trated, but  we  need  more  men  and  women ;  we  need  them  all  the  time ; 
we  will  need  them  until  there  shall  not  be  a  single  place  on  the  face 
of  the  earth  where  the  name  of  Christ  has  not  penetrated.  God  give 
us  grace  to  see  the  challenge  of  the  world  to-day,  the  biggest  chal- 
lenge that  has  ever  come  up  to  the  Christian  church,  and  the  tremen- 
dous drain  that  has  got  to  be  on  the  best  manhood  and  womanhood 
in  the  churches  to  go  out  and  do  that  work  and  win  for  Jesus  Christ. 
(Applause.) 

Mr.  Robbins.  The  third  speaker  will  be  Mr,  Victor  Hanson, 
Buena  Vista  College  and  University  of  Chicago.  (Applause.) 

ADDRESS   OF    MR.   VICTOR    HANSON 

Fellozv  Delegates  in  the  Convention:  As  we  are  here  to  plead  for 
more  Volunteers,  so  we  are  here  to  plead  that  the  Volunteers  that 
have  been  made  shall  be  conserved  and  utilized.  In  naming  the 
ofiice  of  the  missionary  enterprise  we  commonly  think  of  the  secre- 
taries and  the  boards  and  the  missionaries,  of  the  people;  but  how 
often  do  we  name  the  Volunteers  as  one  of  the  great  assets  of  mis- 
sionary enterprise?  So  much  in  times  past  and  in  the  present  the 
Volunteers  have  been  isolated;  so  much  their  names  have  been  pigeon- 
holed, and  they  have  been  left  in  the  work  that  they  were  to  do  to 
prepare  themselves  for  missionary  service  and  upon  occasion  speak 
in  general  terms  of  the  greatness  and  value  of  the  philosophy  of  the 
missionary   enterprise.     But   we  believe,  and   I   think   we   have  dis- 

31 


The  Judson  Centennial 


covered,  that  there  is  something  more  that  we  can  do.  In  Chicago, 
in  the  Student  Vokinteer  Union,  composed  of  some  twenty  bands  of 
Volunteers  in  various  institutions,  we  found  that  there  were  so  many 
of  our  Volunteers  detained  that  we  have  during  the  past  few  years 
made  special  efforts  to  discover  why  and  how  to  meet  the  situation. 
In  order  to  meet  it  we  have  made  an  effort  to  get  the  Volunteers  to 
do  deputation  work,  going  into  the  churches  and  young  people's 
societies,  to  speak  on  missions  and  to  start  up  mission  study.  And  in 
the  next  place,  we  sought  to  bring  in  the  secretaries  and  repre- 
sentatives of  the  great  Boards  of  various  denominations  to  speak  to 
the  Volunteers  and  get  acquainted  with  them  in  order  that  the  Volun- 
teers might  feel  that  they  belonged  to  something  definite,  that  they 
were  on  the  inside  and  had  a  part  and  might  know  something  of  the 
things  that  really  concerned  the  enterprise  as  it  looks  from  the  home 
base.  The  Volunteers,  we  believe,  constitute  the  closest  tie,  the  most 
direct  personal  tie  between  the  Boards  and  those  responsible  for  carry- 
ing out  the  work  of  missions  and  the  churches.  It  requires  flesh  and 
blood  to  stand  before  people  and  to  tell  them  of  the  meaning  of  this 
work. 

Now,  this  is  the  thing  that  we  want  to  do.  We  used  to  think  as 
Volunteers  that  all  we  had  to  do  was  to  get  ready,  and  when  we  were 
ready,  to  offer  ourselves  to  the  Board  and  then  be  sent  across.  We 
see  there  is  something  else  to  do.  And  I  speak  for  the  Baptist  Volun- 
teers particularly  when  I  ask  you.  Give  us  a  chance  to  do  it.  And  I 
speak  especially  for  this  smaller  group  of  men  to  whom  we  have 
referred  this  morning  when  I  say  that  we  stand  before  you  and  offer 
ourselves  unconditionally  to  you  to  render  this  service  in  so  far  as  it 
may  be  your  pleasure  that  we  shall  and  so  long  as  you  may  wish 
that  we  shall  stay  in  this  country.     (Applause.) 

Mr.  Robbins.  As  a  Baptist  missionary  I  feel  that  these  young  men 
in  bringing  this  message  are  answering  prayers  that  some  of  the  mis- 
sionaries have  been  praying,  that  somehow,  in  some  way,  God  may 
put  it  into  the  hearts  of  some  men  to  bring  a  live  challenge  to  our 
church,  with  all  its  abundance  of  material  wealth,  that  we  may  go 
out  and  do  the  job  that  God  is  calling  us  to  do.  Before  us  that  chal- 
lenge is  laid  to-day. 

The  last  speaker  of  the  four  Volunteers  representing  these  Volun- 
teers of  America  will  be  Mr.  W.  H.  Stallings,  graduate  of  Des  Moines 
College,  Colgate  Theological  Seminary,  and  the  University  of 
Chicago.     (Applause.) 

32 


The  Judson  Centennial 


ADDRESS   OF    MR.    WILLIAM    H.    STALLINGS 

I  esteem  it  a  high  privilege  and  a  great  honor  to  stand  before  you 
as  the  personal  representative  of  eight  of  my  personal  friends,  as  well 
as  another  group  of  men  whom  I  know  only  through  correspondence. 
You  have  heard  this  morning  that  one  of  the  findings  of  our  com- 
mittee was  that  Baptist  Volunteers  were  being  "  held  up,"  because 
our  Mission  Board  was  not  in  a  position  to  send  them  out.  Now  we 
are  face  to  face  with  one  of  the  greatest  crises  that  our  denomination 
has  ever  faced.  I  want  to  make  you  feel  the  personalities  and  see 
these  in  the  next  few  moments.  There  is,  first,  Robert  Scott  Wallis  of 
Colgate,  a  man  practically  appointed  last  September  by  our  Board. 
He  and  his  fiancee.  Miss  Caroline  P.  Langworthy,  one  of  the  most 
brilliant  of  this  year's  graduates  of  Ohio  State  University,  have  been 
planning  these  months  to  go  to  India  as  Baptist  missionaries.  Not 
more  than  four  weeks  ago  our  Board  notified  them  that  they  could 
not  be  sent  this  year,  and  Mr.  Wallis  is  waiting  this  morning,  wonder- 
ing what  we  are  going  to  do  with  him. 

And  then  there  is  "  Zo "  Browne,  who  has  just  graduated  from 
Rochester  Seminary;  a  man  who  has  kindled  that  whole  seminary 
with  missionary  enthusiasm;  a  man  who  has  the  unqualified  friendship 
of  every  man  in  that  school.  He  too  has  been  received  by  the  Board ; 
he  had  similar  plans.  He  has  been  compelled  to  take  a  church  in 
Canada  because  he  could  not  stand  around  all  summer  and  wait  for 
the  Baptist  denomination  to  say  something  to  him. 

Then  there  is  another  man,  Mr.  Hutchinson,  who  has  the  doctor's 
degree  from  no  less  an  institution  than  Columbia  University.  He  has 
had  six  years'  practical  teaching  experience.  He  is  now  engaged  in 
making  civic  surveys  for  one  of  our  most  important  municipalities  in 
this  country,  the  city  of  Pittsburgh.  That  man  could  have  been  sent  to 
our  Baptist  missionary  survey  if  our  Board  had  been  in  any  position 
whatever  to  make  him  a  proposition. 

And  then  there  is  McLeod,  that  grand  man  of  God — two  hundred 
and  twenty-five  pounds  of  muscle  and  brawn,  and  with  manhood  and 
a  heart  that  more  than  matches  it ;  a  man  who  is  engaged  to  a  young 
woman.  Miss  Ruby  Bruner,  who  has  proved  herself  in  the  last  four 
years  one  of  the  most  efficient  pastoral  assistants  in  the  city  of 
Chicago.  I  saw  a  letter  from  that  man.  He  had  an  invitation  from 
the  Presbyterian  society  to  go  out  with  them.  He  is  standing  by 
the  Baptist  ship.  He  is  waiting  for  this  Convention  to  say  something 
to  him  this  morning.     (Applause.) 

33 


The  Judson  Centennial 


Then  there  is  "  Mark "  Hanna,  a  dear  personal  friend  of  mine. 
(Laughter.)  Yes,  we  call  him  Mark.  Let  me  tell  you  something 
about  this  man.  Mr.  Hanna  is  no  less  than  a  grandson  of  the  im- 
mortal Adoniram  Judson,  the  greatest  Baptist  prophet  and  the  fore- 
runner of  many  saviors  of  men  in  our  greatest  Baptist  mission  field 
in  Burma.  (Applause.)  Mr.  Hanna  has  a  thorough  college  training, 
and  did  the  whole  Colgate  College  course  in  two  years.  And  listen 
when  I  tell  you  again  he  lived  on  ten  cents  a  day  more  weeks  than 
one  while  he  was  doing  it.  (Applause.)  Mr.  Hanna  married  a  beau- 
tiful girl  last  summer.  They  went  to  the  University  of  Chicago;  he 
got  his  Master's  degree  with  honors  last  month.  He  could  not  stand 
around  with  twenty  dollars  between  him  and  his  wife  and  starvation; 
he  took  a  church.  He  is  at  work  to-day.  We  could  have  him  and 
send  him  to  India  if  we  had  been  on  the  job.  His  sister  is  sleeping 
under  the  sod  out  in  that  country.  Doctor  Judson's  work  is  waiting, 
his  sister's  work  is  appealing  for  him  to  come.  Oh,  he  is  serving 
God  in  Wisconsin,  but  friends,  he  competed  with  twelve  of  his  fel- 
low men  to  get  that  position.  Scores  of  positions  are  competing  for 
him  out  in  India.    What  shall  we  do  about  it? 

And  there  is  "  Archie  "  Adams.  I  wish  I  could  tell  you  all  that 
is  in  my  heart  about  Archie  Adams.  Most  of  us  know  that  his  father 
was  a  missionary  in  Central  China  for  fifty  years.  He  has  been 
planning  for  lo  these  nine  months,  with  that  beautiful  girl  to  whom 
he  has  just  been  married,  to  spend  their  lives  in  China,  the  choice  of 
his  heart.  A  widowed  mother  is  waiting  for  him  to  come  to  her  this 
fall  in  her  loneliness  and  love.  We  are  not  sending  Archie  Adams — 
why?  Because  our  secretaries  have  got  to  raise  money  to  pay  off 
bank-notes  before  they  can  talk  about  sending  out  men  to  serve  God 
in  foreign  lands. 

Now,  I  dare  not  sit  down  without  saying  another  word,  and  that 
is  this:  Thanks  to  the  godliness  and  the  Christlikeness  of  some  of  our 
Baptist  Volunteers,  but,  I  fear,  to  the  shame  of  our  denomination, 
some  of  our  men  are  actually  planning  to  go  out  under  other  mis- 
sionary societies.  Now,  I  am  a  Baptist  every  minute,  but  when  the 
Baptists  refuse  to  let  me  work  I  will  go  where  somebody  else  will 
let  me  work.  (Applause.)  And  that  is  what  these  men  have  said, 
and  so  there  will  probably  this  fall  sail  from  the  American  shores  four 
men  just  as  choice  as  any  four  whom  our  Board  will  send  out,  but 
they  are  not  going  under  the  Baptist  banner,  mark  you.  Baptists, 
ought  not  the  blush  of  shame  to  come  on  our  cheeks  this  morning 
when  we  stand  face  to  face  with  such  startling  truths  as  these?    We 


34 


The  Judson  Centennial 


need  these  men.  To  be  sure,  they  will  be  great  servants  of  God 
wherever  they  go,  but  our  work  needs  them.  It  is  a  shame,  a  down- 
right shame.  I  have  heard  not  a  few  people  say  as  a  matter  of 
consolation :  "  Well,  we  are  not  any  worse  than  anybody  else.  Here 
is  this  other  society,  they  have  a  big  debt  too;  they  all  have  them." 
Yes,  and  if  we  were  sending  out  as  many  missionaries  as  these  other 
societies  are,  our  debt  would  be  tripled  this  morning  and  not  what  it 
is.  Let  us  face  God  and  talk  about  this  thing,  and  not  look  in  the  face 
of  our  fellow  missionary  societies  and  talk  about  it. 

There  are  seven  hundred  Baptist  missionaries  praying  for  these 
men  to  come  to  them.  There  are  untold  millions  waiting  for  these 
men  to  come  to  them.  God  Almighty,  our  God,  the  God  of  the  whole 
world,  the  God  of  the  living,  is  expecting  them  to  come  to  him  in  those 
fields.  One  and  one  quarter  million  Baptists  professing  the  name 
of  Christ  and  supposed  to  be  bearing  his  marks  in  their  bodies,  and 
the  task  is  not  done.  Oh,  I  wonder  as  we  sing,  "  I  surrender  all,"  if 
there  is  not  to  our  God  a  mark  of  mockery  and  cant  in  those 
words  when  we  make  the  mental  reservation  that  it  does  not  apply 
to  our  money.  The  reason  these  men  cannot  go  to  the  field  is  not 
because  there  is  not  money  enough  in  the  Baptist  denomination — we 
have  as  much  money  as  anybody  else.  The  trouble  is  that  we  are 
looking  in  the  wrong  place  to  find  the  limitations  for  our  foreign 
missionary  service.  And  this  morning,  facing  Almighty  God  in  a 
spirit  of  prayer,  let  us  raise  this  debt  and  let  us  make  it  possible 
for  our  foreign  secretaries  to  begin  to  talk  business  to  these  young 
men  whose  words  our  hearts  are  literally  breaking  because  we  have 
shut  the  door  of  foreign  missionary  service  in  their  faces.  (Great 
applause.) 

Mr.  Robbins.  Let  us  bow  our  heads  in  silent  prayer  and  open  our 
hearts  to  God  after  these  messages  of  these  God-filled  men. 

O  God,  our  Father,  we  do  thank  thee  this  morning  that  thou  art  speak- 
ing to  us,  that  thou  dost  speak  through  personalities  given  to  thee.  We 
pray  that  every  one  of  us  may  feel  that  God  is  by  our  side,  that  God  is 
with  our  denomination,  that  God  has  sent  to  us  these  young  men  to  speak 
forth  the  deep  conviction  that  thou  hast  given  them.  And  so  do  thou 
bless  us  in  every  effort  that  we  may  make  to  extend  the  volunteers  of 
our  kingdom  throughout  all  the  world,  that  Christ  may  be  glorified  and 
men  may  be  saved.    We  ask  it  in  his  name.    Amen. 

The  appeal  of  these  young  men  made  a  profound  impression,  and 
prepared  the  way  for  what  was  to  come.    The  great  company  caught 


35 


The  Judson  Centennial 


something  of  the  contagion  of  their  consecration  and  zeal.    They  were 
living  evidences  of  the  vitality  of  the  missionary  cause. 

RAISING   THE   DEBT 

Now  the  time  had  come  for  the  special  effort  to  raise  the  heavy 
debt  resting  upon  the  societies.  President  Bond  asked  Dr.  Cornelius 
Woelfkin,  of  New  York,  to  lead  in  a  service  of  worship,  which  lasted 
for  half  an  hour,  and  was  mostly  occupied  by  prayer. 

Professor  Burton  stated  that  owing  to  the  sad  affliction  which  had 
come  upon  Doctor  Hunt,  who  was  at  that  very  time  engaged  in  the 
burial  service  of  his  brother,  the  special  committee  had  turned  to 
another  of  those  men  whom  all  the  denomination  loves  and  honors, 
and  who  has  himself  had  a  leading  part  in  this  movement,  to  an- 
nounce the  results  of  the  work  of  the  committee.  He  named  Dr. 
Henry  L.  Morehouse,  for  forty  years  Secretary  of  the  American 
Baptist  Home  Mission  Society.  The  prolonged  applause  proved  the 
honor  and  esteem  in  which  this  leader  is  held.  He  explained  the 
situation,  which  resulted  in  a  total  debt  in  round  numbers  of  $276,000, 
of  which  $182,000  rested  upon  the  Foreign  Mission  Society,  $71,000 
upon  the  Home  Mission  Society,  and  about  $22,000  on  the  Woman's 
Foreign  Mission  Society.  The  United  Missionary  Campaign  Com- 
mittee had  undertaken  the  reduction  or  removal  of  this  indebtedness, 
and  in  the  limited  time  before  the  Convention  met  had  raised  in 
pledges  $20,334,  in  cash  $36,610,  a  total  of  $56,945.  This  indicated 
the  temper  of  the  denomination,  which  he  believed  would  not  be 
satisfied  until  the  entire  indebtedness  was  removed.  He  closed  with 
some  appropriate  verses  from  the  twelfth  chapter  of  the  Acts,  telling 
how  Peter  got  out  of  prison.  This  came  to  him  as  a  message  for  the 
Convention. 

Secretary  W.  C.  Bitting  took  the  floor,  and  said :  "  Mr.  President,  I 
have  a  telegram,  which  I  should  like  to  read  just  now.  It  is  addressed 
to  the  corresponding  secretary : 

Toward  the  payment  of  the  accumulated  deficit  in  the  missionary  work 
of  the  Foreign  Mission  Society,  Home  Mission  Society,  and  Woman's 
Foreign  Society  of  the  East,  Mr.  John  D.  Rockefeller  will  contribute 
$50,000,  payable  on  demand.   (Great  applause.) 

That  makes  the  present  deficit  $159,000.  The  debt  reported  was 
$276,000.  The  gifts  amount  to  $57,000,  making  $209,000  still  left. 
This  gift,  unconditional,  of  $50,000  from  $209,000  leaves  $159,000. 
(Reading)  : 


The  Judson  Centennial 


And  if  by  January  i  next  the  accumulated  deficits  have  been  so  far 
reduced  that  a  further  contribution  from  him  of  $50,000  will  discharge 
the  entire  indebtedness,  he  will  pay  that  amount  or  so  much  thereof  as 
may  be  necessary." 

This  statement  was  greeted  with  prolonged  applause,  and  President 
Bond  asked  Doctor  Woelfkin  to  offer  a  prayer  of  thanksgiving. 

After  this  a  hymn  was  sung,  "  We  praise  thee,  O  God,  for  the 
Son  of  thy  love,"  and  after  reading  w^hat  Jehoshaphat  said  to  his  peo- 
ple in  the  day  of  a  great  crisis,  and  the  singing  of  another  hymn. 
Doctor  Bitting  brought  the  message  of  the  Executive  Committee  with 
regard  to  raising  the  debt.  It  had  unanimously  voted  that  a  collection 
should  be  taken  this  morning,  and  the  whole  debt  wiped  out  if  possible. 

After  his  remarks,  amid  much  enthusiasm  the  taking  of  subscrip- 
tions was  carried  on,  and  by  the  time  adjournment  was  necessary  the 
sum  of  $50,000  had  been  raised  very  nearly,  leaving  about  $67,000  to 
raise  in  order  to  secure  the  second  $50,000  provisionally  offered. 

On  motion  of  Dr.  L.  A.  Crandall,  of  Minneapolis,  who  said  they 
must  realize  that  the  Baptists  gathered  in  Tremont  Temple  were 
only  a  small  fraction  of  the  Northern  Baptists  who  would  desire  to 
have  a  share  in  raising  this  debt,  the  Finance  Committee  or  a  special 
committee  was  requested  to  prepare  and  recommend  to  the  co- 
operating organizations  a  plan  for  speedily  completing  the  raising  of 
the  debt.  This  was  carried,  and  a  committee  appointed  consisting  of 
Prof.  E.  D.  Burton,  Mrs.  Andrew  MacLeish,  Dr.  H.  L.  Morehouse, 
Mr.  F.  W.  Ayer,  and  Mrs.  A.  G.  Lester. 

The  session  was  closed  with  prayer  by  Rev.  G.  W.  Gilkey,  of 
Chicago.  The  morning  had  in  it  much  of  inspiration  and  impulse, 
although  the  effort  wholly  to  wipe  out  the  debt  did  not  succeed. 
The  attempt  had  put  the  desired  end  in  sight,  and  had  lifted  the 
heaviest  cloud  from  the  horizon.  A  fine  spirit  had  been  engendered, 
and  the  day  was  auspiciously  begun. 


II 

THE  HISTORICAL    SESSION 

WEDNESDAY  AFTERNOON,   JUNE   24 

There  are  memorable  occasions  that  do  not  pass  from  the  memory 
of  those  who  witness  or  participate  in  them.     There  are  meetings 

2>7 


The  Judson  Centennial 


that  cannot  be  described,  so  deep  are  the  emotions  they  evoke,  so 
provocative  are  they  of  new  spiritual  impulses.  This  was  one  of 
them — one  of  the  meetings  that  stir  the  soul,  that  fire  the  imagination, 
that  touch  the  springs  of  action.  It  was  in  every  way  a  great  session, 
climactic  in  its  experiences.  This  record  will  help  those  who  were 
present  to  relive  its  scenes;  to  others  it  may  bring  something  of 
the  inspiration.  In  part  we  give  the  stenographic  report  of  what  was 
said,  with  such  added  comment  as  may  reproduce  the  spirit  of  the 
meeting,  something  that  the  most  skilful  stenography  cannot  catch. 

The  morning  session  had  adjourned  so  late  that 
there  was  scant  time  for  lunch,  and  the  day  was 
excessively  hot,  so  that  the  throng  came  in  rather 
slowly.  But  President  Bond  had  made  it  an  invari- 
able rule  of  the  Convention  that  the  sessions  should 
begin  at  the  appointed  time,  if  he  were  the  only  one 
present,  and  so  at  2  o'clock  he  rapped  for  order  with 
a  gavel  about  which  clusters  a  story. 

The  President.  The  session  will  come  to  order. 
While  some  are  coming  in,  I -want  to  call  your  atten- 
tion to  what  has  been  placed  on  the  desk,  and  with 
which  I  call  you  to  order  this  afternoon — this  gavel. 
I  will  tell  you  a  little  as  to  what  it  is:  When  Rev. 
D.  A.  W.  Smith,  D.  D.,  the  son  of  Dr.  S.  F.  Smith, 
who  wrote  "  America,"  and  for  fifty  years  a  Baptist 
missionary  in  Burma,  returned  on  furlough  in  April, 
he  brought  to  the  rooms  of  the  Foreign  Mission  So- 
ciety this  gavel,  which  had  been  made  under  his 
direction,  and  presented  it  for  use  at  the  annual 
meeting. 

Could  this  thing  of  wood  speak  it  would  tell  a  thrilling  story.  Its 
handle  was  once  part  of  the  fence  which  surrounded  the  prison  at 
Aungbinle  in  the  days  of  the  old  Burmese  kings.  This  bit  of  carved 
wood  saw  the  prisoners  as  they  went  to  their  tortures  and  heard  their 
groans  of  suffering.  It  heard  Adoniram  Judson,  imprisoned  there,  say 
to  his  wife,  "  Why  have  you  come  ?  "  The  head  of  the  gavel  Hke- 
wise  has  an  interesting  history.  Some  years  ago  a  man  from  Roches- 
ter, New  York,  visited  Burma  and  Aungbinle,  and  gave  the  money  for 
building  on  the  site  of  the  old  prison  a  chapel  with  a  pastor's  house 
near-by.  The  head  of  the  gavel  was  fashioned  from  a  block  of  the 
timber  that  entered  into  the  pastor's  house. 

Although  the  head  and  the  handle  are  somewhat  different  in  shape, 

38 


THOMAS    BALDWIN,    D.    D. 

Pastor  Second  Baptist  Church,  Boston,  1790-1825.  First  pres'dent  Massachusetts 
Baptist  Miss  onary  Society.  Founder  Baptist  Triennial  Convention;  first  president  of 
Its  Board.  Editor  of  "The  Baptist  Missionary  Magazine,"  1803-18J5.  Leader  in 
home  and   foreign   missions;    great   preacher   and   pastor. 


The  Judson  Centennial 


the  wood  in  both  cases  is  the  same,  a  kind  known  in  Burma  as  pynma. 
The  form  of  the  gavel  is  that  of  an  ordinary  gong-stick  or  hammer 
for  ringing  the  gongs  that  summon  the  native  Christians  to  church. 
Every  Sunday  from  fifty  to  sixty  thousand  of  these  Burman  wor- 
shipers are  called  to  their  chapel  services  by  the  sound  of  gongs  struck 
with  sticks  such  as  this,  with  which  you  have  been  called  to  order. 
(Applause.) 

We  will  open  this  session  with  the  singing  of  the  Italian  hymn, 
"  Come,  Thou  Almighty  King." 

After  the  singing  of  the  hymn,  the  President  said  the  devotional 
service  would  be  conducted  by  Rev.  T.  A.  T.  Hanna,  D.  D.,  of 
Pennsylvania,  who  married  Emily  Judson,  daughter  of  Adoniram 
Judson. 

DEVOTIONAL   SERVICE 

Doctor  Hanna  said :  "  Let  us  then  hear  the  word  of  the  eternal 
love,  a  prayer  of  David  for  Solomon"  (reading  the  Seventy-second 
Psalm).    He  then  offered  prayer,  as  follows: 

Almighty  and  everlasting  God  and  Saviour,  the  God  and  Father  of 
our  Lord  Jesus  Christ,  our  hearts  look  to  thee  to  ask  of  thee  that  as 
speedily  as  possible,  in  the  great  processes  of  eternal  God,  thou  wilt  do 
the  things  that  are  spoken  of  in  this  psalm.  We  pray  that  thou  wilt  do 
them  on  earth  so  far  as  they  are  included  in  this  earth's  history.  Lord, 
we  want  to  offer  a  prayer  for  Brother  Rockefeller  and  family.  We  fear 
that  not  many  carry  their  names  before  God,  but  we  feel,  Lord,  that  we 
would  not  like  to  take  so  great  sums  of  money  from  him  and  not  have 
a  heart  to  ask  that  heaven's  richest  blessing  may  rest  upon  him  and 
his,  and  that  the  Lord  God  may  grant  that  he  may  have  the  greatest  joy  of 
a  long  career  in  feeling  that  God  has  dealt  well  with  him  in  putting  into 
his  hands  what  he  may  return  to  thee.  Enlarge  his  heart  and  the  hearts 
of  all  that  sacrifice  for  the  blessed  work.  We  ask  it  in  Christ's  name. 
Amen. 

PRESENTATION  OF  VETERANS  OF  1864 

Souvenir  programs  were  now  distributed,  a  copy  of  which  will  be 
found  on  page  247.  The  first  order  of  the  afternoon  was  the  pres- 
entation of  the  veterans  who  attended  the  Jubilee  at  Philadelphia  in 
1864.  This  was  one  of  the  deeply  interesting  incidents,  and  called 
forth  much  enthusiasm  from  the  audience,  which  filled  the  great  hall 
in  every  part. 

The  President.  The  veterans  will  be  presented  by  Dr.  Frederick 
L.  Anderson,  of  Newton. 

39 


The  Judson  Centennial 


Doctor  Anderson.  At  the  Jubilee  Meeting  held  in  Philadelphia,  in 
1864,  those  who  had  been  present  at  the  initial  meeting  of  the  con- 
vention in  1814  were  honored  by  being  presented  to  the  convention. 
It  has  seemed  well  to  us  to  follow  that  course  at  this  time  and  to 
present  to  the  Convention  those  who  were  present  in  Philadelphia 
fifty  years  ago.  These  people  have  done  something  more  than  exist 
for  half  a  century.  They  have  all  of  them  been  doing  faithful  and 
earnest  and  fruitful  work  for  the  Lord  Jesus  Christ  in  various  fields — 
some  in  high  places,  others  in  places  more  obscure,  but  all  of  them 
equally  dear  to  the  heart  of  their  Saviour.  It  would  be  invidious  for 
me  to  characterize  them  as  they  arise  one  by  one,  consequently  all 
I  shall  do  in  almost  every  case  is  just  to  read  the  name,  when  the 
person  whose  name  is  called  will  rise  for  the  moment.  With  one  ex- 
ception I  will  not  read  the  names  of  those  who  are  not  present,  some 
on  account  of  illness  and  fear  of  the  strain  of  the  meeting,  others  for 
other  reasons.     Now  I  will  call  the  roll  as  we  have  it  here : 

Mrs.  S.  L.  Brackett,  Pennsylvania. 
Frances  N.  Brooks,  Massachusetts. 
Rev.  G.  S.  Chase,  Massachusetts. 
Rev.  M.  B.  Comfort,  New  York. 
Mrs.  A.  J.  Gordon,  Massachusetts. 

Dr.  A.  G.  Lawson,  New  York,  who  presented  that  magnificent  report 
of  the  Committee  on  Resolutions. 
Rev.  A.  J.  Padelford,  Massachusetts. 

We  pause  when  we  read  the  name  of  Mrs.  Sarah  Potter,  of  Illinois. 
She  came  to  Boston  from  Chicago  to  attend  these  meetings ;  she 
registered  as  a  delegate  and  attended  one  or  two  of  the  meetings  the 
first  day.  Then,  catching  cold,  she  went  to  the  hospital  and  died 
there  yesterday.  She  was  the  daughter  of  Francis  Mason,  who  trans- 
lated the  Scriptures  into  Karen,  one  of  our  most  noted  missionaries. 
Her  sister,  Mrs.  E.  O.  Stevens,  whose  name  you  will  read  later — 
you  remember  her  distinguished  husband — is  also  unable  to  be  here 
because  she  is  detained  by  illness. 

Mrs.  S.  J.  Taylor,  of  the  District  of  Columbia.  (Applause.)  It  is 
an  exceedingly  interesting  fact  that  Mrs.  Taylor's  mother  and  grand- 
mother were  present  at  the  1814  meeting.  And  now  we  have  three 
whose  names  were  not  made  known  to  me  until  yesterday  and  one 
of  them  just  now.  I  invited  her  to  the  platform  just  now — Mrs.  E.  B. 
Edson,  of  Connecticut.  (Applause.)  And  then,  if  they  will  rise  to- 
gether. Dr.  T.  Edwin  Brown,  of  Connecticut,  and  his  wife.     (Ap- 


plause.) 


40 


The  Judson  Centennial 


[As  each  of  these  veterans  arose  there  was  hearty  applause,  showing 
how  sympathetically  the  audience  entered  into  the  unusual  scene. 
One  could  not  help  wondering  how  many  out  of  this  great  gathering 
would  be  present  at  the  one  hundred  and  fiftieth  anniversary  in  1964, 
to  receive  the  greetings  of  that  convention.] 

Now  I  am  going  to  ask  the  last  three  to  rise  together — Rev.  D.  A. 
W.,  Smith,  Mrs.  D.  A.  W.  Smith,  and  Mrs.  Mary  E.  Colburn.  (Ap- 
plause.) These  three  were  not  able  to  be  present  in  1864  because  they 
had  been  sent  forth  to  the  missionary  field  in  1863  from  Cleveland,  but 
I  think  they  ought  to  be  on  the  platform  just  the  same.  (Applause.) 
It  is  a  remarkable  fact — here  we  have  three  out  of  a  group  of  four 
missionaries  who  were  sent  out  from  Cleveland  in  1863.  It  seems 
almost  a  pity,  although  Brother  Colburn  is  now  with  his  Saviour, 
that  he  could  not  be  here  to-day  and  complete  this  quartet  that  was 
sent  out  in  1863. 

I  think  we  ought  to  recognize  that  Doctor  and  Mrs.  Smith  have 
been  missionaries  of  this  Foreign  Missionary  Society  for  fifty-one 
years  (applause),  that  Doctor  Smith  is  the  senior  American  Baptist 
missionary  (applause),  and  for  thirty-eight  years  has  been  president 
of  the  Karen  Theological  Seminary  in  Burma.  Doctor  Smith  is  going 
to  speak  to-morrow,  but  if  you  wish  him  to  speak  now  he  will,  no 
doubt. 

In  response  to  the  continued  applause,  Doctor  Smith  said :  I  was 
not  expecting  to  be  called  upon  to  speak  at  this  time,  but  I  have  to 
say  that  myself  and  wife  have  been  down  in  the  bottom  of  Carey's 
well  for  fifty  years  and  more,  only  coming  up  occasionally  to  breathe 
the  upper  air  and  to  look  into  the  faces  of  my  stalwart  rope-holders. 
I  assure  you  it  is  very  delightful  to  see  the  light  and  to  breathe  the 
air  of  the  upper  and  blissful  regions  of  my  native  country.  But  what 
is  still  more  delightful  is  to  see  the  day  breaking  in  the  bottom  of 
the  well,  so  that  even  there  we  sing  my  father's  hymn : 

The  morning  light  is  breaking, 

The  darkness  disappears. 
The  sons  of  earth  are  waking 

To  penitential  tears, 

[Doctor  Smith  was  given  a  most  affectionate  greeting,  and  was 
visibly  affected  by  it.     It  was  fitting  recognition  of  a  noble  service.] 

Doctor  Anderson.  Looking  over  the  names  of  the  veterans  I 
find  only  one  of  the  men  who  had  been  designated  as  a  missionary  at 

41 


The  Judson  Centennial 


the  meeting  in  1864,  and  I  thought  it  was  eminently  fitting  that  he 
should  say  a  few  words  for  the  veterans.  Rev.  M.  B.  Comfort,  of 
Assam  and  New  York.     (Applause.) 

Making  response  on  behalf  of  the  veterans,  Mr.  Comfort  said:  If 
the  matter  had  been  left  to  my  choice  I  would  not  stand  where  I  do 
now,  and  I  am  all  the  more  convinced — I  have  been  from  the  first 
since  Doctor  Anderson  asked  me — that  he  has  made  a  mistake  in 
asking  me  to  represent  the  missionaries  at  this  time  or  to  speak  of 
the  meeting  at  Philadelphia  fifty  years  ago.  I  was  there  because  I  had 
no  appointment  as  a  missionary.  I  did  not  get  to  the  foreign  field 
until  two  or  three  years  later,  because  at  the  time  our  Civil  War  was 
in  progress,  our  currency  was  greatly  depreciated,  and  it  was  impos- 
sible for  the  Missionary  Union  to  call  upon  its  treasury  for  more  than 
the  return  of  a  single  missionary  to  the  field,  and  that  was  Dr. 
William  Dean.  If  any  of  you  have  seen  him  I  am  sure  you  can  bear 
in  your  memory  the  vision  of  a  noble  man.  There  went  with  him  a 
classmate  of  mine  who  served  perhaps  one  year  and  then  his  life 
ended.  At  that  time  our  Union  sent  out  its  missionaries  as  a  rule 
by  sailing  vessels,  and  I  know  something  of  the  length  of  time  that 
was  occupied  in  the  passage  from  Boston  to  Calcutta.  I  only  had 
147  days  of  it. 

The  meeting  in  Philadelphia  was  held  in  the  historic  First  Church ; 
the  pastor  of  it  was  Rev.  George  Dana  Boardman.  It  seemed,  there- 
fore, eminently  fitting  that  the  meeting  should  be  held  there,  because 
of  the  fact  that  the  son  of  an  old  and  esteemed  missionary  was  its 
pastor.  The  sermon  was  preached  by  Doctor  Colwell,  of  Providence. 
The  man  whom  you  all  esteem  and  know  as  a  man  now  somewhat 
advanced  in  years,  Edward  Judson,  was  present  at  those  meetings 
with  his  little  sister.  Mr.  Boardman  made  at  that  gathering  a  thrill- 
ing address  on  behalf  of  the  children  of  missionaries.  I  give  you  the 
names  of  a  few — men  who  obtained  more  or  less  eminence  in  our  de- 
nomination— who  were  present  at  this  gathering.  One  was  Dr.  J.  G. 
Warren,  of  Boston,  who  long  served  the  Missionary  Union, as  its 
home  secretary,  and  with  whom  I  carried  on  my  correspondence  when 
I  was  making  arrangements  with  reference  to  my  life-work,  as  I 
expected  it  to  be.  It  has  not  been  my  life-work ;  I  may  say  here  that 
I  came  home  at  the  end  of  seven  years.  In  the  judgment  of  a  physi- 
cian, Mrs.  Comfort's  health  did  not  warrant  a  return  and  engaging  in 
work  there.  If  it  had  been  otherwise  possibly  I  should  still  be  on 
the  mission  field  instead  of  being  a  humble  pastor  of  a  church  in  the 
State  of  New  York.     Another  present  was  Dr.  M.  B.  Anderson,  of 


42 


The  Judson  Centennial 


Rochester,  and  I  have  an  impression  that  he  was  the  president  of 
the  meeting,  although  I  am  not  certain  as  to  that,  and  I  cannot 
say  certainly  that  Doctor  Dodge,  then  of  Hamilton,  was  present,  but 
Dr.  Baron  Stowe,  of  Boston,  was  there  at  that  time.  I  have  spoken 
of  Dr.  William  Dean  as  the  only  one  who  was  returning  to  the  field 
at  that  time. 

I  might  say  in  passing  that  at  that  time  the  interest  of  every 
gathering,  for  whatever  purpose,  was  somewhat  divided,  for  it  was  at 
least  a  year  before  the  close  of  our  Civil  War,  and  therefore,  while 
we  were  interested  in  missionary  movements  and  in  missionary  mat- 
ters, we  felt  also  deep  interest  in  the  progress  of  the  contest  that  was 
testing  the  life  of  this  nation.  And  therefore  at  the  close  of  the  meet- 
ing there  was  a  very  large  excursion  to  Washington,  and  so  those  of 
us  who  went  there  had  the  opportunity,  as  it  was  customary  for  large 
delegations  to  do,  to  call  upon  the  President,  to  pass  in  review  before 
him,  to  clasp  him  by  the  hand  and  give  him  assurance  of  sympathy 
in  the  arduous  task  that  he  was  trying  to  accomplish,  and  possibly 
some  alleviation  of  the  burden  that  he  was  bearing  on  his  shoulders. 

[This  allusion  to  the  meeting  with  President  Lincoln,  who  made  one 
of  his  best  short  speeches  in  responding  to  the  address  of  the  delega- 
tion, was  an  effective  touch,  and  brought  prolonged  applause.] 

Doctor  Anderson.  Mr.  President,  since  Doctor  Smith's  speech, 
Rev.  Mr.  Cull,  of  New  York,  another  veteran,  has  come  to  the  plat- 
form. Will  you  please  rise,  Brother  Cull,  to  be  presented  to  the 
Convention.     (Applause.) 

This  closed  a  remarkably  interesting  part  of  the  program,  that  gave 
the  note  of  personality  to  the  service.  It  was  the  prelude  to  some 
notable  addresses. 

The  President.  We  are  now  to  have  the  privilege  and  pleasure  of 
listening  to  an  address  upon  the  subject,  "  Adoniram  Judson,"  to  be 
given  by  Rev.  O.  P.  Gifford,  D.  D.,  of  Massachusetts.     (Applause.) 

Doctor  Gifford's  address  will  be  found  in  full,  beginning  on  page 
145.  He  is  one  of  the  rare  men  who  can  pack  an  era  into  a  para- 
graph and  a  biography  into  a  twenty-minute  speech.  His  epigram- 
matic sentences  held  the  absorbed  attention  of  the  audience.  His 
characterization  of  Judson  will  live  as  one  of  the  most  discriminating 
tributes  evoked  by  the  centenary. 

43 


The  Judson  Centennial 


The  President.  The  next  address  is  upon  the  subject,  "The 
Judson  Centennial  in  Burma,"  to  be  given  by  Rev.  Frank  M.  Good- 
child,  D.  D.,  of  New  York.     (Applause.) 

This  address  (see  page  i8i)  was  a  graphic  picture  of  the  Judson 
party's  visit  to  Burma  and  its  attendance  at  the  centennial  meetings 
in  Rangoon  and  at  other  points.  The  listeners  appreciated  the  fact 
that  another  master  of  clear  and  picturesque  language  was  giving 
them  of  his  best,  and  there  was  frequent  applause  as  he  painted  one 
word-picture  after  another,  closing  with  the  pathetic  scene  at  the 
grave  of  the  heroic  "  Ann  of  Ava."  The  hymn,  "  Jesus  shall  reign 
where'er  the  sun,"  was  sung  with  power. 

The  President.  We  are  now  to  listen  to  an  address,  "  One  Hun- 
dred Years  of  American  Baptist  Missionary  History,"  by  Rev.  Nathan 
E.  Wood,  D.  D.,  of  Massachusetts. 

This  was  the  distinctively  historical  feature  of  the  program.  It  is 
given  in  full  (see  page  i88)  elsewhere.  Perhaps  no  greater  praise 
could  be  given  than  to  say  that,  coming  after  an  hour  and  a  half  of 
an  exciting  session  on  a  ninety-degree-in-the-shade  afternoon,  this 
address  held  the  unbroken  interest  for  another  full  hour.  The  per- 
sonality of  the  speaker,  combined  with  the  clearness  of  his  enunci- 
ation, the  beauty  of  the  style,  and  the  comprehensive  and  admirable 
summary  of  the  century's  progress,  made  this  hour  seem  only  too 
short.    This  was  a  most  difficult  task  worthily  done. 

The  President.  We  will  sing  the  hymn  written  for  this  occasion 
by  Rev.  Howard  B.  Grose,  D.  D.,  editor  of  Missions. 

This  hymn,  with  the  others  written  for  the  centennial  and  ap- 
proved by  the  Program  Committee,  is  given  in  the  souvenir  pro- 
gram. (See  page  248.)  It  was  sung  to  the  tune  "  Materna,"  and 
the  effectiveness  of  congregational  singing  was  never  more  apparent. 
It  seemed  like  an  outlet  for  surcharged  feeling.  Now  the  great  com- 
pany was  ready  for  the  last  of  this  high  feast — the  part  that  all 
had  been  waiting  for  with  intensest  interest. 

The  President.  There  is  a  name  in  Baptist  history  that  every 
Baptist  loves  to  honor.  This  is  a  name  that  stands  for  sacrifice,  it  is 
a  name  that  stands  for  consecration,  and  truly  these  are  sacred  mo- 
ments this  afternoon  when  we  can  have  upon  this  platform  two  that 
bear  the  name  and  have  in  their  veins  the  blood  of  him  who  first 
made  this  name  famous.  Certainly  it  would  be  a  great  occasion  if 
we  could  look  into  the  faces  of  these  men.  But  our  privilege  is  to  be 
greater  than  that,  for  we  are  to  hear  from  both  of  these  men  this 

44 


The  Judson  Centennial 


afternoon ;  and  first  from  the  one  who  not  only  has  in  his  veins  the 
blood  but  also  carries  the  name  which  was  first  made  famous  by  his 
father  and  is  continuing  to  be  made  famous  by  those  who  bear  that 
name — Adoniram  B.  Judson,  M.  D.,  of  New  York. 

The  applause  broke  forth  almost  before  the  name  was  pronounced, 
and  as  Doctor  Judson  was  escorted  to  the  front  of  the  platform  by 
the  President,  the  audience  rose  to  greet  him,  with  continued  applause. 
Evidently  feeble  in  health,  and  feeling  the  strain  of  the  occasion,  he 
spoke  simply  and  briefly, 

ADDRESS  OF  ADONIRAM   B.   JUDSON,   M.   D.,   OF  NEW   YORK 

I  will  not  take  up  much  of  your  time.  The  afternoon  is  on  the 
wing,  and  I  do  not  feel  properly  equipped  to  entertain  or  instruct 
this  distinguished  audience.  But  we  all  have  our  personal  early  recol- 
lections, and  I  recall  an  incident  which  occurred  on  a  voyage  from 
Burma  to  this  country  in  1845,  sixty-nine  or  seventy  years  ago,  when 
my  father,  Adoniram  Judson,  and  mother,  Sarah  Hall  Boardman 
Judson,  returning  missionaries,  brought  home  to  America  three  of 
their  six  children. 

Mother  was  an  invalid,  and  could  not  complete  the  voyage.  God 
took  her  to  a  better  home,  and  she  was  buried  at  St.  Helena.  But  a 
long  way  the  other  side  of  St.  Helena,  when  crossing  the  Indian 
Ocean,  one  night,  when  the  wind  had  died  away  and  the  stars  were 
out,  and  the  ship  stood  still  in  a  calm,  the  family  gathered  on  deck, 
and  mother  sang  to  the  group,  which  included  some  of  the  sailors  and 
officers  of  the  ship. 

The  hymn  was  "The  Star  of  Bethlehem,"  beginning: 

When  marshaled  on  the  nightly  plain. 

The  glittering  hosts  bestud  the  sky. 
One  star  alone  of  all  the  train 

Can  fix  the  sinner's  wandering  eye. 
Hark !  Hark !  to  God  the  chorus  breaks 

From  every  host,  from  every  gem, 
But  one  alone  the  Saviour  speaks. 

It  is  the  star  of  Bethlehem. 

The  calm  sea,  the  sweet  voice,  and  the  sky  filled  with  bright  stars 
made  a  scene  not  easily  forgotten. 

Of  the  children  landed  at  Boston,  the  girl  was  taken  to  Bradford  to 
the  Hasseltine  school  and  the  two  boys  were  left  at  Worcester,  where 
a  few  months  later  I  saw  my  father's  face  for  the  last  time  as  he 

45 


The  Judson  Centennial 


leaned  from  a  window  of  the  train  taking  him  to  Boston  on  his  way 
back  to  Burma,  where  he  was  to  meet  the  other  three  children,  the 
youngest  one  of  whom  was  my  dear  brother  Edward,  who  needs  no 
introduction  from  me  to  a  Baptist  audience.     (Prolonged  applause.) 

The  President.  On  behalf  of  this  audience  I  want  to  thank  Doctor 
Judson  for  the  message  he  has  brought  to  us  this  afternoon.  We 
shall  go  back  to  our  homes  in  this  country  from  the  Atlantic  to  the 
Pacific  and  tell  our  children  that  we  have  seen  the  son  of  the  man 
that  we  love  and  honor,  and  that  we  love  to  honor  the  father  and 
the  son  that  bears  the  name.  (Applause.)  And  what  shall  I  say  of 
him  who  is  now  to  speak  to  us  that  can  in  any  adequate  way  repre- 
sent to  him  the  feeling  we  have  for  him?  I  believe  I  can  express  it 
best  in  this  way,  in  saying  that  we  love  him — we  love  him.  And  we 
love  him,  first,  for  what  he  and  what  his  father  have  done  to  lead 
us  out  into  deeper  consecration,  into  larger  fields  of  work,  and  into 
fields  that  have  meant  much  and  will  continue  to  mean  much  for  the 
kingdom  of  God.  We  love  him  for  what  the  name  stands  for  that  he 
bears,  we  love  him  for  the  blood  that  he  has  in  his  veins,  and  we 
love  him  for  what  he  is  himself — Dr.  Edward  Judson,  of  New  York. 

OVATION    TO    EDWARD   JUDSON 

This  was  the  signal  for  such  an  outburst  of  recognition  as  is  seldom 
witnessed  in  any  gathering.  The  supreme  moment  of  the  celebration 
had  come.  If  Edward  Judson  ever  doubted  whether  the  denomina- 
tion appreciated  his  character  and  spirit,  his  devotion  not  less  per- 
sistent than  that  of  his  father  to  the  cause  in  which  he  believed,  and 
his  eminently  lovable  qualities,  he  could  have  no  doubt  of  it  from 
this  hour.  He  had  been  greeted  with  great  applause  when  he  first 
came  to  the  platform;  but  now,  as  he  rose  and  stepped  to  the  side  of 
the  president,  he  received  an  ovation.  The  congregation  rose,  gave 
him  the  Chautauqua  salute,  cheered ;  then,  after  sitting  down,  broke 
into  wave  after  wave  of  applause,  so  that  all  he  could  do  was  to 
stand  there  and  smile  responsively  and  wait.  That  he  was  profoundly 
touched  was  plain,  but  he  seemed  overcome  with  a  feeling  of  wonder 
at  such  a  tribute.  Too  large  a  man  to  attribute  it  to  himself,  he 
saw  in  it  all  a  tribute  to  his  father,  of  whom  he  was  the  special 
representative  by  reason  of  his  calling  and  work.  How  simply  he 
began,  yet  how  characteristically,  when  the  people  gave  him  a  chance 
to  be  heard.  You  will  read  the  address  in  full  elsewhere  (see  page 
152),  but  the  opening  words  may  well  be  given  here  also: 

46 


The  Judson  Centennial 


President  Bond,  Brethren,  Sisters,  Fathers,  Mothers,  Young  Men  and 
Women  who  are  going  as  missionaries,  you  Veterans  who  have  returned 
from  distant  fields, 

"  Hearts  worn  out  with  many  wars 
And  eyes  grown  dim  with  gazing  on  the  pilot  stars." 

I  count  it  the  supreme  honor  and  joy  of  my  life  to  be  permitted  to  speak 
a  benedictory  word  on  this  historic  occasion  under  the  auspices  of  the 
Northern  Baptist  Convention  in  the  presence  of  this  assemblage  of 
representative  Christians  gathered  from  all  sections  of  our  great  land 
to  pay  a  tribute  of  affectionate  remembrance  to  my  father,  Adoniram 
Judson,  the  first  American  foreign  missionary. 

A  single  allusion  to  himself,  in  connection  with  the  "  delicious 
reminiscence  "  contributed  by  his  older  brother :  "  I  was  a  little  baby 
then,  a  puny,  sickly  babe,  left  behind  in  Burma  under  the  care  of 
the  missionaries.  My  mother  had  to  leave  us;  she  was  dying."  That 
gave  the  human  touch.  Then  his  thought  turned  to  the  absent  brother, 
"  permanently  disabled  while  fighting  under  the  Union  flag  in  the 
great  Civil  War."  A  quick  transition  showed  how  his  father's 
example  had  always  been  his  inspiration.  "  I  always  keep  a  picture 
of  my  father  on  my  study  desk,  representing  him  in  his  youth."  He 
made  it  clear  how  the  obstacles  met  by  his  father  in  his  "  ever- 
climbing  way  "  had  nerved  the  son,  and  hov^r  the  father's  achieve- 
ments, which  he  grouped  in  cumulative  and  masterly  style,  had 
strengthened  his  faith  and  given  his  life  an  inspiration  "  to  try  to  do 
faithfully  the  next  thing  without  having  regard  to  the  bulk  of  the 
things  done,  knowing  that  our  Lord  does  not  measure  our  life  but 
weighs  it,  accounting  not  so  much  its  bulk  as  its  spirit." 

As  he  went  on,  frequent  applause  had  come,  and  at  the  conclusion 
there  was  another  scene  of  ovation.  There  was  a  thrill  in  the  air,  and 
pent-up  emotion  was  striving  for  expression. 

When  a  pause  came,  President  Bond  said:  Doctor  Judson,  would 
that  I  could  give  you  some  adequate  conception  of  the  appreciation  of 
this  audience,  and  not  only  of  this  audience,  but  of  the  Baptists 
from  the  Atlantic  to  the  Pacific,  of  the  lives  of  men  like  your  father 
and  yourself.  But  until  the  books  are  opened  it  can  never  be  known, 
and  when  the  record  is  read  there,  then  can  be  understood  and  not 
until  then,  our  appreciation  of  the  life  of  these  men. 

There  were  one  or  two  announcements,  and  on  motion  of  Rev.  W. 
W.  Ludwig,  of  Brooklyn,  a  message  was  voted  to  be  sent  to  the 
absent  brother.  A  motion  to  adjourn  was  carried,  and  the  President 
asked  all  to  be  very  quiet  while  Doctor  Judson  led  in  prayer  and 
benediction.     Doctor  Judson  closed  the  session  as  follows: 

47 


The  Judson  Centennial 


Lighten  our  darkness,  we  beseech  thee,  O  Lord,  and  by  thy  great 
mercy  defend  us  from  all  perils  and  dangers  of  this  night,  for  the  love 
of  thy  only  Son,  our  Saviour  Jesus  Christ. 

The  peace  of  God,  which  passeth  all  understanding,  keep  your  hearts 
and  minds  in  the  knowledge  and  love  of  God  and  of  his  Son  Jesus  Christ 
our  Lord.  And  the  blessing  of  God  Almighty,  the  Father,  the  Son,  and 
the  Holy  Spirit,  be  amongst  you  and  remain  with  you  always.    Amen. 

Then  there  was  a  pressure  forward  as  hundreds  sought  to  grasp 
the  hand  of  Doctor  Judson.  His  election  as  Honorary  President  of 
the  American  Baptist  Foreign  Mission  Society  for  life,  at  a  previous 
session,  had  been  greeted  as  one  of  the  happiest  events  of  the  Con- 
vention, and  now  there  was  great  joy  in  not  only  having  seen  and 
heard  him  on  this  centennial  occasion,  but  also  having  opportunity  to 
show  him  the  esteem  in  which  he  is  held.  Groups  gathered  to  talk 
of  the  great  afternoon,  which  was  thought  to  be  a  climax  of  interest. 
But  centennials  can  afford  more  than  one  climactic  experience. 


HI 
MISSIONARY    VOLUNTEER    SESSION 

WEDNESDAY  EVENING,   JUNE  24 

By  eight  o'clock  there  was  another  great  gathering,  as  though  the 
appetite  for  meetings  grew  by  what  it  fed  on.  Every  seat  in  the 
Temple  was  filled,  and  it  was  a  most  inspiring  audience. 

The  President.  The  session  of  the  Convention  will  be  in  order. 
We  will  open  by  singing  the  hymn  "  Coronation,"  first  on  the  pro- 
gram of  the  evening. 

After  the  singing  of  "  All  hail  the  power  of  Jesus'  name !  "  the 
President  announced  that  the  Scripture  would  be  read  and  prayer  be 
offered  by  Rev.  Walter  Bushell,  of  Burma.  The  Scripture  reading 
was  Isaiah,  fifty-fifth  chapter.     The  prayer  was  as  follows : 

O  Lord,  thou  art  great  and  greatly  to  be  praised,  for  thou  art  the 
Creator  and  Preserver  of  all  things.  From  everlasting  to  everlasting  thou 
art  God,  and  besides  thee  there  is  none  other.  We  praise  thee,  O  God, 
that  thou  hast  taught  us  the  glorious  truth,  and  we  who  are  assembled 
within  these  walls  to-night  can  look  up  unto  thee  and  praise  thee  only 
as  our  Creator,  not  only  as  our  God,  but  in  Christ  Jesus,  our  Father. 

O  Lord  our  God,  we  praise  thee  for  thy  gracious  dealings  with  us. 
We  thank  thee  for  the  adoption  into  thy  family.  We  thank  thee  for 
the  lessons  thou  hast  already  taught  us.     We  thank  thee  that  thou  hast 

48 


The  Judson  Centennial 


made  us  thy  children.  Thou  hast  taught  us  thy  truth  not  for  ourselves 
only,  but  thou  hast  taught  us  in  order  that  we  may  teach  others.  Thou 
hast  given  us  this  truth  in  order  that  w^e  may  convey  it  to  others.  Yea, 
thou  hast  put  a  command  upon  us,  and  thou  hast  bidden  us  not  to  preach  to 
our  own  people  onl}-,  not  our  own  nation  only,  but  thou  hast  commanded 
us  to  go  to  all  the  world  and  preach  thy  gospel  to  every  creature. 

And  now,  O  Lord  our  God,  we  are  before  thee  to-night  as  a  great  body 
of  Christian  people,  organized  to  obey  thy  command.  We  have  received 
thy  blessings  in  the  past.  Thou  hast  been  gracious  to  thy  servants  whom 
thou  hast  sent  forth,  whether  into  their  own  lands  or  into  foreign 
lands,  and  thou  hast  blessed  them  as  messengers  of  thine,  carrying  the 
gospel  of  light  and  life  to  others.  O  God,  we  praise  thee  for  what 
thou  hast  already  accomplished  through  us.  But  we  look  around  us,  and 
whether  in  our  own  lands  or  in  others  we  behold  multitudes  still  living 
in  darkness.  We  behold  some  still  bowing  down  before  idols.  We 
behold  many  living  lives  of  unrighteousness  and  sin;  they  have  rejected 
thy  truth.  O  Lord  our  God,  grant  that  we  who  are  thy  servants  may  now 
receive  such  a  blessing  that  shall  qualify  us  in  every  respect  not  only 
to  preach,  but  to  preach  successfully;  to  impress  thy  truth  upon  the 
hearts  of  our  fellow  men ;  and  may  thy  Holy  Spirit  so  water  the  seed 
sown  that  thy  word  shall  not  return  unto  thee  void,  but  bring  forth 
fruit  abundantly.  To  this  end,  O  our  God,  do  thou  bless  every  one  of 
the  organizations  now  before  thee.  Bless  this  our  great  Convention ;  crown 
its  officers  with  wisdom  and  with  power,  and  grant,  O  Lord,  that  the 
result  of  all  our  labors  may  be  salvation  to  a  multitude  of  our  fellow 
creatures  and  glory,  eternal  glory  to  thine  own  great  name.  We  ask 
it  for  Jesus  our  Redeemer's  sake.     Amen. 

The  President.  A  suggestion  has  been  made  that  we  ascertain 
how  many  there  are  present  that  have  ever  looked  upon  the  face  of 
Adoniram  Judson,  and  I  am  going  to  ask  now  for  all  those  in  this 
audience  who  ever  had  that  great  privilege  kindly  to  rise  and  remain 
standing.  I  see  two — three.  We  are  glad  that  we  can  have  with 
us  three. 

For  the  next  speaker  it  would  be  as  great  presumption  for  me  to 
introduce  him  to  this  audience  as  it  would  be  for  a  man  to  introduce 
his  brother  to  another  brother.  He  belongs  to  you,  he  is  your  own, 
and  no  man  is  rendering  more  service  to  the  Convention  than  the  man 
who  is  to  speak  to  us  at  this  time;  and  the  best  that  I  can  say  to 
you  is  that  he  is  your  own.  He  will  speak  upon  the  subject,  "  The 
Baptists  and  the  Future  of  Foreign  Missions."  Rev.  William  C. 
Bitting,  D.  D.,  of  Missouri.    (Prolonged  applause.) 

[Doctor  Sitting's  address  is  given  in  full  in  another  place.  (See 
page  158.)  It  abounded  in  epigrammatic  statements,  and  evinced 
great  care  in  the  collection  of  facts  and  massing  them  in  convincing 
conclusions.     Its  points  were  received  with  applause,  and  as  a  state- 

49 


The  Judson  Centennial 


ment  of  missionary  policy  it  has  wide  significance  and  should  be 
studied  carefully.  It  was  of  centennial  caliber,  and  will  furnish 
material  for  the  coming  Baptist  historian.] 

The  President.  We  will  sing  the  hymn  printed  on  the  pro- 
gram. This  hymn  was  written  especially  for  this  occasion  by  Rev. 
J.  M.  Lyons,  of  Germantown,  Pa.,  eighty-six  years  of  age.  The 
first  stanza  contains  a  reminiscence  of  Grant's  troups  cheering  him  as 
he  passed  by  the  lines  in  the  terrible  but  victorious  campaign  of  1864. 
(See  program,  page  249.) 

SENDING   OUT   THE    MISSIONARY    REENFORCEMENTS 

Now  came  one  of  the  features  instinct  with  human  interest.  The 
platform  was  occupied  by  young  men  and  women  who  were  soon  to 
go  out  as  missionaries,  and  who  came  to  give  their  witness  to  the 
missionary  call.  Such  personal  testimonies  never  fail  to  reach  the 
heart.  The  applause  that  greeted  the  speakers  was  the  means  of 
revealing  the  keen  interest  which  the  audience  took  in  them.  This 
part  of  the  exercises  was  in  charge  of  Secretary  Haggard,  who  has 
conducted  it  for  many  years  at  the  Foreign  Society's  Anniversaries. 

The  President.  Next  on  the  program  is  the  sending  out  of  mis- 
sionary reenforcements.  This  will  be  in  charge  of  Rev.  Fred  P. 
Haggard,  of  Boston.     (Applause.) 

Doctor  Haggard.  Mr.  Chairman:  In  previous  years  this  exercise 
has  marked  the  climax  of  the  annual  meeting  of  the  Foreign  Mis- 
sion Society.  It  was  with  some  reluctance  that  the  Society  con- 
sented that  the  Convention  might  have  these  young  people  on  its  pro- 
gram. There  was  only  one  other  exercise  that  might  possibly  take  its 
place  in  our  thought,  and  that  is  the  exercise  which  we  shall  have 
to-morrow  evening  in  the  final  address  of  Dr.  John  R.  Mott.  The 
names  on  the  program  before  you  are  the  complete  Hst  for  the  year. 
There  is  a  supplemental  list  in  your  hands,  namely,  the  list  of  those 
who  are  actually  present  with  us,  for  you  will  see  that  some  have 
already  sailed;  others,  because  of  the  fact  that  they  are  not  to  sail 
this  year,  are  not  here,  attending  commencement  or  teaching  school, 
engaged  in  one  way  or  another.  One  was  called  away  who  had  ex- 
pected to  be  here.  We  have,  however,  these  friends  with  us.  But 
before  you  hear  them  I  want  you  to  note  particularly  the  statistics 
found  on  the  fourth  page  of  the  leaflet,  giving  you  the  figures  repre- 
senting the  number  of  men  and  women  who  have  gone  out,  sent  out 
by  the  Society  since  the  year  1865.     (See  page  284.)     The  figures  for 

50 


v<  2 


The  Judson  Centennial 


1914  would  read  across  the  page  eleven  men,  eight  wives,  seven  single 
women,  and  then  the  total,  twenty-six. 

There  are  just  two  facts  that  I  would  mention  before  these  young 
people  are  introduced.  One  is  that  we  do  not  have  to  place  stars 
and  daggers  before  the  names  of  our  young  women  appointees  now 
as  we  used  to  do,  a  star  representing  the  appointees  of  the  Eastern 
Society  and  the  dagger  representing  the  appointees  of  the  Western 
Society.  We  have  one  Woman's  American  Baptist  Foreign  Mission 
Society.     (Great  applause.) 

Another  fact — that  the  Foreign  Mission  Society,  the  so-called  Gen- 
eral Society,  also  now  appoints  women,  for  special  reasons ;  for  ex- 
ample, to  the  Bengal-Orissa  field.  Then  you  will  find  on  the  program 
those  who  are  representatives  of  the  Woman's  Society  and  women  who 
are  representatives  of  the  General  Society.  But  to-night,  as  I  hope 
always  in  the  future,  we  are  one  in  thought,  in  sympathy,  one  in  our 
bonds  of  fellowship  upon  the  field,  as  the  representatives  of  these 
several  organizations  work  together  in  these  distant  stations. 

These  friends  have  been  asked  to  speak  of  themselves.  There  is 
no  apology  for  this  request  made  to  them.  They  will  not  apologize 
for  it.  You  prefer  to  have  them,  I  am  sure,  speak  of  themselves,  of 
their  heart's  desires,  of  their  personal  experiences,  and  they  shall 
now  be  introduced  to  you  one  by  one.  Their  message  will  be  brief, 
but  it  will  come  from  the  heart,  and  if  you  have  the  experience  of 
those  who  have  heard  these  testimonies  in  years  gone  by,  you  will 
go  from  this  house  to-night  profoundly  moved  by  the  grandeur  of 
this  work  and  by  the  personnel  of  those  who  are  giving  themselves 
to  it. 

THE    WORDS    OF    OUTGOING    MISSIONARIES 

The  first  to  speak  to  you  will  be  Mr.  Van  Horn,  and  he  will  not 
come  alone.  Miss  Owells,  his  fiancee,  will  stand  .by  him  here. 
(Applause.) 

Mr.  Clarence  E.  Van  Horn.  A  vision  of  a  need  constitutes  a 
call  to  fill  that  need.  That  has  been  the  great  thought  that  has  been 
the  motive  power  in  my  life  ever  since  I  became  a  Christian.  This 
thought  came  to  me  from  my  father,  who  always  told  us  children  at 
home  when  we  were  young  that  whatever  we  saw  that  needed  to  be 
done,  it  was  our  place  to  do  it.  I  never  realized  at  the  time  that 
that  would  have  in  later  years  a  religious  application,  but  after 
graduating  from  college  and  having  taught  for  a  year,  there  came  to 
me  a  vision  of  the  need,  a  need  out  in  Burma,  in  our  Rangoon  Bap- 

»  51 


The  Judson  Centennial 


tist  College,  and  because  I  felt  that  possibly  I  might  be  able  to  do 
something  to  meet  that  need  I  volunteered  to  become  a  foreign  mis- 
sionary. And  by  the  grace  of  God  I  stand  before  you  to-night  ready 
and  willing  to  do  all  that  I  can  to  meet  that  need  in  the  foreign  field. 
I  thank  you.     (Applause.) 

Miss  Alice  M.  Owells.  It  is  with  great  joy  that  we  go  to  Ran- 
goon, and  it  is  my  hope  that  we  may  be  faithful  in  our  work  for  the 
Lord.     (Applause.) 

Doctor  Haggard.  It  is  a  great  privilege  a  secretary  has  to  meet 
these  young  people  in  different  parts  of  the  country.  I  well  remem- 
ber the  day  when  Miss  Owells  met  with  the  committee  and  myself  in 
Chicago.  Doctor  Hunt  is  now  the  candidate  secretary,  and  he  has 
that  privilege,  and  yet  all  of  us  share  in  it,  that  blessed  work  of 
hunting  out,  of  hearing  these  young  people  and  talking  with  them  re- 
garding their  plans  and  their  life-work.  We  will  next  hear  Mr.  Ray- 
mond N.  Crawford.     (Applause.) 

Mr.  Raymond  N.  Crawford.  My  call  comes  to  me  from  the  verse 
of  the  Lord's  Prayer  which  we  use  in  almost  every  church  service 
which  we  hold,  "  Thy  kingdom  come ;  thy  will  be  done  on  earth  as  it 
is  in  heaven.'"  Thus  my  call  is  a  double  one.  The  kingdom  has  not 
come  on  earth.  Men  are  not  brothers  as  they  should  be.  Suffering 
and  misery  mark  large  sections  of  the  world,  and  just  as  when  you 
see  a  child  toddling  in  front  of  a  trolley  car  you  cannot  help  but 
jump  to  save  him,  so,  it  seems  to  me,  one  who  realizes  that  whole 
civilizations  are  demanding  help  cannot  help  putting  himself  into 
the  gap. 

Then  there  is  the  other  call.  Why  is  it  that  the  philosophy  of  some 
religions  is  such  that  the  people  have  as  their  greatest  hope,  not  Him, 
but  Nirvana — nothing,  oblivion  ?  Is  it  not  a  reflection  of  conditions 
about  them  and  of  their  idea  of  God?  And  so  if  this  is  their  phil- 
osophy and  religion,  why  should  not  a  man  go  to  take  them  the 
message  of  Jesus  Christ  and  the  great  All-father  of  love  ?    (Applause.) 

Doctor  Haggard.  I  am  sure  you  appreciate  the  effort  of  these 
young  people  to  keep  within  two  minutes.  If  they  do  their  work  on. 
the  field  as  effectively  as  they  are  doing  this,  we  shall  hear  from  them 
in  the  years  to  come.  We  will  next  hear  Mr.  Stallings.  He  is 
assigned,  as  you  will  notice,  to  Assam.  There  is  still  some  question 
as  to  whether  he  will  go  to  Assam  this  year  or  not,  but  he  is  to  go 
ultimately. 

Mr.  William  H.  Stallings.  I  am  going  to  begin  just  where  I 
left  off  this  morning.     I  only  had  ten  minutes,  and  I   should  have 


52 


The  Judson  Centennial 


had  twenty.  I  am  thinking  just  now  of  the  list  I  have  here  in  my 
little  black  book  of  the  people  who  are  going  to  be  applying  to  our 
missionary  societies  to  go  to  the  field  next  year.  The  list  on  the 
sheet  comprises  those  who  have  already  been  appointed,  and  there 
is  another  list  just  as  large  as  that  who  are  going  to  be  asking  for 
appointment  with  might  and  main  during  the  next  twelve  or  fifteen 
months.  And  as  we  go  about  raising  this  debt  let  us  keep  that  in 
mind,  because  unless  we  do  we  will  come  up  to  the  close  of  this  year 
and  we  will  have  a  debt  to  raise  that  is  bigger  than  the  one  we  have 
this  year;  and  my  prayer  is  that  next  year  when  we  close  up  we  will 
have  money  enough  and  more,  so  that  we  may  be  able  to  send  more 
missionaries  than  we  have  applying  to  our  Boards,  although  twenty- 
five  or  more  may  make  application.     I  thank  you.     (Applause.) 

Doctor  H.\ggard.  You  see.  he  didn't  need  twenty  minutes,  after 
all;  he  made  a  pretty  good  speech  in  one  minute.  Mr.  and  Mrs. 
Bergman.  I  wish  you  might  have  seen  the  little  Bergman  that  they 
brought  with  them  when  they  came  to  receive  appointment  by  the 
Board. 

Mr.  Godfrey  L.  Bergman.  He  is  the  best  member  of  the  family. 
It  is  too  bad  he  is  not  here.  Doctor  Haggard  told  us  we  should  have 
three  minutes;  now  he  has  cut  us  down  to  two.  I  am  going  to  be  a 
foreign  missionary,  first  of  all,  because  I  am  an  American;  because 
I  love  our  American  institutions ;  because  I  love  our  American  ideals ; 
because  I  have  a  deep  place  in  my  heart  for  our  American  principles. 
Some  of  my  friends  cannot  understand  why  I  go.  It  is  not  strange 
to  me  when  I  think  that  my  grandparents  came  here  from  Germany 
in  search  of  a  broader  opportunity  in  life,  and  that  I,  two  gener- 
ations later,  should  have  just  a  bit  of  the  same  zvandciiust  in  my 
soul  to  go  out,  not  to  get,  but  to  give.  But  not  only  that — I  am  going 
because  I  ,am  a  Christian,  because  I  believe  my  Lord  and  Saviour 
wants  me  on  the  foreign  field.  I  am  going  over  because  I  believe  that 
the  great  problem  of  the  foreign  field  is  sin,  individual  and  social ; 
because  I  want  to  be  a  Jesus  Christ's  man  in  Burma,  for  which  I 
sail  next  fall.  And  then  in  the  last  place  and  not  least,  I  am 
going  because  I  am  a  Baptist;  but  as  Doctor  Bitting  has  used  his 
sixty  minutes  so  well  on  that  subject,  I  will  just  say,  "  Them  are  my 
sentiments  too,"  and  close  with  that.     (Applause.) 

Mrs.  Godfrey  L.  Bergman.  Eight  years  ago  I  caught  a  vision  of 
the  great  need  of  the  world,  and  also  a  vision  of  my  Saviour  and  all 
that  he  had  done  for  me.  Then  there  arose  in  my  heart  a  new  love 
for  him  and  a  great  longing  to  go  out  and  help  meet  that  need,  to 


53 


The  Judson  Centennial 


go  out  in  the  dark  places  of  the  earth,  and  make  known  his  name  to 
those  who  do  not  know  it.  I  am  so  happy  to-night  that  it  is  our 
privilege  to  go  out  this  year  to  Burma,  and  I  cannot  conceive  of 
greater  joy  than  telling  the  story  of  Jesus  and  his  love  to  those  who 
do  not  know  him.  And  I  only  pray  that  God  may  make  me  worthy 
to  have  a  share  in  this  great  work.     (Applause.) 


THE  JOY   OF  SACRIFICIAL   SERVICE 

Doctor  Haggard.  Please  note  on  the  back  of  your  programs  the 
names  of  those  who  express  any  unhappiness  at  the  thought  of  going. 
But  as  these  all  now  speak  of  joy — whether  they  speak  of  it  or  not,  it 
is  in  their  hearts — so  you  may  know  that  in  the  years  to  come  as  you 
hear  from  the  fields  of  separations,  of  hardships,  of  trials  even  unto 
death,  even  during  those  days  joy  will  be  still  in  their  hearts, 
for  it  will  be.  These  people  are  just  like  those  who  have  gone  forth 
in  former  days.  There  are  Judsons  here,  Adonirams  and  Anns,  and 
we  shall  hear  from  them.  I  want  you  to  note  on  your  program  as 
we  go  along,  these  people,  and  check  them ;  pray  for  them,  put  them 
on  your  prayer  calendar.  You  know  them  now;  you  can  pray  more 
intelligently  for  them.  Miss  Carter  next.  I  am  asked  just  to  make  a 
correction  regarding  Miss  Carter.  She  comes  from  WoUaston  instead 
of  Medford,  and  she  had  the  privilege  of  attending  among  her  other 
schools — for  there  is  quite  a  list  of  them — the  Gordon  School. 

Miss  Omie  E.  Carter.  When  I  commenced  my  hospital  training 
I  was  a  "  Farther  Light "  girl.  Nurses  in  a  hospital  do  not  have 
much  time  to  attend  Farther  Light  meetings,  but  I  did  go  to  one  of 
the  meetings,  and  they  gave  me  the  pledge  to  sign.  I  carried  that 
pledge  back  to  the  hospital,  or  the  last  part  of  it,  where  "  We  grate- 
fully pledge  ourselves  to  give  more  time,  money,  and  prayer  that 
upon  those  that  live  in  the  darkness  and  under  the  power  of  death 
the  light  may  shine."  A  pupil  nurse  in  a  hospital  does  not  have 
very  much  time ;  she  does  not  have  very  much  money.  We  all  can 
give  some  more  money  than  we  do.  She  can  pray.  But  the  time  was 
the  thing  that  bothered  me  most,  and  I  was  very  anxious  to  sign  that 
pledge,  but  I  knew  God  understood,  and  if  he  wanted  me  to  give 
more  time  he  would  make  it  possible.  He  has  made  it  possible  now, 
and  I  hope  to  spend  the  rest  of  my  life  among  the  Garos  in  Assam, 
and  by  ministering  to  those  people  show  them  a  little  of  the  love 
which  is  a  reflection  of  the  great  Divine  love  through  which  I  hope 
to  bring  them  to  their  Saviour.     (Applause.) 

54 


The  Judson  Centennial 


Doctor  Haggard.  We  will  next  hear  Doctor  Weaver,  and  she  is 
so  loyal  to  her  institutions — one  of  them — that  she  wanted  me  to  be 
sure  and  mention  it,  as  it  is  not  on  the  list — The  Baptist  Institute  for 
Christian  Workers  in  Philadelphia.    We  all  know  it.     (Applause.) 

Florence  R.  Weaver,  M.  D.  During  the  story-reading  period  a 
great  desire  came  into  my  heart  to  tell  the  Chinese  about  Jesus. 
Though  I  was  but  ten  years  of  age  I  was  quite  sure  that  the  Lady 
of  the  Lily  Feet  would  be  a  thing  of  the  past  and  that  Chinese 
women  would  be  emancipated  from  their  slavery  could  they  but  know 
my  Jesus.  During  my  girlhood  that  great  desire  was  changed  to  a 
purpose  through  mission  study.  How  could  I  stay  at  home  when  there 
were  millions  of  child-wives  and  widows  in  India?  Listen:  There 
are  thousands  of  girls  in  India  under  ten  years  of  age,  married  to  men 
over  fifty.  Listen :  There  are  thousands  of  girls  in  India  under  ten 
years  of  age  bearing  children.  Listen :  No  male  physician  is  allowed 
to  go  behind  that  veil;  that  is  why  I  studied  medicine.  On  entering 
the  medical  school  I  was  kept  true  to  my  purpose,  in  spite  of  many 
temptations,  by  the  Student  Volunteer  Movement,  because  of  the 
great  vision  of  the  volunteers  with  whom  I  was  associated.  After 
entering  the  hospital  there  were  many  attempts  made  to  keep  me  at 
home,  but  there  were  thirty  in  my  class  in  the  medical  school  to  stay 
at  home  and  do  the  work  here;  there  were  only  three  to  go  to  the  far 
field.  "  Thou  shalt  love  the  Lord  thy  God  with  all  thy  heart,  and 
with  all  thy  soul,  and  with  all  thy  strength,  and  thy  neighbor  as  thy- 
self." Love  means  to  give  yourself.  Thou  shalt  give  thyself  with 
all  thy  heart,  and  with  all  thy  soul,  and  with  all  thy  mind,  and  with 
all  thy  strength,  and  give  thyself  to  thy  neighbor  and  to  God.  Pray 
for  us  that  we  may  give  Christ  the  preeminence.  I  am  going  to 
Nellore,  India.     (Applause.) 

Doctor  Haggard.  Pray  that  a  large  number  of  young  women 
may  be  willing  to  do  what  she  has  done — study  medicine  that  they 
may  go  abroad  as  missionary  teachers.  Within  the  last  two  years 
the  number  of  young  women  giving  themselves  to  this  study  has 
decreased  hundreds  of  per  cent.  We  are  unable  to  explain  this. 
But  we  want  to  make  it  known  that  there  is  great  need  for  women 
physicians  in  the  Far  East. 

three  women  for  bengal-orissa 

And  now  I  am  going  to  introduce  three  women  at  one  time,  for 
they  go  to  the  same  field,  our  newest  one,  Bengal-Orissa.  formerly 


55 


The  Judson  Centennial 


the  Free  Baptist  Mission  field  in  South  India — Miss  Porter,  Mrs. 
Holder,  and  Miss  Ruth  Daniels.     (Applause.) 

Miss  Amorette  Porter.  God  uses  very  small  things  to  lead  people 
to  the  work  he  wants  them  to  do.  In  trying  to  think  of  the  things 
that  led  me  to  this  work  the  first  that  I  think  of  is  the  news-letters 
from  the  field.  A  friend  used  to  give  them  to  me,  and  I  found  out 
then  what  living  missionaries  were  like.  Then  the  paper  which  is 
published  by  the  Free  Baptist  women,  the  Missionary  Helper,  was 
always  an  inspiration  to  me.  There  were  friends  too,  who  had  wanted 
to  go  out  and  could  not.  They  helped,  me  toward  it.  Then  there 
were  three  whom  I  knew  who  are  already  there  in  the  very  field  to 
which  I  expect  to  go.  One  is  finishing  her  fifth  year  in  the  work 
there.  Two  whom  I  knew  in  college  have  been  there  now  for  two 
years,  and  I  am  glad  to  go  out  to  the  work  that  they  are  doing, 
that  I  have  looked  forward  to  so  long.  I  want  to  see  the  joy-light 
coming  in  the  faces  out  there.     (Applause.) 

Mrs.  Ida  M.  Holder.  I  was  born  in  a  large  missionary  family 
in  India.  There  are  eight  of  us  children  in  the  family,  and  I  was 
brought  up  on  missionary  stories,  and  from  my  earliest  childhood  my 
great  desire  was  to  go  to  the  little  widows  of  India,  of  whom  there  are 
twenty-four  million.  When  I  was  in  the  university  I  joined  the 
Volunteer  Band,  but  at  the  end  of  my  course  in  education  I  had  put 
aside  for  several  years  the  thought  of  ever  going,  and  in  fact  in  my 
mind  I  thought  it  was  put  aside  for  ever.  I  spent  two  years  in  high- 
school  work,  and  was  married  two  years  ago.  Our  home  was  an 
unusually  happy  one,  and  we  were  trying  to  uphold  the  Christ  in  our 
every-day  lives  and  in  the  community  where  we  lived,  amongst 
foreign  people.  But  it  seemed  that  God  had  other  plans  for  us.  It 
was  just  a  year  ago  this  month  that  my  husband  met  his  death,  an 
accidental  death,  and  of  course  it  seemed  to  me  that  there  was 
nothing  left  for  me.  But  I  always  remember  my  brother,  who  came 
to  me  then  and  said,  "  My  sister,  if  you  keep  very  close  to  the  Master 
now,  I  am  sure  that  he  will  show  you  his  plan  for  your  life."  And 
I  promised  him  that  I  would  go  anywhere  that  he  wanted  me  to  go. 
It  was  just  a  month  from  then  that  the  letter  came  from  the  president 
of  the  Free  Baptist  Women's  Board,  asking  me  if  I  would  go  to 
India.  I  was  surprised  when  the  letter  came,  but  it  was  simply  God's 
answer  to  my  prayer.  The  way  was  opened,  and  I  knew  the  need. 
What  reason  could  I  give  to  my  Lord  and  Master  for  not  going? 
The  women  and  the  children  of  Texas  have  made  it  possible  for  me  to 
go,  and  I  am  glad,  and  in  September  I  take  my  little  daughter,  who 

56 


The  Judson  Centennial 


is  not  eight  months  old,  to  India.  I  go  as  a  humble  missionary  from 
the  women  of  America  to  take  the  glad  tidings  to  the  women  of  India, 
and  I  hope  that  God  may  be  able  to  use  me.     (Applause.) 

Miss  Ruth  Daniels.  Years  ago,  when  I  was  in  high  school,  it 
seemed  to  me  that  God  wanted  me  to  give  my  will  entirely  to  him, 
and  after  days  of  struggle  and  doubt  I  felt  that  I  was  willing  to  do 
anything  that  I  might  have  God's  best.  And  since  then  I  have  had 
trials  and  other  problems  and  a  good  many  failures,  but  I  have 
always  determined,  always  renewed  this  determination,  to  do  what 
Christ  planned  for  me,  and  it  seems  now  that  his  plan  is  India. 

There  is  one  thing  I  want  to  say,  and  that  is  that  it  makes  me 
very  humble  when  I  think  of  the  sacrifices  of  some  people  I  know 
who  are  making  it  possible  for  me  to  go.  I  know  of  one  man  who  is 
very  poor  who  has  given  five  dollars,  and  he  said  to  me,  "  Now,  I 
can  be  preaching  in  India."  And  I  thought,  "  I  am  only  going  to 
be  a  part,  and  he  is  going  to  be  another  part."  And  I  know  a  woman 
who  is  going  to  give  fifty  cents  a  week,  and  she  has  a  small  salary 
and  supports  a  mother  and  a  brother.  It  makes  me  feel  as  if  I  was 
only  a  small  part  and  I  would  have  to  do  a  great  deal  in  order  to 
make  their  money  count. 

If  I  was  to  say  what  is  deepest  in  my  heart  it  would  be  to  say 
whatever  I  shall  do,  the  greater  part  of  it,  I  am  sure,  should  be 
credited  to  my  mother  and  father,  for  I  am  an  only  child,  and  they 
have  made  it  possible  and  pleasant  for  me  to  go.     (Applause.) 

Doctor  Haggard.  This  mother  came  with  her  daughter  from 
Michigan  to  Boston.  She  has  gone  back.  I  shall  next  call  upon  Mr, 
McGlashan  ;  destination,  South  China.     (Applause.) 

"to  win  chin.\  for  Christ" 

Mr.  Archibald  D.  McGlashan.  It  is  with  a  strange  sense  of  joy 
that  one  comes  to  an  hour  like  this.  We  are  deeply  thankful  to  you 
that  you  have  made  it  possible  for  us  to  be  here  to-night.  We  pray 
God's  blessing  upon  you.  We  pray  that  we  may  not  be  false  to  the 
trust  that  you  have  placed  upon  us. 

The  reason  I  am  here  to-night,  as  far  as  past  history  is  concerned, 
is  due  to  Christian  parentage.  Christian  home  training,  and  Christian 
education.  But  as  I  stand  here  to-night  and  look  forward  to  going 
to  China,  there  are  three  things  that  make  me  want  to  go.  They 
are  simple.  First,  I  am  a  Christian.  I  am  not  all  that  word  Christian 
means,  but  I  am  a  follower  of  the  Christ.    I  have  experienced  in  my 

57 


The  Judson  Centennial 


own  soul  the  joy,  the  strength,  and  the  hope  that  he  alone  has  to 
give  to  us  who  come  to  him. 

I  think,  secondly,  that  we  are  all  of  one  blood,  of  whatever  color 
our  face  may  be,  and  that  as  Christ  can  satisfy  the  deepest  yearnings 
of  my  heart  and  means  most  to  me  as  I  look  forward  to  the  future,  so 
he  can  satisfy  the  yearnings  and  mean  most  to  every  other  creature 
wherever  he  may  be  or  whatever  may  be  his  history.  And  since 
it  is  good  for  me,  I  wish  he  had  that  same  great  confidence,  not  only 
the  hope  that  is  beyond,  but  the  strength  and  the  steadying  power 
in  his  daily  life. 

And  thirdly,  since  every  individual  should  have  this  Christ  and 
since  there  are  individuals  outside  of  the  United  States,  it  is  the  duty 
of  some  of  us  to  go  abroad  to  give  it  there.  As  I  look  over  that 
Chinese  Empire  with  its  hundreds  of  walled  cities,  cities  large  enough 
to  be  walled,  where  there  is  no  preaching  of  the  gospel,  and  perhaps 
not  a  village  in  this  country  where  there  are  not  some  who  know  of 
Jesus,  I  somehow  feel  that  it  is  my  duty  to  tell  some  of  them  about 
Jesus,  to  let  that  power  come  into  their  lives,  and  then  let  them  be 
the  center  of  an  evangelistic  force  that  is  to  bring  that  section  of 
China  to  Christ. 

I  cannot  help  but  feel  to-night  that  God  has  been  reserving  that 
wonderful  race  through  all  these  years,  longer  than  the  history  of  our 
own  Bible,  for  a  tremendous  destiny.  And  I  believe  that  now  as 
never  before  is  the  time  for  us  of  Christian  America  to  send  forth 
our  hundreds,  instead  of  our  tens,  of  men  and  women  into  that  coun- 
try and  win  great  China  for  Christ,  that  China  may  help  us  save 
America.  We  love  America  none  the  less  because  we  go;  I  believe 
we  love  it  more.  You  love  China  none  the  less  because  many  of  you 
must  stay;  perhaps  you  love  it  more.  We  come  to  the  world  with 
one  great  love,  and  together  we  go  forth  arm  in  arm  to  help  to  lay 
the  world  at  the  feet  of  Jesus  Christ.  May  nothing  keep  us  from 
doing  our  utmost  to  realize  his  passion  for  this  work.     (Applause.) 

Doctor  Haggard.  Miss  CuUey  goes  to  South  China.  She  will 
speak  to  us. 

Miss  Mabelle  R.  Culley.  Do  you  believe  in  answered  prayer? 
That  is  just  why  I  am  here — because  father  and  mother  prayed,  be- 
cause godly  friends  have  been  praying  that  some  one  would  go  to 
the  Swatow  school.  You  know  that  school  has  been  closed,  the  first 
time  in  its  history  of  over  fifty  years,  and  waiting  now  for  me  to 
come  and  open  it.  Some  one  has  told  me  that  since  the  government 
has  organized  girls'  schools  in  China  they  want  the  graduates  of  our 

58 


The  Judson  Centennial 


girls'  schools  to  come  and  teach  in  the  government  schools.  But  do 
you  know,  our  girls  would  not  go,  and  why?  Because  they  could  not 
have  one  hour's  study  of  the  Bible  in  the  government  school.  That 
is  the  type  of  girl  we  want  for  our  Swatow  school.  Will  you  pray 
that  God  and  I  can  bring  about  just  that  kind  of  girl  from  Swatow? 
(Applause.) 

Doctor  Haggard.  Think  of  Miss  Culley  as  being  the  sister  of 
Mrs.  Lewis,  the  superintendent  of  the  Home  for  Missionaries'  Chil- 
dren at  Morgan  Park,  she  herself  having  been  a  missionary  in 
West  China  with  her  husband  until  his  death.  She  is  now  living  at 
Morgan  Park  with  her  four  little  children,  caring  for  other  mission- 
aries' children. 

A  note  comes  to  the  desk  containing  this  very  significant  statement : 

"Mrs.  Holder,  who  has  just  spoken  to  us,  who  is  to  go  out  with 

her  little  girl  to  the  Bengal-Orissa  field,  is  the  granddaughter  of  the 

founder  of  the  Bengal-Orissa  Mission,  and  that  family  has  given  374 

years  of  missionary  service."     (Applause.) 

DEDICATED   FROM    BIRTH 

I  will  now  present  Mr.  Hanson,  with  his  fiancee,  Miss  Parks. 
(Applause.)  It  was  in  Des  Moines,  when  the  anniversaries  were 
held  there,  that  we  had  our  first  good  conference  with  Mr.  Hanson. 
I  am  glad  to  have  him  with  us  to-night  at  the  completion  of  his 
preparation. 

Mr.  Victor  Hanson.  My  parents  came  from  Europe  to  the 
Western  plains,  to  the  prairies,  in  order  that  they  might  better  their 
conditions  of  living,  but  before  they  found  much  gold  they  found 
God,  and  in  their  consecration  they  dedicated  their  firstborn  to  the 
missionary  service.  I  did  not  know  of  that  until  Mr.  Haggard  told 
me  about  it  a  year  or  two  ago.  They  had  never  spoken  to  me  of  it. 
We  were  completely  isolated  in  that  community.  My  family  settled 
in  a  community  of  their  own  nationality.  We  did  not  have  any  con- 
tact with  the  outside  world,  and  the  first  that  I  recall  was  that  brought 
to  us  by  Reverend  Nelson,  a  missionary  from  the  Congo,  who  has 
since  died.  I  was  seven  years  old  when  I  sat  listening  to  him — I 
suppose  he  did  not  see  me  down  between  the  high  benches,  but  I 
became  a  volunteer  that  evening  as  he  talked  of  the  mission  to 
Africa.  I  never  forgot  it  as  I  led  off,  the  first  from  that  community 
to  attend  high  school  and  college  and  so  on.  As  I  went  on  with  my 
college  work  I  felt  that  I  must  reexamine  this  purpose  which  had  so 

59 


The  Judson  Centennial 


early  come  to  me,  and  I  felt  that  I  must  identify  myself  with  some 
great  cause,  for  only  that  could  make  life  have  meaning,  and  I  am 
puzzled  now  that  it  took  me  so  long  to  realize  that  it  was  possible 
for  me  to  identify  myself  with  universal  humanity,  and  now  it  is 
that  that  brings  to  me  a  reaffirmation  of  my  missionary  purpose,  the 
very  center  of  which  is  to  bring  to  the  human  need  the  greatest  satis- 
faction and  the  greatest  power  of  salvation  that  I  know,  the  religion 
of  Jesus  Christ.     (Applause.) 

Miss  Lucia  M.  Parks.  I  am  glad  of  the  privilege  to  invest  my 
life  in  new  China.     (Applause.) 

Doctor  Haggard.  I  shall  never  forget  the  day  in  Des  Moines 
when  Mr.  Hanson's  father  and  mother  sought  me  out  and  said :  "  We 
have  a  son  whom  we  would  like  to  give  to  the  foreign  mission  work. 
He  was  dedicated  to  that  work  when  he  was  born.  We  have  never 
told  him  that,  but  he  has  himself  found  that  purpose  in  his  own  heart 
and  we  want  to  bring  him  to  you  this  afternoon."  He  is  here 
to-night.     (Great  applause.) 

We  will  next  hear  Miss  Alice  Bixby. 

Miss  Alice  C.  Bixby.  I  know  you  will  all  congratulate  me  when 
you  know  that  I  am  going  to  Yokohama,  to  our  splendid  Mary  Colby 
School  for  Girls  with  their  dear  Miss  Converse,  and  I  do  indeed  con- 
sider it  a  cause  for  congratulation  and  the  greatest  privilege  in  my 
life  that  I  can  go  there  and  help.  One  of  the  most  beautiful  ways  that 
God  has  given  us  of  expressing  the  emotions  of  the  heart  and  the  soul 
is  through  music,  and  better  than  that,  it  is  a  universal  language, 
for  our  old  hymn,  "  Nearer,  my  God,  to  thee,"  would  strike  the  same 
chord  in  our  heart  whether  an  Italian,  a  Russian,  a  Chinese,  or  an 
Englishman,  or  an  American  should  sing  it. 

"  I  waited  patiently  for  the  Lord,  and  he  inclined  unto  me,  and 
heard  my  cry.  He  brought  me  up  also  out  of  a  horrible  pit,  out  of 
the  miry  clay,  and  set  my  feet  upon  a  rock,  and  established  my  goings. 
And  he  has  put  a  new  song  in  my  mouth,  even  praise  unto  our  God. 
Many  shall  see  it,  and  fear,  and  shall  trust  in  the  Lord."  We  know 
that  he  has  saved  thousands  and  thousands  in  this  country,  and  he 
has  saved  thousands  across  the  seas;  but  there  are  millions  yet  in 
darkness,  and  it  is  the  great  desire  of  my  life  that  I  may  help  put 
this  new  song  in  the  hearts  and  on  the  lips  of  the  Japanese  girls. 
(Applause.) 

Doctor  Haggard.  Miss  Bennett,  who  also  goes  to  Japan.  You  will 
see  her  name  on  the  list,  but  the  designation  is  blank.  Just  write  in, 
"  Japan." 

60 


The  Judson  Centennial 


Miss  Harriet  C.  Bennett.  I  am  very  glad  to  be  at  this  Baptist 
Convention,  for  it  was  twelve  years  ago,  at  the  Northern  Baptist 
Convention  in  St.  Paul,  Minnesota,  that  I  received  the  inspiration 
to  make  my  definite  purpose  to  go  as  a  foreign  missionary  to  Japan. 
Ever  since  then  the  path  has  been  very  easy  for  me,  because  my 
father  and  mother  were  missionaries  in  Japan  for  thirty  years,  and  I 
was  born  there,  so  that  it  gives  me  the  very  greatest  pleasure  you 
can  imagine  to  go  back  to  my  own,  my  native  land.  And  I  hope 
that  I  may  be  able  to  teach  my  countrywomen  there  "  the  greatest 
thing  in  the  world."     (Applause.) 

Doctor  Haggard.  She  is  not  like  the  Irishman,  of  whom  Doctor 
Eaton  told  us  at  the  Social  Union  not  long  since,  who  was  born  in 
New  York  and  referred  to  the  fact  that  he  was  born  out  of  his 
native  land.  Mr.  Rodgers,  whose  name  is  on  the  list,  and  who  should 
have  been  here,  was  called  home  by  the  illness  of  his  mother.  In 
view  of  this  and  the  fact  that  he  has  only  a  few  days  of  preparation 
for  his  journey  to  the  Congo  he  is  absent.  Next  is  Mr.  Long. 
(Applause.) 

Mr.  Herbert  C.  Long.  I  was  brought  up  in  a  Christian  home. 
I  never  had  any  very  particular  call  to  go  to  the  foreign  field.  It 
was  only  after  much  consideration  and  much  deliberation  that  I 
finally  decided  to  go,  although  I  believe  that  if  I  had  been  compelled 
to  decide  before  I  did,  I  should  have  decided  to  go  to  the  foreign 
field.  I  think  there  were  two  elements  in  my  call.  The  first  was, 
the  great  need  of  the  foreign  field.  Long  before  I  ever  thought  of 
becoming  a  missionary,  my  heart  was  touched  with  the  stories  of 
the  unfortunate  people  in  other  lands,  and  the  more  I  came  to  know 
the  more  I  came  to  feel  their  great  and  deep  need.  Oh,  the  pathos, 
the  sadness  that  must  come  into  the  hearts  of  those  whose  only  hope — 
and  that  at  best  is  a  very  slim  hope — is  Nirvana,  extinction !  Oh,  the 
terribleness  and  the  dreadfulness  of  the  sin,  the  depth  of  degrada- 
tion that  we  find  in  lands  where  Christ  is  not  known !  I  have  heard 
people  say  that  we  have  just  as  bad  conditions  in  the  slums  of  our 
cities.  Yes,  perhaps  we  have,  but  the  conditions  in  the  worst  parts  of 
our  cities  are  almost  universal  in  foreign  lands. 

And  then  the  other  element  of  this  call  was  the  fact  that  I  had  a 
firm  and  constant  faith  in  the  power  of  Christianity.  I  believe  that 
our  Christ  is  able  to  save  unto  the  uttermost.  And  this  is  not  a  mere 
matter  of  theoretical  belief;  it  is  borne  out  to  me  in  the  facts  of 
nineteen  hundred  years  and  the  cases  of  millions  of  souls.  And  it 
is  because  I  believe  in  a  Christ  who  is  mighty  to  save  that  I  believe 

6i 


The  Judson  Centennial 


in  foreign  missions.  A  great  need  and  a  great  Saviour — that  is  my 
call,  and  God  has  opened  the  way  for  me  to  go,  and  how  can  I  but 
be  glad  to  put  my  service  where  he  wants  it?  I  believe  that  I  shall 
have  far  greater  joy  in  serving  God  in  his  way  than  I  ever  could  in 
mine.     (Applause.) 

Doctor  Haggard.  We  will  hear  from  Mr.  and  Mrs,  Earle.  (Ap- 
plause.) 

MISSIONS   "  IN   THE   BLOOD  " 

Rev.  I.  Newton  Earle,  Jr.  My  great-grandfather  was  a  Baptist 
missionary,  my  grandfather  was  a  Baptist  missionary,  my  father  is  a 
Baptist  missionary,  and  how  can  I  escape  it?  In  case  blood  had  not 
been  sufficient,  I  have  been  brought  up  in  the  church,  I  have  come  to 
maturity  in  the  pew,  and  I  wear  ordained  clothes.  Dear  friends,  I 
have  been  working  with  Mrs.  Earle  for  three  years  among  the  Negroes 
in  New  Orleans,  and  the  privilege  of  facing  a  number  of  people  of 
another  race  is  something  I  cannot  express  to  you  to-night.  I  had  a 
desire  to  go  to  Africa,  but  if  I  cannot  make  it  to  Africa  where  they 
are  black,  I  am  glad  I  can  go  to  the  Philippines  where  they  are  brown. 
The  motive  that  first  took  me  into  the  field  was  the  need  of  the  world 
for  Christ,  but  the  motive  to-night  that  takes  me  into  the  field  is 
because  Jesus  Christ  wants  the  world.     (Applause.) 

Mrs.  Hannah  Glover  Earle.  So  many  people  have  asked  me 
how  I  dare  to  go  and  live  in  a  foreign  country  among  the  heathen — 
that  they  would  be  afraid.  The  question  with  me  has  always  been. 
How  would  I  dare  stay  at  home  ?  I  would  be  afraid  to  stay  at  home. 
All  my  life  I  had  been  going  to  be  a  foreign  missionary  before  I 
knew  what  the  term  involved.  But  as  I  grew  older  and  realized  more 
and  more,  the  desire  became  greater.  When  I  was  a  child  I  heard 
a  speaker  once  say  that  before  entering  the  ministry  a  man  should 
have  a  vision,  and  expecting  then  to  become  a  foreign  missionary 
I  used  to  pray  that  God  would  give  me  a  vision.  It  came,  but  it  was 
so  simple  that  it  was  a  long  time  afterward  before  I  realized  that 
it  was  a  vision.  During  college,  though  I  was  a  Student  Volunteer 
and  had  expressed  my  purpose  to  be  a  foreign  missionary,  there  came 
a  time  when  the  matter  had  to  be  settled  one  way  or  the  other,  and 
in  the  decision  was  involved  also  the  decision  whether  I  would  be  a 
foreign  missionary  or  a  home  missionary,  and  as  I  thought  about  it 
God  gave  me  that  vision.  It  was  only  a  simple  one,  as  I  said;  it 
was  only  a  picture  of  which  I  had  often  heard  missionaries  tell,  and 
of  which  I  had  often  read — the  picture  of  the  Indian  mother  throwing 

62 


The  Judson  Centennial 


her  little  babe  into  the  river.  I  had  always  loved  dolls;  I  had  always 
wanted  children  of  my  own ;  and  when  the  thought  came  that  that 
Indian  mother,  because  of  the  cruelties  of  her  religion,  had  to  give 
up  her  children,  I  could  not  stand  it  to  think  that  in  America  I  should 
have  my  children  and  be  happy  when  she  had  every  bit  as  much  right 
to  be  happy  with  her  children.  When  I  changed  my  name,  I  changed 
the  place  to  which  I  expected  to  go  from  India,  to  where  the  Board 
should  send  my  husband  and  me,  to  the  Philippines.  So  this  fall  I 
expect  to  go  over  with  my  baby  girl — who,  by  the  way,  is  going  to  be 
the  finest  missionary  of  the  three — I  expect  to  go  and  through  the 
medium  of  the  Christian  education  make  the  Filipino  home  happy. 
(Applause.) 

Doctor  Haggard.  I  would  like  to  have  time  to  tell  you  about  the 
Philippine  school  to  which  they  are  going.  They  are  well  equipped, 
as  you  see.  Mrs.  Earle  has  just  received  her  Master's  degree  from 
her  alma  mater,  Bucknell. 

BORN    ON    MISSION    FIELDS 

And  now  there  are  four  more  couples  to  be  introduced.  These 
couples  are  exceedingly  interesting.  The  first  three  are  of  mission 
ancestry.  You  have  already  had  two  such  before  you,  Mrs.  Holder  and 
Miss  Bennett,  but  here  is  Mr.  Royal  Fisher,  whose  father  and  mother 
are  in  Japan ;  Frank  Manley,  with  his  wife — Mr.  and  Mrs.  Manley, 
senior,  are  now  in  South  India;  Archibald  Adams,  whose  widowed 
mother  is  now  in  China,  and  Mrs.  Olive  Mason  Adams,  his  wife, 
whose  father  and  mother,  after  forty  years  in  Assam,  sit  before  m.e. 
Think  of  this  heritage !  Think  of  the  joy  that  they  have  in  following 
in  the  footsteps  of  their  parents.  We  will  hear  first  from  Mr.  and 
Mrs.  Fisher.     (Applause.) 

Mrs.  Josephine  Wray  Fisher.  It  seems  almost  too  good  to  be 
true  to  think  that  in  a  month  we  sail  for  Japan.  I  suppose  you  think 
it  strange  that  I  should  give  any  reasons  for  going  myself,  but  I  am 
glad  to  say  to-night  that  three  years  ago,  two  years  before  I  met  Mr. 
Fisher,  I  joined  the  Student  Volunteer  Band  in  Oberlin  College,  and 
for  two  years  I  was  an  officer  of  the  Band  and  gave  my  whole  life 
to  it.  I  was  glad  to  change  my  plans,  because  I  feel  that  a  Christian 
home  in  a  non-Christian  land  is  the  greatest  influence  there  could 
possibly  be,  and  I  only  hope  and  pray  that  the  chance  which  has  been 
given  to  me  may  be  blessed  of  God. 

Mr.  Royal  H.  Fisher.     I  never  was  consulted  in  my  interest  in 

63 


The  Judson  Centennial 


foreign  missions,  for  I  first  saw  daylight  on  the  mission  field.  But 
I  am  glad  to  come  before  you  to-night  in  the  face  of  almost  an  oath, 
as  a  boy,  between  my  teeth  that,  whatever  happened,  I  would  not  be 
a  foreign  missionary — I  am  glad  to  come  to  you  to-night  and  say  that 
we  are  going  to  Japan  next  July.  The  opportunity  has  come  to  go 
there  to  engage  in  union  educational  work  in  the  enterprise  of  picking 
by  hand  these  Japanese  leaders  that  are  the  great  need  of  the  country 
to-day,  and  with  a  chance  like  that  we  are  indeed  glad  to  go. 

This  missionary  decision  is  rather  a  cold-blooded  affair,  after  all. 
It  is  just  a  matter  of  investment;  and  we  have  been  trying  to  find 
the  place  where  our  lives  would  cash  in  at  the  biggest  figure  in  the 
currency  of  the  kingdom  of  God,  and  for  us  that  has  meant  Japan. 
Why  are  we  going?  Well,  simply  because  you  could  not  hire  us  to 
stay  at  home. 

Doctor  Haggard.  I  am  reminded  that  the  next  couple  are  not  Mr. 
and  Mrs.  Manley,  but  Mr.  Manley  and  Miss  Argo.  (Applause.)  Mr. 
Manley  is  one  of  nine  children,  all  born  in  South  India  but  one.  He 
was  born  in  South  India. 

Mr.  Francis  P.  Manley.  In  a  very  real  sense  I  am  going  home 
when  I  look  forward  to  going  to  India.  Let  me  tell  you  of  a  day 
that  my  father  started  for  America  with  me.  It  was  at  night,  be- 
cause we  always  travel  at  night  there  when  we  can  with  any  reason- 
able degree  of  convenience.  I  shall  never  forget  the  row  of  faces 
that  I  sawi  in  the  lantern  light  as  I  was  saying  good-bye  to  my 
boyhood  friends.  They  were  just  ordinary  boys,  such  as  we  know  in 
this  country,  though  they  didn't  dress  as  our  boys  do  and  though  they 
didn't  look  the  same  color  as  our  boys  do.  They  were  boys  that  I 
had  gone  fishing  with,  that  I  had  played  games  with,  my  only  com- 
panions. I  shall  never  forget  the  row  of  faces  in  the  lantern-light, 
faces  shining  with  their  own  tears,  and  I  shall  never  forget  the  feel- 
ing of  those  tears  on  my  own  face  as  they  kissed  me  good-bye  in  the 
impulsive  Oriental  fashion  and  plead  with  me  to  come  back  to  them. 
They  are  my  people,  they  want  me  to  come  back,  and  I  want  to  go 
home.  But  more  than  that  and  above  that,  as  was  said  at  Kansas 
City,  there  stands  One  among  them  with  pierced  hands,  saying, 
"  Come  over  and  help  us."  I  want  to  go  home ;  I  want  to  go  back  to 
those  people  that  seem  to  me  like  my  own  people.  But  more  than 
that,  I  want  to  follow  the  beckoning  of  the  pierced  hands,  the  beckon- 
ing that  to  me  is  in  the  direction  of  India.     (Applause.) 

Doctor  Haggard.    Miss  Argo,  of  the  Gordon  School.     (Applause.) 

Miss  Edith  A.  Argo.    I  have  felt  the  leading  of  the  Lord  Jesus'  love 

64 


The  Judson  Centennial 


ever  since  he  first  put  it  into  my  heart  when  I  was  a  very  small  child. 
It  has  led  me  on  through  my  two  years  of  high  school  and  into  Deni- 
son  College.  I  only  mention  that  because  it  was  one  of  the  greatest 
mile-stones  in  leading  me  into  the  missionary  work.  It  is  a  western 
hotbed  of  Christianity  and  missions.  And  then  the  Lord  led  me, 
through  ways  I  could  not  understand  at  the  time,  away  from  home 
and  into  the  Gordon  School,  and  here  I  have  felt  the  power,  not  of 
being  led,  but  of  being  sent.  I  feel  that  I  can  say  with  Paul,  "  Press 
on."     (Applause.) 

Doctor  Haggard.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Adams — and  as  they  rise  think 
of  them  as  one  of  the  couples  unable  to  go  out  this  year  for  lack  of 
funds. 

Mrs.  Olive  Mason  Adams.  In  an  address  last  night  a  speaker 
said  that  one  of  the  needs  of  China  is  for  Christian  homes.  I  hope 
to  go,  and  I  have  been  planning  to  go  to  China  to  make  one  of  these 
Christian  homes,  and  to  be  a  help  and  example  for  the  people  of 
China.  Besides,  I  am  glad  that  I  am  a  daughter  of  missionaries, 
because  the  people  of  other  countries  do  not  seem  to  me  as  a  mass 
but  as  individuals,  and  I  want  to  go  to  take  to  them  something  that 
they  have  not  got.     (Applause.) 

And  now  occurred  one  of  the  unexpected  and  thrilling  incidents  of 
the  Centennial,  in  the  next  address,  which  was  delivered  with  an 
intensity  of  feeling  that  swept  the  audience  off  its  feet.  Mr.  Adams 
is  a  manly,  strong,  winsome  young  fellow.  He  took  this  as  his  one 
chance. 

THE   SPEECH    THAT   BROUGHT    MONEY   TO    SEND   THEM    OUT 

Mr.  Archibald  G.  Adams.  Those  of  you  who  know  me  might 
expect  and  should  expect  my  face,  our  faces,  to  be  shining  with  the 
joy  of  anticipation  to-night.  But  they  are  not,  because  our  hearts  are 
heavy.  We  cannot  go.  And  this  is  the  disappointment  of  life's  am- 
bition. In  the  face  of  these  facts,  friends — we  are  born  and  bred 
Baptists,  the  children  of  Baptist  missionaries,  our  parents  forty  years 
each  spending  their  lives  in  the  service  of  the  Master  in  the 
Baptist  Mission.  We  first  saw  daylight  in  the  Baptist  homes  on 
the  Baptist  "  far-flung  battle-line."  We  together  entered  the  Baptist 
home  for  the  children  of  missionaries  to  which  you  give  money, 
for  which  you  pray.  We  have  both  been  to  a  great  Baptist  college, 
Denison  University,  and  there  we  have  studied,  one  of  us  graduating 
with  the  degree  of  bachelor  of  arts;  a  college  for  which  you  have 
prayed  and  given  your  money.    We  have  gone  through  Baptist  sem- 

65 


The  Judson  Centennial 


inaries  and  training  schools,  the  Gordon  School,  and  the  Newton 
Theological  Institution,  working  our  way  patiently,  waiting  and  work- 
ing until  finally  we  are  through  and  ready  to  go — and,  consistently, 
now  we  have  married  Baptists.  (Laughter.)  We  are  ready  to  go, 
friends,  but  the  Baptist  ship  of  Zion  which  we  heard  about  to-night  is 
stranded;  it  is  stranded  on  debt.  And  oh,  friends,  I  wish  you  could 
appreciate  what  a  heartbreak  it  means  to  stand  here  when  I  expected 
to  say,  "  I  am  going  this  fall,"  and  have  to  say,  "  We  may  not  go 
this  fall;  we  shall  not  go  this  fall;  we  must  wait  another  year." 

Now,  friends,  the  reason  we  are  not  going  is  because  I  am  deter- 
mined to  go  to  China,  the  land  of  my  birth.  My  parents  have  prayed 
for  me  to  go  there ;  the  natives  have  written  back  and  asked  for  me  to 
come  back,  to  shorten  my  preparation  and  come  back  to  China.  They 
are  waiting  for  me.  My  father  lies  there,  having  given  his  life  for 
China,  and  no  one  has  filled  the  gap,  and  I  am  going  to  fill  it  if  I  can. 
Now,  friends,  that  is  one  fact.  Do  you  compel  us  to  ask  some  other 
Board  or  the  Young  Men's  Christian  Association  to  send  us  out? 
We  will  have  to  go  to  them,  for  we  are  going  to  obey  God's  com- 
mand, and  he  is  telling  us  as  plainly  as  possible,  "  Go  out  this  year  " ; 
and  it  is  either  obey  God  or  obey  the  Board  and  stay  another  year. 

Then,  friends,  in  Springfield  some  ten  years  ago,  before  my  brothers 
had  gone  out  to  the  foreign  field,  my  father  stood  up  before  the  de- 
nomination and  said,  "  I  have  eight  children,  and  every  one  is  going 
to  be  a  foreign  missionary  " ;  and,  friends,  you  cheered  him  to  the 
echo;  and  now,  when  his  fifth  child  comes  up  before  you  and  asks 
to  be  sent  out  to  China,  he  is  met  with  a  closed  door — "  You  cannot 
go."  Friends,  I  am  glad  he  lies  sleeping  in  China  in  the  shade  of  the 
Hanyang  city  wall;  I  am  glad  he  does  not  know  it. 

And  then,  friends,  we  know  to  what  we  are  going.  We  have  seen 
the  foreign  field.  Oh,  I  can  see  to  this  day  my  father  coming  back 
from  an  out-station  trip  where  he  had  been  preaching  the  gospel  of 
Jesus  Christ,  with  the  blood  streaming  down  his  face,  with  bruises  all 
over  his  body.  He  had  suffered ;  they  had  stoned  him ;  and  again  and 
again  I  saw  that  picture.  And  I  have  often  seen  my  mother  crying  out 
her  heart  in  loneliness  for  her  far-away  boys  and  girls.  And  I  know 
too,  what  it  means  to  live  the  life  of  a  missionary's  child  year  after 
year.  Heat,  noise,  smell  which  you  cannot  imagine,  all  these  horrors 
of  heathendom,  and  I  have  seen  my  parents  gladly  suffer  it  all  for  the 
cause  of  Jesus  Christ. 

And  then  I  see  that  picture  in  the  Prince  Albert  docks  in  London 
when  my  two  oldest  brothers  and  sisters  were  left  alone  in  London, 

66 


The  Judson  Centennial 


my  parents  saying  good-bye  to  them,  and  they  were  singing,  "  God 
be  with  you  till  we  meet  again."  Courage,  consecration,  faith — ^yes, 
it  took  my  parents  back  to  China.  And,  friends,  I  too,  and  Mr.  and 
Mrs.  Manley,  these  other  missionaries'  children,  can  sympathize  with 
me — I  have  stood  as  a  lad  of  thirteen  and  felt  my  mother's  arms 
about  me  for  the  last  time  in  eight  years;  and  that  is  as  near  to 
the  land  of  perdition  as  I  ever  hope  to  get.  And  the  loneliness  and 
the  pain  of  it !  And,  friends,  that  is  only  part  of  the  missionary  sacri- 
fice. And  yet,  in  the  face  of  that  and  knowing  what  we  are  doing, 
we  want  to  go.  We  are  wiUing  to  pay  the  price.  Are  you  willing  to 
pay  the  price  to  send  us  ?  We  do  not  want  you  to  pity  us.  This  is  the 
grandest  work  to  which  any  mortal  being  can  be  called,  to  carry  the 
cross  of  Jesus  Christ  to  the  farthest  ends  of  the  earth.  And  oh, 
friends,  I  plead  with  you  to  love  the  Master  as  much  as  my  parents 
loved  him.  They  were  willing  to  give  and  to  sacrifice  and  to  spend 
their  lives.  We  want  to  follow  in  their  footsteps.  We  have  seen 
Jesus  Christ  incarnated  in  their  lives,  and  we  want  to  spend  our 
lives  like  them.  We  have  felt  the  throb  of  his  life  in  their  lives,  and 
we  want  to  spend  and  be  spent  in  the  service,  and  the  only  thing 
that  is  keeping  us  from  serving  the  Baptist  denomination  is  the  Bap- 
tist denomination  itself.  Oh,  friends,  I  appeal  to  you,  we  want  to 
carry  the  gospel  of  Jesus  Christ  to  the  farthest  ends  of  the  earth ;  and 
it  is  the  happiest,  freest  job  on  the  face  of  the  earth;  and  oh,  friends, 
I  appeal  to  you  to  do  it  in  the  name  of  the  Master  and  for  his  sake ! 

This  appeal,  made  with  a  passion  that  was  irresistible,  stirred  the 
vast  company  to  the  depths.  There  was  an  outburst  of  applause  that 
showed  how  strong  was  the  impression.  Plainly  not  a  studied  effort, 
but  the  outpouring  of  a  burdened  heart,  the  young  man  had  done 
good  work  for  China  and  all  mission  work,  as  he  brought  home  the 
real  meaning  in  terms  of  life,  of  the  lack  of  missionary  funds  .ade- 
quate to  the  demands. 

Doctor  Haggard.  And  we  are  going  to  raise  that  debt  right  away. 
(Applause.)  And  we  are  not  going  to  let  this  splendid  couple  go 
anywhere  else  than  where  they  belong.  (Renewed  applause.)  They 
are  our  own,  and  we  ought  to  send  them  out. 

I  want  Doctor  and  Mrs.  Mason  to  stand  up.  (Addressing  Doctor 
and  Mrs.  Mason.)  Just  stand  where  you  are  and  turn  around  and 
face  the  audience.  (Doctor  and  Mrs.  Mason  rose  from  their  seats 
in  the  front  of  the  house  and  faced  the  audience,  amidst  prolonged 
applause.) 

E  67 


The  Judson  Centennial 


Doctor  Haggard.  They  are  not  sending  these  children;  they  are 
just  as  eager  to  have  them  go  as  these  children  are  to  go,  and  they 
know  what  it  means,  for  they  have  been  through  all  the  hardships 
save  death  known  to  any  missionary. 

CATCHING   THE   VISION 

And  now  the  last.  If  it  is  interesting,  remarkable,  that  these 
children  of  missionaries  should  be  eager  to  go  to  the  front,  I  wonder 
if  it  is  not  just  as  interesting,  just  as  remarkable,  that  a  member  of 
the  Board  of  Managers  of  the  Society  should  give  a  son,  and  eagerly, 
as  Doctor  Moss  has  given  this  son?  His  mother,  too,  from  his  birth 
devoted  him  to  missionary  service,  and  of  all  the  statements  I  ever 
heard  in  the  Board  Room  of  the  American  Baptist  Foreign  Mis- 
sion Society,  none  touched  my  heart  so  profoundly  as  the  statement 
made  by  Doctor  Moss  when  his  son  and  this  prospective  daughter-in- 
law  of  his  stood  before  the  Board  and  offered  themselves  for  service. 
Doctor  Moss  knows  what  it  means,  and  this  young  man  knows  what 
it  means,  and  this  young  woman  has  caught  something  of  a  glimpse 
of  service.  They  are  to  go,  and  now  we  will  hear  them — Mr.  Moss, 
and  his  fiancee.  Miss  Venn.     (Applause.) 

Mr.  Leslie  B.  Moss.  I  have  had  a  great  experience.  It  came 
about  in  this  way :  My  great-grandfather  was  a  preacher,  my  grand- 
father was  a  preacher  too,  and  my  father  is  a  preacher,  and  so  it  is 
in  the  blood,  and  I  have  got  to  do  it,  as  the  saying  is.  But  I  did 
not  always  feel  that  way.  The  time  was,  when  I  pretty  nearly  swore 
that  I  never  would  be  a  preacher,  because  everybody  seemed  to  be 
trying  to  force  the  thing  down  my  throat,  and  they  were  all  sure  I 
was  going  to  be,  and  I  made  up  my  mind  I  wouldn't.  But  I  went  to 
Denison.  And  out  in  Denison  they  do  things.  I  roomed  with  Archie 
Adams  there  for  two  years ;  I  roomed  with  another  man  for  two 
years  who  is  already  out  in  the  foreign  field.  I  knew  three  other 
men  who  are  to-day  preaching  the  gospel  in  this  country,  two  of 
whom  were  Student  Volunteers  at  that  time,  and  there  came  a  new 
purpose  in  my  life,  and  it  was  a  purpose  to  find  out  what  God  wanted 
me  to  do.  I  did  not  know  what  it  was,  but  I  prayed  that  if  he  would 
show  me  what  he  did  want  me  to  do,  I  would  do  it.  And  so  I  prayed. 
Well,  I  graduated  from  Denison  without  knowing  what  it  was,  and 
by  his  lead — and  I  know  it  was  by  his  lead — I  was  led  to  teach  a 
year  in  the  American  International  College  in  Springfield,  in  this 
State,  where  there  are  twenty  different  nationalities,  men  and  women 

68 


The  Judson  Centennial 


from  the  ends  of  the  earth,  coming  to  find  out  what  American  citizen- 
ship means.  And  in  that  year  I  caught  something  of  the  vision  of 
what  it  means  to  work  for  Jesus  Christ  among  the  men  and  women 
who  do  not  know  him.  And  one  Tuesday  night — I  remember  it  as 
distinctly  ag  can  be — sitting  at  my  desk,  the  twelfth  of  February,  I 
think  it  was,  1912,  at  half  past  nine  in  the  evening — there  came  as 
clearly  as  I  could  wish  and  as  suddenly,  not  in  any  outward  way  but 
simply  the  inner  consciousness  that  God  could  and  would  use  me, 
and  that  he  would  use  me  on  the  foreign  field. 

I  found  that  I  was  a  vessel  that  could  be  made  meet  for  the 
Master's  use.  And  so  I  have  tried  to  prepare  myself  for  it.  People 
say  to  me,  "Oh,  isn't  it  terrible  that  you  are  going  to  China?" 
Terrible?  Terrible?  It  is  the  greatest  thing  in  the  whole  world. 
God  cannot  confer  any  greater  honor  on  a  man  or  on  a  woman 
than  to  call  them  to  work  for  him  and  with  him  among  those  who 
have  not  had  the  privilege  of  knowing  what  Christianity  means.  And 
I  am  glad  to-night  that  I  am  looking  forward  to  serving  him  in  China. 
(Applause.) 

Miss  Marion  F.  Venn.  One  reason  why  I  want  to  be  a  mission- 
ary you  can  easily  guess,  but  there  is  another.  Three  years  ago  God 
spoke  to  me  also  in  that  still  small  voice  and  helped  me  to  realize 
that  when  Christ  said,  "  Go  ye  into  all  the  world,"  he  meant  me. 
He  has  wondrously  blessed  me  in  my  life,  and  why  should  I  not  return 
that  life  to  him  as  a  thank-offering?  He  has  also  promised  to  con- 
tinue to  bless  me,  for  he  has  said :  "  Ye  shall  have  power  after  that 
the  Holy  Ghost  is  come  upon  you,  and  ye  shall  be  witnesses  unto  me 
.  .  .  and  unto  the  uttermost  part  of  the  earth."  The  more  I  read  and 
studied  my  Bible  the  more  convinced  I  was  that  I  must  be  a  mission- 
ary. My  purpose  is  to  be  a  true  witness  and  so  truly  to  live  Christ 
that  I  shall  create  in  those  as  yet  untrained  people  an  intense  longing 
for  a  righteous  life,  and  I  want  to  help  them  to  realize  that  they 
can  achieve  that  life  only  by  complete  surrender  of  their  life  to  Christ. 
I  want  to  prove  to  Christ  also  that  I  am  a  good  soldier  of  the  Cross. 
I  am  glad  to  go;  I  look  forward  to  the  future  with  great  joy,  for  I 
know  that  before  me  even  as  behind,  God  is,  and  all  is  well. 

The  hour  was  late.  It  had  been  a  long,  exciting,  exacting  day, 
and  the  Temple  heat  was  stifling  as  that  of  India.  But  the  interest 
had  deepened  to  the  close.  The  sight  of  these  cultured  and  conse- 
crated young  people  made  missions  real.  As  the  applause  subsided. 
Doctor  Haggard  closed  the  service  with  the  following  prayer: 

69 


The  Judson  Centennial 


Our  God  and  Father,  we  are  here  before  thee  to  rededicate  ourselves  to 
thy  service.  In  the  presence  of  these  young  people  who  have  laid  them- 
selves upon  the  altar,  we  are  willing,  we  trust,  to  give  of  our  substance 
and  to  pray  unitedly  and  continually  that  they  may  go  forth  to  will  and 
to  do  of  thy  good  pleasure.  Bless,  we  pray  thee,  this  service  to  the 
strengthening  of  our  faith,  our  courage,  and  our  devotion.  And  wilt 
thou  keep  us  during  all  the  days,  and  bring  us  at  last  unto  thy  dear 
self,  where  we  shall  meet  these  young  friends  and  all  those  whom 
they  have  helped  to  gather  out  of  that  vast  host  of  heathendom,  and 
there  together  shall  we  sing  around  thy  throne  praises  to  the  Lamb. 

And  now  may  grace,  mercy,  and  peace  rest  and  abide  upon  us  all  now 
and  evermore.     Amen. 


70 


Ill 


CENTENNIAL  OF  THE  AMERICAN  BAPTIST 
FOREIGN  MISSION  SOCIETY 


Ill 

CENTENNIAL  OF  THE  AMERICAN  BAPTIST 
FOREIGN  MISSION  SOCIETY 


THE  MORNING  SESSION 

THURSDAY,    JUNE    25,    I914 

THIS  was  the  last  great  day  of  the  high  spiritual  feast.  The 
Convention  had  celebrated  fittingly,  in  a  manner  not  to  be 
forgotten,  the  centennial  of  Adoniram  Judson  and  the  work 
which  he  began  in  Burma.  Now  the  Society,  organized  by  American 
Baptists  in  response  to  the  appeal  that  came  from  Judson,  when  his 
convictions  made  him  a  Baptist,  was  to  celebrate  the  one-hundredth 
anniversary  of  its  birth,  the  exact  date  of  which  was  May  i8,  1814, 
the  place  the  First  Baptist  Church  in  Philadelphia.  That  meeting 
brought  delegates  from  all  parts  of  the  country  where  Baptist  churches 
were  established.  It  was  the  first  national  gathering  of  the  de- 
nomination, and  Adoniram  Judson  therefore  was  the  source  of  a 
national  Baptist  consciousness  as  well  as  of  its  foreign  mission 
undertakings.  The  first  organization  was  named  "  The  General  Mis- 
sionary Convention  of  the  Baptist  Denomination  of  the  United  States 
of  America  for  Foreign  Missions,"  for  in  those  days  people  had 
leisure  for  long  names ;  but  this  was  soon  popularly  shortened  into  the 
"  Triennial  Convention."  The  Southern  Baptists  withdrew  in  1845, 
and  the  name  was  changed  in  1846  to  the  American  Baptist  Mission- 
ary Union ;  this,  in  1910,  becoming  the  American  Baptist  Foreign 
Mission  Society.  Although  no  longer  national,  the  Society  was  cele- 
brating a  century  of  continuous  existence  and  conspicuous  achieve- 
ment. The  Convention's  day  was  its  day  too,  in  a  broad  sense ;  but 
this  was  specifically  the  Society's  centenary,  and  was  anticipated  with 
solemn  joy. 

The  delegates  and  visitors  assembled  slowly,  as  the  heat  was  over- 
powering and  the  day  before  had  taxed  the  energy  and  vitality  of  all. 
Very  soon  it  became  evident  that  the  enthusiasm  had  not  been  dis- 

73 


The  Judson  Centennial 


sipated,  and  that  the  heights  were  still  to  be  retained.  Not  a  little 
of  this  was  due,  at  the  outset,  to  the  President  of  the  Foreign  Mission 
Society,  Dr.  Carter  Helm  Jones,  of  Seattle,  Washington,  who  was  now 
presiding  officer.  He  has  an  inimitable  manner  and  one  of  the  most 
persuasive  voices  ever  given  to  man;  and  on  this  day  he  was  easily 
master  of  the  occasion.  Before  the  formal  call  to  order  he  had  the 
gathering  company  sing,  "The  morning  light  is  breaking,"  and  "I 
love  to  tell  the  story."  The  seats  filled  rapidly, 
and  the  regular  program  proceeded  expeditiously. 
At  this  session  another  gavel  of  great  historic 
interest  was  used  by  the  President.  It  was  pre- 
sented to  the  American  Baptist  Missionary 
Union  in  1883,  by  George  Dana  Boardman,  a 
son  of  the  early  missionary  to  Burma  and  step- 
son of  Adoniram  Judson.  On  one  side  of  the 
handle  appears  a  piece  of  the  memorial  stone 
from  the  grave  of  his  father,  and  in  the  opposite 
side  of  the  handle  there  is  inlaid  a  piece  of  the 
lion's  cage  in  which  Adoniram  Judson  was  con- 
fined at  Aungbinle.  Every  year  since  1883  this 
gavel  has  been  used  by  the  President  in  opening 
the  annual  meeting. 

President  Jones.  Let  us  now  sing  the  first 
hymn  laid  down  upon  the  morning  program, 
"  Christ  for  the  world  we  sing,"  after  which 
Rev.  William  Pettigrew,  of  Assam,  will  conduct 
a  brief  devotional  service. 

After  the  singing.  Doctor  Pettigrew  read  the 
Ninety-eighth  Psalm,  and  offered  the  following 
prayer : 

Almighty  God,  our  heavenly  Father,  we  come  this  morning,  at  the 
last  day  of  this  great  Convention,  to  lift  up  our  hearts  in  praise  and 
thanks  to  thee  for  all  the  marvelous  things  thou  hast  done  for  us,  not 
only  during  these  few  days  gathered  together  in  this  great  city  of  Boston, 
but  what  thou  hast  done  for  us  during  the  past  hundred  years  in  bringing 
the  gospel  to  the  heathen,  in  revealing  thy  holy  self  to  those  who  are 
living  in  darkness  and  superstition. 

We  praise  thee,  our  Father,  because  thou  hast  done  this  through  us. 
We  know  our  infirmities,  our  weaknesses;  we  know  how  far  we  are 
from  the  ideals  which  thou  wouldst  have  us  be.  But  we  thank  thee 
to-day,  our  Father,  that  thou  hast  seen  fit  to  use  us  as  thy  servants 
and  as  thy  ambassadors.  And  now  we  pray  that  thou  wilt  pour  upon 
us  the  power  of  thy  Holy  Spirit  this  day,   this  last  day  of  this   Con- 

74 


RICHARD    FURMAN,    D.    D. 
First   Prtsident,    1814-1820 


LUCIUS   BOLLES.    D.    D 
Pastor    First   Church,    Sa!em 


STEPHEN  GANG,  D.  D. 
Pastor  First   Church,   Providence 


DANIEL    SHARP,   D.    D. 
Pastor    Charles    Street    Church,    Roston 


Leaders    in    the   organization    of    the    TrJenni.il    Convention.      Doctor    Bolles    is    justly 
regarded  as   a   cofounder   with    Doctor    Baldwin. 


The  Judson  Centennial 


vention,  that  as  we  listen  to  those  who  come  from  far-off  lands  to  give  their 
brief  message  thy  Holy  Spirit  may  so  write  their  word  on  the  hearts  of 
those  listening  that  we  may  all  go  to  our  different  homes  determined  to 
serve  thee  more  faithfully,  to  look  not  only  upon  our  local  needs,  but 
upon  the  needs  of  the  world,  and  that  thy  gracious  message  through  us 
may  be  brought  direct  to  those  people  who  have  not  yet  heard  thy  truth. 

Almighty  God,  we  beseech  thee  this  morning  that  thou  wouldst  open 
the  places  that  are  still  without  thy  truth,  without  the  messenger  to  pro- 
claim the  gospel.  We  beseech  thee  that  thou  wilt  help  all  those  who  are 
now  on  the  field,  who  are  thinking  of  us  this  morning  and  praying  for 
us.  And  now  we  close,  our  Father,  our  petition  before  thee  by  asking 
that  thou  wilt  give  us  this  day  the  joy  of  having  this  awful,  burden- 
some debt  removed,  because  we  ask  it  in  the  name  of  Jesus  our  Saviour. 
Amen. 

The  President.  Now  let  us  stand  and  sing  the  first  and  last 
stanzas  of  "  All  hail  the  power  of  Jesus'  name." 

After  the  audience  had  sung  as  requested  the  President  continued: 
Wait  a  moment;  remain  standing.  I  have  been  requested,  and  I  do 
it  with  great  pleasure,  to  ask  all  of  the  foreign  missionaries  present 
to  come  immediately  to  the  platform,  and  also  the  ofificers  of  the 
Woman's  Foreign  Mission  Society.    Let  us  sing  while  they  come. 

The  congregation  resumed  the  singing  of  the  hymn,  while  the  seats 
on  the  platform  were  filled  by  the  missionaries  and  officers  who  came 
forward  in  response  to  the  invitation. 

The  next  order  was  the  President's  address,  and  in  this  the  power 
of  the  orator  and  rhetorician  and  preacher  was  displayed  in  marked 
degree.  Doctor  Jones,  with  charm  of  manner  and  style,  with  singular 
beauty  of  diction  and  felicity  of  illustration,  swayed  the  audience, 
lifted  it  out  of  languor,  and  inspired  it  for  the  day.  It  was  finely 
done,  and  won  instant  response.  We  give  this  address  here,  as  it 
seems  especially  to  belong  in  the  record. 


THE  CHALLENGE  OF  THE  HOUR 
Brethren  of  the  American  Baptist  Foreign  Mission  Society: 

The  next  item  as  laid  down  upon  our  program  is  the  address  from 
the  President.  But  what  can  a  poor  President  say  after  all  that  has 
been  said  ?  The  reports  of  the  work  of  the  year  are  before  you.  We 
have  walked  down  the  corridors  of  the  century;  we  have  compassed 
all  time  and  impinged  on  eternity.  We  have  listened  to  the  historian, 
the  philosopher,  the  prophet;  we  have  listened  to  the  saints;  we  have 
listened  to  the  young  chivalry,  the  knighthood  of  the  day.     The  fact  is — 

75 


The  Judson  Centennial 


if  these  reporters  will  stop  writing  for  a  moment — I  will  say  that  I 
feel  very  much  as  an  old  woman  down  South  did.  She  was  asked 
by  a  companion  across  the  street,  "  Whar  you  gwine  ?  "  and  she  says, 
"  I  ain't  gwine  nowhar ;  I  done  bin  whar  I  gwine." 

And  yet  who  that  walks  historic  Boston's  streets  and  looks  upon 
the  memorials  of  a  marvelous  past  does  not  let  his  heart  catch  the 
rhythmic  throb  of  the  mighty  music  of  a  mighty  past?  Great 
memories  are  vibrant  in  the  air,  and  I  must  give  my  heart  the  right 
of  way  in  the  few  words  that  I  shall  speak. 

This  is  not  a  materialistic  age.  The  spiritual  is  coming  to  the  fore, 
and  time  cannot  teach  forgetfulness  when  grief's  full  heart  is  fed 
by  fame.  And  we  do  well  to  pause  long  enough  in  an  age  when 
selfish  seeking  is  clamant  to  remember  these  men  and  women  who 
forgot  themselves  into  immortality. 

A  quarter  of  a  century  ago  Henry  Grady,  the  great  Atlanta  editor, 
sprang  to  the  front  and,  with  loyalty  to  all  that  was  true  and  sweet 
in  the  past,  bore  aloft  the  banner  of  a  "  New  South."  You  invited 
him,  Bostonians,  to  come  and  speak  at  your  Plymouth  Rock.  There 
with  impassioned  eloquence  his  great  soul  poured  itself  out  and  he 
literally  loved  dismembered  sections  into  one.  While  the  continent 
was  bursting  with  his  fame  he  came  back  to  his  beloved  Atlanta. 
The  citizens  met  him,  tried  to  throw  over  his  head  a  wreath  of  ever- 
green. He  pushed  it  aside;  he  locked  himself  in  his  office,  and  as 
the  hours  of  afternoon  wore  away  he  slipped  out  of  the  side  door 
unobserved  into  a  closed  carriage,  was  driven  away  to  an  obscure 
suburban  station,  stepped  unseen  upon  a  local  train,  got  off  unan- 
nounced and  unexpected  at  a  quiet  little  Georgia  village,  walked  up 
one  street  and  down  another,  presently  through  a  gate  and  around  to 
the  side  door,  and  as  he  tapped  upon  the  door  the  sweetest  voice  in 
all  the  world  said  to  him,  "Come  in,  Henry,  I  heard  your  step." 
And  he  said:  "Mother,  I  am  tired,  I  am  sick;  mother,  I  came  to 
ask  you  to  tuck  me  in  your  bed  just  as  you  used  to  do."  "  All  right, 
Henry";  and  presently  she  had  tucked  him  in  and  her  hand  was 
upon  his  brow.  "  Now,  mother,  sing  me  one  of  the  old  songs  of  my 
boyhood."  And  presently  the  old  Southern  mother  was  crooning  him 
to  sleep  with  the  old  slumber-song  with  which  erst  she  had  hushed 
him  to  rosy  rest  in  the  golden  gloaming  of  the  eventide. 

My  brethren,  there  are  times  when  we  want  to  give  our  hearts 
the  right  of  way  and  go  back,  back,  to  feel  the  touch  of  old  hands, 
hear  the  music  of  voices  silent  here,  celestial  yonder.  That  is  a  part 
of  the  meaning  of  moments  like  these. 

76 


The  Judson  Centennial 


THE   CHALLENGE    OF   THE   CENTURY 

I  bring  you  two  or  three  notes  in  the  challenge  of  this  hour  to  the 
American  Baptist  Foreign  Mission  Society.  Firct,  the  challenge  of 
the  century  itself.  Themistocles  used  to  say  that  Marathon  would 
not  let  him  sleep.  How  can  we  be  quiet  when  the  tongued  years  are 
telling  these  annals  of  heroism  and  bringing  these  words  from 
heroes  and  heroines  ?  The  century  of  achievement,  the  century  of 
sacrifice,  the  century  of  love,  the  century  of  comradeship — for  they 
are  all  ours,  treasured  imperishably  in  our  memories — the  century 
challenges  us  to-day. 

Read  again  your  eleventh  chapter  of  Hebrews.  Some  one  has 
called  it  the  Christian's  "  Battle  Abbey,"  the  roll-call  of  the  chivalry 
of  faith.  And  let  to-day  our  emphasis  thrill  upon  that  word  "  There- 
fore," which  begins  the  twelfth  chapter — "  Therefore,  my  beloved 
brethren,  seeing  that  we  are  compassed  about  with  so  great  a  cloud 
of  witnesses,"  we  cross  with  hushed  hearts  and  silent  steps  the  cen- 
tennial line  to-day.  Therefore — therefore — the  appeal  of  the  century 
to  American  Baptists. 

Again,  it  is  the  challenge  of  the  age.  The  past  and  the  future  are 
looking  in  the  face  of  the  stern  to-day.  The  world  at  large  is  challen- 
ging us  for  our  very  right  to  be. 

A  Frenchman  many  years  ago  landed  in  New  York,  looked  around 
awhile,  and  then  said,  "  Mon  Dieu !  a  hundred  religions  and  only  one 
sauce !  "  The  world  of  to-day  is  wondering  why  we  need  a  hundred 
religions.  I  will  let  them  discuss  how  much  sauce  we  need,  but  I 
meet  squarely  that  challenge  to-day.  We  have  a  boast,  we  have  a 
cry;  we  point  to  our  history,  and  it  is  secure;  we  point  to  our 
statements,  whether  iron-bound  creeds  or  not,  and  we  see  in 
them  the  expression  of  the  clear  teaching  of  the  New  Testament. 
The  age  will  not  read  our  creeds;  the  age  says  it  has  not  time  to 
sit  in  our  cemeteries.  The  age  is  too  utilitarian  to  read  the  glittering 
words  upon  our  cenotaphs.  The  age  will  not  listen  to  obituaries. 
The  age  demands — what  is  the  word — overworked?  yes,  it  needs  a 
long  vacation,  but  there  is  no  word  to  take  its  place^ — the  age  says, 
"  Efficiency,  efficiency !  "  The  man  in  the  street  in  ugly  words  says 
to  the  Baptists,  with  all  their  brag  and  with  all  their  pretensions  this 
centennial  morning,  "Put  up  or  shut  up!"  (Applause.)  "H  you 
have  more  truth  than  others,  live  more  truth  than  others.  If  you 
have  a  better  creed  than  others,  translate  it  into  a  better  deed,  and 

77 


The  Judson  Centennial 


outlove  and  outgive  and  outlive  and  outsacrifice  the  others."     (Ap- 
plause.) 

THE  CHALLENGE  OF  FELLOW   CHRISTIANS 

Again,  the  challenge  from  the  age  comes  from  our  Christian 
brethren,  and  they,  God  bless  them !  admire  us  and  they  love  us. 
One  of  the  most  beautiful  things  in  all  the  world  to  me  is  to  see  the 
emergence  of  those  we  call  Baptists  from  their  obscurity,  from  their 
twilight  environment,  from  their  narrowness,  from  their  ignorance, 
into  a  way  that  challenges  the  admiration  of  all  who  love  the  Lord 
Jesus  Christ.  They  are  no  longer  fighting  us,  but  they  are  calling 
to  us  this  centennial  morning:  "O  Baptists  of  Adoniram  Judson's 
day,  O  Baptists  with  annals  whose  names  are  writ  where  stars  are 
lit — O  Baptists,  come  and  be  comrades  and  let  us  cooperate  in  the 
evangelization  of  the  world  until  we  take  this  globe  and  lay  it  at 
the  feet  of  Jesus  Christ."  (Applause.)  It  is  their  challenge  to  us. 
How  shall  we  meet  it? 

American  Baptists  to-day  in  their  great  mission  society  are  placing 
a  stone  and  writing  across  it  the  immortal  word  "  Ebenezer." 
Shall  that  century  stone  be  a  way-mark  or  a  tombstone — which  ? 

Cooperate.  I  have  heard  those  who  knew  tell  of  one  of  the  most 
tragic  moments  in  the  history  of  people  who  loved.  A  great  soldier 
was  dying,  a  soldier  of  the  Cromwellian  type,  a  soldier  who  loved 
God  supremely.  Narrow,  but  with  that  magnificent  narrowness  of  a 
mountain  torrent  that  says  to  engirdling  hills,  "  You  may  deepen  me, 
you  may  narrow  me,  but  you  cannot  stop  me."  A  soldier  who  has 
filled  the  annals  of  military  life  with  the  splendor  of  his  unconscious 
genius — he  was  dying,  and  there  gathered  around  him  his  comrades. 
Presently  he  whispered  to  them,  "  Let  us  cross  over  the  river  and 
rest  under  the  shade  of  the  trees."  Presently  his  great  spirit  took 
its  flight. 

What  was  the  tragedy — that  a  soldier  died?  No.  What  was  the 
tragedy — that  a  Christian  went  home?  No.  The  tragedy  was  that 
those  great,  strong  men,  who  would  have  died  rather  than  touch 
one  button  on  his  faded  old  military  coat,  were  weeping — weeping  as 
women  weep  when  the  sweet  eyes  dearer  to  them  than  evening  stars 
are  glazing  and  the  loved  prattle  to  which  the  singing  of  seraphs  in 
their  ears  were  but  discord  is  only  the  faint  fading  of  a  far-off 
echo — were  weeping  because  Stonewall  Jackson  was  shot  down  by 
his  own  men !  In  God's  name,  I  beg  you,  soldiers  of  the  Lord  Jesus 
Christ,  do  not  fire  on  your  own  men.     (Great  applause.) 

78 


The  Judson  Centennial 


THE  CHALLENGE  OF  THE   KING 

There  is  another  challenge.  //  is  the  challenge  of  the  King — the 
challenge  of  the  King.  Brethren  of  the  American  Baptist  Foreign 
Mission  Society,  let  us  surrender  our  commission  to-day,  let  us  admit 
that,  lustrous  as  has  been  the  past,  yet  we  are  functus  officio  to-day, 
and  have  nothing  else  to  do,  unless  we  renew  with  quivering  lips  and 
solemn  hearts  our  allegiance  to  Jesus  Christ,  the  Lord,  the  King,  the 
crucified,  the  risen  King,  and  only  Saviour  of  the  world.  (Applause.) 
The  King  challenges  us  all  to  read  that  lofty  passage  in  the  great 
Epistle  which  says,  freely  rendered :  "  This  man,  after  he  had  once 
for  all  made  a  sacrifice,  sat  down  on  the  right  hand  of  the  throne  of 
God,  forever  expecting  till  his  enemies  be  made  the  footstool  of  his 
feet." 

I  hear  the  challenge  of  the  expecting  Christ  to-day.  We  preach 
faith  in  Jesus  Christ — glorious  doctrine.  But,  brethren,  I  am  thrilled 
until  language  is  bankrupt  and  vocabulary  is  paralyzed  and  words 
pause  in  impotence  before  the  conception  of  Christ's  faith  in  his 
church.  Jesus  Christ  is  trusting  us  to-day;  he  is  sitting  down  in  the 
majesty  of  an  infinite  patience  and  in  the  glory  of  a  magnificent  faith 
and  in  the  ultimate  of  an  eternal  love,  expecting  our  Society  to  go 
forward. 

Loyalty  to  Jesus  Christ.  I  think  I  hear  Jesus  speaking  to  us 
again  to-day.  Oh,  how  we  love  him  in  our  creeds !  Oh,  how  intel- 
lectually we  assent  to  his  program !  Oh,  how  mentally  we  say  Amen 
to  his  schedules  and  marching  orders!  Oh,  how  orthodox  we  are! 
I  glory  in  Baptist  orthodoxy.  Orthodoxy  is  a  noble  word;  it  means 
thinking  straight,  thinking  right.  But  I  think  I  hear  Jesus  saying 
to  us  to-day,  "  Why  call  ye  me  Lord,  Lord,  and  do  not  the  things 
that  I  say  ?  "  I  appeal  from  the  orthodoxy  that  says  it  loves  Jesus 
Christ  to  the  orthopraxy  that  does  his  will  in  his  name.     (Applause.) 

Loyalty  to  our  love  for  Jesus  Christ.  There  is  a  wonderful  word 
in  John's  Epistle,  "  We  love  " — not  "  him  " — that  is  not  in  the  Greek, 
and  is  not  in  any  good  manuscript,  and  is  not  in  any  good  translation ; 
not  "  We  love  him  because  he  first  loved  us,"  but  "  We  love  because 
he  first  loved  us  " — He  the  Genesis,  he  the  Exodus,  he  the  Deute- 
ronomy, yea,  the  whole  Pentateuch  of  love,  and  the  New  Testament 
thereof  also.  "  We  love  because  he  first  loved  us."  That  speaks  the 
breadth  of  the  gospel. 

I  appeal  to-day,  I  hear  to-day  the  challenge  of  Jesus  Christ,  to  our 
love.     I  grow  tired  of  hearing  the  shibboleth,  "  Back   to   Christ !  " 

79 


The  Judson  Centennial 


Christ  is  not  back  yonder.  I  have  been  to  Calvary.  These  unworthy 
feet  have  trod,  as  nearly  as  historic  imagination  can  fix  it,  the  Skull 
Hill  where  the  cross  was.  There  are  no  crosses  there  now,  though 
the  hill  was  starred  over  and  made  incarnadine  with  the  red  anemones 
that  like  blood-spots  seemed  to  tell  the  whole  story.  He  is  not  hang- 
ing upon  a  historic  cross.  Nay,  I  go  to  an  open  tomb  which  opens  its 
adamantine  lips  and  says,  "  He  is  not  here."  I  hear  the  message, 
"  He  is  risen,  and  behold,  he  goeth  before  you."  O  blue  waters  of 
Galilee,  trysting-place  of  love  in  the  long  ago,  first  point  in  the 
marvelous  progress  of  the  preceding  Christ,  hear  us !  Hear  it,  O 
Foreign  Society,  this  centennial  day;  the  preceding  Christ  calls  from 
before,  and  he  calls  us  not  back  but  forward.  And  this  love  to  which 
he  appeals,  our  love  for  him  and  our  love  for  a  great  world  for 
which  he  died,  and  which  is  coming  more  and  more  into  the  service 
of  his  kingdom.  ^ 

garrison's  motto 

My  brethren,  there  is  a  challenge  to  something  more  than  system- 
atic giving  to-day.  I  was  walking  on  Commonwealth  Avenue  Sun- 
day morning,  and  I  stopped  before  the  statue  of  William  Lloyd 
Garrison.  I  did  not  always  love  William  Lloyd  Garrison.  I  was  born 
in  a  day  when  I  heard  the  echoes  of  his  thunders  and  the  bitterness 
of  the  words  which  he  spoke.  But  I  stopped  and  looked  into  the  grim 
bronze  face,  and  I  read  the  inscription  on  that  monument,  and  after 
a  while  I  took  off  my  hat  and  said :  "  Thank  God  for  William  Lloyd 
Garrison  (applause),  who  had  the  courage  despite  all  things  so  to 
live  that  I  saw  millions  of  my  beloved  Southern  people  disenthralled 
and  unmanacled  from  the  abomination  of  slavery!"  (Renewed 
applause.)  What  is  it  I  am  thinking  of?  It  is  this:  it  is  the  inscrip- 
tion on  that  monument.  Hear  it :  "I  am  in  earnest.  I  will  not 
equivocate;  I  will  not  excuse;  I  will  not  retreat  a  single  inch,  and  I 
will  be  heard."  Brethren,  that  is  the  kind  of  spirit  our  American 
Baptist  Foreign  Mission  Society  needs  to-day  unless  it  takes  its  place 
in  the  cemeteries  of  the  past.  (Applause.)  We  need  an  appeal  to 
more  than  systematic  giving;  we  need  an  appeal  to  more  than  educa- 
tion ;  we  need  an  appeal  to  more  than  tradition.  We  need  to  be 
ashamed  of  our  maximum,  some  ten  cents  a  day,  to  save  a  world 
which  cost  Jesus  Christ  his  life,  and  which  rattled  the  manacles  upon 
Judson  and  glorious  heroes  of  old.  We  need  enthusiasm — and  the 
challenge  comes  to  our  enthusiasm — oh,  wonderful  word !  enthusiasm, 
"  God  in  us !  God  in  us !  God  in  us !  " 

80 


The  Judson  Centennial 


And  so  to-day  there  is  something  more  than  prayer-need,  great  as 
that  is.  I  think  I  hear  Moses  before  the  Red  Sea,  Pharaoh  behind, 
the  deep  sea  in  front,  and  the  children  of  Israel  crying  about  him,  and 
he  went  and  prayed,  and  he  came  and  said  then  to  the  children  of 
Israel,  "Stand  still,  and  see  the  salvation  of  God."  Is  that  faith? 
It  sounds  mighty  like  it.  But  listen — listen !  God  said,  "  Why  cry  ye 
to  me?  Speak  to  the  children  of  Israel  that  they  go  forward!" 
(Applause.) 

And  so  in  the  day  when  the  sacrificial  memories  are  clamoring — 
in  the  day  when  immortal  memories  are  urging — I  call  you  to  meet 
the  challenge  of  yesterday,  to-day,  and  to-morrow,  and  in  the  strength 
of  our  risen  Lord  to  go  forward. 

MOTHER   JONES    AND    HER    WASH-BO'd 

A  dear  friend  was  preaching  in  a  meeting  in  a  Southern  church  some 
years  ago,  and  the  pastor  said  to  him:  "Have  you  noticed  that  old 
black  woman  who  sits  in  the  amen  corner  every  morning?"  He  said, 
"Yes,  and  she  helps  me  preach."  The  pastor  said:  "That  is  old 
Mother  Jones,  and  I  want  to  tell  you  about  her.  She  has  a  daughter, 
and  as  that  daughter  grew  up  she  said,  '  Daughter,  chile,  I  don' 
want  you  to  grow  up  and  know  as  little  as  your  ol'  mother  does, 
and  I'se  gwine  to  send  you  to  school,  so  you  kin  learn  like  other 
folks.'  And  she  went  to  her  wash-tub  and  scrubbed  and  scrubbed 
and  scrubbed,  and  brought  white  dollars  and  paid  the  way  of  that 
daughter  through  a  good  school,  and  then  a  college.  One  day  that 
daughter  came  back  and  said,  '  Mother,  I  want  to  go  across  the  ocean 
to  Africa  and  tell  the  story  of  Jesus  to  my  own  people.'  And  the 
mother  said,  '  Thank  God !  thank  God !  '  And  they  came  and  told  her, 
'  We  will  get  a  Board  to  send  your  daughter.'  She  said,  '  I  don'  want 
no  bo'd  'ceptin'  my  ol'  wash-bo'd.' "  (Laughter  and  great  applause.) 
Then  that  old  woman  went  and  in  season  and  out  of  season  she 
scrubbed  away.  "  And,"  said  that  preacher,  "  she  now  is  paying  the 
way  of  that  daughter,  who  stands  on  the  firing-line  among  those 
people  from  whom  she  sprung." 

I  ask  you,  O  men  and  women  in  our  churches,  as  you  think  of  her, 
shall  not  they  who  stay  thus  by  the  stuff  share  alike  with  those  who 
go  down  to  battle ?  (Applause.)  In  the  sacrificial  spirit  of  those  who 
go  for  Christ  and  those  who  stay  for  Christ,  I  bid  you  all  hail  as  we 
face  another  century  in  the  name  of  Jesus  Christ  our  Lord.  (Pro- 
longed applause.) 

8i 


The  Judson  Centennial 


The  task  was  accomplished;  the  desired  mood  was  created;  the 
audience  was  alert  for  anything.  What  power  there  is  in  human 
speech ! 

OPEN  PARLIAMENT 

The  President.  The  next  order  is  called  "  An  Open  Parliament." 
Let  me  explain  what  we  mean.  This  is  the  custom  of  our  Society, 
to  give  this  opportunity  for  any  who  wish  to  ask  practical  questions 
about  methods.  If  you  want  to  ask  about  methods  on  the  foreign 
field  you  can  ask  these  questions,  and  Doctor  Franklin  will  answer 
them,  or  Mr.  Baldwin,  who  is  the  secretary  for  India;  any  questions 
about  the  Home  Department  will  be  answered  by  Doctor  Haggard, 
or  about  the  Board  by  the  chairman  of  the  Board,  Professor  Burton. 

A  Delegate  from  Vermont.  Will  you  please  tell  us  what  the 
expense  is,  the  first  year  and  the  second  year,  of  sending  a  single 
missionary,  and  also  of  sending  a  missionary  and  his  wife,  to  foreign 
fields? 

The  President,     Doctor  Haggard  will  answer  that. 

Doctor  Haggard.  I  think  perhaps  one  of  the  foreign  secretaries 
could  answer  that,  or  Mr.  Huntington,  assistant  secretary.  It  belongs 
in  the  Foreign  Department.  I  could  answer,  but  I  would  rather  one 
of  them  would  do  so. 

The  President.     Very  well;  Mr.  Huntington. 

Mr.  Huntington.  The  expense  for  sending  a  missionary  and  wife 
to  the  foreign  field  for  the  first  year  is  between  $2,000  and  $2,500. 
The  salary  is  about  $1,000,  the  passage  expenses  from  $700  to  $800  or 
$900,  according  to  the  field;  the  outfit  and  other  incidental  expenses, 
frcjn  $300  to  $500,  making  from  $2,000  to  $2,500.  For  a  single  man 
the  expense  would  be  between  $1,200  and  $1,500  and  $1,800, 

A  Delegate.  That  is  the  first  year's  expense,  I  suppose;  what  is 
the  second? 

Mr.  Huntington.  It  should  be  understood  that  is  the  first  year 
only.    For  the  next  year  the  outfit  and  passage  would  not  be  included. 

A  Delegate.    What  would  the  expense  be? 

Mr.  Huntington.  For  the  second  year  the  salary  for  the  single 
man  would  be  about  $600  or  $700;  for  the  couple,  from  $1,000  to 
$1,200,  a  maximum  of  $800  for  the  single  man,  including  his  work, 
and  $1,200  for  the  missionary  and  wife  for  the  second  year. 

The  President.    Any  other  questions? 

A  Lady  Delegate.  I  would  like  to  know  what  the  cost  of  the  sup- 
port of  a  native  preacher  in  India  would  be? 

82 


The  Judson  Centennial 


Doctor  Haggard.  I  will  answer  that,  at  Mr.  Huntington's  sug- 
gestion, because  the  Home  Department  corresponds  with  the  churches 
regarding  this  and  similar  matters.  The  cost  is  from  $50  up. 
There  are  a  few  instances  in  which  $25  might  suffice  for  part  time, 
but  it  is  not  safe  to  think  of  the  support  of  a  native  preacher  as 
being  less  than  $50  a  year.  There  are  those  who  receive  $100 
or  $200.  The  station  plan,  under  which  we  would  prefer  to  assign 
native  preachers,  if  any  are  assigned,  is  outlined  in  a  pamphlet 
which  can  be  had  in  the  Literature  Department  in  the  basement 
of  this  building  or  through  correspondence  with  the  Rooms.  All 
the  facts  are  contained  in  that  pamphlet,  and  we  are  always  glad  to 
answer  questions  by  mail  and  make  assignments  if  desired. 

The  President.  This  question  has  been  handed  up  from  the  floor, 
"  Why  is  the  salary  of  the  General  Secretary  not  put  down  under 
the  schedules  of  home  expense?"  I  will  ask  the  treasurer  of  the 
Society,  Mr.  Ernest  S.  Butler,  to  answer.  I  wish  some  of  our  people 
would  get  better  acquainted  with  our  treasurer. 

The  laughter  showed  that  this  point  was  appreciated. 

Mr.  Butler.  The  schedule  of  the  Foreign  Mission  Society  is  made 
up  some  time  in  advance  of  the  annual  meetings.  When  the  meetings 
were  held  in  Des  Moines  two  years  ago,  the  office  of  General  Secre- 
tary was  created,  but  no  General  Secretary  was  elected,  so  that  after 
the  budget  was  made  that  was  a  special  item  in  the  budget  that  year. 
No  money  was  spent  because  there  was  no  General  Secretary.  When 
the  Society  went  to  Detroit  last  year  the  same  situation  prevailed. 
The  General  Secretary  was  authorized  at  the  Detroit  Convention  and 
elected  there.  Consequently  his  salary  and  expenses  were  continued 
as  a  special  item.  It  could  not  be  otherwise,  as  the  budget  had 
already  been  printed.  Now,  this  year  the  budget  has  been  made  up; 
the  General  Secretary  is  an  officer  of  the  Society;  his  salary  does 
appear  in  the  home  expense  in  the  regular  report  and  will  in  the 
report  of  this  annual  meeting.  Of  course  the  salary  is  home  expense, 
but  as  the  budget  was  made  up  the  Treasurer's  report  has  to  comply 
with  the  budget.  That  is  the  reason  the  expense  and  salary  are  in- 
cluded in  a  separate  item.    Is  that  perfectly  clear? 

A  Delegate  from  New  York.  Have  we  any  self-supporting  sta- 
tions at  this  time;  and  if  so,  how  many  and  where? 

Mr.  Huntington.  Mr.  President,  there  are,  so  far  as  I  know,  no 
completely  self-supporting  stations,  if  by  "  station  "  we  mean  a  place 
where  there  is  a  missionary  in  residence.  That  is  the  common  use 
of  that  term.    There  are  stations  where  the  missionary's  salary  is  the 

F  83 


The  Judson  Centennial 


main  item  of  expense,  where  the  work  among  the  churches  is  largely 
self-supporting,  but  the  missionary's  salary,  his  house,  and  some 
personal  native  assistants  are  included  in  the  appropriations.  There 
are  many  outstations  where  there  are  churches  and  native  workers 
that  are  self-supporting. 

A  Delegate.  If  it  is  true  that  the  highest  expense  is  the  first  year, 
how  is  it  that  there  has  been  published  an  average  salary  for  mis- 
sionaries of  $2,000?    How  is  that  average  made? 

Mr.  Huntington.  Mr.  President,  I  would  say  that  if  that  public 
statement  has  been  made,  it  is  incorrect.  The  average  salary  of  mis- 
sionaries is  considerably  less  than  $2,000  a  year.  The  salary  of  mis- 
sionaries under  present  schedule  increases-^— that  is,  the  salary  of 
married  missionaries — increases,  because  the  salaries  being  on  the 
basis  of  the  necessary  support,  there  is  a  provision  for  children 
as  they  are  born  into  the  family,  so  that  when  a  missionary  has  a 
large  family  of  children  his  salary  is  considerably  in  excess  of  that 
of  the  new  couple  just  going  out.  Two  thousand  dollars  would  be 
nearly  the  maximum  under  any  circumstances. 

The  President.    A  premium  on  vital  statistics.     (Laughter.) 

Doctor  Bennett.  We  have  heard  a  great  deal  about  our  Baptist 
churches.  I  venture  to  recall  with  a  great  deal  of  pleasure  a  state- 
ment made  by  a  missionary :  "  The  proportion  of  self-supporting  Bap- 
tist churches  among  the  Karens  in  Burma  is  greater  than  in  any  State 
of  the  Northern  Baptist  Convention."  I  would  like  to  ask  whether 
any  of  those  churches  have  native  pastors? 

Mr.  Huntington.  I  would  suggest  that  Rev.  Walter  Bushell,  of 
the  Karen  Mission  in  Burma,  answer  that  question. 

Rev.  Walter  Bushell.  In  reply  to  the  brother,  I  would  say  that 
nearly  all  the  Karen  churches  have  pastors  and  they  provide  the 
salary  for  them  themselves.  In  my  own  association  we  have  thirty- 
one  churches.  So  we  passed  a  vote  that  not  any  money  voted  by 
our  Missionary  Society  in  America  should  be  paid  for  pastoral 
work.  All  the  assistance  that  the  pastors  of  the  Karen  churches 
get  in  my  association  comes  either  from  their  own  churches  or  from 
the  Karen  Home  Mission  Society.  They  do  not  receive  any  money 
for  pastoral  work  from  America. 

Mr.  Huntington.  May  I  give  just  a  few  figures  to  supplement 
Mr.  Bushell's  statement?  The  total  organized  churches  among  the 
Karens  are  835.  Of  these,  706  are  self-supporting.  There  are  192 
ordained  pastors  among  the  Karens  and  541  unordained. 

A  Delegate.    I  would  like  to  inquire  how  the  salaries  received  by 

84 


The  Judson  Centennial 


the  native  trained  workers  on  the  foreign  field  compare  with  salaries 
that  they  might  receive — trained  men — if  they  had  other  appoint- 
ments than  those  ofifered  them  in  Christian  service? 

The  President.  Doctor  Cummings,  of  Burma,  will  answer  that 
question. 

jMr.  Cummings.  The  salary  of  a  boy  who  has  passed  the  seventh 
standard  examination  and  goes  to  normal  school  and  takes  two  years' 
training — if  he  passes  with  the  primary  grade  certificate — begins  at 
50  rupees.  He  may  go  on  to  100  rupees  a  month.  If  he  passes  high 
and  gets  a  second  grade  certificate  he  begins  at  80  rupees;  he  may 
go  on  to  200  rupees  a  month.  Whereas  that  same  boy,  after  passing 
the  seventh  standard  examination,  if  he  spends  four  years  in  the 
seminary  and  then  comes  out,  may  expect  to  receive  from  a  Burman 
church  the  maximum  salary  of  30  rupees  a  month,  and  some  of  those 
men  take  such  a  salary  instead  of  the  higher  salary.  We  have  a 
case  in  point.  After  a  man  had  passed  the  government  examination 
and  was  drawing  about  180  rupees  a  month,  he  gave  up  that  work  to 
become  the  pastor  of  the  Moulmein  Baptist  Church  on  a  salary  of  50 
rupees  a  month  and  glories  in  an  opportunity  to  make  this  sacrifice 
for  his  Master.     (Applause.) 

A  Delegate.  I  would  like  to  ask  how  the  expenditures  of  the 
Baptist  Foreign  Mission  Society  in  proportion  to  the  number  of  con- 
verts reported  each  year  compare  with  the  figures  of  the  societies  of 
other  denominations? 

Doctor  Haggard.  This  Society  has  from  time  immemorial  com- 
pared most  favorably  with  all  the  other  societies  of  the  world  in  this 
respect — that  we  have  been  able  in  the  past  with  a  less  contribution, 
a  less  number  of  missionaries,  to  secure  a  much  larger  number  of 
converts. 

This  brought  Mrs.  Helen  Barrett  Montgomery  to  her  feet,  and  she 
spoke  with  much  fervor. 

Mrs.  Montgomery.  Mr.  Chairman,  I  think  it  is  our  disgrace. 
When  I  was  on  the  foreign  field  and  saw  how  we  brought  men  and 
women  into  the  church  of  God  and  refused  them  schools,  refused 
them  higher  training,  so  that  we  might  have  a  cheap  showing,  that  we 
might  say,  "  We  can  convert  more  converts  to  the  dollar  than  any 
other  denomination,"  and  then  found  that  the  Baptists  of  China  have 
not  one  man  thoroughly  enough  trained  to  give  to  the  government; 
that  other  denominations  had  the  primacy  which  they  had  taken  right 
away  from  us,  I  felt  ashamed.  I  think  it  is  time  for  us  to  quit  talking 
on  these  low  planes. 

85 


The  Judson  Centennial 


This  was  greeted  with  prolonged  applause,  which  showed  that  the 
Convention  appreciated  the  point.  The  delegate,  however,  pressed 
the  question  as  important,  and  said :  "  A  good  Presbyterian,  whose 
name  I  know,  contributed  to  the  Baptist  Society  because  that  was  a 
fact."  As  Mrs.  Montgomery  had  not  been  heard  by  many,  since  she 
spoke  from  the  floor,  she  was  now  called  to  the  platform. 

Mrs.  Montgomery.  I  spoke  in  a  sudden  heat  of  emotion.  It  seems 
to  me  we  have  made  the  mistake  of  counting  converts  rather 
than  weighing  them.  And  while  we  all  rejoice  that  God  has  hon- 
ored our  missionaries  by  giving  them  these  wonderful  ingatherings 
in  all  our  fields,  so  that  we  can  stand  before  the  whole  world  with 
perhaps  a  larger  number  of  converts  than  have  been  won  by  almost 
any  other  denomination,  the  thing  for  us  to  think  of  now  is,  what  we 
are  going  to  do  with  those  converts.  They  are  little  children ;  they 
come  from  different  sections  of  the  community,  many  of  them,  and 
they  need  strong,  well-equipped,  well-coordinated  schools  and  colleges 
and  seminaries,  and  we  are  letting  our  institutions  out  there  on  the 
foreign  field  be  absolutely  beggared  because  we  equip  them  so  poorly. 
We  send  out  missionaries  and  then  we  sit  here  at  home,  just  thinking 
all  the  time,  "Are  we  paying  a  little  too  much  for  it?"  We  have 
got  the  most  marvelous  opportunity  in  this  world  out  there  on  the 
field,  and  it  seems  to  me  that  the  thing  for  us  to  do  is  just  to  get 
together  and  get  this  denomination  behind  them,  and  do  some  team- 
work on  it,  and  not  think  so  much  about  the  machinery  over  here  that 
we  neglect  to  do  our  work  there.  I  don't  want  to  stand  up  and  find 
that  the  United  Presbyterians,  a  smaller,  weaker  denomination  than 
we,  with  not  as  many  rich  men  as  we,  give  five  times  as  much  per 
capita  as  do  the  Baptists  for  foreign  missions.  That  is  what  I  meant. 
I  hated  to  hear  that  thing  talked  of,  because  I  think  we  want  to  focus 
on  another  side  of  it,  and  that  is,  more  missionaries,  more  trainers, 
better  equipped  schools  out  on  our  foreign  field.     (Loud  applause.) 

Doctor  Haggard.  I  am  very  glad  that  Mrs.  Montgomery  has  said 
these  words,  which  I  most  heartily  approve.  While  what  I  said  was 
true  of  the  past,  I  should  have  added  that  the  same  conditions  do  not 
now  exist,  and  that  by  reason  of  their  better  schools  and  training,  the 
Presbyterian  and  other  denominations  are  now  beginning  to  surpass 
us  in  returns,  and  will  increasingly  do  so,  since  they  are  raising  up 
native  evangelists  thoroughly  trained. 

This  closed  an  incident  that  injected  considerable  life  into  the 
meeting.  Another  incident  that  enlivened  this  Open  Parliament  was 
when,    after   some   especially   elementary   question   had   been    asked, 

86 


The  Judson  Centennial 


Secretary  Bitting  caught  the  audience  by  saying:  "If  the  brethren 
had  read  the  Annual,  they  would  not  have  had  to  ask  any  of  these 
questions.  It  would  be  well  to  remember  that  the  Annual  is  not  a 
cemetery,  but  an  arsenal." 

Mr.  Huntington.  The  question  has  been  asked  as  to  the  attend- 
ance of  laymen  on  Board  meetings.     Doctor  Burton  will  answer. 

Doctor  Burton.  There  are  fifteen  ministers  and  twelve  laymen 
upon  the  Board.  Of  the  twelve  laymen,  five  live  west  of  New  York. 
The  seven  who  are  in  New  York  or  New  England  are  very  regular 
in  their  attendance  upon  all  the  meetings  of  the  Board.  The  five 
who  live  west  of  New  York  usually  attend  the  quarterly  meeting, 
and  all  of  the  laymen  on  the  Board  do  a  large  amount  of  work  on  the 
Board  and  its  committees. 

The  Open  Parliament  having  closed,  the  President  asked  Doctor 
Haggard  to  present  the  matter  of  the  Centennial  volume.  It  was 
explained  that  as  the  Board  of  Managers  was  unwilling  to  invest  any 
money  in  the  publication,  it  was  necessary  to  secure  five  hundred 
advance  subscriptions  to  guarantee  the  cost.  With  this  number  se- 
cured, the  Publication  Society  was  willing  to  publish  the  volume. 
Cards  were  circulated,  and  more  than  five  hundred  were  signed. 

A    THRILLING    ANNOUNCEMENT 

This  matter  happily  disposed  of.  President  Jones  announced  that  they 
were  ahead  of  the  clock,  which  had  got  tired  during  his  address  and 
stopped.  "  Let  us  all  be  good-humored.  We  must  not  complain  about 
Boston  weather.  We  have  had  six  days  of  bliss  and  we  can  endure 
two  days  of  blister.  Let  us  now  stand  and  sing  No.  283,  '  The 
morning  light  is  breaking.'  " 

After  the  singing  of  the  hymn  the  President  continued:  We  have 
some  thrilling  moments  before  us ;  let  us  be  very  quiet,  please.  A 
very,  very  important  announcement  has  just  come  to  the  platform; 
Doctor  Haggard  will  make  it. 

Doctor  Haggard.  When  leaving  the  building  last  night  I  was 
stopped  by  several  people  who  said  they  would  like  to  consider  the 
question  of  undertaking  the  support  of  "  Archie  "  Adams  and  his  wife. 
I  put  down  their  names,  four  or  five  in  a  list.  I  said,  "  You'd  better 
be  quick,  because  the  man  who  produces  the  money  will  probably  get 
them."  One  of  the  district  secretaries  has  just  brought  to  the  platform 
the  information  that  one  of  the  churches  in  a  near-by  district — he  does 
not  wish   the  name  given   now — is  prepared   to   stand   by   "  Archie  " 

87 


The  Judson  Centennial 


Adams  and  his  wife  to  the  extent  of  their  salary  for  five  years. 
(Prolonged  applause.)  That  means  a  considerable  increase  over  their 
giving,  but  the  church  is  abundantly  able  to  do  it.  I  wish  I  could 
give  you  the  name  of  the  church;  you  will  ultimately  know  it;  but 
we  are  very  grateful  for  that  offer  this  morning,  and  I  trust  it  may 
mean  that  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Adams  can  go  out  this  year. 

This  statement  was  a  breeder  of  enthusiasm  that  raised  the  meeting 
to  another  of  the  climactic  heights,  and  made  the  morning  memorable. 

INTRODUCTION    OF   REV.   ARTHUR   C.    BALDWIN,    FOREIGN    SECRETARY 

The  President.  Last  year  the  Society  ordered  that  the  Board 
should  engage  the  services  of  a  second  Foreign  Secretary,  and  I  have 
the  privilege  now  of  introducing  that  secretary,  the  Rev.  Arthur  C. 
Baldwin,  who  has  been  assigned  the  territory  of  British  India, 
especially  to  look  after  it.  We  count  ourselves  very  fortunate  in 
having  associated  with  the  able,  consecrated,  devoted  band  of  workers 
a  man  who  has  good  Baptist  eugenics,  the  son  of  a  Baptist  preacher, 
the  grandson  of  a  Baptist  preacher,  a  preacher,  a  scholar,  and  a 
devoted  servant  of  Jesus  Christ.    I  present  Mr.  Baldwin.    (Applause.) 

Rev.  Arthur  C.  Baldwin.  I  count  it  a  very  great  privilege  to 
stand  here  and  to  feel  that  I  am  related  in  some  way  with  this  great 
work.  I  feel  the  bigness  of  it.  I  never  would  have  dared  to  have 
thought  of  my  own  name  in  connection  with  it  in  this  way.  But  I 
have  always  loved  it,  and  I  can  bring  to  it  to-day  my  faith  and  my 
love.  I  believe  in  the  Great  Commission.  I  believe  that  Jesus  Christ 
meant  what  he  said  when  he  said,  "  Go  ye  into  all  the  world." 
Whatever  the  method  may  be,  the  end  is  sure.  I  believe  that  the 
gospel  of  Jesus  Christ  can  meet  the  needs  of  all  men.  I  believe  that 
if  the  world  is  to-day  becoming  a  neighborhood,  it  is  going  to  be  a 
brotherhood.  I  believe  that  the  spirit  of  truth  is  going  to  prevail  in 
the  hearts  of  men,  so  that  not  only  the  hearts  of  men  alone,  but  the 
homes  of  men  and  the  social  relations  of  men  and  the  economic  life 
of  men  and  the  governments  of  men  shall  all  come  under  the  redeeming 
touch  of  the  Son  of  God. 

My  imagination  thrills  as  I  look  forward  into  what  this  century 
must  reveal  to  us.  We  have  all  of  us  been  stirred  as  we  have  looked 
back.  But  oh,  what  is  going  to  come  in  these  next  few  years?  As 
the  voices  from  many  lands  call  to  us,  my  friends,  I  am  glad — I  am 
glad  to  be  living  in  a  day  when  I  can  join  my  hand  with  so  many 
more  of  this  great  Baptist  denomination  in  bringing  in  these  things 

88 


The  Judson  Centennial 


of  the  kingdom  of  God  that  are  so  near  to  us.  I  count  it  a  great 
privilege  to  work  with  others  toward  this  end. 

I  believe  the  day  is  not  very  far  away  when  what  we  see  here  now 
is  going  to  touch  the  imagination  of  our  people,  of  our  churches, 
just  as  to-day  philanthropy  and  education  in  this  country  have 
caught  the  imagination  and  the  hearts  of  our  people.  We  were  all 
impressed  profoundly  yesterday  as  we  saw  the  gifts  coming  in  in 
small  and  large  amounts,  representing  the  sacrifice  and  interest  of  so 
many;  but  ah,  friends,  the  day  is  coming  when  this  great  cause  is 
going  to  make  an  appeal  mightier  than  any  appeal  we  could  give 
just  now;  when  our  wealthy  men  are  going  to  hear  that  appeal  as  they 
now  hear  the  appeal  of  our  own  universities ;  when  men  are  going  to 
give  their  fifty  thousand  and  their  hundred  thousand  as  now  they  give 
their  thousand;  when  we  are  going  to  see  millions  of  dollars  for  mis- 
sion endowment  given  as  a  matter  of  course  where  now  we  see  it 
given  in  just  such  amounts  for  work  that  is  close  at  hand.  That  time 
is  coming.  We  are  going  to  see  men  pouring  it  out,  and  w-e  are  going 
to  see  these  missionaries  as  pioneers  of  a  new  educational  and  social 
and  heart-to-heart  redemptive  work  that  is  going  to  bind  this  whole 
great  world  of  ours  by  golden  chains  to  the  throne  of  God.  I  feel 
to-day  as  though  we  are  amongst  the  pioneers  of  the  new  century, 
the  new  work  that  is  going  to  tell  more  visibly  than  anything  that 
yet  has  been  done. 

I  want,  as  secretary,  very  much  to  know  every  missionary  who  is 
upon  the  field  that  has  been  assigned  to  me.  I  want  to  be  a  brother 
to  them,  a  friend  to  them.  I  want  to  be  their  coworker.  And  I  tell 
you,  my  friends,  one  thing  that  is  in  my  heart  after  these  few  months 
of  service  in  the  Rooms;  I  want  these  people  who  are  now  on  the 
field  to  be  equipped.  (Applause.)  My  heart  goes  out  as  we  see  these 
new  faces  coming  and  these  who  want  to  go  out,  and  we  want  to 
send  them,  every  one.  But  it  is  not  always  economy  to  put  two  men, 
each  of  them  poorly  equipped,  upon  a  station  where  ten  per  cent 
increase  in  the  one  man's  equipment  would  increase  his  efficiency  one 
hundred  per  cent.  I  wish  to  see  these  missionaries  have  those  things 
that  they  need  that  will  save  them  from  burning  out  in  a  few  years. 
They  ought  to  have  a  motor-boat  where  it  is  required;  they  ought 
to  have  a  motor-cycle  where  it  is  required;  they  ought  to  have  these 
buildings  where  they  are  required.  It  is  not  economy  to  put  men 
upon  the  field  and  not  give  them  the  tools  with  which  to  work;  to 
put  a  man  on  the  firing-line  and  take  away  his  powder.  And  while  I 
long  to  see  the  fields  manned  to  the  full,  I  want  to  say  to  my  fellow 

89 


The  Judson  Centennial 


workers,  these  who  are  here  and  those  who  are  beyond,  so  far  as  I 
have  any  voice  at  all,  I  will  use  it  to  have  those  who  are  there 
equipped  heart  and  hand  with  the  things  that  they  must  have  if  they 
are  to  be  efficient. 

I  want  to  express  the  thankfulness  that  I  have  in  my  heart  that 
I  can  work  with  the  people  with  whom  I  am  working.  I  wish  that 
this  denomination  could  know  the  prayer-life  of  the  Board.  I  wish 
you  could  know  the  prayer-life  up  there  in  the  Rooms,  the  fellowship 
that  is  there,  the  love  that  is  there,  the  burden-bearing  that  I  have 
seen.  It  is  a  privilege  to  be  among  them  and  to  feel  oneself  upheld 
among  them,  to  find  oneself  guided  by  them.  Brethren,  your  Board  is 
praying  and  your  Board  is  working.  Pray  with  them  and  support 
them  as  God  enables  you.     (Applause.) 

BRIEF  ADDRESSES  BY  MISSIONARIES 

The  President.  Now,  we  are  to  hear  from  a  few  of  our  mis- 
sionaries. Artemus  Ward  said  when  the  last  appeal  came  for  volun- 
teers he  got  so  patriotic  that  he  sent  all  of  his  wife's  relatives  to  the 
front.  (Laughter.)  It  is  not  that  kind  of  patriotism  that  stirs  us. 
Our  very  choicest  men  and  women  are  going.  I  have  the  pleasure 
first  of  introducing  Rev.  S.  E.  Moon,  of  the  Congo.     (Applause.) 

ADDRESS    OF    REV.    S.    E.    MOON,    CONGO 

Once  upon  a  time  a  little  child  was  brought  into  a  great  convention. 
It  was  found  in  the  tall  grasses.  Its  first  bath  was  a  dash  of  cold 
water;  its  swaddling-clothes  were  simply  black,  bare  skin,  and  the 
person  who  brought  this  child  to  the  convention  was  not  able  to 
take  care  of  it,  and  asked  the  convention  if  they  would  have  it. 
It  had  a  beautiful  little  smile;  it  had  as  pretty  little  dimples  as 
any  child  ever  had,  but  it  was  black  and  no  one  wanted  it.  Then 
there  stood  up  a  good  man,  and  he  had  the  accents  of  Christ  in  his 
appealing  voice,  and  he  said,  "  If  no  one  else  wants  it,  I  want  it  for 
myself  and  my  great  church."  And  when  they  saw  that  others  wanted 
it,  then  they  too  wanted  that  child.  That  child  is  the  Congo,  and 
you  are  heirs  of  that  great  convention. 

You  to-day  want  to  know  what  we  are  doing  with  that  child.  Let 
me  tell  you  first  what  you  have  done  with  that  child.  You  took  that 
child  on  the  Congo,  and  the  first  thing  you  did  with  it  was  to  starve  it 
nearly  to  death.     For  I  want  to  tell  you  an  actual  fact.     Before  you 

90 


The  Judson  Centennial 


got  around  to  really  supporting  that  mission  and  sending  out  sup- 
plies for  it,  one  of  the  children  of  our  missionaries — six  in  the 
family — came  near  to  death,  and  they  were  just  about  to  divide  the 
last  tin  of  condensed  milk  when  your  supplies  finally  arrived.  And  a 
little  later  you  cut  off  the  left  arm,  and  that  was  Mukimvika,  and  that 
left  arm  has  become  a  great  mission.  It  belongs  now  to  the  Swedish 
Mission  Society  of  Sweden,  and  they  have  a  great  work  up  there 
on  the  north  bank  of  the  Congo  River.  The  next  thing  you  did  with 
it  was  to  cut  off  its  head,  Ikoko,  and  how  we  have  ever  been  able 
to  keep  the  child  alive  is  more  than  I  can  understand.  (Laughter.) 
But  we  have  done  the  best  we  could  with  it,  and  we  have  got  it  up  to 
the  high-chair  stage,  and  we  are  asking  you  to-day  to  give  it  a  seat  at 
the  table  with  the  rest  of  you. 

To  lift  a  people  up  chair-high  may  seem  a  trivial  task.  But  when 
you  know  that  that  people  have  been  for  thousands  of  years  sitting 
on  the  ground,  sleeping  on  the  ground,  eating  on  the  ground,  their 
whole  life  on  the  level  of  the  ground,  you  will  understand  that  it  has 
been  a  tremendous  task.  The  tools  and  processes  necessary  to  bring 
that  about  are  interesting.  A  simple  story  will  illustrate.  It  was 
only  a  little  girl  five  years  of  age.  Her  father  was  one  of  my  most 
faithful  and  efficient  workers  at  Kimpesi.  Seeing  the  advantages 
which  women  had  there  in  the  trade  school  he  wanted  his  wife 
brought  there  too.  He  was  assured  that  he  could  bring  her  if  she 
would  come  and  help  Mrs.  Moon  in  her  work.  She  came  with  two 
little  children,  and  by  special  privilege  she  was  allowed  to  take  classes 
with  the  women  in  the  training  school.  She  learned  faithfully  and 
slowly,  but  by  and  by  she  learned  enough  to  sew  a  garment,  and  Mrs. 
Moon  had  her  make  a  little  dress.  The  morning  when  the  dress  was 
put  on  the  little  child  I  can  see  her  yet ;  a  prouder  little  girl  I  never 
saw,  and  scarcely  prouder  mother.  She  \vent  about  all  noontime  with 
her  food  in  her  hand  and  stood  eating  it.  In  the  afternoon  she  went 
and  sat  for  a  while  in  a  seat  in  the  primary  school.  Then  she  came 
out  of  school  and  still  remained  standing  about  until  her  mother, 
seeing  how  weary  she  was,  said  to  her  impatiently,  "  Why  don't 
you  sit  down?"  And  the  little  girl  said,  "I  don't  want  to  sit  down 
because  I  will  get  my  dress  dirty." 

What  was  it  that  made  that  little  girl  so  careful  of  that  beautiful 
dress  and  so  careful  to  keep  it  clean  ?  It  was  because  she  was  where 
other  children  were  dressed,  and  where  the  garments  were  kept  clean, 
and  because  she,  like  all  God's  children,  loved  the  bright  and  the  clean 
and  the  beautiful.    Why  was  it  that  the  mother  wanted  to  come  away 

91 


The  Judson  Centennial 


from  her  village  and  leave  all  that  she  had  and  come  to  learn  to  read 
and  write  and  to  become  a  better  mother?  It  is  because  of  nothing 
less  than  that  the  spirit  of  Christ  had  touched  her  heart.  Why  was  it 
that  the  father  wanted  to  bring  his  children  to  the  school?  It  is 
because  the  teacher  had  gone  out  and  carried  there  the  message  of 
Jesus  Christ  and  his  love  with  his  teachings. 

You  see  that  picture  there  of  Christ  at  the  carpenter's  bench?  Do 
you  see  that  beautiful  face  flaming  with  the  touch  of  abundant  light, 
standing  there  with  the  shavings  all  round  about  him?  Do  you  think 
if  he  had  seen  that  day  what  the  missionaries  saw  that  he  would 
not  have  taken  three  sticks  of  wood  and  some  boards  and  fastened 
them  together  into  a  three-legged  stool  and  put  it  under  the  little 
girl  that  she  might  sit  upon  it? 

Somehow  I  don't  know  in  the  Congo  whether  we  believe  the  social 
gospel  or  the  simple  old  evangel,  but  it  gets  mighty  mixed  up,  and 
the  story  I  am  telling  I  want  to  see  right  through.  We  want  in  the 
Congo  chairs  for  these  people.  You  ask  me  how  many  chairs  we 
want?  We  want  at  least  three  hundred  chairs  for  our  native  teachers 
and  evangelist  preachers.  We  want  forty-five  hundred  chairs  for  our 
church-members  alone,  and  six  thousand  chairs  for  our  school  chil- 
dren. If  I  asked  three  thousand  delegates  here  to-day  for  chairs 
to  go  out  to  Congo,  I  suppose  you  would  load  a  ship  full  with  them. 
But  I  don't  want  your  chairs,  I  want  your  prayers.  We  don't  want  to 
take  out  wood  material  to  Congo,  we  want  to  take  the  precious  gospel 
out  there.  We  don't  want  to  take  anything  but  the  richest  and  reddest 
life-blood  you  have  got  out  there  to  Africa,  and  with  this  we  will 
tell  the  gospel  story  out  in  the  heathen  villages,  in  the  jungles  of 
Africa;  then  the  hearts  touched  will  come  to  our  village  schools, 
and  they  will  get  their  training  there,  then  we  will  send  them  from 
the  village  schools  up  to  Kimpesi  for  a  further  term.  We  will  try 
to  make  them  leaders  of  their  own  people,  and  then  we  will  send 
them  out  into  the  jungles  far  afield  to  proclaim  Jesus  Christ  to  the 
world  out  there. 

Do  you  know,  it  seems  to  me  that  the  whole  range  of  Christian 
service  to-day  is  just  the  preaching  of  the  gospel  to  the  heathen, 
teaching  them  the  way  of  life,  lifting  them  up  little  by  little,  and 
then  as  they  become  lifted  up  and  have  better  impulses  for  higher 
living,  just  to  meet  those  impulses  as  fast  as  they  arise  in  your 
presence.  Now,  we  want  for  the  Congo  work  a  good  equipment  for 
every  one  of  our  stations  from  the  coast  to  Ikoko,  and  I  wish  I  could 
say  far  into  the  interior.    I  ask  you  to  hear  Mr.  Moody's  appeal  and 

92 


The  Judson  Centennial 


send  it  far  down  into  that  region  where  he  has  built  a  new  station, 
that  there  in  the  jungles  of  Africa  we  may  preach  the  gospel  to  these 
people,  then  from  these  jungles  get  the  boys  and  girls  into  our  mis- 
sions and  we  will  train  them  and  send  them  back.  We  have  a 
wonderful  chance  to  take  these  people  as  they  come  up  from  the 
jungles.  As  we  look  out  from  our  little  veranda  to  the  brow  of  a 
little  hill  we  see  the  students  coming,  the  first  week  in  October,  and 
as  we  watch  them  come  around  the  brow  of  the  hill  we  recognize  the 
old  students  by  their  walk  or  by  some  peculiarity.  Then  pretty  soon 
we  see  a  man  with  a  slight  burden  upon  his  shoulder.  About  fifty 
feet  behind  him  we  see  a  woman  coming  with  a  great  bundle  on  her 
shoulders,  a  little  child  hanging  at  her  side  and  another  one  hang- 
ing to  her  hand  or  running  alongside,  and  we  see  instinctively  that 
those  are  new  students.  And  sure  enough  they  are.  As  they  stand 
before  us  they  do  look  bushy  enough,  almost  hopeless ;  but  there  is 
an  honest  seriousness  in  his  eye  and  a  kindly  beam  in  her  face,  and 
we  give  them  a  house  in  which  they  are  to  live  during  the  three  years 
they  are  to  be  at  Kimpesi.  They  spend  the  first  year  with  us  and  go 
back  to  their  station.  The  next  time  they  come  back  over  the  brow 
of  the  hill  the  burdens  on  their  shoulders  are  more  nearly  equal,  and 
the  distance  between  the  man  and  his  wife  is  only  about  twenty  feet. 
And  then  they  are  with  us  another  year,  and  they  go  back  for  the  last 
vacation.  They  come  for  their  final  year  at  Kimpesi,  and  the  stolid 
man,  the  man  with  the  serious,  honest  eye,  is  starring  in  his  classes, 
and  I  always  felt  that  I  didn't  do  him  quite  justice  when  I  marked 
him  75  to  80  per  cent  in  his  examinations.  His  wife  has  learned 
to  read  slowly  and  painfully,  but  chiefly  a  few  words  in  the  New 
Testament,  and  she  has  learned  how  to  sew  a  little  garment.  And 
when  commencement  time  comes  the  man  and  his  wife  march  out 
side  by  side.  (Applause.)  I  wish  you  could  be  in  the  heart  of 
Africa  to  know  what  that  means.  And  he  goes  back  to  the  village 
from  which  he  came.  He  organizes  the  village  schools ;  he  puts 
teachers  in  the  places  where  they  are  calling  for  them  if  there  are 
enough  to  go  around;  and  in  the  village  in  which  he  lives  he  builds 
a  splendid  brick  chapel,  because  he  has  learned  to  make  bricks  at 
Kimpesi,  and  he  wrote  in  a  letter  to  me — the  beggar  that  he  always 
was — he  is  a  splendid  beggar:  "  I  have  got  my  chapel  built,  and  I  am 
ready  to  put  the  roof  on,  but  I  want  you  to  send  me  some  windows 
for  the  chapel."  And  do  you  know,  when  there  is  not  a  single  light  in 
all  the  houses  of  Africa,  I  am  glad  to  take  some  window-glass  with 
me  in  the  ship  this  time  and  help  him  to  make  the  frames  at  Kimpesi 


93 


The  Judson  Centennial 


and  put  light  into  the  Httle  chapel  he  has  builded  with  his  own  hands. 
And  his  wife  is  teaching  the  women  to  read.  What  do  you  think  of 
that?  She  can  only  read  a  little  herself,  but  she  is  teaching  all  she 
knows;  and  best  of  all,  she  is  teaching  those  women  to  sew.  I  don't 
know  how  she  does  it,  but  she  is  teaching  the  women  in  that  dis- 
trict how  to  live  better  and  how  to  take  better  care  of  their  children, 
and  she  is  exemplifying  Christ  Jesus  before  them — the  most  honored 
woman  in  all  that  district. 

I  wish  I  could  tell  you  of  a  little  fellow  found  as  an  orphan  boy 
in  the  jungle  of  Africa.  He  was  taken  by  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Frederick- 
son,  who  are  on  the  platform  to-day,  and  if  I  don't  tell  the  truth  they 
can  call  me  down.  He  was  trained  at  their  mission,  proved  an  efficient 
and  faithful  boy,  and  they  sent  him  down  to  Kimpesi.  We  had  him 
three  years  with  us  and  sent  him  back  home  to  take  up  the  work, 
and  he  is  district  superintendent  over  sixty  thousand  people  in  the 
district  of  Sona  Bata.  Because  he  was  a  good  scribe  and  wrote 
readily  the  state  officials  of  the  railroad  company  have  always  been 
trying  to  get  him  away  from  the  mission  station.  Just  before  I 
came  away  on  furlough  I  was  at  Sona  Bata  visiting,  and  a  state  man 
spent  two  hours  with  Mr.  Frederickson  pleading  that  he  might  have 
that  boy  go  to  work  for  him,  and  he  offered  five  times  the  salary  that 
the  boy  was  getting  in  the  missionary  station,  and  the  second  year 
would  give  him  a  rise  in  salary.  Mr.  Frederickson  thought  it  was  not 
fair  not  to  give  the  boy  a  chance  to  answer  for  himself,  and  he  called 
him  up  before  the  state  official  in  my  presence  and  said  to  him :  "  You 
know  the  state  man  has  been  here  three  times  and  wants  you  to  be 
his  clerk,  and  the  salary  will  be  five  times  what  we  are  giving  you, 
and  I  thought  I  ought  to  let  you  say  how  you  felt  about  it."  And 
that  little  fellow  straightened  himself  up — he  could  not  straighten 
himself  up  much  higher  than  a  little  above  my  shoulder — but  he 
straightened  himself  up  as  far  as  he  could,  and  he  said  in  his  native 
tongue  (the  stenographer  gave  up  this  sentence),  which,  being  inter- 
preted, is,  "  If  you,  Mr.  Frederickson,  want  me  to  go — if  you,  Mr. 
Moon,  my  teacher,  want  me  to  go.  I  will  go,  but  I  don't  want  to  go; 
I  want  to  preach  the  gospel  of  Jesus  Christ."     (Great  applause.) 

Do  you  know,  out  in  the  West — I  am  from  the  West — out  in  Minne- 
sota, but  they  say  it  about  Iowa,  and  I  suppose  will  make  it  true  of 
all  the  great  middle  West — ^you  interpret  our  commercialism  as  "  more 
hogs,  to  buy  more  land,  to  raise  more  corn,  to  feed  more  hogs,  to  buy 
more  land,  to  raise  more  com,  to  feed  more  hogs,  to  buy  more  land, 
to  raise  more  corn."     xA.nd  I  suppose  here  on  the  Atlantic  and  on  the 


94 


The  Judson  Centennial 


Pacific  coast  you  would  float  more  bonds  to  cut  off  more  coupons, 
to  buy  more  stock,  to  float  more  bonds,  to  cut  off  more  coupons,  to 
buy  more  stock.  We  preach  the  gospel  that  we  may  make  converts, 
that  we  may  train  efficient  leaders  to  preach  the  gospel,  to  win  a 
greater  number  of  converts,  to  train  up  more  efficient  leaders  that 
they  may  preach  more  gospel,  lifting  up,  lifting  up  the  people.  Will 
you  not  help  us  to  lift  up  the  people  in  the  heart  of  Africa?  (Ap- 
plause.) 

The  President.  My  brethren,  the  only  reason  in  the  world  I  would 
stop  one  missionary  from  speaking  is  that  I  may  start  another  one. 
Aren't  you  proud  that  in  darkest  Africa  we  have  this  kind  of  moon- 
shine? (Laughter  and  applause.)  I  want  to  say  that  there  are 
some  stars  there  also  of  the  first  magnitude.  Will  the  other  mis- 
sionaries from  the  Congo  rise  and  stand  with  Brother  Moon. 

(The  other  Congo  missionaries  present  rose  and  were  presented  to 
the  audience  by  the  President.) 

Mr.  Moon.  I  am  not  the  only  Moon  out  in  Africa;  I  have  three 
little  Moons. 

The  President.  I  did  not  intend  to  say  anything  more,  but 
down  in  Kentucky  there  used  to  be  a  habit  in  the  mountains  of  men 
distilling  something  that  they  called  dew,  and  they  called  them  moon- 
shiners. A  few  years  ago  a  great  tall  fellow  came  before  the  judge 
of  the  court,  and  the  judge  said,  "What  is  your  name?"  "Joshua." 
"Are  you  the  Joshua  that  made  the  sun  stand  still?"  "No,  judge, 
I'm  the  Joshua  that  made  the  moonshine  still."  (Laughter.)  I  hope 
the  Moon  will  always  shine. 

I  now  have  the  great  privilege  of  introducing  Rev.  G.  H.  Hamlen, 
of  Bengal-Orissa,  that  great  mission  that  came  to  us  with  our 
glorious  comrades  of  the  Free  Baptist  Church. 

Secretary  Levy.  Made  a  Doctor  of  Divinity  yesterday.  (Ap- 
plause.) 

address   of   rev.   G.    H.    hamlen,   BENGAL-ORISSA 

I  have  the  privilege  of  speaking  to-day  for  the  latest  comer  among 
the  Baptist  missions,  although  not  the  youngest  mission  by  any  means. 
It  is  a  great  matter  of  pride  to  some  of  us  that  the  beginning  of  our 
mission  was  connected  so  closely  with  the  work  that  Judson  did,  as 
well  as  with  the  work  that  was  done  by  William  Carey.  A  man  who 
went  to  India  in  answer  to  some  of  the  appeals  of  William  Carey, 
whose  name  was  Amos  Sutton,  came  to  this  land  and  stirred  up  our 
people  so  that  they  began  a  mission.     He  had  married  the  widow  of 

95 


The  Judson  Centennial 


a  missionary  who  had  worked  with  Sutton,  and  he  went  back  to  India. 
He  had  two  missionaries  from  the  Free  Baptist  churches,  and  he  had 
a  missionary  from  the  Baptist  churches.  That  missionary  from  the 
Baptist  churches  began  the  great  Telugu  mission  and  the  two  mis- 
sionaries of  the  Free  Baptists  began  what  is  now  the  Bengal-Orissa 
mission.  As  you  know,  the  Free  Baptists  had  a  little  disagreement 
with  the  Baptists  at  the  beginning  or  somewhere  back  of  the  begin- 
ning of  our  history  in  America;  I  don't  know  just  where. 

A  Voice.    Let  us  forget  it. 

Doctor  Hamlen.  I  am  trying  to  forget  it.  And  recently  we  have 
had  an  agreement  which  has  brought  us  all  together.  (Great  ap- 
plause.) 

I  am  here  to-day  to  represent  the  mission  work  which  our  people 
have  been  carrying  on  for  seventy-eight  years,  beginning  way  back  in 
1856.  And  also  I  represent  the  oldest  mission  of  our  missions,  which 
is  called  Balasore,  and  was  begun  in  1838.  I  have  here  in  my  hands 
a  little  pamphlet  called  "  Missions  in  Bengal."  I  am  not  going  to 
try  to  repeat  what  is  in  that,  but  I  shall  say  a  few  things  that  pos- 
sibly you  might  find  in  it  if  you  get  that  pamphlet  and  read  it. 

The  field  in  which  our  work  is  carried  on  is  not  very  large  in  area, 
but  it  is  large  in  population.  We  have  two  districts  out  of  the  great 
country  in  which  we  live.  You  might  call  them  counties  here  in 
America.  One  of  the  districts  has  an  area  of  two  thousand  square 
miles.  I  believe  it  is  about  equal  to  the  area  of  the  State  of  Delaware, 
and  it  has  a  population  five  times  as  great,  over  a  million  people.  We 
have  another  district  over  there  which  is  about  as  large  as  the 
State  of  Kentucky,  and  it  has  two  and  a  half  times  as  many  people. 
It  is  called  the  Midnapore  district.  And  in  these  two  districts,  which 
measure  about  seven  thousand  square  miles  and  have  about  3,500,000 
people,  are  more  people  than  in  any  State  in  this  Union  except  New 
York,  Pennsylvania,  Ohio,  and  Illinois.  We  have  more  people  to 
care  for  than  there  are  in  any  State  except  those  four,  and  nearly  as 
many  as  there  are  in  the  great  State  of  Texas,  which  has  thirty-eight 
times  the  area. 

We  have  at  the  present  time  five  men  missionaries  and  ten  women. 
We  had  more  than  that  when  I  went  back  to  the  country  nine  years 
ago ;  there  were  nine  men  and  sixteen  women ;  but  before  the  union  was 
consummated  several  of  the  men  had  to  leave  the  field,  and  it  has 
been  found  impossible  to  bring  the  number  up  to  what  it  was  before. 
But,  friends,  you  cannot  always  count  the  amount  of  work  that  is 
done  by  the  numbers,  as  we  have  heard  so  many  times  here. 

96 


The  Judson  Centennial 


If  I  could  only  transfer  to  your  minds  some  of  the  pictures  that 
are  in  my  own  of  what  I  have  seen  there  in  India,  of  how  men  are 
groping  after  the  truth,  and  men  are  seeking  after  salvation,  and 
how  in  a  little  degree  we  have  been  able  to  help  them,  I  should  be 
very  glad.  We  have  evangelistic  work.  We  have  ten  ordained  and 
over  fifty  unordained  men  who  are  preaching  the  gospel.  There  are 
over  twenty  "  Bible-women  " — that  is,  women  who  go  out  and  teach 
the  women  in  their  homes.  There  are  nearly  four  hundred  teachers. 
I  am  sorry  to  say  that  part  of  them  are  not  Christians,  but  about  half 
of  them  are  Christians.  There  are  about  sixteen  hundred  church 
homes.  I  think  that  a  proportion  of  two  hundred  and  fifty  workers 
out  of  sixteen  hundred  members,  is  fair,  considering  that  most  of 
these  are  really  efficient  in  view  of  their  opportunities. 

We  have  also  a  very  efficient  system  of  schools.  Evidently  our 
missionaries  have  not  made  the  mistake  of  neglecting  school  work. 
Although  we  have  been  accused  of  giving  too  much  to  our  school 
work,  I  think  it  is  not  true.  It  is  true  that  amongst  all  these  people, 
perhaps,  we  ought  to  do  a  great  deal  more  evangelistic  work.  We 
might,  if  we  had  more  workers,  but  we  are  endeavoring  to  train 
the  forces  that  shall  do  the  work,  because  we  ourselves  can  never 
do  it. 

We  have  a  high  school,  of  which  I  had  the  privilege  of  being  the 
head  during  the  time  I  was  in  the  field,  twenty  years,  nearly,  and  in 
that  school  there  are  at  present  two  hundred  and  fifty  boys. 

I  want  to  say  this,  because  I  have  heard  frequently  in  this  Con- 
vention the  teaching  of  the  Bible  mentioned.  The  teaching  of  the 
Bible  is  something  which  we  insist  upon  in  every  one  of  our  schools. 
(Applause.)  Not  only  do  we  insist  upon  it,  but  we  find  very  little 
opposition  to  it.  When  we  began  our  high  school  there  were  boys 
who  came  to  it  who  would  sit  with  their  fingers  in  their  ears  during 
the  teaching  of  the  Bible  lesson.  We  require  it  in  every  class,  and  it 
is  taught  by  a  Christian  teacher  every  time.  But  very  soon  their 
fingers  would  come  out,  and  they  would  begin  to  get  interested, 
and  we  find  that  the  teaching  of  the  Bible  is  something  that  is 
beginning  to  take  hold  of  the  boys  themselves,  and  through  them 
reaching  their  homes,  because  the  workers  that  go  into  their  homes 
find  that  not  only  in  this  school,  but  in  other  schools,  the  boys  are 
learning  enough  about  the  Bible  so  they  can  even  assist  our  Christian 
workers  in  explaining  the  stories  and  telling  about  Jesus  Christ. 

I  want  to  say  another  thing  that  came  to  my  knowledge  this  last 
year,  a  thing  that  impressed  me  very  much.     The  government  of  the 


97 


The  Judson  Centennial 


province  in  which  our  mission  is  located  is  searching  for  some  means 
by  which  they  can  have  more  religious  education  in  their  schools — and 
I  mean  religious  education.  Perhaps  some  of  you  may  hear  some 
time  the  government  of  India  slurred.  I  want  to  say  that  I  am  proud 
to  work  under  the  government  of  India.  (Applause.)  I  believe  every 
missionary  from  India  here  to-day  will  agree  with  me  in  that.  It  is 
not  perfect,  but  it  is  a  government  that  assists  us,  and  this  govern- 
ment has  been  so  pleased  with  the  work  that  we  were  endeavoring  to 
do  that  they  are  constantly  giving  us  help  in  doing  the  secular  part 
of  it.  Of  course  they  cannot  contribute  to  our  religious  work,  we  do 
not  want  them  to,  but  without  any  hindrance  at  all  to  our  religious 
work,  rather  approving  it,  they  are  giving  us  large  grants  for  our 
schools.  We  get  fifty  dollars  a  month  for  our  high  school;  we  get 
many  dollars  a  month,  I  suppose  some  hundreds  of  dollars  every 
month,  for  other  schools  throughout  our  mission,  and  we  have  always 
worked  in  the  greatest  harmony  with  the  officials  of  the  government, 
whether  Englishmen  or  natives  of  the  country. 

We  have  industrial  work  also.  People  like  to  know  that  we  are 
doing  something  in  that  line.  In  the  station  where  I  work  we  have 
the  best  industrial  school  in  all  that  region. 

Now,  friends,  I  want  to  tell  you  that  v>^e  have  a  marvelous  oppor- 
tunity right  there  in  our  mission.  I  will  not  take  the  second  place  to 
any  other  mission  that  I  know  of,  because  among  those  3,500,000  odd 
of  people  we  are  the  only  mission,  and  for  a  distance  of  150  miles 
there  are  no  other  Christian  schools.  The  people  of  the  country  are 
begging  us  to  have  a  college.  They  say,  "  Why  don't  you  start  a  col- 
lege for  us?  We  want  a  college."  And  the  only  answer  I  can  give 
is  that  there  is  nobody  to  give  the  money  for  the  college.  It  would 
not  take  much  to  start  a  college,  but  we  cannot  do  it  for  lack  of  funds. 
But,  friends,  they  have  confidence  in  us.  There  is  a  little  Christian 
church  in  the  country,  a  church  of  twenty-five,  that  has  grown  in 
the  last  two  or  three  years  simply  by  the  study  of  the  Scripture  itself. 
A  little  while  before  I  came  here  the  members  of  that  church  said  to 
me,  "  You  are  going  away."  "  Yes,  but  there  is  another  man  here." 
"  Yes,  but  we  don't  know  him  yet.  You  have  been  here  a  long  time, 
and  we  know  you,  but  we  don't  know  him."  Everywhere  it  is  true 
that  wherever  our  missionaries  are  becoming  known  they  are  gaining 
the  confidence  of  the  people  in  a  marvelous  way.  One  of  our  men  is  a 
member  of  the  district  board,  a  public  body.  Other  men  are  called 
upon  for  other  public  functions  and  we  are  gaining  this  confidence 
when  the  people  know  that  we  are  distinctively  and  always  preaching 

98 


The  Judson  Centennial 


Christ,  because  we  believe  that  there  is  one  Saviour  of  men  and  only 
one  way  of  salvation,  and  we  preach  that  to  every  man.  I  have  not 
time  to  say  more,  but  I  want  to  say  this:  It  has  given  me  a  great 
deal  of  joy — I  only  wish  that  all  our  missionaries  could  have  been 
here  and  mingled  with  you  in  this  Convention — it  has  been  a  great 
joy  to  know  that  after  the  years  of  separation  we  are  all  one  again  in 
the  great  army  of  the  Lord.     (Applause.) 

The  President.  I  would  like  the  other  members  of  this  mission 
to  stand. 

[The  members  of  the  mission  rose  and  were  greeted  with  hearty 
applause.] 

A  Delegate.  May  I  say  one  word  in  reference  to  the  work  of  the 
brother  who  has  just  spoken?  Our  church,  a  little  church  in  the  hills 
near  Binghamton,  New  York,  has  taken  much  interest  in  his  work 
and  our  Sunday-school  has  during  the  last  year  maintained  a  native 
worker  at  his  mission,  and  will  support  two  next  year. 

The  President.  That  speech  is  always  in  order.  I  now  have  the 
pleasure  of  introducing  Rev.  J.  M.  Baker,  of  South  India.  (Ap- 
plause.) 

ADDRESS   OF   REV.    J.    M.    BAKER,    SOUTH    INDIA 

Ongole,  the  Telugu  Mission — that  is,  the  Lone  Star  Mission — has 
always  been  and  is  the  pride  of  our  denomination.  But  if  it  is  to 
remain  so,  and  we  are  not  to  live  on  our  past  reputation  and  history, 
as  our  secretary  says,  there  must  be  intensive  as  well  as  extensive 
development  of  that  field.  In  this  age  of  the  development  of  the 
East  and  in  this  age  of  the  development  of  missions,  it  is  not  to  be 
expected  that  our  denomination  is  to  have  anything  in  those  lands 
without  paying  for  it.  In  fact,  in  this  world  we  have  little  without 
paying  for  it.  It  seems  to  me  that  the  old  colored  preacher  hit  it  about 
right  when  he  said  to  his  church  one  Sunday  morning :  "  Brethren,  I 
tell  you  that  the  water  of  the  gospel  of  this  church  is  free — yes,  free, 
but  you've  got  to  pay  for  the  hydrant." 

The  other  day  I  visited  up  in  the  Newton  Cemetery  the  grave  of  a 
man  who  once  saved  the  Telugu  Mission  by  writing  a  poem.  His 
name  was  S.  F.  Smith.  (Applause.)  Just  beyond  his  grave  I  visited 
the  grave  of  another  man  who  saved  the  Telugu  Mission  by  spending 
more  than  forty  years  of  his  life  among  the  Telugus,  and  his  name 
was  John  E.  Clough.     (Applause.) 

Now,  this  morning,  I  am  not  in  the  city  of  the  dead,  but  I  am  in 

G  99 


The  Judson  Centennial 


this  beautiful  church,  facing  a  denomination  which  can  not  only  save 
the  Telugu  Mission  from  possible  decline,  but  can  make  it  a  Milky 
Way  in  the  firmament  of  the  achievements  of  our  denomination. 

This  year,  in  the  Telugu  Mission,  there  w^ere  baptized  into  its 
churches  more  than  four  thousand  men  and  vv^omen,  a  number  equal  to 
the  combined  number  of  all  who  were  baptized  into  the  Baptist 
churches  of  Maine,  Maryland,  and  Massachusetts,  with  an  expendi- 
ture of  one  and  one-half  million  dollars.  Four  hundred  and  twenty 
of  that  number  were  caste  people.  I  wonder  if  this  Convention  can 
realize  what  the  baptism  of  such  a  large  number  of  caste  people  means 
to  our  Telugu  land  and  to  India  ?  For  more  than  forty  years  the  mis- 
sionaries have  looked  forward  to  just  such  an  ingathering,  but  as 
year  after  year  passed  away  without  the  baptism  of  hardly  a  convert 
from  the  caste  people,  the  eye  of  faith  became  dull,  and  the  prophets 
remained  silent.  But  within  the  last  four  years  unexpectedly  has 
come  this  movement  from  among  the  caste  people.  And  I  want  to 
say  here  that  within  the  last  four  years  in  the  Telugu  Mission  more 
caste  converts  have  been  baptized  four  times  over  than  have  been 
baptized  in  seventy-five  years  of  its  previous  history.  (Applause.) 
Most  of  these  caste  people  are  from  the  Sudra  caste,  the  great  middle 
caste  of  India,  the  backbone  and  the  sinew  of  the  country.  Just  as 
Jesus  Christ  around  the  Sea  of  Galilee  in  the  beginning  of  the  gospel, 
in  the  beginning  of  the  kingdom  here,  gathered  around  him  a  few 
humble  fishermen,  so  it  was  God's  will  that  Clough  out  there  in  India 
in  the  beginning  should  gather  around  him  the  ignorant  and  humble 
outcastes.  But,  friends,  I  tell  you  that  though  we  have  the  complete 
evangelization  of  the  outcaste  people,  yet  it  will  not  bring  India 
to  the  feet  of  the  Saviour.  We  are  only  touching  the  outer  fringe  of 
her  social  covering.  We  read  about  the  great  mass  movements 
centered  around  Ongole  in  the  year  1878  as  being  one  of  the  greatest 
mass  movements  in  the  history  of  missions,  and  it  is  true.  But  the 
dawn  of  the  vast  movement  among  the  caste  people  which  is  now  upon 
us  will  be  greater — greater  in  numbers  and  greater  in  the  power  of 
influence.  The  coming  of  so  many  caste  people  has  given  our  mission 
a  grip  on  the  vitals  of  the  country.  Yet  in  the  face  of  this  great 
upheaval  your  secretaries  told  me  with  sad  faces  that  they  were 
sending  no  recruits  for  India  this  year.  We  are  not  getting  ready 
for  this  great  upheaval.  What  we  need  is  more  men  and  more  women. 
What  we  need  is  more  schools,  more  industrial  plants,  and  more  hos- 
pitals. Listen !  Our  Telugu  conference,  something  like  this  but  not 
so  large,  for  four  years  in  succession  have  combined  and  asked  our 

100 


The  Judson  Centennial 


Board  to  give  a  hospital  to  be  erected  in  Ongole,  not  a  one-man  idea 
but  a  mission  idea.  And  yet  the  Board  has  not  been  able  to  respond 
for  lack  of  funds.  There  is  not  one  well-equipped  hospital,  and  there 
is  not  one  doctor  in  that  great  territory  of  five  thousand  square 
miles  with,  six  hundred  thousand  people. 

Friends,  why  is  it  that  our  denomination,  with  these  calls  so  mani- 
festly from  God,  can  make  no  response?  I  suppose  you  are  familiar 
with  the  growth  of  that  great  field,  how  it  took  on  its  life  with  the 
prayer  of  Jewett  on  Prayer-meeting  Hill  in  1854,  and  how  Clough 
established  that  first  church  in  Ongole  in  1867  with  a  membership  of 
eight,  and  how  the  blessing  of  God  was  upon  that  church,  and  be- 
cause God  had  owned  it,  it  grew  and  grew  and  grew  until  by  1883, 
sixteen  years  after  its  establishment,  it  had  a  baptized  church- 
membership  of  twenty-one  thousand.  Friends,  that  mission  has  con- 
tinued to  grow.  There  was  no  mass  movement,  but  the  spirit  of  the 
mission  has  continued  to  exist,  and  to-day  out  there  in  that  field  we 
have  a  church-membership  in  the  churches  of  the  Telugu  Mission  of 
sixty-seven  thousand  men  and  women.  There  are  eighteen  thousand, 
five  hundred  pupils  of  the  schools  which  belong  to  those  churches  and 
there  is  a  force  of  seventeen  hundred  Bible-women,  teachers,  and 
preachers.  And  yet  is  our  responsibility  ended?  As  I  look  up  the 
number  of  people  residing  in  the  district  belonging  to  the  Telugu 
Mission  I  find  that  we  have  scarcely  more  than  one  per  cent  of  the 
people  in  the  membership  of  the  church.  Ongole,  the  station  which 
belongs  to  me  in  place  of  Doctor  Clough,  has  a  larger  per  cent.  It 
has  four  per  cent.  But  when  we  consider  the  caste  people  even  in  the 
old  Ongole  field,  there  is  only  one  Christian  caste  man  for  every 
three  thousand  others. 

Now,  friends,  I  want  to  show  you  something  of  what  is  going  on 
in  a  concrete  form  out  there  throughout  the  Telugu  country.  I 
want  to  show  you  an  idol  that  was  given  me  by  the  people,  a  demon 
goddess.  Her  spirit  is  supposed  to  descend  upon  the  cattle  and  bring 
a  cattle  disease,  and  in  every  town  throughout  that  great  region  of 
twenty  millions  of  people,  when  a  cattle  disease  breaks  out  now,  the 
village  carpenter  is  called,  and  he  is  asked  to  make  just  such  an  image 
as  you  see  there.  Then  the  priests  and  the  village  fathers  arrange  a 
series  of  ceremonies  which  last  through  a  number  of  days,  and  at  a 
great  expense,  and  then  every  one  is  supposed  to  come  and  bow  before 
that  idol  and  give  a  personal  offering.  And  then  after  all  this  is  done, 
the  priests,  the  village  bands,  the  village  fathers,  and  the  boys  and 
girls,  and  the  men  and  women  form  in  a  procession  and  carry  thi« 


The  Judson  Centennial 


idol  out  into  the  jungles  and  there  she  is  left,  and  it  is  supposed  that 
this  demon  goddess  has  been  propitiated. 

Do  not  think  that  it  is  only  the  poor  and  the  ignorant  people  that 
worship  that  idol,  but  bachelor-of-arts  men  of  the  University  of 
Madras,  learned  Pundits,  and  great  Sanskrit  scholars,  come  with  all 
the  common  people  and  bow  knees  to  that  idol  in  trembling  fear. 
Such  is  the  state  out  there. 

I  want  to  ask  you  one  question.  Do  you  think  that  you  have 
expended  money  rightly  in  sending  your  missionaries  to  turn  the 
faces  of  the  people  away  from  such  a  thing  as  that  to  the  face  of 
the  fairest  of  ten  thousand? 

I  want  to  say  for  our  encouragement  to-day  that  in  the  Ongole 
field  alone — and  I  speak  about  that,  for  I  know  better  of  that  than  of 
any  other  mission — in  the  Ongole  field  alone,  out  of  the  two  hundred 
and  forty-seven  villages  in  that  field,  fifty  of  those  villages,  due  to 
strenuous  evangelistic  efforts  of  the  workers  in  the  mission  field,  have 
through  the  village  fathers  passed  a  law  that  there  shall  be  no  wor- 
ship of  this  idol  or  any  other  idol  in  public  places.     (Applause.) 

In  closing  I  want  to  tell  you  the  story  of  Punkenbe.  He  was  not 
an  outcaste  man,  he  was  a  man  of  the  very  highest  caste  in  India, 
the  highest  caste  of  the  highest  caste  of  the  Brahmans.  His  grand- 
father— and  I  want  you  to  listen  to  this  story,  for  it  is  a  remarkable 
one  even  to  the  missionary — his  grandfather  was  a  noted  zemindar 
in  South  India,  one  of  the  most  noted.  His  father  was  a  noted  man 
residing  in  the  city  of  Madras.  His  father-in-law  was  a  judge  and 
barrister  in  the  city  of  Madras,  knighted  by  the  British  Government. 
The  father  of  Punkenbe  was,  when  he  died,  the  most  noted  Brahman 
in  South  India.  One  day  a  young  man  twenty-five  years  of  age  came 
to  the  old  bungalow  there  in  Ongole,  and  he  wished  to  see  a  mission- 
ary. As  we  sat  and  talked  with  him  in  the  office  he  said  in  conver- 
sation that  he  wished  to  be  baptized.  I  said,  "  Very  well ;  we  cannot 
baptize  you  until  we  have  looked  up  your  record,  until  we  know 
something  of  your  character ;  you  are  a  stranger  to  us."  "  But,"  he 
said,  "  I  am  a  Brahman."  I  said,  "  It  makes  no  difference,  we  must 
know  the  character  of  even  a  Brahman.  You  can  stay  in  my  home." 
I  gave  him  a  room,  and  there  he  lived  for  one  and  one-half  months. 
We  gave  him,  at  his  request,  bread  and  milk  only  to  eat.  We  wrote 
around  to  the  references  which  he  gave  us,  and  we  found  that  this 
man  was  no  other  than  Punkenbe,  of  Madras,  of  whom  I  have  spoken. 
We  found  by  writing  to  the  professors  of  the  Presidency  College  in 
the  city  of  Madras  that  this  man  was  a  medal  man  in  mathematics, 

102 


The  Judson  Centennial 


he  was  a  bachelor  of  arts  from  the  Presidency  College ;  he  was  one 
of  six  of  the  highest  students  in  Sanskrit  in  the  whole  of  the  Presi- 
dency during  the  time.  Not  only  this,  but  he  was  the  first  man  in 
English  in  the  Presidency  College.  We  found  that  he  was  not  only  a 
B.  A.,  but  that  he  was  a  B.  L.,  that  he  had  been  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  that  he  had  written  a  law-book.  Such  was  the  man  who  came  to 
us  for  baptism.  We  wrote  to  his  relatives  and  to  his  friends,  and  we 
told  them  of  the  whereabouts  of  Mr.  Punkenbe,  and  we  said  to  them 
that  his  intention  was  to  join  the  church  at  Ongole,  and  from  the  time 
they  received  these  communications,  into  our  bungalow  from  Madras, 
a  distance  of  i8i  miles,  came  a  stream  of  people,  his  relatives,  that 
they  might  see  him.  They  came  with  gold-bordered  turbans  and 
punchas;  they  came  with  many  jewels  and  diamonds,  and  they  tried 
for  one  month  and  a  half  to  dissuade  him  from  his  purpose.  But  he 
would  not  be  dissuaded.  The  day  came  for  his  baptism.  And  on 
that  day  he  allowed  to  be  cut  off  his  sacred  lock,  and  he  took  from  his 
neck  the  sacred  cord  like  this  [exhibiting  a  cord].  A  Brahman  in 
India  would  as  soon  part  with  his  very  life  as  to  part  with  that  cord, 
and  this  man  deliberately  took  that  off  his  neck,  and  then  with  the 
shears  he  cut  in  pieces  the  cord,  and  these  are  some  of  the  pieces. 
He  came  before  the  deacons  of  our  church ;  he  was  admitted ;  he  was 
baptized  by  the  very  lowest  of  the  low,  a  low  outcaste  Christian 
preacher.  From  the  day,  from  the  very  hour,  from  the  time  he 
was  baptized  he  was  disowned  by  his  own  mother  and  considered  to 
be  dead.  He  was  disowned  by  his  own  wife,  the  wife  of  his  choice. 
He  was  disowned  by  every  relative,  and  every  friend  shut  against  him 
their  cruel  doors,  and  he,  for  the  sake  of  Jesus  Christ,  became  a 
humble  outcaste. 

Such,  friends,  is  the  spirit  that  we  now  see  pervading  throughout 
Telugu  land.  Last  year  in  January  the  Judson  party,  or  a  portion 
of  it,  came  to  Ongole  and  there  on  Prayer-meeting  Hill  we  sang 
India's  sunset  song.     The  chorus  of  that  song,  we  sang  with  these 

words : 

India,  sad  India, 
Let  the  dead  years  speak  no  more; 
India,  our  India, 
Open  now  thy  door. 

Mrs.  Baker  and  I,  who  for  nineteen  years  have  resided  in  that  one 
place  at  Ongole,  and  for  twelve  years  have  been  the  successors  of 
Doctor  Clough  and  somewhat  know  the  people  and  know  the  condi- 
tions, have  paraphrased  that  chorus  to  read  like  this: 


103 


The  Judson  Centennial 


India,  sad  India, 
Surely  dead  years  speak  no  more ; 
India,  our  India, 
Open  is  thy  door. 
(Applause.) 

The  President.  The  Chair  has  allowed  Doctor  Baker  to  go  con- 
siderably overtime,  but  he  would  throw  a  watch  away  rather  than  stop 
a  story  like  that. 

Mr.  Huntington.  Attention  has  been  called  to  the  fact  that 
Mrs.  Lyman  Jewett,  the  widow  of  Doctor  Jewett,  so  intimately  asso- 
ciated with  the  early  days  of  this  mission,  is  living  in  Boston  and  in 
very  frail  health.  The  suggestion  has  been  made  that  we  as  a 
Society  send  her  our  warm  fraternal  greetings' and  affection.  I  make 
that  motion.     (The  motion  was  seconded  and  carried.) 

Dr.  L.  C.  Barnes.  Mr.  President,  I  want  to  offer  a  motion  which 
I  think  will  have  no  opposition.  It  seems  to  me  before  we  sing  this 
hymn,  especially  with  the  line,  "  Up,  Christian,  forward  go,"  we  might 
want  to  express  ourselves  in  this  way : 

Whereas,  After  a  full  century  of  modern  missions,  all  evangelical  de- 
nominations of  the  United  States  have  only  about  five  thousand  mission- 
aries, both  men  and  women,  on  the  continent  of  Asia,  which  gave  us 
our  Lord  and  Saviour  Jesus  Christ, 

Resolved,  That  in  view  of  the  marvelous  development  in  Asia  now, 
we  ought  to  double  the  number  of  missionaries  there  in  the  next  ten 
years,  and  that  we  ask  the  Undenominational  Foreign  Missions  Conference 
of  North  America  to  adopt  such  an  objective  and  formulate  plans  for 
putting  it  before  the  churches  of  America.     (Applause.) 

[The  motion  was  seconded  and  unanimously  adopted.] 
Secretary  Levy.     I  should  like  to  announce  that  a  telegram  has 
come  from  a  Massachusetts  man  who  is  out  of  the  State :  "  A  thousand 
dollars  more  for  the  deficit."     (Applause.) 

The  President.  We  will  now  rise  and  sing  a  hymn  written  for 
this  occasion  to  the  tune  of  "  America  "  (see  page  252),  after  which  we 
must  give  way  at  the  request  of  the  Northern  Baptist  Convention  that 
they  may  consider  for  a  little  while  the  finishing  of  the  great  cam- 
paign for  raising  the  debt. 

President  Bond  took  the  chair,  and  the  special  committee  reported, 
recommending  the  appointment  of  a  committee  of  twelve  to  carry  on 
the  work  of  securing  the  balance  needed.  This  action  was  taken, 
and  some  further  subscriptions  were  announced.  The  closing  prayer 
was  by  Mr.  F.  W.  Ayer,  of  New  Jersey. 

104 


FRANCIS   WAVLAND,   D.   D.,  LL.   D. 

President   Brown   University 
President   of   Union,    1844-1846 


JONAH    G.    WAKKtX,    I).    D. 
Secretary,    1856-1873 


J.    N.    MURDOCK,   D     D. 
Secretary,    1866- 1893 


HKNRV    C.     MABIK.    IL    l>. 
Secretary,    1890- 1908 


The  Judson  Centennial 


II 

THURSDAY  AFTERNOON   SESSION 

Wednesday  afternoon  seemed  to  reach  a  climax  of  interest,  and 
many  thought  it  would  not  be  possible  to  maintain  this  height;  but 
this  Thursday  afternoon  session  was  certainly  equal  to  any  that  had 
preceded  in  its  spiritual  impression.  The  address  of  Doctor  Mac- 
kenzie, with  which  it  closed,  was  a  remarkable  presentation  of  the 
divine  workings  in  human  history,  especially  as  seen  in  the  missionary 
movements  of  the  world.  Then,  the  greeting  of  such  a  body  of 
fraternal  delegates  was  an  inspiration  and  a  fresh  evidence  of  the 
unity  of  Christians  in  service.  The  missionaries  made  forcible  ad- 
dresses, unanswerable  in  their  appeal  for  a  more  adequate  force  and 
equipment  in  view  of  the  enlarging  opportunities.  The  platform  was 
filled  with  fraternal  delegates. 

President  Jones  called  the  meeting  to  order  at  two  o'clock,  and  the 
hymn,  "  Oh,  spread  the  tidings  'round,"  was  sung.  Rev.  C.  S.  Keen, 
of  East  China,  led  in  prayer  as  follows : 

Our  heavenly  Father,  we  thank  thee  that  the  Comforter  has  come. 
We  thank  thee  for  what  he  has  meant  to  us ;  we  thank  thee  for  what  he 
has  meant  to  those  beyond  the  seas.  We  pray  thee,  our  Father,  that 
this  moment  thou  wilt  help  us  to  feel  that  the  business  which  thou  hast 
given  us  to  do  is  to  "  spread  the  tidings  'round,  wherever  man  is  found," 
that  the  Comforter,  even  the  spirit  of  Jesus  Christ,  has  come. 

Oh,  we  pray  thee  that  thou  wilt  give  to  us  the  spirit  of  prayer  this 
afternoon  as  we  listen  to  the  messages  of  thy  servants  whom  thou  hast 
called  to  the  remotest  parts  of  the  world  to  serve  thee ;  and  grant  as 
we  hear  their  messages,  telling  cf  the  wonderful  peace  which  has  come 
to  those  who  through  their  voice  have  come  to  the  Comforter — grant 
Lord,  that  we  may  give  of  our  might  and  of  our  means  and  go  ourselves 
to  spread  the  blessed  news  of  salvation.  We  thank  thee  that  thou  hast 
shown  us  thy  face,  that  thou  hast  let  us  hear  thy  voice  when  we  have 
come  together  to  pray  in  thy  name.  And  we  pray  that  thou  wilt  make  us 
living  messengers  of  thy  truths  that  we  may  inspire  those  whom  we 
represent  in  this  Convention,  so  that  thy  work  may  go  on,  and  so  that 
the  kingdoms  of  the  world  may  become  the  kingdoms  of  our  Lord  and 
of  his  Christ.  And  all  we  ask  is  in  the  name  of  our  Saviour  Jesus 
Christ.    Amen. 

The  President.  The  next  item  is  the  report  of  the  Judson  Cen- 
tennial Commission.     (See  page  257.) 

Doctor  Haggard.  The  report  is  being  distributed  now.  There  is 
nothing  more  to  do  than  to  present  this  report,  calling  attention  to  it. 

105 


The  Judson  Centennial 


The  President.  I  will  now  ask  Foreign  Secretary  Baldwin  to 
present  the  missionaries  who  are  to  speak  to  us  at  this  time. 

Secretary  Baldwin.  We  are  to  go  to  different  countries  this 
afternoon,  as  you  see,  and  because  this  is  the  Burma  centennial,  the 
Judson  Centennial,  we  have  four  representatives  from  Burma.  First 
I  will  call  upon  one  whose  name  this  Convention  has  already  de- 
lighted to  honor — a  man  who  for  fifty-one  years  has  been  a  mission- 
ary in  Burma,  for  thirty-eight  years  the  President  of  the  Karen 
Theological  Seminary  at  Insein,  translator  into  the  Karen  tongue  of 
a  commentary  on  the  entire  Bible  and  of  many  books  concerning  the 
Bible.  We  honor  him  for  his  lineage;  we  honor  him  more  for  him- 
self—Dr.  D.  A.  W.  Smith.     (Applause.) 

address  of  rev.  D.   a.   W.   smith,   D.   D.,   BURMA 

Your  mission  in  Burma  may  well  be  addressed  by  you  in  the  words 
of  the  dying  Jacob  to  his  son,  "  Thou  art  my  firstborn,  my  might, 
and  the  beginning  of  my  strength."  Burma  is  the  oldest  mission  of 
the  American  Baptists,  and  the  only  mission  whose  history  covers 
the  entire  century.  One  who  has  represented  you  in  Burma  for  one- 
half  of  this  period  has  now  the  privilege  and  the  honor  of  representing 
Burma  to  you  on  this  historic  occasion. 

The  message  of  Burma  is  weighty.  As  the  paralytic  in  the  Gospels 
was  borne  by  four  into  the  Master's  presence,  so  this  message  of 
Burma  to-day  is  brought  to  you  by  four  of  Burma's  missionaries.  It 
is  a  message  of  grateful  acknowledgment,  of  filial  congratulation,  and 
of  earnest  entreaty  that  you  will  carry  to  completion  the  work  in 
Burma  which  you  have  so  well  begun. 

The  quarter  of  the  message  that  I  bring  to  you  to-day  is  from  the 
upwards  of  fifty  thousand  Christian  Karens  in  Burma.  They  thank 
their  American  brethren  for  the  splendid  men  by  whose  hand  the 
gospel  message  has  been  brought  to  them :  for  George  Dana  Board- 
man,  who  baptized  Ko  Tha  Byu,  the  first  Karen  convert;  for  Jona- 
than Wade,  who  reduced  their  language  to  writing;  for  Francis 
Mason,  who  translated  the  whole  Bible  into  their  language;  for 
Joseph  Getchell  Binney,  who  established  among  them  a  theological 
seminary ;  they  thank  you  for  such  men  as  Vinton,  and  Abbott, 
and  Beecher,  and  Harris,  and  Cross,  and  Thomas,  and  Carpenter,  and 
Bunker,  by  whom  they  have  been  brought  by  hundreds  and  thousands 
into  the  kingdom  of  Christ. 

The  reproach  of  the  Karens  for  many  generations  had  been  that 

1 06 


The  Judson  Centennial 


they  were  a  people  without  a  literature,  without  a  king,  and  without  a 
city,  and  all  this  was  literally  true  of  them.  They  feel  that  they  have 
now  received  from  you  a  written  language,  Jesus  their  king,  and  the 
new  Jerusalem  their  city. 

The  fifty  thousand  Karens  we  cannot  believe  have  been  brought  to 
the  kingdom  merely  for  their  own  sakes.  They  are  already  an  evangel- 
izing force  in  Burma.  Among  the  outlying  tribes,  their  coreligionists, 
they  are  found  laboring  side  by  side  with  your  missionaries,  and  they 
are  preparing  for  larger  game.  In  1865,  a  strong  committee,  with 
the  elder  Thomas  as  chairman,  brought  in  a  very  striking  report. 
"  We  are  constrained,"  he  says,  "  to  suggest  that  God  may  have 
called  the  Karens  in  order  that  from  them  he  may  select  his  agents 
to  call  out  his  elect  from  among  the  Burmans  of  Burma.  Let  this 
thought,"  he  goes  on  to  say,  "  be  impressed  on  the  hearts  of  our 
Karen  preachers.  Let  them  feel  not  only  that  they  ought,  but  that 
they  are  able,  to  preach  the  gospel  to  the  Burmans  as  well  as  to  the 
Karens." 

In  the  providence  of  God,  by  a  variety  of  means,  the  Karens  are 
now  qualifying  for  this  great  and  honored  service  among  the  eight 
million  Buddhistic  Burmans.  God  is  going  to  give  Burma  to  his  Son 
through  the  agency  of  native  workers.  No  country  can  be  converted 
in  any  other  manner.  And  the  majority  of  native  workers  in  Burma 
are  and  for  a  long  time  will  be  the  Karens  of  Burma.  It  is  to  them, 
therefore,  that  we  may  look,  and  that  we  ought  to  look,  as  an  im- 
portant agency  in  bringing  the  Burmans  to  a  knowledge  of  salvation. 
You  are  to  be  congratulated  in  having  already  a  seminary  for  the 
Karens  with  seventy  years  behind  it,  which  is  sending  out,  from  year 
to  year,  classes  of  from  thirty  to  forty  young  preachers.  To  these 
we  are  to  look  in  a  large  measure  for  the  conversion  of  Burma,  and 
our  modest  request  to  you  to-day  is,  that  you  will  supply  them,  that 
you  will  keep  up  for  them  the  supply  of  missionary  leaders,  and  with 
the  help  of  God,  they  will  do  the  rest.     (Applause.) 

Secretary  Baldwin.  We  have  heard  the  senior  missionary  in 
Burma,  but  we  have  not  heard  the  senior  missionary  to  the  Burmans. 
We  must  not  forget  that  they  are  touching  there  many  races,  and 
while  Burma  is  our  firstborn,  even  the  Karens,  grand  as  that  work  is, 
are  not  the  first  thought.  Judson  thought  of  the  Burmans,  to  the 
Burmans  he  went,  and  we  are  honored  to-day  in  having  the  senior 
missionary  among  the  Burmans,  Rev.  J.  E.  Cummings,  D.  D.,  deco- 
rated by  the  English  Government,  useful  through  many  years,  a  true 
servant  of  Jesus  Christ.     (Applause.) 


107 


The  Judson  Centennial 


ADDRESS  OF   REV.    J.   E.    CUMMINGS,   D.   D.,   BURMA 

I  must  correct  a  mistake.  I  am  not  the  senior  missionary  to  the 
Burmans.  There  are  ahead  of  me  Doctor  Kelly,  principal  of  the 
Rangoon  Baptist  College,  and  Rev.  W.  H.  S.  Hascall,  general  mis- 
sionary in  evangelistic  work,  now  on  the  field.  I  am  third  in  the 
order  of  seniority,  not  because  of  my  age,  but  because,  brethren,  for 
a  period  of  ten  years,  1877  to  1888,  not  one  single  missionary  was 
sent  to  the  Burmans  by  the  American  Baptists.  There  is  a  great  gap 
in  that  decade  of  our  history. 

Now,  in  the  few  minutes  allotted  me  I  want  to  lodge  just  two 
facts — first,  a  note  of  thankfulness  for  what  mine  eyes  have  seen  of  the 
coming  of  the  glory  of  the  Lord  in  Burma,  and  then  a  careful  state- 
ment of  our  needs.  I  have  been  in  Henzada,  Burma,  for  twenty- 
seven  years.  I  have  seen  one  little  Burman  church — this  is  among 
the  Burmans  where  we  have  never  had  a  mass  movement,  but  where 
we  must  win  converts  one  by  one — I  have  seen  that  little  church  grow 
to  be  nine  churches  and  the  number  of  converts  from  100  to  450.  I 
have  seen  the  little  school  in  the  station  with  twenty-three  pupils  grow 
to  be  an  institutional  school,  with  five  teachers  teaching  the  English 
language  and  seven  others  teaching  only  the  vernacular  language, 
with  1,020  students,  and  we  are  not  using  a  dollar  more  of  American 
money  than  we  did  when  we  had  the  one  school  of  twenty-three. 
(Applause.)  And  what  I  have  seen  in  this  one  mission  at  Henzada 
I  have  seen  throughout  the  country. 

God  gave  me  the  place  of  secretary  of  the  Centennial  Committee  in 
Burma  that  through  a  period  of  five  years  planned  for  our  centennial 
celebration  there.  We  had  set  before  us  two  objects:  We  will  seek  to 
have  at  the  end  of  this  century  100,000  communicants  in  our  churches, 
and  we  will  seek  from  those  churches  to  have  a  thank-offering  unto 
God  of  100,000  rupees.  We  came  to  the  end  of  that  period  with 
65,000  communicants  in  the  churches,  and  with  65,000  rupees  as  a 
thank-offering  unto  God.  (Applause.)  And  while  we  could  only 
count  65,000  converts,  yet  when  the  census  of  191 1  was  compiled,  it 
was  found  that  when  the  people  of  the  country  were  asked  to  write 
down  whether  they  were  Buddhists  or  Spirit-worshipers  or  Chris- 
tians, Roman  Catholic  or  Church  of  England  or  Baptists,  122,000 
people  registered  themselves  in  the  official  census  of  Burma  as  Bap- 
tists. (Applause.)  So,  brethren,  you  see  that  beyond  all  we  can 
record  in  our  own  statistics,  which  are  careful  compilations  from  our 
church  registers,  there  is  a  great  fringe  of  people  near  to  us  who  in 

108 


The  Judson  Centennial 


their  hearts,  although  they  have  not  said  it  to  us,  said  to  the  govern- 
ment officials,  "  We  belong  to  the  Baptists." 

Now,  one  thing  further  regarding  our  need.  Brethren,  our  hearts 
were  touched  yesterday  because  we  found  in  America  God  had  put 
it  into  the  hearts  of  men  to  beg  for  a  chance  to  go.  Now,  let  me 
tell  you  how  God  is  begging  to  you  through  the  need  in  Burma  to 
give  those  men  a  chance  to  fill  the  places  that  we  need  filled  over  there 
to-day. 

In  Kengtung,  beginning  at  the  far  north  station,  God  has  given 
10,000  converts  in  the  last  ten  years,  and  there  is  only  one  man  there 
to  lead  that  people.  We  need  two  families,  one  for  educational  work, 
one  for  missionary  work,  at  Kengtung.  We  must  have  them.  At 
Bhamo,  a  year  ago,  my  father-in-law.  Doctor  Roberts,  now  on  the 
platform,  left,  broken  in  body.  I  bade  good-bye  to  him  in  Rangoon; 
I  never  expected  to  look  on  his  face  again.  God  has  spared  his  life, 
the  physicians  at  Clifton  Springs  have  brought  him  back  to  health 
and  he  is  here  with  us,  but  when  he  left  we  had  to  take  the  only  man. 
Doctor  Davenport  at  Mandalay,  and  send  him  to  Bhamo  to  fill  that 
station  and  leave  Doctor  Davenport's  place  in  Mandalay  unfilled; 
and  when  Brother  Spring  needed  to  come  home  last  spring  and  his 
furlough  was  due,  there  was  no  one  to  fill  his  place.  He  waited  a 
year,  his  wife  suffered  typhoid  fever,  he  had  to  come  this  year  any- 
way, and  the  place  has  not  been  filled.  From  Sagaing  Brother  Mc- 
Curdy  is  on  his  way  home  now  and  the  mission-house  is  vacant.  At 
Toungoo  Brother  Rogers  came  home  a  year  ago  and  his  place  is 
vacant.  We  used  it  for  housing  the  Judson  Centennial  party,  but 
otherwise  the  mission-house  has  been  unused  for  a  year  and  a  half. 
Brother  Parish,  at  Pegu,  suffered  untold  buffetings  from  the  heathen. 
He  has  had  a  hard  time.  They  have  lost  their  firstborn;  his  own 
heart  is  heavy.  He  needs  to  come  back;  his  furlough  is  due.  He 
cannot  come;  there  is  no  one  to  relieve  him.  We  need  a  family  at 
Pegu  this  fall.  Moulmein,  Judson's  station,  is  without  a  missionary. 
These  are  not  all  the  cases  of  need.  At  Henzada,  my  own  station, 
Mr.  Phelps,  the  Karen  missionary,  goes  to  Australia  and  New  Zeal- 
and for  relief,  and  one  woman,  his  wife,  is  left  for  the  care  of 
work  which  ought  to  have  a  man  and  wife  and  two  single  ladies. 

Brethren,  in  the  name  of  God  give  us  in  addition  to  all  you  have 
sent  to  Burma  this  year  six  families  and  as  many  young  ladies  as  the 
Woman's  Society,  with  a  clearer  grasp  of  their  need,  shall  set  before 
you  as  the  number  they  must  have  to  carry  on  the  work  of  God. 
(Applause.) 

109 


The  Judson  Centennial 


Secretary  Baldwin.  You  have  heard  a  great  truth  from  Doctor 
Cummings.  One  family,  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Bergman,  are  being  sent  out 
for  general  work  in  Burma  this  fall,  and  not  because  this  need  is  not 
understood. 

The  finest  school  that  the  American  Baptists  have  in  the  East,  or 
the  far  East,  so  far  as  equipment  is  concerned,  is  probably  the  Ran- 
goon Baptist  College,  a  combination  of  schools  with  1,700  pupils, 
beginning  at  the  primary,  including  a  high  school  and  a  college,  and 
that  is  at  the  top  of  an  educational  system  that  the  American  Baptist 
missionaries  have  been  developing  in  Burma.  We  have  to-day  a 
representative,  a  member  of  the  faculty  of  Rangoon  Baptist  College, 
who  will  speak  to  us  on  the  general  educational  conditions — Rev. 
David  Gilmore. 

ADDRESS   OF   REV.   DAVID   GILMORE,    BURMA 

Our  Society  has  in  Burma  742  schools  of  all  grades,  in  which  nearly 
29,000  pupils  of  all  ages  are  getting  education  of  all  sorts.  Out  of 
these  schools  610  are  self-supporting.  They  are  not  costing  you  any 
money.  We  have  six  high  schools,  one  college,  and  two  theological 
seminaries.  These  schools  are  serving  us  in  at  least  a  fourfold 
capacity.  First,  there  is  something  doing  in  those  schools  along 
evangelistic  lines.  Last  year  the  churches  of  Burma  received  3,694 
additions  by  baptism.  Out  of  these  481,  or  one  out  of  every  eight, 
came  out  of  our  schools. 

Secondly,  these  schools  secure  us  good  will  and  respect.  They 
give  us  a  standing  in  the  eyes  of  our  own  people,  in  the  eyes  of  the 
community  at  large,  in  the  eyes  of  the  government.  Why,  had  not 
it  been  for  our  educational  work  I  can  assure  you  that  the  lieutenant- 
governor  of  Burma  would  not  have  thought  it  worth  his  while  to 
come  and  preside  at  one  session  of  our  Judson  Centennial  in  Rangoon 
last  December.  And  this  good  status,  this  respect  which  our  schools 
earned  for  us,  is  a  distinct  help  in  our  evangelistic  work. 

Thirdly,  our  schools  are  absolutely  essential  if  we  are  to  build  up 
a  stable,  independent,  aggressive  Christian  community.  The  great 
work  of  our  mission  in  elevating  the  once  submerged  Karens  is,  under 
God,  due  to  the  fact  that  the  schoolmaster  has  gone  hand  in  hand 
with  the  preacher,  and  in  many  cases  the  schoolmaster  and  preacher 
have  been  buttoned  into  the  same  jacket. 

Finally,  the  fourth  purpose  is  that  these  schools  serve  a  purpose 
in  the  training  of  leaders  for  our  church.     The  leaders,  laymen,  and 

no 


The  Judson  Centennial 


ministers,  whom  we  have  out  in  Burma,  have  as  a  class  come 
out  of  our  schools.  We  have  had  the  leaders  because  we  have  had 
the  schools. 

But  right  in  this  connection  I  want  to  tell  you  a  very  striking 
thing  that  Mr.  Howe,  the  International  Secretary  of  the  Y.  M.  C.  A. 
for  all  India,  told  me.  He  traveled  around  with  Doctor  Mott,  holding 
those  wonderful  Edinburgh  Continuation  Conferences  in  all  the  prov- 
inces of  India,  and  when  they  came  to  Rangoon  and  held  a  conference 
in  that  city,  Doctor  Mott,  who  had  been  present  at  all  of  them,  said 
that  he  was  struck  by  the  inferiority  of  the  native  Christian  leaders  of 
Burma  to  those  of  the  other  provinces  of  India,  the  provinces  where 
our  Pedobaptist  brethren  have  been  more  in  the  lead.  He  said  that  in 
every  other  conference  the  native  leaders  had  contributed  much,  had 
contributed  vitally  to  the  development  of  sentiment  in  those  confer- 
ences, but  in  Burma  our  native  leaders  had  contributed  practically 
nothing.  We  had  our  best  men  there  and  they  were  given  free  course, 
but  somehow  they  were  not  able  to  take  a  leading  part.  They  hadn't 
it  in  them,  and  we  hadn't  put  it  into  them. 

I  honor  the  native  leaders  we  have  had  in  the  past.  They  have 
been  grand  men,  and  they  have  served  their  own  day  and  generation, 
but  we  have  got  to  have  better  leaders,  highly  trained  leaders,  if  we 
are  going  to  hold  our  own  in  the  new  Burma  which  is  coming  into 
existence. 

Well,  you  will  ask,  what  has  the  college  been  doing  all  this  time? 
Trying  to  keep  its  head  above  water;  that  is  what  it  has  been  doing. 
Our  college  began  work  as  a  college  only  twenty  years  ago,  and  for 
fifteen  of  those  years  we  carried  our  men  through  the  sophomore 
year  and  then  dropped  them.  Imagine  what  some  of  these  great  men 
on  the  platform  would  have  been  if  they  had  been  dropped  at  the 
end  of  their  sophomore  year  in  college. 

Now,  a  word  about  the  college  there.  We  have  reached  the  point 
now  where  we  can  be  proud  of  the  quality  of  our  work.  All  the 
colleges  in  Burma  have  to  take  the  same  examination,  and  in  1912 
and  in  1913  the  college  which  stood  first  in  respect  to  the  numbers  of 
students  passed  through  those  examinations — that  is,  the  percentage 
of  students  that  passed  through  the  examinations — was  the  Rangoon 
Baptist  College.  (Applause.)  Not  only  so,  but  in  both  of  those 
years  the  man  who  had  gathered  in  the  greatest  number  of  marks  on 
those  examinations  was  a  Baptist  college  boy.  We  are  trying  to  do 
our  part  to  be  efficient  from  a  spiritual  point  of  view,  not  only  from 
an    educational    standpoint.      We    labor    for    the    conversion    of    our 

III 


The  Judson  Centennial 


students,  and  every  year  we  see  some  of  them  led  down  into  the 
baptismal  waters.    We  try  to  make  them  efficient  laborers  for  Christ. 

I  am  sorry  we  have  not  turned  out  more  ministers,  but  we  do  turn 
out  every  year  a  large  number  of  teachers  and  laymen  who,  in  their 
various  capacities,  are  a  strong  evangelistic  force.  I  once  heard  the 
superintendent  of  the  Wesleyan  Mission  in  Burma  make  in  public  this 
statement.  He  said,  "  I  know  three  young  men,  graduates  of  the 
Rangoon  Baptist  College,  who  are  servants  of  the  British  Government, 
and  these  three  young  men  have  done  such  a  work  for  Christ  in 
upper  Burma  that  they  alone  would  justify  the  existence  of  the 
Rangoon  Baptist  College  if  it  had  never  done  another  thing." 

Now,  we  need  a  scientific  department.  That  is  what  we  need 
just  now.  Give  us  that  and  we  will  find  something  else  to  need.  But 
the  young  men  of  Burma  are  going  in  more  and  more  for  scientific 
education.  They  will  have  it.  Our  Baptist  young  men  are  more  and 
more  going  in  for  scientific  education.  Religion  does  not  fear  science, 
but  religion  does  sometimes  fear  the  way  science  is  taught.  It  can  be 
taught  so  as  to  undermine  faith  in  God,  and  it  can  be  taught  so  as  to 
be  a  mighty  support  of  faith  in  God.  Now,  we  want  to  have  a 
scientific  department.  The  danger  is  that  science  out  there  is  going  to 
be  taught  to  our  young  men  in  the  wrong  way.  We  want  a  depart- 
ment of  our  own,  where  our  young  men  and  other  young  men  can 
be  taught  science  in  such  a  way  as  to  lead  them  to  the  foot  of  God, 
rather  than  weakening  their  faith  in  God.     (Applause.) 

Secretary  Baldwin.  Throughout  British  India  are  these  mixed 
people,  of  native  parentage  and  European  parentage,  the  Eurasians, 
they  are  called,  and  they  are  to-day  a  very  significant  influence,  they 
are  prominent  in  political  ways.  Their  influence  upon  others  is  very 
strong.  We  have  a  work  among  them.  Rev.  C.  L.  Davenport  will 
tell  of  that.     (Applause.) 

ADDRESS  OF   REV.   C.   L.   DAVENPORT,   BURMA 

This,  as  far  as  I  know,  is  the  first  time,  at  least  in  my  connection 
with  this  work,  thirteen  years  of  it,  when  the  Eurasian  people  have  been 
given  a  public  recognition  in  any  discussion  in  a  representative  body 
of  our  Baptist  people,  and  I  am  glad  that  the  day  has  come  when 
they  are  one  of  the  considered  peoples.  Their  origin  has  already 
been  indicated.  They  are  a  mixed  race,  of  partly  European  and 
partly  native  parentage.  But  they  are  despised  by  their  European 
forebears,  hated  by  their  Burmese  ancestors,  and  socially  are  between 

112 


The  Judson  Centennial 


the  upper  and  the  lower  millstones  of  social  life,  ground  on  both 
sides,  and  exceedingly  sensitive  and  hard  to  approach.  But  they  have 
in  them  that  which  makes  it  worth  our  while  to  win  them  for  the 
Lord  Jesus  Christ,  because  of  what  they  are.  In  the  history  of  the 
world's  past  they  have  brought  out  some  that  are  prominent  amongst 
the  prominent  men  of  earth.  Intellectually,  William  Makepeace 
Thackeray,  the  great  English  novelist  and  writer,  stands  out  as  one 
of  those  Eurasian  people  who  have  come  to  the  front.  Alexander 
Dumas,  in  France,  is  another  of  their  own.  And  while  I  cannot 
vouch  for  it,  I  know  they  claim  Rudyard  Kipling  as  their  own. 

In  spiritual  things  the  sainted  martyr,  Thomas  a  Becket,  of  Eng- 
land, was  Eurasian.  Timothy,  Paul's  own  son  in  the  gospel,  the  boy 
evangelist  of  New  Testament  times,  was  Eurasian.  And  in  our  own 
present  time  Dennis  Osborne  of  the  Methodist  Church  in  India,  lately 
gone  home  to  his  reward,  was  a  Eurasian.  His  name  is  honored  all 
over  India  for  the  work  that  he  did  in  the  cause  of  Jesus  Christ  and 
the  redemption  of  souls.  In  our  own  present  time,  in  our  own  mission 
force,  we  have  those  who  are  doing  valiant  work,  and  yet  who  have 
the  honor  of  being  of  those  who  know  how  to  understand  the  native 
heart  because  they  have  in  their  veins  some  native  blood. 

The  extent  of  the  work  thus  far  is  five  churches,  one  of  which  is 
only  partly  Eurasian.  That  is  the  church  being  conducted  in  the 
Baptist  College.  But  outside  of  that  we  have  four  churches.  I  have 
the  privilege  of  being  pastor  of  two  of  them.  They  are  forty  miles 
apart,  both  city  churches,  and  I  am  supposed  to  be  in  both  pulpits 
every  Sunday  evening  at  half  past  six.  I  have  not  solved  it  yet.  We 
have  two  large  schools  besides  the  department  of  the  Baptist  College 
which  has  recently  been  opened,  a  seventh-standard  school  in  Manda- 
lay  and  a  high  school  at  Moulmein,  both  boarding-schools,  and  both 
doing  excellent  work. 

One  of  the  brethren  on  the  platform  said  to  me  some  years  ago 
as  he  was  looking  over  the  work  done  by  the  Eurasians  and  our 
Eurasian  schools,  "  Brother  Davenport,  we  need  the  work  you  are 
doing.  We  need  these  young  men  and  women  in  our  Anglo-vernacular 
schools  as  head  masters  and  head  mistresses."  Do  you  know,  we 
cannot  supply  fast  enough  to-day  the  demand  for  Eurasian  teachers 
in  our  country  from  the  two  schools  and  from  the  third  that  has  been 
opened  in  order  to  keep  up  the  demand  that  is  made  upon  us.  They 
are  filling  positions  in  the  post-office,  telegraph,  and  military  lines. 
They  are  clerks  in  all  the  large  stores  of  those  great  cities.  Those 
that  are  in  the  civil  service  are  forming  the  largest  part  of  those  who 

"3 


The  Judson  Centennial 


form  the  policies  of  the  country.  Their  needs:  first,  recognition  as 
men  and  women  who  have  a  right  to  the  gospel  of  Jesus  Christ; 
secondly,  remembrance  at  the  throne  of  grace,  loving  remembrance ; 
thirdly,  financial  help.  I  want  an  institutional  church  at  Mandalay 
and  a  parsonage  at  Mongnai.  We  need  both  of  them,  but  greater 
than  that  is  our  need  of  this  people  themselves.  We  need  them  be- 
cause they  understand  the  native  heart  and  thought  as  we  from  this 
country  never  can  understand  it.  For  they  are  partly  of  native  origin. 
We  need  them  because  they  have  the  gift  of  tongues.  Because  of  the 
mixed  parentage  they  speak  English,  and  from  one  to  a  half  dozen 
of  the  different  native  vernaculars  with  equal  fluency,  and  do  not 
have  to  learn  the  language  as  we  do.  They  breathe  it  in  from  their 
births,  these  different  tongues  about  them.  And  if  we  can  but  bring 
them  to  Christ — and  I  believe  we  can — we  have  begun — we  shall  have 
in  them  a  force  who  shall  go  out  as  no  one  else  can  go  out  except 
the  natives  themselves  to  bring  the  knowledge  of  Jesus  Christ  to  all 
these  races  of  Burma. 

They  surely  have  a  claim  upon  us.  For  have  they  not  the  white 
man's  blood  in  their  veins  ?  Are  they  not  brothers  and  sisters  of  ours  ? 
And  as  you  pray  I  ask  you  to  pray  for  this  Eurasian  people,  only  I 
want  to  spell  the  name  for  you — not  E-u-r-a-s-i-a-n — which  is  the 
boiled-down  name  from  European- Asians,  Euro-Asians,  Eurasians; 
but  I  want  to  spell  it  for  you  to-day,  and  I  want  you  to  carry  this 
in  your  minds  as  you  go  away  from  this  place,  that  amongst  the 
Asians  in  that  part  of  the  world  there  are  those  that  I  want  you  to 
remember  as  y-o-u-r-A-s-i-a-n-s ;  your  Asians,  and  mine.     (Applause.) 

Secretary  Baldwin.  Now,  we  will  turn  from  Burma  into  Assam 
and  that  mission  that  Doctor  Mason  has  called  the  "  back-door  "  mis- 
sion, where  30,000  Christians  are  gathered  and  where  we  are 
reaching  up  to  that  great  Brahmaputra  valley,  up  to  the  hills  below 
the  very  roof  of  the  world;  a  most  significant  mission,  one  that  I 
fear  we  Baptists  in  America  have  not  appreciated  fully.  We  have 
to-day  a  representative  from  that  mission.  Rev.  R.  B.  Longwell,  who 
has  been  working  in  the  Naga  Hills  and  Impur.     (Applause.) 

ADDRESS    OF    REV.    R.    B.    LONGWELL,    ASSAM 

Assam,  being  a  part  of  British  India,  has  but  recently  emerged 
from  the  social  disorder  which  a  few  years  ago  threatened  the  sta- 
bility of  the  Indian  Empire.  That  social  disorder  had  been  fifty 
years  in  the  progress  of  development.    One  of  the  major  elements  in 

114 


The  Judson  Centennial 


its  development  was  the  wrong  system  of  education  conducted  by  the 
department  of  public  instruction  under  the  auspices  of  the  British 
Government. 

When  officers  of  the  British  Government  came  to  see  the  political 
dynamite  which  they  were  generating  in  their  schools,  they  at  once 
set  about  to  correct  the  evil.  Their  efforts  have  left  Assam  in  a  state 
which  I  wish  to  liken  this  afternoon  for  a  few  moments  to  a  chemical 
solution.  So  if  you  will  just  keep  in  mind  the  figure  of  a  chemical 
solution  waiting  to  be  precipitated  into  the  crystals  of  a  new  civiliza- 
tion, I  think  you  will  get  my  point. 

This  solution  will  be  crystallized,  and  there  are  three  elements, 
three  ingredients  to  be  put  into  it  in  order  to  bring  it  to  its  crystal- 
lization. The  first  is  the  British  Government  itself;  and  I  would  like 
to  put  myself  on  record  as  saying  that  the  British  Government  is  in 
all  its  intents  and  purposes  benign;  it  is  something  which  deserves 
our  prayers  and  our  support  at  every  turn  of  the  way ;  but  like  every 
other  government,  it  has  failed  at  some  of  the  most  crucial  points  in 
its  history.  In  its  educational  system  it  makes  no  place  for  religious 
instruction.  It  does  not  prohibit  religious  instruction,  but  it  makes  no 
place  for  it  in  its  own  educational  system.  The  result  is  that  if 
the  British  Government  or  its  educational  system  becomes  a  pre- 
dominating ingredient  in  the  solution  to  bring  it  to  its  precipitation, 
there  will  be  that  which  Doctor  Gilmore  has  referred  to,  a  crop  of 
atheists.  And  indeed,  those  atheists  have  already  begun  to  appear  in 
the  finest  institutions  of  learning  in  Assam. 

The  second  ingredient  is  Roman  Catholicism.  Now,  whatever 
Roman  Catholicism  may  be  in  this  country,  in  Assam  it  is  a  religious 
system  without  a  conscience.  Aside  from  all  its  immoral  practices, 
it  has  a  propensity  for  moving  into  your  Christian  community  and 
becoming  a  perpetual  parasite  upon  your  Christian  churches.  If  it 
becomes  the  predominant  element  to  precipitate  this  solution,  the 
result  will  be  what?  All  the  tragedies  and  the  horrors  of  Rome  re- 
enacted  in  your  great  Asiatic  arena. 

The  third  ingredient  is  the  Christian  missionaries  who  have  gone 
to  Assam  to  tell  these  peoples  about  the  gospel  of  Jesus  Christ. 
And  if  that  crystallized  civilization  when  it  comes  into  being  is  to 
be  based  upon  the  everlasting  Rock  of  Ages,  it  will  be  because  the 
Northern  Baptist  Convention  realizes  that  God  Almighty  has  put  into 
our  hands  the  destiny  of  those  great  peoples. 

Now,  in  this  reconstruction  there  are  two  processes  at  work,  and 
they    must    work    hand    in    hand    until    the    work    is    accomplished. 

H  115 


The  Judson  Centennial 


The  first  is  a  breaking-down  process,  and  there  are  two  things  which 
must  be  broken  down  before  the  two  greatest  factions  in  Assam  can 
be  won  to  Jesus  Christ.  First  come  the  Mohammedans.  The  Moham- 
medan is  an  alTable  fellow;  you  have  access  to  his  presence,  but  you 
have  no  access  to  his  mind  on  religious  subjects.  He  has  his  Koran 
and  his  creed,  and  his  creed  eliminates  from  his  mental  operations 
the  possibility  of  thinking  of  Jesus  Christ  as  the  Son  of  God,  and 
before  very  much  of  a  constructive  order  can  be  done  for  the 
Mohammedan  there  must  be  a  shattering  of  that  sarcophagus  in 
which  his  mental  operations  are  entombed. 

In  the  second  place  comes  the  Hindu.  You  have  access  to  the 
presence  of  the  Hindu,  and  you  have  access  to  his  mind.  You  can 
take  him  through  a  course  of  argument  which  leads  right  up  to  the 
conclusion  that  Jesus  Christ  is  the  Son  of  God,  and  you  can  see  con- 
viction written  all  over  his  face,  and  he  himself  will  acknowledge  it. 
But  when  the  inevitable  question  comes,  "  Will  you  accept  Jesus 
Christ  as  your  personal  Saviour  ?  "  the  Hindu  smiles  and  walks  away. 
Why?  Because  he  is  a  caste  man,  and  to  accept  Christianity  means 
that  he  is  outcasted,  disinherited,  and  ostracized  from  his  friends. 
So  that  while  you  have  access  to  his  presence  and  to  his  mind,  you 
have  no  access  to  his  spirit.  So  in  the  case  of  the  Hindu  there 
must  be  a  breaking  down  of  the  caste  system. 

Now,  this  breaking-down  and  building-up  process,  both  of  them  are 
going  on  in  the  very  same  method.  And  I  want  to  tell  you  how  this 
work  is  proceeding  in  a  few  of  our  stations  in  Assam.  First,  we  will 
look  at  Jorhat.  At  Jorhat  we  have  a  little  man  who  I  think  in 
avoirdupois  weighs  not  over  135  pounds.  In  his  capacity  to  bring 
things  to  pass  he  is  ten  feet  high,  four  feet  broad,  and  weighs  a  ton. 
I  refer  to  C.  H.  Tilden.  (Applause.)  He  has  developed  a  scheme  for 
the  educational  propaganda  of  Assam,  which  is  just  as  big  as  the 
map  of  Assam  itself.  It  is  a  scheme  which  has  had  the  approval  of 
the  Assam  missionaries.  It  has  had  the  approval  of  the  British  Gov- 
ernment, which  has  said  to  you,  "  Yes,  just  lay  down  50,000  rupees 
and  we  will  put  50,000  on  top  of  it."  It  has  the  approval  of  the 
Reference  Committee  who  have  recommended  it  to  the  Board  of 
Managers.  The  Board  of  Managers  have  approved  it,  but — the 
Baptist  bank  account  has  not  yet  sanctioned  it.  Mr.  Tilden  is  working 
there  with  absolutely  no  equipment. 

Another  place  just  as  strategic  as  Jorhat  is  the  work  represented 
by  the  new  movement  at  Gauhati.  In  Gauhati  we  have  no  less  a  man 
than  our  own  magnificent  Doctor  Witter  and  his  equally  magnificent 

116 


The  Judson  Centennial 


wife.  (Applause.)  In  the  government  college  at  Gauhati  is  the  one 
place  where  that  crop  of  atheism  is  beginning  to  appear,  and  Doctor 
and  Mrs.  Witter  have  walked  right  into  the  hearts  and  affections  of 
those  young  men,  but  they  are  working  just  as  the  people  at  Jorhat 
are  working,  absolutely  without  equipment. 

Another  place  where  our  missionaries  are  doing  constructive  work 
is  at  Nowgong.  That  work  is  very  largely  under  the  Woman's 
Society.  But  I  want  to  tell  you  about  three  young  women  we  have 
there,  each  of  them  responsible  for  one  department  of  that  large 
school.  And,  by  the  way,  that  school  is  the  only  thing  that  is  really 
grand  in  Assam  from  its  external  aspect.  Each  one  of  those  young 
ladies  has  her  hands  full  and  running  over  in  discharging  the  duties 
of  her  own  particular  department  of  that  school.  In  one  year  from 
now  one  of  those  young  women  is  coming  home  on  furlough.  That 
means  that  the  work  of  three  is  going  to  rest  upon  two.  One  year 
later  another  of  those  young  women  will  come  home  on  furlough; 
that  means  that  the  work  of  three  will  rest  upon  one.  The  next 
year  the  first  young  woman  that  came  home  on  furlough  will  return 
and  the  third  one  will  come  to  America,  and  for  another  year  the 
work  of  the  three  will  rest  upon  one.  The  next  year  the  second  that 
came  home  on  furlough  will  return  and  again  the  work  of  the  three 
will  rest  upon  two;  and  the  next  year,  which  is  the  fifth  year,  the 
third  young  woman  will  go  back  to  Assam  and  the  school  will  again 
be  under  normal  management  after  five  years — just  the  period  of 
service  for  a  single  lady  missionary.  What  do  we  need?  I  need  not 
say ;  you  see  it  written  all  over  the  facts. 

What  about  Mr.  Moore,  who  is  in  the  same  station?  From  his 
station,  one  road  extending  eighty  miles  to  the  northeast  and  again 
eighty  miles  to  the  southwest,  is  in  automobile  condition.  Mr.  Moore 
has  been  on  his  field  thirty-five  years,  and  I  think  I  am  within  the 
truth  when  I  say  that  in  that  time  he  has  not  once  covered  the  field. 
He  has  been  tied  to  executive  work  for  the  school  in  Nowgong,  and 
for  the  whole  of  the  Assam  mission,  and  it  has  made  it  utterly  im- 
possible for  him  to  cover  his  work,  with  the  result  that  a  few  years 
from  now  he  is  to  lay  down  his  work  and  come  home. 

And  again,  at  Golaghat,  where  evangelistic  work  is  being  carried 
on  as  successfully,  I  think,  as  at  any  place  in  Assam,  Oscar  Swanson 
is  in  the  station,  with  five  roads  radiating  in  all  directions,  and  the 
shortest  of  those  roads  is  fifty  miles  long  toward  the  mountains, 
every  one  of  them  in  automobile  condition.  An  automobile  would 
add  to  his  efficiency  just  three  times  what  it  is  at  present,  making 

117 


The  Judson  Centennial 


him  four  times  as  valuable  as  he  now  is.  Now,  let  us  see  what  that 
means.  Let  us  say  that  some  of  you  Baptists  who  have  a  thousand 
dollars  burning  a  hole  in  your  pocket  and  wanting  to  give  a  master- 
stroke for  Jesus  Christ — let  us  see  how  it  will  go.  Let  us  say  $550 
for  an  automobile,  $50  to  put  it  on  the  field,  $400  to  keep  it  on  the 
field  for  five  years.  Three  times  the  efficiency  of  one  man  for  five 
years  is  fifteen  years.  That  is  more  than  the  average  life  of  a  mis- 
sionary on  the  field.  A  thousand  dollars ;  do  you  want  to  get  in  a 
masterful  stroke  for  Jesus  Christ  ?  There  is  your  opportunity ! 
(Applause.) 

Secretary  Baldwin.  We  are  now  going  to  turn  to  Japan.  There 
is  a  great  university  in  Tokyo,  the  Waseda  University.  One  of  the 
most  popular  professors  who  has  ever  been  connected  with  that  uni- 
versity is  with  us.  That  university,  by  the  way,  was  founded  by 
Count  Okuma,  the  present  premier  of  Japan.  This  representative — 
he  has  been  our  representative  on  that  faculty — Mr.  Benninghoff,  I 
am  glad  to  introduce  to  you.     (Applause.) 

ADDRESS   OF   REV.    H.   B.    BENNINGHOFF,    JAPAN 

Seven  years  ago  when  we  went  to  Japan  we  were  asked  to  accept 
a  position  on  the  Waseda  faculty,  by  the  president,  and  also  by 
Okuma,  the  chancellor.  Now  it  may  seem  strange  that  a  great 
university  with  8,000  students  and  a  faculty  of  250  men,  many  of 
them  with  Ph.  D.'s  from  American  and  European  universities,  all  of 
them  qualified  men  in  their  various  departments — that  such  an  inde- 
pendent Japanese  university  should  ask  a  Christian  mission  for  the 
loan  of  one  of  its  missionaries  to  work  among  its  students.  It  is 
strange.  And  the  meaning  of  it  is,  first  of  all,  a  confession  upon  the 
part  of  the  authorities  of  the  university  that  the  old  cults  and  ideals 
have  failed.  Less  than  a  year  ago  I  attended  a  meeting  of  the  leading 
religionists  of  Japan,  and  at  that  meeting  a  doctor  of  philosophy  of 
Leipzig,  who  translated  one  of  Spencer's  books  twenty  years  ago  in 
which  he  advocated  the  reign  of  science  and  the  death  of  religion — 
that  very  man  stood  upon  the  platform  and  said,  "  Our  scheme  has 
failed";  and  he  argued  to  those  men  for  a  revival  of  religion.  (Ap- 
plause.) 

Count  Okuma,  the  present  premier,  said  in  my  presence  to  Doctor 
Capen  when  he  was  in  Japan  some  years  ago,  "  Japan  has  already  won 
a  place  among  the  first  of  the  nations  of  the  earth."  And  in  reply  to 
Doctor  Capen's  question,  "  Do  you  need  missionaries  any  longer  ?  "  the 

118 


The  Judson  Centennial 


wise  Count  who  looks  down  through  the  years  said :  "  If  we  are  going 
to  maintain  the  position  that  we  have  gained  by  our  army  and  navy 
and  our  great  iinprovements  of  the  last  fifteen  years,  we  will  need 
yet  three  generations  at  least  of  men  qualified  to  lead  us  spiritually." 

It  is  because  of  this  sentiment  upon  the  part  of  the  leading  edu- 
cators and  especially  upon  the  part  of  those  connected  with  the 
university  that  this  university  condescended — for  it  was  a  condescen- 
sion in  a  sense — to  ask  a  Christian  mission  to  furnish  a  missionary  to 
work  amongst  its  students. 

Fifty-five  years  ago  our  own  Commodore  Perry  steered  his  boats 
into  Tokyo  Bay  and  demanded  of  the  Japanese  that  their  exclusive- 
ness  should  come  to  an  end,  that  open  ports  should  be  established,  and 
that  the  ships  of  the  nations  be  allowed  to  carry  on  commerce  with 
her  people.  Very  reluctantly  that  old  nation  listened  to  the  com- 
mand of  our  commodore.  But  she  was  forced  to  do  so.  And  with  a 
zeal  phenomenal  and  admirable  she  set  about  to  modernize  herself. 

I  do  not  believe  the  people  of  the  United  States  appreciate  in  the 
least  the  great  problems  that  modern  Japan  has  before  her,  nor  even 
what  she  has  really  accomplished.  A  nation  which  for  250  years  re- 
fused to  have  any  intercourse  whatever  with  any  foreign  country, 
whose  very  word  for  Japan  was  the  word,  "  Under  heaven,"  meaning 
that  she  was  the  whole  earth  herself — that  nation  which  for  twenty 
centuries,  according  to  her  tradition,  has  lived  for  herself  and  unto 
herself,  was  compelled  all  at  once  to  open  up  her  doors  to  the  nations 
of  the  earth.  She  was  called  upon  to  establish  an  educational  system, 
and  she  did  so.  She  has  to-day  an  educational  system  that  is  the 
equal  of  any  anywhere,  and  I  was  astonished  the  other  day  to  find 
that  the  percentage  of  illiteracy  in  Japan  is  lower  than  it  is  in  the 
State  of  Massachusetts — an  educational  system  that  reaches  from  the 
kindergarten  to  the  graduate  department  of  the  university,  from  the 
lowest  to  the  highest.  From  one  end  of  Japan  to  the  other  every- 
where are  these  public  schools. 

Not  only  was  education  demanded,  but  this  country,  which  had 
been  governed  by  a  despot  for  twenty  centuries,  was  called  upon 
within  a  very  few  years  to  readjust  herself  to  the  position  of  one  of 
the  leading  powers  of  the  world  by  granting  a  constitution  to  her 
people,  and  thus  almost  in  the  twinkling  of  an  eye  a  despotic  mon- 
archy became  a  constitutional  monarchy  without  a  struggle  or  a  drop 
of  blood.  Not  only  so,  but  this  little  country,  which  had  never  any 
commerce  whatever  to  speak  of — the  people  were  engaged  in  other 
forms  of  activitv — all  at  once  this  country,  being  opened  up  to  the 


119 


The  Judson  Centennial 


world,  was  compelled  to  find  in  commerce  one  of  her  great  resources. 
And  it  is  here  that  the  question  touches  us  Americans  most  deeply. 
In  old  Japan  there  were  four  classes  of  people,  the  nobility,  the 
soldier,  the  farmer,  and  the  business  man,  and  in  the  Japanese 
language  the  word  for  "  business  section  "  has  almost  the  same  con- 
notation as  our  own  word  "  slum."  The  business  man  was  the  riffrafif ; 
he  lived  in  the  center  of  the  town,  and  when  you  said  that  a  man 
was  a  chonin,  or  that  he  lived  in  the  center  of  the  town,  the  business 
section,  it  was  practically  the  same  as  saying  that  he  lived  in  the 
slums. 

Now  the  nation  that  had  those  traditions  back  of  it  was  com- 
pelled almost  within  ten  years  to  adjust  itself  to  a  position  of  com- 
mercial activity  and  leadership.  You  know  how  well  she  has  done 
this.  Her  ships  are  on  every  ocean,  carrying  the  goods  of  every 
country  to-day. 

And  then  came  her  army  and  navy.  The  Franco-Prussian  war  was 
on  at  the  time  just  following  the  awakening  of  Japan,  and  Japan,  of 
course,  thought  that  in  order  to  be  up-to-date,  she  had  to  have  an 
army  and  navy,  and  she  got  one ;  and  the  recent  victories  and  the 
prowess  of  the  Japanese  in  their  military  exploits  need  no  expla- 
nation at  this  time. 

I  only  want  to  bring  this  home  to  you — that  every  one  of  these 
things  is  due  to  the  coming  of  Commodore  Perry  to  Japan. 

Now  the  modem  problems  of  Japan  arise  out  of  this  situation. 
She  has  an  educational  system;  she  has  given  a  constitution  to  her 
people;  she  has  great  commercial  activities;  she  has  armies  and 
she  has  a  navy;  but  her  educational  system  falls  far  short  of  training 
her  men  for  these  great  relationships  into  which  Japan  has  come, 
according  to  the  testimony  of  Japanese  educators  themselves.  Be- 
cause the  people  secured  political  rights  without  a  struggle,  now  they 
find  themselves  like  the  Negroes  in  our  own  southland  after  the  war 
of  the  Rebellion,  an  emancipated  race  as  far  as  the  constitution  is 
concerned,  but  a  people  who  have  no  training  whatever  in  social 
democracy.  That  accounts  for  the  mobs  that  you  read  of  in  front 
of  the  Japanese  parliament  building  when  there  is  any  exciting  time 
in  Japanese  politics.  The  power  of  the  army  and  navy  also  has  been 
so  strongly  exerted  that  the  people  have  been  actually  forced  to  pray 
in  the  name  of  the  army  and  the  navy.  It  seemed  five  or  six  years 
ago  that  the  army  and  the  navy  were  about  to  take  the  place  on  the 
pedestal  of  honor  as  the  very  god  of  modern  Japan. 

Now    all    of   these   things   bring   the    modern    problems    of   Japan, 

120 


The  Judson  Centennial 


problems  that  are  quivering  in  their  intensity,  problems  educational, 
political,  commercial ;  and  not  one  of  those  problems  is  related  in  any 
way  to  Japanese  past  history;  they  all  grow  up  out  of  the  situation 
that  has  arisen  in  the  last  fifty  years. 

Do  you  wonder  that  Japan  is  intellectually  to-day  at  sea?  Can 
you  wonder  that  Japan  is  morally  and  spiritually  to-day  in  doubt  and 
knows  not  where  to  go?  Do  you  wonder  that  Count  Okuma  asks 
the  Baptist  mission  or  any  other  spiritual  regenerating  agency  to 
come  over  into  Japan  and  help  them  ?  You  have  these  problems  here 
in  America,  friends.  The  industrial,  the  social,  the  political  prob- 
lems of  our  modern  life  here  in  America  are  tense  and  quivering 
too,  but  the  great  difference  between  the  problems  here  and  the 
problems  of  Japan  is  this,  that  you  have  a  historic  Christian  past, 
you  have  a  historic  Christ,  through  whom  to  mediate  the  solution  of 
these  problems.  That  is  the  meaning  of  the  addresses  on  social  serv- 
ice given  from  this  platform.  But  Japan  in  her  past  has  no  Christ, 
and  she  has  no  Christian  history.  Subtract  Christ  and  Christian 
history  and  Christian  traditions  and  Christian  idealism  from  your 
problems  and  the  solution  of  your  problems,  and  you  will  have  as  a 
remainder  modern  Japan. 

But  this  invitation  of  Count  Okuma  to  the  Baptist  mission  to  loan 
one  of  its  workers  to  the  student  body  is  not  only  a  confession  of  the 
failure  of  Bushido,  it  is  also  a  tribute  to  Christian  missions,  to  Christ, 
and  to  our  Baptists.  Count  Okuma  learned  to  read  English  out  of 
the  English  Bible  under  the  sainted  Doctor  Verbeck,  one  of  the  first 
missionaries  to  Japan.  He  knows  the  Bible  better  than  many  of  you 
do,  doubtless.  With  his  wide  vision  he  sees  the  meaning  of  Christ  in 
history,  and  although  a  man  seventy-six  years  old,  called  to  be  the 
head  of  the  government  in  this  its  most  stringent  occasion  and  time — 
that  man  sees  and  knows  that  the  only  solution  there  is  for  modern 
Japan  is  the  spirit  of  Christ,  and  the  invitation  to  your  missionary  is 
a  tribute  to  him  and  to  you. 

This  morning  when  we  were  discussing  the  question  of  the  field 
and  equipment  of  the  field,  I  just  thought  of  how  we  are  trying  to 
meet  the  situation  in  Japan  in  this  most  stirring  moment.  Do  you 
know  that  last  year,  when  the  California  question  was  at  its  height 
and  the  Japanese  in  this  country  were  being  maligned — do  you  know 
that  at  that  very  moment  Christian  teachers  and  Christian  preachers 
from  all  over  Japan,  as  well  as  publicists,  were  meeting  at  a  certain 
hotel  in  Tokyo,  asking  the  Americans  to  double  the  number  of 
American  teachers  amongst  them  ?    I  walked  in  and  out  amongst  those 

121 


The  Judson  Centennial 


8,000  students  every  day  and  amongst  those  250  professors,  and  I 
never  heard  an  ill  word  or  an  insult  at  any  time  or  on  any  occasion. 
(Applause.)  The  Japanese  were  at  first  greatly  insulted  and  then 
humiliated,  and  then  they  said :  "  Well,  anyway,  we  are  going  to 
make  the  best  of  this,  and  if  we  are  deficient  morally  and  spiritually 
to  meet  Americans  on  their  soil,  we  are  going  to  qualify  for 
citizenship  anywhere  in  the  world.  (Applause.)  And  if  by  utilizing 
the  presence  of  a  Christian  missionary  we  can  help  ourselves  to  be 
lifted  up  to  a  position  of  equality  among  the  nations  of  the  world  so 
that  we  can  maintain  our  place  and  win  not  only  the  respect  of  men 
for  our  arms  and  our  valor,  but  also  the  respect  of  the  nations  of  the 
world  for  our  integrity  and  our  character,  if  the  missionary  can 
contribute  anything  in  this  situation,  send  more  of  them  and  we  will 
use  all  you  send."     (Applause.) 

That  is  the  attitude  of  Japan  at  the  present  moment.  Every  door  is 
open.  This  old  friend.  Count  Okuma,  according  to  a  letter  from 
home,  received  just  the  other  day,  assembled  the  governors  of  Japan, 
all  of  them,  into  a  great  room  in  Tokyo,  and  he  told  them  that 
religion,  including  the  religion  of  Christ,  must  have  a  free  course 
in  every  section  of  the  empire.  (Applause.)  He  said,  "Only  by 
giving  religious  freedom  to  our  people  can  we  find  any  help  out  of 
our  present  difficulty." 

Now,  shall  we  who  sent  our  ships  under  Perry  to  open  Japan 
fifty-five  years  agO' — shall  we  who  forgave  the  indemnity  of  Shimo- 
noseki — shall  we  who  brought  the  Japanese  to  our  shores  and  trained 
them  in  our  schools  and  sent  them  back  to  places  of  honor  and  trust 
in  the  making  of  new  Japan — shall  we  of  this  country  who  during 
the  Russo-Japanese  war  so  loyally  sympathized  with  them  and  urged 
them  on  in  the  troubles  of  their  country — shall  we  who  have  played 
the  part  of  the  big  brother  through  all  these  years  now  turn  our 
backs  upon  them  and  tell  them  to  find  their  own  way  out  of  the 
darkness  into  which  we  have  led  them?  Shall  we?  No,  we  will  not. 
The  highest  contribution  that  this  country  can  make  to  Japan  she 
has  yet  to  make,  not  in  street-cars  or  automobiles,  in  steam-cars  and 
guns,  but  in  the  great  spiritual  forces  of  righteousness  and  truth. 
Yea,  above  all,  in  the  gift  of  Him  whose  name  is  above  every  name, 
and  before  whom  all  will  bow.     (Applause.) 

Secretary  Baldwin.  Now,  as  I  introduce  the  brother  from  China, 
I  wish  you  could  know  just  a  word  about  him.  He  comes  to  us 
from  Canton,  but  he  was  nineteen  years  in  Kityang  before  he  went 

122 


The  Judson  Centennial 


there,  and  there  in  Kityang  we  have  some  of  the  largest  numerical 
results  that  have  been  obtained  in  any  field  in  China,  and  to-day 
there  are  more  self-supporting  churches  on  that  field  than  anywhere 
else  in  our  field  in  China.  Brother  Speicher  was  called  from  that 
to  take  up  this  publication  work.  He  is  a  man  of  broad  vision ;  he 
sees  great  possibilities ;  he  sees  ahead.  Perhaps  he  will  tell  us  a 
little  of  that  vision  now.     (Applause.) 

ADDRESS   OF   REV.   JACOB   SPEICHER,    CHINA 

In  the  year  1912,  in  the  summer,  the  Chinese  Christians  banded 
themselves  together  to  raise  funds  to  present  the  child  emperor  and 
prince  regent  with  Bibles.  It  was  understood  that  nobody  but  Chinese 
Christians  should  have  part  and  share  in  this  undertaking.  When 
the  committee  representing  the  Chinese  Christians  entered  the  palace 
at  Peking,  they  were  driven  from  the  place  and  told  that  they 
were  not  citizens  of  China,  that  they  belonged  to  the  foreigners, 
should  cut  their  cues,  and  wear  foreign  clothing.  And  God  again  in 
the  history  of  mankind  wrote  on  the  walls  of  that  dynasty,  "  Mene, 
mene,  tekel,  upharsin  " — "  Thou  art  weighed  in  the  balances,  and  art 
found  wanting  " — so,  within  two  months  after  that  event  the  Man- 
chu  dynasty  was  swept  away  like  chaff  before  the  whirlwind  and 
the  republic  was  established. 

I  wish  I  could  describe  to  you  the  joy  that  took  possession  of 
the  Chinese  in  the  establishment  of  the  republic.  It  was  a  tribute  to 
the  American  nation.  And  they  believed  that  in  the  establishment  of 
that  republic  they  found  a  panacea  for  all  their  ills.  But  alas,  only 
again  to  be  disappointed.  And  why?  It  is  true,  as  Speer  told  us  the 
other  day,  that  it  was  because  the  Chinese  did  not  possess  truth.  But 
it  lies  just  a  little  deeper  than  that.  It  is  because  the  Chinese  tried 
in  their  civilization  to  do  without  the  living  God — without  hitching 
their  moral  science  and  moral  teachings  with  eternal  ideals,  with  ideals 
that  go  through  eternity. 

The  Chinese  at  the  present  time  are  greatly  discouraged — dis- 
couraged in  the  political  affairs,  because  they  see  the  north  and 
the  south  arrayed  against  each  other.  Yuan  Shi  Kai,  the  president, 
has  exiled,  driven  out  all  those  noble  men  that  established  the  republic 
two  years  ago.  Sun  Yat  Sen,  the  patriot,  is  an  exile,  and  with  him 
thousands  of  patriots,  and  to-day  in  South  China  at  least  there  is 
not  one  Christian  office-holder.  The  financial  conditions  of  China  are 
desperate.     China  has  a  debt   reckoned  in  her  own  currency,  silver 

123 


The  Judson  Centennial 


dollars,  of  over  two  thousand  millions  of  dollars,  and  it  takes  seventy 
per  cent  of  the  entire  income  of  their  revenue  and  taxation  to  pay 
the  interest  of  this  great  debt. 

I  -wish  I  had  time  to  tell  you  of  the  moral  conditions  of  the 
country.  For  young  people  are  taking  the  words  of  liberty  and 
equality  and  interpreting  them  in  the  terms  of  license.  I  wish  I  had 
time  to  tell  you  of  the  great  darkness  that  has  taken  possession — of 
pessimism  that  has  overcome  the  whole  thinking  process  of  the 
Chinese.  And  we  Christian  workers  cry  out,  "  Watchman,  watchman, 
what  of  the  night  ?  "  But  it  is  the  servant  of  God,  your  missionary, 
that  can  penetrate  the  gloom,  and  beyond  the  gloom  see  in  the 
Far  East  the  glow  of  a  glorious  sunrise,  because  we  see  the  politi- 
cians, the  leading  men  of  China  getting  the  ideals  of  Christian 
personality.  And  I  want  to  assure  Doctor  Bitting  that  the  very  point 
upon  which  he  laid  such  emphasis  last  night  is  the  very  thing  that 
the  leading  men  in  China  have  grasped.  They  have  caught  a  vision 
of  Christian  personality,  and  they  come  to  the  missionary  and  ask 
him,  "  What  is  it  that  you  have  in  addition  to  your  learning?  "  And 
we  answer,  "  It  is  Jesus  Christ,  the  living  Christ  in  each  individual." 

Let  me  read  to  you  what  the  prime  minister  of  the  present  gov- 
ernment says  with  regard  to  this  Christian  personality.  He  admits,  in 
speaking  about  the  establishment  of  Confucianism  as  the  state  re- 
ligion, that  he  and  the  president  will  have  nothing  of  it;  and  since 
that  time,  since  he  has  spoken,  it  is  a  fact  that  the  government  has 
accepted  the  principle  of  religious  liberty.    He  says : 

"  After  the  outbreak  of  the  revolution  in  Wu  Chung  there  was 
terrific  fighting  north  of  the  Yangtse  River.  Some  students  organized 
the  Red  Cross  Society,  in  order  to  help  the  wounded  and  bury  the 
dead  upon  the  battlefield.  I  was  asked  to  help  in  the  organization 
of  this  society.  In  all,  sixty-nine  persons  had  volunteered  to  do 
this  dangerous  work.  Just  at  that  time  telegrams  came  telling  of 
severe  fighting  and  great  numbers  of  men  slain  in  battle.  At  once  the 
courage  of  many  of  the  volunteers  began  to  fail  and  only  thirty-five 
of  the  sixty-nine  persons  were  willing  to  start  for  duty.  As  we 
arrived  on  the  battlefield  I  found  that  only  twenty-nine  had  re- 
mained faithful.  I  was  surprised,  and  had  the  matter  investigated. 
It  zi'os  found  that  the  entire  twenty-nine  zvere  Christians.  I  learned 
then  and  there  that  if  we  desired  to  exist  as  a  nation  we  could  not 
do  without  men  of  this  character."     (Applause.) 

Brethren,  the  Americans  are  beloved  of  the  Chinese.  I  have 
read   what   a   European   editor  says  of  conditions   in   China   at   the 

124 


The  Judson  Centennial 


present  time,  and  he  admits  that  of  all  nations  the  American  has  the 
hearts  of  the  Chinese.  What  are  we  going  to  do  for  the  Chinese? 
We  have  three  universities  with  which  we  have  linked  up  our  work. 
We  expect  to  establish  that  great  university  in  West  China,  and  we 
have  by  the  grace  of  God  the  second  largest  university  in  Shanghai — 
and  in  China,  for  that  matter — from  which  we  have  heard  in  these 
days  that  twenty-four  of  the  leading  students  have  become  Christians, 
who  will  become  leaders  in  China  in  future  years.  We  have  the 
Canton  Christian  College  in  Canton.  But,  after  all,  let  me  tell  you 
just  one  word  about  this  great  China  Baptist  Publication  Society — 
one  word.  Brethren,  what  are  you  going  to  do  for  a  race  that  has 
developed  a  literature  for  the  past  twenty-five  hundred  years,  a  liter- 
ature based  upon  the  purest  moral  thoughts  in  Asia  ?  I  put  it  to  you 
Americans,  what  are  you  going  to  do  for  the  Chinese,  who  have  de- 
veloped an  encyclopedia  of  a  thousand  volumes?  Our  Encyclopedia 
Britannica  is  a  work  of  thirty  volumes.  The  Chinese,  in  the  past 
several  hundreds  of  years,  have  developed  one  of  over  a  thousand 
volumes.  It  takes  60,000  words  and  ideas  to  express  the  mentality 
of  the  Chinese.  And  now  we  come  to  the  Chinese,  we  Christians — 
what  are  we  going  to  do  for  these  people?  I  maintain  that  we  must 
develop  a  literature  that  shall  commend  itself  to  the  statesmen,  to  the 
thinking  classes  of  China,  and  we  can  only  do  this  through  a  Chris- 
tian Publication  Society.  i\re  you  ready  to  help  us?  The  Lord  give 
you  faith  in  this  great  work.     (Applause.) 

Secretary  Baldwin.  Dr.  Raphael  C.  Thomas  will  speak  for  the 
Philippines. 

ADDRESS   OF   REV.    RAPHAEL   C.    THOMAS,    M.    D.,    PHILIPPINES 

I  have  just  landed  from  the  archipelago,  ten  thousand  miles  away, 
and  though  my  heart  is  full,  it  is  difficult  for  me  in  five  minutes  to 
give  you  the  keynote  of  the  Philippine  situation.  I  could  speak  to 
you  concerning  the  medical  work  in  the  little  hospital  of  sixty  beds 
in  Iloilo,  as  well  as  the  hospital  in  Capiz.  I  could  give  you  something 
of  the  pathos  of  the  medical  work.  I  could  perhaps  describe  to  you 
the  parting  of  old  Si  Loy.  who  had  come  down  from  the  hills  ill  with  a 
fatal  malady,  and  as  I  sat  by  his  bedside  and  saw  the  smile  which 
illuminated  his  countenance  in  that  last  hour,  it  was  a  lesson  con- 
cerning the  value  of  medical  missions  that  was  worth  while.  It  was 
worth  while  to  have  built  that  little  hospital  if  for  no  other  reason 


125 


The  Judson  Centennial 


than  to  allow  that  saint  to  depart  to  his  home  under  such  conditions. 
I  could  quote  to  you  the  parting  cry  of  triumph  of  the  Chinaman  who, 
with  his  last  breath,  three  times  uttered  the  words,  "  I  am  a  Christian ; 
I  am  a  Christian;  I  am  a  Christian."  These  are  something  of  the 
triumphs;  the  pathos  of  it  too  would  appeal  to  you.  The  little  child 
who  came  into  my  office  not  long  ago,  a  child  of  four  or  five  years, 
perhaps,  totally  blind  because  some  kind  friend  had  put  some  medi- 
cament into  the  eyes  to  cure  some  other  disease  and  destroyed  her 
sight  forever.  It  was  a  lifelong  lesson  to  me  of  the  results  of 
ignorance  from  merely  a  medical  point  of  view  in  those  far-away 
lands.  It  was  not  so  impossible  as  in  the  South  Sea  Islands,  where 
we  read  of  a  diseased  person  who  three  times  was  buried  and  having 
burst  open  his  grave  twice  was  tied  to  a  tree  and  burned.  It  is  not 
so  bad  as  that,  but  it  is  bad  enough,  and  if  there  be  here  a  medical 
man  who  is  allowing  his  talent  to  be  vi^asted  in  a  district  which  could 
be  well  provided  for  by  many  another,  it  behooves  him  to  consider 
the  value  of  placing  his  life  in  a  land  where  prevails  such  ignorance 
as  that. 

I  could  tell  you  of  tours  into  the  mountain  districts,  of  the  itiner- 
ating work  among  the  mountain  people  or  on  the  seashore  where  the 
palms  skirt  the  coral  shores;  of  the  triumph  of  such  work  as  that 
among  the  poor  people.  A  picture  stands  out  before  me  now  of  one 
of  those  little  islands  in  a  distant  part  of  Capiz,  where  an  old,  old  man 
had  been  waiting  for  ninety  years — he  said  he  was  ninety  years  of  age, 
and  he  certainly  looked  it — waiting  at  ninety  years  for  the  promise  of 
Israel,  and  when  we  witnessed  his  confession  it  was  one  of  the  most 
beautiful  that  I  have  ever  heard — complete,  simple,  and  satisfying. 
And  when  he  was  buried  in  baptism  in  a  little  rocky  chalice  in  the 
side  of  a  hill  with  a  view  looking  over  the  plain  with  its  palms  and 
its  rice-fields,  and  gathered  about  at  this  baptismal  font  were  those 
simple  mountain  people,  I  said  to  myself,  "This  is  a  triumph." 

But,  friends,  this  is  only  the  beginning  of  the  work.  The  most  im- 
portant of  all  the  issues  in  the  Philippines  right  now  is  the  educating 
of  the  leadership  of  those  people.  Educated,  evangelized,  regenerated 
leaders  is  the  demand  of  the  Philippines  to-day,  and  I  am  exceedingly 
optimistic  concerning  the  work  of  our  government  in  that  country 
if  the  church  will  do  her  part  in  raising  up  leaders  who  have  integrity 
and  ability,  who  are  Christ's  men.  If  such  leadership  is  not  raised  up 
I  am  exceedingly  pessimistic  concerning  the  future  of  the  Philippine 
Islands.  It  is  among  these  young  men  that  I  desire  to  spend  a  good 
portion  of  my  time  in  the  work.    It  is  an  open  door.    The  government 

126 


The  Judson  Centennial 


is  educating  these  young  men  for  us.  Already  they  have  schools  of 
higher  learning,  colleges,  medical  schools;  they  are  now  establishing 
a  law  school;  and  it  is  for  us  to  buy  up  the  opportunity  and  enter 
the  open  door.  And  of  what  character  are  these  young  men?  When 
I  landed  in  California  I  had  one  of  the  boys  who  has  been  working 
in  the  hospital.  I  supposed  he  had  been  provided  for,  because  he 
expected  to  meet  a  friend  in  Palo  Alto.  The  friend  failed  him.  He 
wrote  me  one  of  the  most  beautiful  letters  the  other  day  and  said 
that  he  had  walked  right  into  the  house  of  a  doctor  there,  who  had 
taken  him  into  his  home  and  into  his  life  and  was  endeavoring  to 
get  him  into  the  university  and  had  agreed  to  look  after  him.  Do 
you  say  God  is  not  providing  for  his  children,  the  young  men  of 
the  Philippines,  when  you  have  an  example  of  providential  guidance 
such  as  that? 

And  of  what  character  are  they?  Just  one  word;  I  have  no  time 
to  describe  them ;  but  let  me  tell  you  of  one  whom  I  have  known 
personally,  Ilario  Castilio.  He  was  a  blind  boy.  He  passed  about  the 
streets  of  Capiz  groping  his  way,  but  he  was  led  to  Jesus  Christ 
when  his  soul  was  illuminated  with  the  gospel.  His  first  effort  was 
not  to  lead  one  to  Christ  who  was  his  superior,  but  he  went  to  the 
poorest  one  he  could  find,  a  poor  boy  who  was  crawling  about  the 
streets,  a  cripple.  He  led  him  to  Christ  and  they  were  both  buried 
in  baptism  in  the  blue  waters  of  the  bay.  It  was  a  beautiful  scene — 
I  never  can  forget  it — the  blind  boy  and  the  cripple,  hand  in  hand,  as 
they  passed  into  the  waters  and  were  baptized  in  the  name  of  Christ. 
The  work  did  not  stop  there.  He  went  to  the  Bible  school,  and  Mr. 
Lunt,  the  leader  of  the  school,  said  he  had  more  brains  than  all  the 
rest  of  the  students  put  together.  I  loved  to  look  at  his  face  as  he 
sang  the  hymns.  He  knew  them  by  heart,  his  memory  was  so  re- 
tentive. I  heard  him  preach  one  of  his  first  sermons;  the  text  was 
suggestive — "  I  am  the  way,  the  truth,  and  the  life."  He  said, 
"  Jesus  Christ  is  the  only  one  who  has  ever  been  to  heaven,  conse- 
quently he  is  the  only  one  who  knows  the  way."  How  beautiful  a 
tribute  from  a  blind  boy  concerning  the  great  guide,  Jesus  Christ ! 
The  last  I  heard  of  him  he  was  doing  itinerant  work  in  the  hills,  be- 
ing led  by  the  hand  and  preaching  the  gospel  of  Jesus.  If  a  blind  boy, 
a  mere  Filipino,  can  do  that,  what  is  possible  for  these  bright  young 
men  who  are  being  educated  in  the  high  schools,  the  secondary 
schools,  and  colleges  if  we  but  give  them  the  gospel  of  Jesus  Christ 
in  its  power  to  conquer?  The  future  of  our  government's  work  for 
the  Philippines  will  be  assured  if  we  will  do  our  part  in  establishing 


127 


The  Judson  Centennial 


an  educated,  evangelized,  regenerative  leadership  among  the  Filipino 
young  men. 

The  President.  Now,  we  are  to  stand  and  sing  together.  Per- 
haps we  would  love  to  sing  ''  From  Greenland's  icy  mountains."  I 
think  we  have  been  in  tropical  sympathy  wnth  some  of  these  equatorial 
countries.  We  are  going  to  sing  No.  215,  "  Onward,  Christian  Sol- 
diers." We  will  stand  and  sing  that,  and  immediately  at  the  con- 
clusion of  the  hymn  we  will  sit  down  and  the  picture  will  be  taken. 
It  is  beautiful  to  see  how  people  are  sitting  through  this  great  meeting, 
but  don't  miss  any  of  it.  A  dramatic  and  beautiful  scene  will  follow 
the  presentation  of  these  fraternal  delegates  whom  we  will  want  to 
tell  our  children  and  our  children's  children  of. 

The  hymn,  "  Onward,  Christian  Soldiers,"  was  sung,  after  which 
the  flashlight  picture  was  taken. 

AWARD   OF   CENTENNIAL   PRIZE   LIBRARIES 

The  President.  We  will  now  have  the  awarding  of  the  Cen- 
tennial Prize  Libraries.  Mr.  Henry  Bond,  the  honored  president  of 
the  Northern  Baptist  Convention,  will  perform  that  service. 

President  Bond,  of  the  Convention,  announced  the  following  award 
of  Centennial  Prize  Libraries,  made  by  the  Department  of  Missionary 
Education :  first.  First  Baptist  Church.  Columbus,  Indiana ;  second. 
First  Baptist  Church,  Bridgeton,  New  Jersey;  third.  First  Baptist 
Church,  Mason,  Michigan.  Honorable  mention  was  made  of  other 
churches. 

President  Bond.    In  addition  to  this  I  wish  to  read  the  following: 

One  of  the  judges,  Dr.  Howard  B.  Grose,  was  so  impressed  by  the 
work  done  by  the  little  rural  church  at  East  Swanton,  Vermont,  with  only 
twenty-five  members  and  forty  in  the  Sunday-school,  that  he  gives  an 
additional  prize  of  a  missionary  library  of  twenty-five  volumes  to  this 
little  school.     (Applause.) 

I  will  only  add  just  a  word.  Would  that  the  time  was  mine  that  I 
might  add  more.  The  studying  of  this  missionary  work  and  getting  it 
into  the  hearts  and  minds  of  our  schools  means  this:  We  have  that 
statement  which  is  so  true,  that  where  our  treasure  is  there  will  our 
heart  be  also.  Reverse  the  statement,  that  where  our  heart  is,  there 
will  our  treasure  be.  And  the  time  will  come  when  those  who  are 
being  trained  in  the  schools  that  I  have  read  to  you  this  afternoon 

128 


The  Judson  Centennial 


will  be  sending  out  money  so  that  we  shall  not  be  coming  to  you  to 
make  up  the  deficit  year  after  year,  and  we  shall  not  be  coming  to 
you  for  a  shortage  of  men  and  women  to  go  out  on  the  mission  field. 
We  listened  here  last  night  to  those  that  came  before  us,  who  had 
been  trained  in  missionary  homes.  They  were  the  ones  that  were 
offering  their  service  out  in  the  foreign  field.  God  grant  that  in  the 
coming  year  this  propaganda  which  has  proved  so  successful  within 
the  past  year  may  spread  on  and  on  through  all  the  years  of  the 
denomination.     (Applause.) 

Mr.  President :  There  has  been  placed  in  my  hands,  as  an  officer 
of  the  Convention,  a  matter  that  I  wish  to  bring  to  you  now  as  a 
Society.  Dr.  Edward  Judson's  wife  is  ill  in  a  hospital  and  expects 
soon  to  undergo  an  operation.  It  is  suggested  that  this  Society  send 
an  expression  of  sympathy  to  her  and  her  husband  just  at  this  time. 
I  move  you  that  the  secretary  be  authorized  to  send  such  a  communi- 
cation expressing  the  deep  sympathy  of  this  Society.  (The  motion 
was  carried.) 

President  Jones.  We  will  now  have  the  pleasure  of  listening  to 
an  address  on  "  The  Appeal  of  the  East  to  the  Churches  of  the  West," 
by  Rev.  W.  A.  Hill,  of  Minnesota,  a  member  of  the  Centennial  party 
to  the  Far  East.     (For  this  address  see  page  219.) 

presentation   of   fraternal  delegates 

The  President.  I  will  now  introduce  Doctor  Haggard,  our  Home 
Secretary,  who  will  introduce  and  receive  salutations  from  our  fra- 
ternal visitors. 

Doctor  Haggard.  In  anticipation  of  this  great  occasion  the  follow- 
ing invitation  was  sent  by  the  Board  of  Managers  of  the  American 
Baptist  Foreign  Mission  Society  to  eighty-one  missionary  organiza- 
tions in  the  United  States,  Canada,  and  Great  Britain,  also  to  the 
missions  of  this  Society.  (For  facsimile  of  invitation,  see  page  262.) 
In  response  to  this  invitation,  thirty-one  communications  have  been 
received  from  organizations  which  could  not  be  represented  here  per- 
sonally, and  that  list  we  will  now  read : 

American  Advent  Mission  Society. 

China  Inland  Mission,  London ;  also  from  American  Branch. 

Christian  and  Missionary  Alliance. 

General  Mission  Board  of  the  Church  of  the  Brethren. 

Missionary  Society  of  the  Evangelical  Association. 

129 


The  Judson  Centennial 


American  Friends'  Board  of  Foreign  Missions. 

Parent  Home  and  Foreign  Missionary  Society  of  the  African  Methodist 
Episcopal  Church. 

General  Missionary  Board  of  the  Free  Methodist  Church  of  North 
America. 

Board  of  Foreign  Missions  of  the  Methodist  Protestant  Church. 

Missionary  Education  Movement. 

Executive  Committee  of  Foreign  Missions  of  the  Presbyterian  Church 
in  the  United  States. 

Board  of  Foreign  Missions  of  the  United  Presbyterian  Church  of 
North  America. 

Board  of  Foreign  Missions  of  the  Reformed  Church  in  the  United 
States. 

The  Scandinavian  Alliance  Mission. 

Seventh   Day  Adventists'    Denomination. 

Foreign  Missionary  Society  of  the  United  Brethren  in  Christ. 

Foreign  Department  of  the  National  Board  of  the  Young  Women's 
Christian  Associations  of  the  United  States  of  America. 

Canada  Congregational  Foreign  Missionary  Society. 

Missionary  Society  of  the  Methodist  Church,  Canada. 

Foreign  Mission  Committee  of  the  Presbyterian  Church  in  Canada — ' 
Western  Division. 

Baptist  Union  of  Great  Britain  and  Ireland.  • 

British  and  Foreign  Bible  Society. 

Church  of  England  Zenana  Missionary  Society. 

Church  Missionary  Society  for  Africa  and  the  East. 

Church  of  Scotland  Foreign  Mission  Committee. 

London  Missionary  Society. 

Foreign  Missions  Committee  of  the  Presbyterian  Church  of  England. 

Regions  Beyond  Missionary  Union. 

Society  for  the  Propagation  of  the  Gospel  in  Foreign  Parts. 

United   Free  Church  of   Scotland's   Foreign  Mission   Committee. 

Sudan  United  Mission. 

Thirty-nine  organizations  have  sent  to  us  messengers  with  personal 
greetings.  These  friends  are  here  with  us  on  the  platform,  but  before 
they  are  introduced  one  by  one  I  suggest  that  we  rise  to  our  feet  in  a 
body  and  give  them  welcome.  (The  delegates  rose,  amid  hearty  ap- 
plause.) It  is  to  be  regretted  that  all  of  these  friends  cannot  speak. 
But  they  will  respond  to  their  names  in  turn,  for  we  want  you  to 
identify  the  individual  with  the  organization.  I  shall  call  the  name 
of  the  representative,  who  will  arise  in  his  place  while  I  mention 
the  name  of  the  organization ;  he  will  then  pass  to  Mr.  Lipphard  the 
greetings  which  he  has  brought,  and  Mr.  Lipphard  in  turn  will  pass 
these  to  the  president. 

Doctor  Haggard  then  called  the  list,  and  each  delegate  was  ap- 
plauded as  he  rose. 

130 


The  Judson  Centennial 


FRATERNAL  DELEGATES  PRESENT 

American  Board  of  Commissioners  for  Foreign  Missions — the  mis- 
sionary mother  of  us  all.    William  Douglas  Mackenzie,  D.  D.,  LL.  D. 

American  Bible  Society — which  has  girdled  the  world  with  the  word 
of  God.     Churchill   H.  Cutting. 

Board  of  Foreign  Missions  of  the  Reformed  Church  in  America — an 
aggressive  body  with  a  noble  history  and  eminent  missionaries.  E.  W. 
Miller,  D.  D. 

Canadian  Baptist  Foreign  Mission  Board — brethren  beloved  in  service. 
J.  G.  Brown,  D.  D. 

Board  of  Foreign  Missions^  of  the  Presbyterian  Church  in  the  United 
States  of  America — member  of  that  group  of  strong  religious  bodies 
which  was  the  first  to  recognize  the  fact  that  the  church,  the  denomina- 
tion as  such,  should  conduct  its  missionary  enterprises.  George  Alex- 
ander, D.  D. 

Foreign  Mission  Board  of  the  Southern  Baptist  Convention — our  strong 
Baptist  ally  in  world-wide  evangelization.     T.   B.   Ray,   D.   D. 

Mission  Board  of  the  Christian  Church — a  devoted  band  of  missionary 
disciples.     Rev.  M.  T.  Morrill,  M.  A. 

Foreign  Missionary  Association  of  Friends  of  Philadelphia — whicli 
nobly  upholds  its  principles  of  peace.     Miss  Sara  M.  Longstreth. 

Board  of  Foreign  Missions  of  the  General  Synod  of  the  Evangelical 
Lutheran  Church  in  the  United  States  of  America — true  to  a  great 
leader  and  a  greater  cause.     L.  L.  Uhl,  Ph.  D.,  D.  D. 

Board  of  Foreign  Missions  of  the  Methodist  Episcopal  Church— leader 
in  the  great  forward  movement  in  enthusiasm  and  giving.  Edward  S 
Ninde,  D.  D. 

Board  of  IMissions  of  the  Methodist  Episcopal  Church  South — an  aggres- 
sive force  among  a  noble  people.    W.  W.  Pinson,  D.  D. 

Society  of  the  United  Brethren  for  Propagating  the  Gospel  among 
the  Heathen — whose  name  recalls  the  pioneer  Francke  and  the  noble 
Zinzendorf.     Paul  de  Schweinitz,  D.  D. 

Brethren's  Society  for  the  Furtherance  of  the  Gospel  among  the 
Heathen:   London,   England.     Paul  de  Schweinitz,  D.  D. 

Domestic  and  Foreign  Missionary  Society  of  the  Protestant  Epis- 
copal Church  in  the  L^nited  States  of  America — happily  combining  in 
one  body  the  support  and  direction  of  missionary  work  at  home  and 
abroad.  Right  Rev.  William  Lawrence,  D.  D.,  bishop  of  the  diocese  of 
Massachusetts,  honored  by  us  all  for  his  Christian  personality. 

Foreign  Christian  Missionary  Society— the  society  mentioned  this  morn- 
ing, one  of  whose  members  gave  a  million  dollars  for  that  six-million- 
dollar  fund,  and  another  has  promised  the  last  million  dollars  for  the 
six-million-dollar  fund.     (Applause.)     A.  McLean,  D.  D. 

Friends'  Foreign  Mission  Association— which  has  grasped  hands  with 
us  across  the  sea  in  a  splendid  cooperative  work.  Rev.  R.  L.  Simkin, 
missionary  in  China. 

Federal  Council  of  the  Churches  of  Christ  in  America— which  binds 
the  denominations  together  in   service.     A.  G.  Lawson,   D.   D. 

I  131 


The  Judson  Centennial 


Laymen's  Missionary  Movement  of  the  United  States  and  Canada — 
harbinger  of  a  day  when  the  wealth  of  the  church  will  be  poured  at 
Jesus'  feet.     Mornay  WilHams,  Esq. 

World's  Christian  Endeavor  Union — pioneer  in  the  great  world  move- 
ment for  young  people.    Francis  E.  Clark,  D.  D.,  LL.  D. 

Continuation  Committee  of  the  World  Missionary  Conference,  Edin- 
burgh— destined  to  lead  in  securing  the  strong  cooperation  of  the  world's 
missionary  forces.    J.  H.  Franklin,  D.  D. 

Foreign  Department  of  the  International  Committee  of  Young  Men's 
Christian  Associations  of  North  America — a  world-wide  movement  for 
young  men  in  which  we  all  rejoice.    A.  B.  Nichols. 

Student  Volunteer  Movement — which  has  done  more  than  all  other 
agencies  to  secure  recruits  for  the  field.     Rev.  J.  C.  Robbins. 

Mission  to  Lepers  in  India  and  the  East — a  messenger  of  mercy  to 
the  most  pitiable  class  of  human  beings  in  all  the  world.  Mrs.  W.  M. 
Danner. 

We  hoped  to  have  with  us  this  afternoon  Rev.  James  Stalker, 
D.  D.,  the  author  of  "  The  Life  of  Christ,"  representing  the  United 
Free  Church  of  Scotland's  Foreign  Mission  Committee — true  advocate 
of  freedom  in  action  and  unity  in  service,     (Applause.) 

Now  our  own  missions,  with  their  representatives: 

Assam.    M,  C,  Mason,  D.  D. 

Bengal-Orissa.    G.  H.  Hamlen,  D.  D. 

Burma.    D.  A.  W.  Smith,  D.  D. 

South  India.    Rev.  A.  H.  Curtis. 

Japan.     Rev.  H.  B,  Benninghofif. 

East  China.    Rev.  C.  S.  Keen. 

South  China.  Rev.  Jacob  Speicher. 

Philippine  Islands.     Rev.  P.  H.  J.  Lerrigo,  M.  D. 

Congo.     Rev.   P.  C.   Metzger. 

Sweden.    Rev.  O.  J.  Engstrand. 

Finland.     Rev.  John  A.  Kallman. 

Norway.     Rev.  O.  Breding. 

There  are  also  communications  from  our  mission  in  France,  the 
Franco-Swiss  Mission,  the  Franco-Belgian  Mission,  the  National 
Baptist  Conference  in  Finland,  the  Mission  in  Denmark,  and  the 
Mission  in  West  China. 

And  now,  last  but  not  least,  the  four  Societies  cooperating  in  the 
Northern  Baptist  Convention : 

The  American  Baptist  Home  Mission  Society.  H.  L.  Morehouse, 
D.  D.,  LL.  D. 

The  American  Baptist  Publication  Society.    A.  J.  Rowland,  D.  D. 

The  Woman's  American  Baptist  Home  Mission  Society.  Mrs.  A.  G. 
Lester,  president. 

132 


The  Judson  Centennial 


The  Woman's  American  Baptist  Foreign  Mission  Society.  Mrs.  H. 
B.  Montgomery,  president. 

(All  of  these  were  received  with  applause,  and  it  was  a  lively 
incident.) 

The  President.  Now  we  have  a  great  treat  in  store  for  us.  We 
wish  we  could  hear  from  all  of  these  representatives,  but  that  is 
impossible.  I  have  pleasure  in  introducing  President  William  Douglas 
Mackenzie,  D.  D.,  LL.D.,  who  will  speak  not  only  in  behalf  of  the 
American  Board  of  Commissioners  for  Foreign  Missions,  but  also 
in  behalf  of  all  the  fraternal  delegates.     (Applause.) 

Doctor  Haggard.  Just  a  moment.  I  have  asked  Doctor  Mac- 
kenzie for  the  privilege  of  introducing,  before  he  speaks,  two  other 
representatives  of  the  American  Board  who  are  present  upon  the 
platform — Rev.  Charles  H.  Patton,  D.  D.,  the  Home  Secretary,  and 
Rev.  E.  Strong,  D.  D.,  the  Editorial  Secretary.     (Applause.) 

Doctor  Mackenzie's  address,  given  elsewhere  (see  page  226),  was 
one  of  the  strongest  addresses  of  the  Convention,  and  held  the  closest 
attention.  A  masterful  personality,  the  finest  product  of  Scotch  intel- 
lectuality and  spirituality,  the  speaker  kindled  a  vital  flame  and  made 
the  session  memorable  for  enlarged  vision.  Those  who  listened  will 
not  forget  his  question,  "  What  is  this  that  God  is  doing  in  his 
world?"  nor  his  cumulative  answers,  which  made  the  gospel  of 
redeeming  mercy  a  world-wide  reality,  and  missions  an  essential  part 
of  the  divine  program. 

The  President.  We  shall  bring  this  meeting  to  a  close  with 
prayer  and  benediction  by  the  Rev.  Dr.  W.  W.  Kinsman,  the  represent- 
ative of  the  Southern  Methodist  Church. 

CLOSING  prayer  BY  REV.  W.  W.   KINSMAN,  D.   D. 

Our  gracious  heavenly  Father,  we  thank  thee  for  the  high  and  happy 
fellowship  that  we  have  enjoyed  together  this  afternoon.  We  praise 
thee  for  the  rapturous  messages  of  triumph  that  have  thrilled  our  hearts, 
and  still  more  for  those  prophecies  and  promises  of  yet  greater  things 
which  lie  out  before  our  vision. 

We  thank  thee  that  we  have  any  part  in  this  great  work  of  making 
known  thy  will  to  a  world.  We  pray  that  thy  blessing  may  be  upon  this 
great  assembly,  and  that  these  Baptists  who  are  enjoying  so  rich  a 
heritage  of  noble  memories  and  heroic  deeds  may  realize  largely  on 
these  deeds  and  memories  in  the  future,  and  that  they  may  go  out  from 
this  place  for  yet  greater  and  more  splendid  achievements  than  they 
have  ever  known  as  a  church  in  these  parts  and  the  other  parts  of  the 

133 


The  Judson  Centennial 


world.  Grant  that  we  may  be  bound  more  closely  together  as  denomina- 
tions doing  the  same  great  work,  and  enjoying  the  fellowship  in  the 
same  great  and  glorious  task,  and  that  the  great  vision  and  the  great 
task  may  help  steadily  to  make  us  think  less  of  the  smaller  things,  and 
bring  us  more  and  more  into  the  oneness  for  which  Christ  Jesus  our 
Lord  prayed. 

And  now  unto  him  who  is  able  to  do  exceeding  abundantly  beyond  all 
that  we  ask  or  think,  according  to  the  power  that  worketh  in  us — to 
him  be  glory  in  the  church  through  Christ  Jesus  throughout  all  ages, 
world  without  end.     Amen. 


Ill 
THE  CLOSING  SESSION,  THURSDAY  EVENING 

Those  who  had  feared  that  the  closing  session  would  show  a 
falling  off  in  attendance  and  interest,  after  the  exhausting  heat  and 
the  equally  exhausting  meetings,  were  happily  disappointed.  The 
Temple  filled  early,  and  it  was  evident  that  the  spirit  of  expectation 
was  still  abundant.  The  speaker  of  the  evening  was  an  undoubted 
magnet,  as  no  name  is  more  widely  known  in  the  missionary  world. 
Many,  moreover,  were  loth  to  reach  the  end  of  this  great  feast.  The 
entire  Convention  had  been  a  preparation  for  the  Centennial  days, 
and  the  total  impression  was  very  strong  and  satisfying. 

On  the  platform  were  officers  of  the  Convention  and  of  the  co- 
operating societies,  missionaries,  and  guests.  Once  more  there  was  a 
representative  and  prepared  audience,  such  as  any  speaker  might 
covet. 

A    BRIEF    CONVENTION    PRELUDE 

President  Bond.  We  will  open  this  session  by  singing  the  hymn 
printed  on  the  program.  (See  page  256.)  After  the  singing  the 
President  announced  that  the  devotional  service  would  be  conducted 
by  Rev.  A.  H.  Curtis,  of  South  India. 

Mr.  Curtis  read  the  fifty-fifth  chapter  of  Isaiah,  and  after  reading 
offered  the  following  prayer : 

O  Lord  our  God,  we  praise  and  glorify  thy  name  to-night  for  thy 
glorious  gospel  that  thou  hast  given  unto  the  whole  world.  We  rejoice 
in  it  to-night,  O  God,  as  we  meet  here  together,  for  we  realize  that  it 
is  thy  gospel  that  has  made  this  gathering  possible.  We  realize  that  it 
is  thy  gospel  that  has  bound  our  hearts  together  with  those  strong  cords 
of  Christian  love.  And  we  thank  thee,  O  our  heavenly  Father,  for  that 
love  that  has  come  from  thee.  But  while  we  are  gathered  thus  together 
and  while  we  rejoice  because  of  what  we  have  received,  O  our  heavenly 

134 


The  Judson  Centennial 


Father,  our  hearts  turn  to  those  who  are  far  away  across  the  ocean, 
those  people  who  are  yet  in  darkness,  and  to-night  we  seem  to  hear  them — 
we  see  them  as  they  sit  in  their  mud  huts,  we  see  them  as  they  gather 
around  in  little  groups  to  hear  the  preaching  of  the  word.  We  see  others 
who  are  coming  together  in  larger  places  listening  to  the  preaching  of 
the  word.  We  see  those  who  are  ignorant,  and  we  see  those  who  arc 
educated,  we  see  those  who  are  destitute  of  everything  that  man  desires 
in  this  world,  and  we  see  those  who  seem  to  be  surrounded  with  abun- 
dance, and  when  we  think,  O  our  heavenly  Father,  that  all  of  those  who 
are  out  there  are  lost  if  they  have  not  the  gospel  of  Jesus  Christ — oh,  then 
our  hearts  do  burn  toward  them  with  desire  that  they  may  be  brought 
unto  thee. 

Heavenly  Father,  we  think  a  great  deal  of  our  responsibilities.  Thou 
hast  put  great  responsibilities  upon  us,  and  thou  hast  put  into  our  hands 
that  which  makes  it  possible  to  carry  the  gospel  of  Jesus  Christ  untc 
those  people.  Help  us  that  we  may  realize  that  responsibility,  and  that 
we  may  give  generously,  give  abundantly,  so  that  the  gospel  shall  be 
brought  unto  them.  But,  O  heavenly  Father,  we  do  pray  that  thou  wilt 
give  unto  us  a  faith  that  will  show  us  that  it  is  not  the  money  that  is 
necessary,  but  it  is  thy  spirit.  May  we  realize,  heavenly  Father,  that 
it  is  possible  that  they  shall  be  brought  unto  thee,  even  though  thy 
money,  although  those  things  that  thou  hast  given  are  withheld.  And  so  we 
do  pray  that  the  gospel  of  Jesus  Christ  may  in  some  way  be  brought 
unto  them,  and  that  they  may  all  be  saved.  Grant,  O  our  heavenly 
Father,  that  we  may  pray  more  earnestly  for  them,  that  we  may  work 
more  energetically  for  them,  that  we  may  do  all  we  can  for  the  service 
of  mankind.  Bless  our  efforts,  and  bring  to  thee  all  those  who  would 
be  saved.  Hear  our  prayer  to-night,  O  Lord,  and  bless  us  as  we  meet 
together,  we  ask  in  Christ's  name.     Amen. 


REPORT    OF    ENROLMENT    COMMITTEE 

The  President.  We  have  just  two  items  of  business  to  be  cared 
for  at  this  time.  First  will  be  the  report  of  the  Enrolment  Com- 
mittee, by  Brother  Pope. 

Rev.  E.  R.  Pope.  Mr.  President,  the  work  of  your  committee  has 
not  been  arduous  because  of  the  careful  attention  of  the  Registration 
Committee  and  its  chairman  to  the  details  and  their  full  compilation 
by  States  and  classes. 

The  total  number  of  delegates  enrolled  is  2,^/^,  the  largest  number 
of  delegates  ever  enrolled  in  a  meeting  of  the  Northern  Baptist  Con- 
vention. (Applause.)  The  total  number  of  visitors  registered  is  474. 
Of  course  there  have  been  very,  very  many  more  visitors.  These  are 
the  number  registered.  The  total  number  of  representatives  registered 
was  89,  making  a  grand  total  enrolment  of  3,340.  This  enrolment  has 
never  been   exceeded   except  at  Philadelphia,   which   was   a   Baptist 

135 


The  Judson  Centennial 


World  Congress.  It  sets  a  new  standard  for  the  meeting  which  is  to 
be  held  in  Los  Angeles  next  year,  and  for  the  meeting  of  1916,  which 
we  hope  to  have  in  Minneapolis. 

THE  FOREIGN   MISSION   CENTENNIAL 

The  American  Baptist  Foreign  Mission  Society  was  then  called  to 
order  for  its  closing  session. 

President  Jones.  The  American  Baptist  Foreign  Mission  So- 
ciety is  in  order  again.  I  feel  very  much  like  preaching  a  sermon  of 
one  second  from  a  text  that  Paul  uses,  that  I  am  afraid  we  preachers 
do  not  use  enough.  When  I  think  of  the  patience,  the  graciousness  of 
this  wonderful  audience,  I  feel  like  saying,  "  I  praise  you."  What 
an  audience !  Some  of  us  remember  the  time  when  a  preacher  under- 
took to  preach  on  the  twelve  minor  prophets,  and  after  he  had  dis- 
posed of  eleven  of  them,  and  of  his  audience  incidentally,  he  then 
cried,  "  And  what  place  shall  I  give  Malachi  ?  "  And  an  old  sister 
at  the  back  of  the  house  said,  "  Malachi  can  have  my  place,  for  I'm 
going  home."  (Laughter  and  applause.)  I  am  so  glad  to  see  that  in 
spite  of  everything  Malachi  could  not  get  anybody's  place  here  to- 
night. 

Now,  I  want  us  to  turn  to  page  nine  of  our  program.  We  have 
had  some  beautiful  hymns  written  for  this  occasion.  One  of  them 
was  crowded  off  this  afternoon  unavoidably,  and  I  want  you  to  sing 
that  hymn,  "  Awake,  Awake,  O  Church  of  God !  "  to  the  tune  "  The 
Son  of  God  goes  forth  to  war,"  the  hymn  written  by  Rev.  Wallace 
I.  Coburn,  of  North  Bennington,  Vermont.     (See  page  253.) 

[The  hymn  was  sung.] 

The  President.  I  will  now  ask  Prof.  E.  D.  Burton  to  make  some 
remarks. 

Professor  Burton.  Let  me  assure  you  at  once,  my  friends,  that  I 
am  not  going  to  make  a  speech,  nor  am  I  to  stand  more  than  a  minute 
or  two  between  you  and  the  man  whom  you  have  gathered  to  hear. 
There  are  here  some,  however,  who  have  probably  not  been  at  any 
previous  session  of  the  Convention,  and  I  wish  to  make  to  you  a 
few  statements  of  simple  fact. 

At  the  close  of  our  fiscal  year  the  debt  of  our  Societies  was 
$276,163.58.  I  have  called  it  the  debt  of  the  Societies.  In  fact  it 
was  not  a  debt  of  the  Societies,  but  of  the  denomination.  At  the 
meeting  of  this  Convention  a  year  ago,  in  Detroit,  each  Society  was 

136 


EXECXTTIVE    OFFICKKS,    AMKRICAN    HAPTIST    FOKKICN    MISSION    SOCIKTV,     I9I4 


REV.     ARTHUR     BALDWIN 

Foreign  Secrttary 


FRED    p.     HAGGARD,    D.     D. 

Iloine  Secretary 


JAMES     H.     FRANKLIN,     D.     D. 

Foreign    Secretary 


EMORY    W.     HUNT,    D.     D. 

(ieneral   Secretary 


ERNEST    S      BUTLER 

Treasizrer 


The  Judson  Centennial 


instructed  to  spend  in  its  wOrk  a  certain  amount  of  money.  No  one 
of  those  Societies  spent  more  than  the  denomination  gathered  in 
Convention  authorized  it  to  spend,  but  the  churches  that  had  author- 
ized the  Societies  to  spend  these  amounts  did  not  contribute  the 
amounts  which  they  had  authorized  them  to  spend  by  some  thousands 
of  dollars,  and  this  was  the  cause  of  this  debt.  ' 

There  was  once  a  corporation  engaged  in  the  business  of  real  estate. 
They  purchased  a  tract  of  land  and  employed  a  superintendent  and 
instructed  him  to  put  that  land  in  condition  for  sale,  building  streets 
and  sewers,  and  planting  trees  and  shrubs.  They  told  him  that  he 
might  spend  a  hundred  thousand  dollars,  and  they  would  send  him 
their  checks  month  by  month  to  meet  his  expenses.  Near  the  end 
of  the  year  they  came  together  and  he  made  his  report  and  said: 
"  Gentlemen,  I  have  done  as  you  told  me ;  I  have  spent,  no,  not  quite 
$100,000 — $95,000,  and  you  have  sent  me  $80,000."  Then  they  said 
to  him,  "  Then  you  are  in  debt."  "  No,"  he  said,  "  I  am  not  in  debt; 
you  are  in  debt.  You  will  please  go  down  in  your  pockets  and  find  the 
other  $15,000  that  you  promised  me." 

We  have  been  going  down  into  our  pockets  to  get  the  other  $15,- 
000 — in  all,  in  this  case,  $276,163.58.  Before  the  Convention  met 
$47,945.24  was  either  paid  or  subscribed.  In  the  sessions  of  the  Con- 
vention a  telegram  was  received  from  Mr.  Rockefeller  offering  $100,- 
000  toward  the  extinction  of  this  debt,  $50,000  of  this  outright  and 
$50,000  on  certain  conditions.  In  the  sessions  of  the  Convention  up 
to  this  moment  there  has  been  subscribed  or  paid  $51,100,  making  a 
total  of  $208,045.24.  There  remains  yet  to  be  subscribed  and  paid,  to 
be  drawn  out  of  these  pockets  of  ours  to  meet  the  obligations 
entered  into  a  year  ago,  $68,118.34. 

My  brethren  and  friends,  we  wish  to  reduce  this  sum  very  con- 
siderably before  this  Convention  closes.  You  will  find  in  all  these 
pews  subscription  cards,  and  after  the  address  the  baskets  will  be 
passed,  and  you  will  be  given  the  opportunity  to  send  in  your  promises 
for  five  thousand,  one  thousand,  one  hundred  dollars,  or  any  other 
sum  that  you  may  wish  to  give,  and  to  deposit  the  cash  for  these 
pledges  or  in  excess  of  these  pledges. 

President  Jones.  We  will  now  have  the  pleasure  of  listening  for 
a  few  moments  to  Mrs.  H.  B.  Montgomery,  President  of  the 
Woman's  American  Baptist  Foreign  Mission  Society.     (Applause.) 

Mrs.  Montgomery.  If  we  could  just  get  this  debt  question  where 
it  belongs,  there  would  not  be  a  debt.  It  is  only  so  long  as  we  think  of 
it  in  the  surface  of  our  life  that  it  frightens  us.     All  through  these 


137 


The  Judson  Centennial 


meetings  we  have  faced  four  great  commands — the  command  of  the 
Great  Physician,  "  Heal  the  sick " ;  the  command  of  the  Great 
Saviour,  **  Preach  the  gospel  to  every  creature  " ;  the  command  of  the 
Great  Teacher,  "  Teach  all  nations " ;  and  the  loving  word  of  the 
Great  Shepherd,  "  Feed  my  lambs."  These  are  our  orders,  and  Christ 
never  gave  an  order  which  he  did  not  give  his  followers  power  to 
fulfil.  The  only  thing  that  can  stand  between  us  and  paying  our 
debts  is  a  failure  to  rest  our  hearts  on  God  and  a  failure  to  hear 
the  voice  of  Jesus  Christ. 

When  I  was  in  California  I  had  the  privilege  of  being  in  the  Baptist 
church  of  Pasadena.  In  the  few  weeks  which  have  intervened  that 
church  has  given  more  than  $3,000  for  these  debts  in  addition  to 
large  contributions  which  had  been  made  by  individuals  before,  and 
this  is  their  method — if  that  method  could  be  taken  to  every  church 
represented  here  the  debt  could  be  discharged  in  a  week.  A  little 
group  of  members  of  the  church  came  together  for  prayer  every  day. 
They  believed  in  Jesus  Christ  when  he  said,  "  The  harvest  is  great, 
the  laborers  are  few ;  pray " ;  and  they  prayed.  And  first  a  man 
came  forward  and  said,  "  I  will  give  $500  if  the  church  will  give  $500 
more,"  and  without  solicitation  that  thousand  dollars  was  won.  And 
another  member  of  the  church  said,  "  I  will  give  $500  if  the  church 
will  give  $500  more,"  and  without  machinery,  except  the  mighty  ma- 
chinery of  prayer,  that  thousand  dollars  was  given.  And  you  all  heard 
on  the  floor  of  this  Convention  the  telegram  which  announced  that 
$1,100  more  had  been  given,  and  there  is  not  a  man  or  woman  in  that 
church  who  is  impoverished  with  giving. 

We  are  dying  for  lack  of  giving.  We  are  ceasing  to  grow  as  a 
denomination  because  of  our  unpaid  debt  to  Jesus  Christ.  Cannot  we 
who  are  here,  after  we  have  faced  him,  go  home  to  take  some 
prayer  specifics  for  this  debt,  some  prayer  apportionments,  some  lay- 
ing hold  in  faith  on  God,  in  whose  hand  are  the  hearts  of  all  his 
followers,  who  are  banded  together  with  us  in  this  great  church? 
(Applause.) 

Now  came  the  address,  which  was  the  feature  of  the  evening's 
program. 

President  Jones.  There  was  a  man  sent  from  God,  whose  name 
is  John  R.  Mott.  (Applause.)  Doctor  Mott,  the  American  Baptist 
Foreign  Mission  Society  in  its  closing  session  of  its  Centennial  Cele- 
bration, is  waiting  to  hear  your  last  word.  Doctor  Mott's  theme  is, 
"  Why  We  Should  Enlarge  Our  Plans." 

1^.8 


The  Judson  Centennial 


The  address  is  given  in  full  elsewhere.  (See  page  207.)  Doctor 
Mott  had  been  accorded  a  rousing  welcome  when  he  first  reached  the 
platform,  such  a  welcome  as  would  warm  the  heart  of  one  even  so 
accustomed  as  he  to  public  receptions  in  all  parts  of  the  world. 
But  now,  as  he  stepped  forward,  he  was  received  with  prolonged 
applause,  and  all  rose  and  gave  the  Chautauqua  salute.  He  plunged 
at  once  into  his  theme,  and  for  an  hour  and  more  piled  reason  upon 
reason  why  the  plans  of  the  Baptist  denomination  must  be  enlarged 
if  the  Baptists  are  to  do  their  share  of  the  world's  evangelization. 
He  showed  that  he  knew  well  our  mission  work  and  stations,  and 
paid  unstinted  praise  to  our  missionaries,  whose  lives,  he  said,  would 
have  convinced  him  as  to  the  truth  of  Christianity,  if  he  had  no  other 
evidence.  It  was  a  great  address,  based  upon  the  world  experience 
and  observation  of  this  missionary  statesman,  who,  as  Chairman  of 
the  Edinburgh  Continuation  Committee,  has  a  field  of  great  sig- 
nificance, in  addition  to  his  leadership  of  the  Student  Volunteer 
Movement  of  the  world. 

This  was  an  admirable  closing  address  for  the  Centennial  celebra- 
tion, which  had  maintained  interest  most  remarkably,  and  brought 
experiences  such  as  come  once  only  in  a  lifetime. 

President  Jones.  Do  you  remember  that  mighty  word  of  the 
Apostle  Paul  in  the  fifteenth  of  First  Corinthians  ?  He  has  piled 
Pelion  on  Ossa  in  the  mighty  argument  for  the  resurrection  of  the 
dead,  and  concluded  with  the  wonderful  peroration,  and  the  very  next 
sentence — get  your  Bible  and  see — is,  "  Now,  concerning  the  collec- 
tion." They  come  very  close.  I  hope  the  ushers  will  pass  all  through 
the  congregation  and  gather  the  pledge  cards  and  also  such  money  as 
you  have. 

[The  collection  was  then  taken.] 

President  Bond.  I  would  like  to  tell  this  audience  that  when  we 
adjourned  this  noon  the  amount  of  the  subscription  had  not  reached 
$50,000.  There  was  brought  to  us  a  card  made  out  for  a  sufficient 
sum  to  make  up  the  subscriptions  then  received  to  $50,000,  the  amount 
to  be  given  in  memory  of  Adoniram  Judson  Gordon.  Of  course  I 
need  not  remind  this  audience  of  who  Adoniram  Judson  Gordon  was, 
here  in  this  city  of  Boston.  The  subscription  has  since  gone  beyond 
that  amount,  but  this  amount  was  given  to  complete  the  even 
$50,000.     (Applause.) 

President  Jones.  A  motion  to  adjourn  will  be  in  order.  It  is 
moved  that  our  Society  adjourn.     The  Northern  Baptist  Convention 

139 


The  Judson  Centennial 


will  convene  for  a  moment  immediately  after.  (Motion  put  and 
carried.)  I  turn  the  meeting  over  for  the  last  time  to  the  President 
of  the  Convention.  I  wish  that  all  of  our  words  were  as  good  as 
our  Bond.     (Applause.) 

President  Bond.  The  Northern  Baptist  Convention  will  be  in 
order.  We  come  now  to  these  last  moments  of  this  great  Convention, 
a  time  that  has  been  a  feast  that  we  shall  look  back  upon  in  the  years 
to  come;  and  I  am  going  to  call  on  one  to  close  these  great  sessions 
with  prayer — one  whom  we  have  missed  from  our  midst.  Our  heart 
and  our  prayers  have  gone  out  to  him,  but  we  are  glad  that  he  can  be 
here  with  us  to-night  in  this  last  session. 

Are  we  ready  now  for  a  motion  to  adjourn?  (Motion  made  and 
carried.)  We  will  stand  adjourned  after  prayer  by  our  former 
President  and  now  the  General  Secretary  of  our  Foreign  Mission 
Society,  Rev.  Emory  W.  Hunt,  D.  D.  Doctor  Hunt,  will  you  lead 
us  in  prayer?    Let  us  all  rise. 

Doctor  Hunt.  Mr.  President,  may  I  have  the  privilege  of  a  per- 
sonal word  to  these  friends? 

The  President.    Certainly,  we  will  be  glad  to  have  you. 

Doctor  Hunt.  I  could  not  but  feel  deeply  moved  by  the  expres- 
sions of  interest  and  sympathy  which  have  reached  me  in  these  days 
when  I  have  been  kept  from  this  meeting,  and  which  meant  so  much 
to  me.  I  wish  to  thank  you  all  for  it.  But  one  word  in  the  way  of 
a  personal  privilege.  My  name  is  upon  the  program  for  an  address 
this  evening.  I  have  known  Christians  who  by  their  personal  attitude 
in  their  time  of  trouble  negatived  their  personal  testimony.  I  do  not 
like  to  be  counted  in  that  class,  and  I  would  not  like  to  have  anybody 
imagine  that  I  failed  to  discharge  a  duty  that  was  placed  upon  me 
simply  because  I  had  been  attending  a  Christian  funeral — incapacitated 
for  service  because  for  a  moment  I  stood  in  that  sacred  presence  when 
the  veil  seems  to  be  drawn  aside  and  a  brother  beloved  has  gone  out 
where  he  will  feel  upon  his  burning  brow  the  breath  of  the  eternal 
morning — incapacitated  for  service  by  that.  I  never  felt  more  like 
speaking  upon  the  vital  things  of  the  kingdom  of  God  than  I  feel 
to-night.  But  you  have  the  opportunity  to  listen  to  me  almost  any 
time  you  please.  You  do  not  often  have  the  opportunity  to  listen 
to  our  brother  and  Christian  statesman  who  gave  so  beautiful  and  sig- 
nificant a  testimony  to  these  things  of  the  divine  life  when  he  advised 
the  President  of  the  United  States  that  he  could  not  be  an  ambassador 
of  this  country  because  he  had  bigger  business  on  hand.  You  do  not 
always  have  the  opportunity  to  listen  to  him.     And  it  was  with  no 


140 


The  Judson  Centennial 


other  thought  in  mind  than  that  I  wanted  you  to  have  the  fullest  oppor- 
tunity to  hear  him  that  I  postponed  what  I  have  to  say  till  some  other 
time.  But  your  deep  sympathy,  and  the  appreciation  of  these  brethren 
of  the  burden  that  I  have  had  to  carry  these  last  days,  and  the  desire 
to  avoid  putting  anything  more  upon  me.  I  do  deeply  appreciate,  and 
thank  you  all  for  it.     Let  us  pray. 

CLOSING    PRAYER    BY    DOCTOR    HUNT 

Our  gracious  Father,  we  thank  thee  for  human  fellowship,  for  the 
fellowships  of  love  and  service,  and  we  thank  thee  for  the  assurance 
that  we  have  in  Christ  Jesus  that  these  stretch  on  down  the  aisles  of 
time,  and  that  the  little  things  that  happen  to  us  here  have  no  effect 
upon  these  real  relationships  of  the  eternal  soul.  May  we  be  more  capable 
of  them,  and  grow  that  we  may  have  fellowship  with  the  greatest  of 
the  Lord's  servants,  and  that  we  may  enter  more  fully  into  the  divine 
fellowship  itself. 

We  thank  thee  for  the  fellowships  of  this  Convention,  and,  as  it 
closes  and  we  separate,  we  pause  to  pray  that  thy  presence  may  go 
with  us  and  supply  all  the  needs  of  thy  work.  May  thy  blessing  rest 
upon  this  great  church,  in  whose  house  of  worship  we  have  gathered. 
May  thy  blessing  rest  upon  every  church  that  is  represented  in  this 
gathering.  May  thy  blessing  rest  upon  those  who  could  not  be  repre- 
sented here.  May  thy  blessing  rest  upon  those  churches  of  Jesus  Christ 
that  bear  his  name,  and  that  have  had  no  call  to  be  represented  here. 
Save  thy  people  and  bless  thine  heritage,  and  build  us  up  and  equip  u? 
for  service.  And  may  the  kingdom  in  its  largest  interests  and  relation- 
ships command  our  souls  until  we  shall  feel  that  it  is  our  privilege 
to  give  ourselves  for  the  service.  May  thy  blessing  rest  upon  those 
brave  souls  who  are  working  with  so  little  human  encouragement  and  so 
weak  human  support  upon  the  frontiers  of  the  kingdom  in  the  great 
cities  of  this  country,  upon  our  frontier,  and  to  the  ends  of  the  earth, 
and  let  them  know  how  near  thou  art  to  their  need.  And  may  thi- 
coming  year  see  an  advance  of  thy  people  toward  the  purposes  of  thy 
kingdom,  and  to  the  glory  of  our  Lord,  and  to  the  salvation  of  men. 

And  so  may  the  grace  of  our  Lord  Jesus  Christ,  and  the  love  of  God 
our  Father,  and  the  fellowship  of  the  Holy  Spirit  abide  with  us  forever- 
more.     Amen. 

A    FITTING    CELEBRATION 

When  the  last  word  had  been  spoken,  and  the  great  company 
slowly  dispersed,  the  feeling  was  general  that  the  Judson  Centennial 
had  been  worthily  celebrated.  There  was  nothing  to  regret.  The 
finely  conceived  program  had  been  carried  out  to  the  letter.  The 
meetings  many  times  reached  a  high  point  of  spiritual  impulse  and 
touched  all  to  higher  issues.     The  messages  of  the  missionaries  had 

141 


The  Judson  Centennial 


been  of  unusual  quality,  and  had  brought  new  vision  of  the  fields  and 
the  urgent  needs,  making  opportunity  loom  large.  The  fresh  im- 
pulse must  now  be  carried  into  the  new  century,  with  the  hope  and 
prayer  that  it  may  be  one  of  still  more  remarkable  achievement. 
Never  has  the  American  Baptist  Foreign  Mission  Society  been  so 
fully  equipped  for  world-wide  service.  Never  have  the  Northern 
Baptists  been  so  efficiently  organized,  so  closely  united,  and  so 
competent  for  the  task  divinely  set  before  them. 


[42 


IV 


THE  ADDRESSES  AND  THE  CENTENNIAL 
SERMON 


IV 

THE  ADDRESSES  AND  THE  CENTENNIAL 
SERMON 

I 

ADONIRAM  JUDSON 
By  O.  p.  Gifford,  D.  D. 

THE  name  of  a  babe  is  sometimes  a  prophecy  fulfilled  by  the 
character  of  the  man.  Isaac  called  his  second-born  Jacob, 
supplanter.  He  supplanted  Esau  twice.  Mary  named  her  babe 
Jesus,  Saviour.  He  saved  his  people  from  their  sins.  In  ancient 
Israel,  Abda  named  his  son  Adoniram,  "  the  lord  of  exaltation." 
Solomon  sent  a  levy  of  thirty  thousand  men  to  Lebanon  to  cut  timber 
for  his  building.  Adoniram  was  over  the  levy.  A  man  who  can  man- 
age thirty  thousand  laborers  for  months  without  a  strike  may  well 
be  called  "  the  lord  of  exaltation."  Rehoboam  succeeded  Solomon 
and  sent  Adoniram  to  collect  tribute.  The  people  stoned  him  to 
death.  Thus  he  gave  his  life  in  service  and  sacrifice  to  his  king. 
In  Maiden,  Massachusetts,  in  the  Congregational  parsonage,  a  babe 
was  born  and  named  Adoniram — "  the  lord  of  exaltation."  He  gave 
his  life  in  service  and  sacrifice  to  a  greater  than  Solomon  and  to  the 
building  of  a  kingdom  that  has  no  frontier. 

Heredity  and  environment  have  much  to  do  with  shaping  character. 
The  web  of  life  is  spun  of  threads  woven  by  heredity  and  environ- 
ment. Adoniram's  father  was  a  stern  disciplinarian  of  the  Puritan 
type.  His  mother  was  one  of  the  finest  products  of  New  England 
home  life.    Strength  and  beauty  were  the  two  pillars  in  his  temple. 

The  traveler  in  London  seeks  St.  Paul's  Cathedral,  an  island  of 
silence  in  a  sea  of  sound.  Tired  of  the  strife  of  tongues,  he  finds  rest 
under  the  shadow  of  the  Eternal  Presence  in  the  great  cathedral. 
The  massive  walls  and  springing  dome  shelter  the  bodies  of  men  who 
helped  to  make  England  great.  Nelson  made  her  mistress  of  the  seas. 
Wellington  broke  the  spell  of  Napoleon  and  freed  Europe  from  the 
power  of  France.  Greater  than  either  Nelson  or  Wellington  is  Sir 
Christopher  Wren,  who  rebuilt  St.  Paul's  and  the  city  of  London 
after  the  great  fire.     In  greater  London  are  sixty  parish  churches 

145 


The  Judson  Centennial 


planned  by  the  great  architect.  On  the  wall  of  St.  Paul's  is  a 
memorial  tablet  to  the  memory  of  Sir  Christopher  Wren,  "  If  you 
would  behold  my  monument,  look  about  you  " — on  the  beauty  of  the 
cathedral;  on  the  city,  the  capital  of  an  empire;  on  the  sixty  parish 
churches  nourishing  the  soul  of  the  city;  and  on  the  score  of  churches 
in  the  American  republic  built  after  the  model  of  the  parish  church. 
In  the  city  of  Maiden,  Massachusetts,  is  a  noble  meeting-house.  On 
one  of  the  walls  is  a  tablet: 

IN  MEMORIAM. 

REV.    ADONIRAM    JUDSON 

BORN    AUGUST   9,    1 788. 

DIED   APRIL    12,    185O. 

MALDEN,    HIS    BIRTHPLACE. 

THE    OCEAN,    HIS    SEPULCHRE. 

CONVERTED   BURMANS,  AND 

THE  BURMAN  BIBLE,   HIS   MONUMENT. 

HIS    RECORD    IS    ON    HIGH. 

At  three  years  of  age,  Judson,  taught  to  read  by  his  mother,  read  a 
chapter  in  the  Bible  to  his  father.  At  four  years  of  age  he  gathered 
the  neighboring  children  and  preached  to  them.  At  seven  years  of 
age  he  studied  and  settled  the  question  of  the  motion  of  the  earth  and 
sun.  At  sixteen  years  of  age  he  entered  Providence  College,  now 
Brown  University,  a  year  in  advance.  He  was  graduated  three  years 
later  as  valedictorian. 

There  are  mental  maladies,  as  well  as  physical  diseases.  Young 
men  have  mental  mumps,  "swelled  head."  In  college  Judson  became 
a  French  infidel.  Our  fathers  imported  their  political  principles  from 
France;  the  same  ships  brought  over  French  infidelity.  Few  college 
students  in  those  early  days  were  Christians.  Judson  was  led  into 
the  field  of  religious  speculation  by  one  of  the  most  brilliant  students 
in  college.  Reaching  home  he  revealed  his  spiritual  vacuum.  His 
father  reasoned  with  him,  his  mother  wept  and  prayed,  in  vain,  for 
what  is  unreasonable  cannot  be  reasoned  away;  what  is  not  of  the 
heart  cannot  be  wept  away.  Germ  diseases  have  their  run — if  the  man 
is  in  good  health,  he  conquers ;  if  in  poor  health,  they  conquer.  Much 
depends  upon  mental  fiber  whether  a  man  is  conquered  by  or  conquers 
infidelity.  Following  his  graduation  Judson  taught  school  a  year  and 
wrote  text-books.  His  father  was  a  wise  man  and  sent  him  on  a 
year  of  travel,  hoping  that  meeting  men  would  brush  away  the  webs 

146 


The  Judson  Centennial 


woven  by  speculation.  Infidelity  comes  of  overmuch  thinking  and  too 
little  action.  Real  life  destroys  unbelief  as  the  sun  burns  off  mists. 
Infidelity  is  born  of  books ;  religion  is  the  life  of  God  in  the  soul  of 
man.  There  are  inventors  of  religion  as  of  machinery.  The  patent 
office  is  crowded  with  inventions  that  do  not  work,  and  the  test  of 
reality  proves  the  worthlessness  of  many  inventions  and  more  specu- 
lations. During  his  year  of  wandering,  Judson  joined  a  strolling 
band  of  actors  and  with  them  cheated  the  landlord  of  his  just  dues 
again  and  again — practical  infidelity.  If  a  man  does  not  believe  in 
God,  why  should  he  treat  men  honestly?  (He  afterward  retraced  his 
steps  and  paid  the  bills.)  On  his  return  trip  he  was  a  guest  in  a  way- 
side inn.  A  dying  man  was  in  the  next  room.  The  groans  of  the 
suflferer,  the  noises  made  by  the  nurse,  made  sleep  impossible.  He 
began  to  think,  "Suppose  I  were  the  dying  man;  am  I  ready? 
Suppose  the  dying  man  were  my  friend  the  infidel,  is  he  ready  ? " 
The  noises  stopped;  silence  fell  upon  the  house.  In  the  morning  the 
landlord  told  him  that  the  man  was  dead.     "  Do  you  know  who  he 

was  ?  "     "  Yes ;  Mr.  ,  the  most  brilliant  student  ever  graduated 

from  Providence  College."  Two  words  flashed  through  Judson's 
mind.  "  Dead !  Lost !  "  Turning  his  face  toward  home  he  entered 
Andover  Seminary  as  a  special  student.  He  was  not  a  Christian, 
but  a  seeker  for  the  truth.  In  the  Gulf  Stream  of  seminary  life  the 
iceberg  of  his  infidelity  melted.  Unbelief  in  phrases  could  not  with- 
stand the  power  of  religion  in  life.  A  sermon,  by  Rev.  Claudius 
Buchanan,  turned  his  mind  toward  the  mission  field,  and  with  five 
other  young  men  he  pledged  his  life  to  the  foreign  field. 

There  was  then  no  foreign  missionary  organization  in  the  young 
republic.  The  States  were  a  mission  field,  not  a  missionary  force. 
Four  of  the  young  men  formulated  a  petition  and  signed  it,  pleading 
with  the  churches  to  organize  a  foreign  missionary  board  and  send 
them  to  the  foreign  land.  Young  men,  who  have  a  long  lease  of  life, 
are  short  on  patience.  Older  men,  with  a  short  lease  of  life,  are  long 
on  patience.  We  pay  years  and  acquire  patience.  These  elderly  men 
advised  the  young  men  to  wait,  and  they  would  do  the  best  they  could. 
But  Judson  grew  impatient  and  took  an  English  ship  for  London  that 
he  might  interest  the  English  Christians  in  the  missionary  movement. 
There  was  a  war  on  between  France  and  England.  The  ship  bearing 
the  young  missionary  was  seized  by  a  French  privateer  and  he  was 
thrust  into  the  hold  with  the  common  sailors.  Seasickness  is  the 
mother  of  pessimism.  During  the  seminary  course,  Judson  had 
received   an   invitation   to   become   a  tutor   in   English   literature   in 


147 


The  Judson  Centennial 


Providence  College  and  also  a  call  to  be  the  associate  pastor  of  Doctor 
Grifiin  in  Park  Street  Church,  Boston.  In  the  hold  of  the  ship,  a 
prisoner  with  the  common  sailors,  sick  unto  death,  he  began  to  ques- 
tion the  wisdom  of  his  choice.  To  save  himself  from  insanity,  he 
began  to  translate  the  Hebrew  Scriptures  into  Latin.  The  ship 
surgeon,  finding  the  book,  asked  for  the  owner.  They  conversed  in 
Latin  and  Judson  was  moved  to  the  officers'  quarters.  Landing  in 
Bayonne,  France,  he  marched  through  the  street  toward  the  prison,  in 
company  with  the  common  sailors.  He  lifted  up  his  voice  in  the  little 
French  he  knew  to  attract  attention.  The  people  laughed  at  him. 
He  then  tried  English  by  way  of  attracting  attention.  A  gentleman 
from  America  stepped  up  to  him  and  warned  him :  "  Be  quiet,  or  you 
will  get  into  trouble."  Judson  replied,  "  I  have  accomplished  my  pur- 
pose, I  will  now  be  quiet."  He  told  his  story.  The  American  made 
him  a  visit,  secured  his  release  from  prison,  got  him  a  pass  from 
Napoleon  to  London,  and  Judson  crossed  over  to  England.  There 
was  trouble  then  between  England  and  the  United  States,  and  the 
English  Christians  did  not  care  to  assume  the  support  of  the  American 
missionaries.  Judson  took  ship  for  America.  There  he  found  that  the 
Congregational  Church  had  organized  their  foreign  missionary  work. 
Four  of  the  young  men  were  ordained  to  the  foreign  field.  Judson 
and  Newell  were  married  and  set  sail  from  Salem  on  the  Caravan 
for  India.  Luther  Rice  sailed  from  Philadelphia.  England  had  closed 
all  American  ports  and  under  special  permit  the  vessels  were  allowed 
to  sail  on  condition  that  they  would  not  salute  any  ship  on  the  high 

seas. 

New  occasions   teach  new  duties ; 

Time  makes  ancient  good  uncouth ; 
They  must  upward  still  and  onward, 

Who  would  keep  abreast  of  truth; 
Lo !  before  us  gleam  her  camp-fires, 

We  ourselves  must  pilgrims  be, 
Nor  attempt  the  future's  portals 

With  the  past's  blood-rusted  key. 

Judson  was  facing  a  new  problem.  In  a  Christian  country  the  chil- 
dren of  Christian  parents  were  baptized,  but  he  was  facing  the 
heathen  world.  Could  he  baptize  the  children  of  heathen  parents  ? 
Should  he  baptize  the  heathen  parents  when  they  became  Christians 
by  sprinkling  or  immersion?  What  was  the  primitive  form?  The 
early  Church  baptized  adults  on  confession  of  faith.  Seventeen  weeks 
on  his  way  from  America  to  India  he  studied  the  question  and  made 
up  his  mind  that  he  must  become  a  Baptist.     He  conferred  with  his 

148 


The  Judson  Centennial 


wife  and,  with  a  woman's  conservatism,  she  refused  to  go  with  him. 
He  might  become  a  Baptist;  she  never  would.  They  reached  Cal- 
cutta to  find  a  number  of  books  in  the  library  discussing  the  question 
on  both  sides.  They  read  the  books  carefully  and  soon  after  their 
arrival  both  applied  for  membership  in  the  Baptist  church. 

Luther  Rice,  sailing  from  Philadelphia,  faced  the  same  problem. 
He  applied  for  membership  in  the  Baptist  church.  They  were  thou- 
sands of  miles  from  home,  separated  from  the  churches  of  which  they 
were  members,  cut  off  from  the  source  of  supplies,  without  an  or- 
ganization guaranteeing  support.  Accordingly  Rice  took  ship  and 
returned  to  America  to  arouse  the  Baptist  churches  and  organize 
"  The  General  Missionary  Convention  of  the  Baptist  Denomination 
in  the  United  States  of  America  for  Foreign  Missions,"  which  is 
to-day  known  as  the  American  Baptist  Foreign  Mission  Society. 

The  country  of  the  Indias  was  under  the  control  of  the  British 
East  India  Company,  a  corporation  organized  for  revenue  only. 
They  said,  "  The  Indians  have  religions  enough  of  their  own ;  they  do 
not  need  Christianity,  and  we  do  not  need  American  missionaries," 
and  bade  the  American  missionaries  take  their  return  ship  for  home. 
Judson  and  his  wife  drifted  around  for  many  months.  Luther  Rice 
returned  with  the  pledged  support  of  the  Baptist  churches,  and  the 
new  mission  struck  root  in  Rangoon.  You  cannot  teach  eight  million 
people  English.  One  man  can  learn  a  foreign  language.  Judson  bent 
his  energies  to  the  mastery  of  the  Burmese  language.  He  spent  seven 
years  before  he  baptized  the  first  convert,  and  translated  the  Burmese 
Bible,  so  that  he  could  teach  it  to  the  people.  It  took  long  years  to 
drive  a  tunnel  through  the  Hoosac  Mountains,  It  took  seven  years 
to  tunnel  the  Burmese  language ;  but  once  the  work  is  done,  a  precious 
freight  of  truth  can  be  shipped  through. 

War  sprang  up  between  Burma  and  England.  The  Burmese  king 
could  not  distinguish  between  the  Americans  and  the  English.  They 
were  of  the  same  color,  spoke  the  same  language,  worshiped  the  same 
God.  The  American  missionary  drew  his  money  from  the  English 
bank.  The  king  reasoned  that  he  was  an  English  spy.  He  was 
seized  and  cast  into  prison.  For  nine  months  he  wore  three  pairs  of 
fetters.  It  might  be  well  for  men  who  believe  in  the  dignity  of  human 
nature  and  the  divinity  of  man  to  take  a  course  in  a  heathen  prison 
where  human  nature,  untouched  by  the  light  of  revelation,  expresses 
itself  in  terms  of  prison  life.  American  prisons  feed  the  prisoners. 
Heathen  prisons  do  not.  If  a  man  is  poor,  he  may  starve.  If  he  has 
rich  friends,  they  may  buy  the  privilege  of  feeding  him.     Heathen 


149 


The  Judson  Centennial 


prisons  are  unspeakably  filthy.  Heathenism  knows  not  the  alphabet 
of  sanitation.  The  prison  keepers  are  unspeakably  cruel.  Judson  was 
as  dainty  as  a  woman  in  the  care  of  his  person.  He  was  thrown  into 
a  prison  whose  floors  were  covered  with  filth,  a  fellow  prisoner  with 
groups  of  Burmese  heathen  whose  minds  were  as  filthy  as  the  soil 
they  trod  on.  Some  one  had  given  the  king  of  Burma  a  lion.  When 
he  learned  that  the  English  had  a  lion  on  their  flag,  he  had  the  lion 
moved  to  the  prison  and  starved,  surrounded  by  the  prisoners. 

Mrs.  Judson  begged  the  use  of  the  empty  cage  for  her  husband's 
room.  The  noble  woman  visited  him  day  after  day  and  week  after 
week,  bringing  him  clean  clothes  and  needed  food.  She  was  absent 
from  the  prison  some  weeks  and  returned  bearing  a  babe  in  her  arms. 
As  the  English  soldiers  pressed  more  and  more  closely  on  Ava, 
the  capital,  the  king  moved  the  prisoners  from  Ava  to  Aungbinle. 
Judson  wrote  the  story  of  the  travel  in  blood  on  the  white  manu- 
script of  the  Burmese  road.  The  servant  of  a  fellow  prisoner  tore  his 
turban  from  his  head  and  gave  half  to  his  master  and  half  to  Judson 
and  bandaged  their  feet.  Reaching  Aungbinle,  they  were  thrown  into 
a  more  cruel  prison  and  five  pairs  of  fetters  put  on  the  missionary's 
ankles,  a  long  rod  thrust  between  the  manacled  legs,  and  he  was 
suspended  for  hours  until  his  shoulders  only  touched  the  soil.  His 
wife  followed  him  and  ministered  to  him.  Her  sufferings  had  dried 
the  springs  of  food,  and  the  missionary,  with  manacled  ankles,  carried 
the  starving  child  from  Burmese  woman  to  Burmese  woman  begging 
her  to  feed  and  thus  save  the  life  of  his  babe. 

The  English  were  successful,  conquered  the  Burmese  king,  and 
made  it  a  condition  of  peace  that  all  prisoners  should  be  released,  and 
Judson  became  the  translator  of  the  new  treaty.  The  government 
offered  him  $3,000  a  year  to  serve  as  an  English  officer.  He  refused 
the  offer  and  returned  to  his  missionary  work.  His  wife's  health 
failed.  She  died  and  he  buried  the  body  under  a  hopia  tree.  The 
babe  soon  followed  the  mother  and  the  body  was  buried  beside  her. 
He  returned  to  his  work  of  translation  and  teaching,  living  in  an  attic 
over  the  recitation  room. 

Some  years  later  he  married  the  widow  of  George  Dana  Boardman. 
The  work  was  carried  on  for  many  years.  Her  health  failing,  he 
started  for  America  with  his  wife  and  growing  family.  She  died  on 
the  journey  and  was  buried  at  St.  Helena.  He  resumed  his  voyage 
with  his  children  and  reached  home  at  the  end  of  thirty-two  years' 
absence,  a  broken  man,  his  voice  a  whisper.  But  the  Christians  of 
America  greeted  him  as  the  tide  answers  to  the  call  of  the  moon.    He 


150 


The  Judson  Centennial 


went  from  church  to  church,  missions  his  message.  Doctor  Wayland 
and  Doctor  Kendrick  stood  by  his  side  and  repeated  the  message. 

After  recovering  his  health  and  strength  he  married  Miss  Emily 
Chubbuck,  June  2,  1846,  and  started  for  his  field.  One  hundred  and 
thirty-nine  days  from  Boston,  he  sighted  the  mountains  of  Burma 
again.  After  eighteen  months  he  took  up  the  task  to  which  he  had 
dedicated  his  life.  The  work  at  Moulmein  welcomed  him,  but  he 
longed  for  Rangoon.  Within  a  year  they  sailed  for  and  settled  in 
Rangoon,  leaving  their  treasures  in  the  house  in  Moulmein.  Fire 
destroyed  the  house  and  contents.  He  wrote  to  a  fellow  missionary: 
"  The  Lord  gave  and  the  Lord  hath  taken  away ;  blessed  be  the 
name  of  the  Lord."  The  new  Burman  king  was  a  bigoted  Buddhist 
and  blocked  the  work  in  every  possible  way.  The  English  flag  no 
longer  protected  them.  Mission  work  was  carried  on  in  secret.  Mr. 
Judson  toiled  on  with  his  dictionary  and  met  a  few  converts  and 
inquirers  in  secret.  Ten  Burmans,  one  Karen,  and  two  Americans 
gathered  at  the  Lord's  Supper,  Eleven  disciples  and  four  inquirers 
met  him  in  secret.  In  1813  he  entered  Rangoon,  and  in  1847  he  re- 
entered Rangoon  and  taught  eleven  disciples.  His  great  work  was 
translation  and  making  the  dictionary.  Hunted  like  a  wild  beast, 
watched  by  the  government,  plotted  against  by  Catholic  priests,  he 
was  at  last  driven  back  to  Moulmein.  He  toiled  like  a  galley  slave 
at  his  task  of  translation.  November,  1849,  he  caught  a  severe  cold, 
followed  by  dysentery  and  a  congestive  fever.  A  sea  voyage  was  the 
last  resort.  Within  a  week  of  the  time  he  bade  his  wife  farewell 
he  died  after  intense  agony  and  his  body  was  committed  to  the  deep. 
Three  weeks  after  the  parting  the  second  child  was  born ;  the  day 
of  his  birth  was  the  day  of  his  father's  death.  Ten  days  after  the 
burial  of  the  father  the  son  sought  him  in  the  land  of  life. 

Four  choices  were  possible  for  Adoniram  Judson.  He  might  have 
remained  an  infidel,  lived  and  died  a  strolling  actor.  When  the  last 
curtain  fell  and  the  lights  were  cut  off,  no  one  would  have  honored 
him.  He  might  have  returned  to  Providence  College,  become  a  tutor, 
a  professor,  or  possibly,  with  his  splendid  powers,  the  president  of  the 
college.  He  might  have  spent  his  years  setting  the  veneer  of  culture 
on  the  coarser  grain  of  student  life.  His  life-work  ended,  death 
would  have  been  followed  by  a  quiet  funeral,  a  white  slab,  and  for- 
getfulness.  He  might  have  become  associate  pastor  of  the  leading 
church  of  Boston  and,  in  time,  full  pastor.  He  might  have  given  his 
years  to  the  local  church,  doing  a  needed  but  a  narrow  work.  At 
the  end  of  life  he  would  have  been  buried  on  the  edge  of  Boston, 


151 


The  Judson  Centennial 


with  a  polished  shaft,  a  month  of  memory,  and  forgetfulness.  He 
stood  on  the  firing-Hne  for  thirty-two  years.  He  has  become  a 
world-power.  The  eyes  of  Christendom  are  turned  toward  the  rest- 
less sea  that  covers  the  quiet  body,  and  the  heart  of  Christendom 
honors  the  man  who  counted  not  his  life  dear  to  himself  but  gave 
his  powers  to  his  King.  The  sea  has  his  body  in  trust.  Christ  has 
his  spirit.  We  have  the  inspiration  of  his  life.  Another  generation  in 
Burma  waits  for  the  gospel ;  another  generation  in  America  is  re- 
sponsible for  giving  the  gospel.  We  can  trust  the  sea  to  guard  her 
treasure,  we  can  trust  the  Christ  to  guard  his  spirit ;  can  the  Christ 
trust  us  to  do  our  duty  as  Judson  did  his  and  honor  his  memory  by 
carrying  on  his  work  and  doing  Christ's  will  ? 


n 

ADDRESS 

By  Edward  Judson,  D.  D. 

President  Bond — Brethren,  Sisters,  Fathers,  Mothers — Young  Re- 
cruits who  are  about  to  go  to  the  foreign  field,  and  you  who  have 
returned,  veterans  in  the  service. 

Hearts  worn  out  with  many  wars, 

And  eyes  grown  dim  with  gazing  on  the  pilot  stars. 

I  count  it  a  supreme  honor  and  joy  to  be  permitted  to  speak  a  bene- 
dictory word,  on  this  historic  occasion,  under  the  auspices  of  the 
Northern  Baptist  Convention,  in  this  vast  assemblage  of  representa- 
tive Christians,  gathered  out  of  all  sections  of  our  land  to  this  ancient 
city,  for  the  express  purpose  of  paying  a  tribute  of  affectionate  re- 
membrance to  my  father,  Adoniram  Judson,  the  first  American 
Foreign  Missionary. 

My  older  brother,  Adoniram,  has  contributed  to  the  interest  of  this 
hour  a  delicious  and  pathetic  reminiscence,  hitherto  unpublished,  as 
far  as  I  know,  of  how  our  mother,  on  her  last  voyage  and  near  the  end 
of  her  life,  sang  to  him  the  "  Star  of  Bethlehem,"  under  the  open 
sky  at  sea.  That  sweet  and  ancient  melody,  echoing  from  the  glassy 
surface  of  the  Indian  Ocean,  has  been  wafted  to  our  ears  and  hearts 
over  the  long  bridge  of  seventy  years.  When  that  song  was  being 
sung,  I  was  a  puny,  sickly  infant,  only  a  few  months  old,  left  in 
Burma  by  my  mother,  with  her  two  other  babies,  under  the  care  of  the 

152 


EinVAKI)    JL'DSON,    1).     I). 

Elected     Honorary     Presidint-for-Life    of     American     IJaptist     I-'oreign     Mission 
Society,  June,   1914.     Died,  October  23,   1914. 


The  Judson  Centennial 


missionaries  at  Moulmein.  Who  would  have  thought  at  that  time  that 
I  should  be  living  now,  seven  years  older  than  my  father  was  when 
he  was  buried  in  the  ocean  at  the  exact  middle  of  the  nineteenth 
century?  My  mother  was  dying,  and  nothing  gave  any  promise  of 
life,  except  a  voyage  to  her  native  land,  whose  shores  she  had  not 
seen  since  .the  day  when  in  her  youth  she  set  sail  for  Burma  in  com- 
pany with  her  husband,  George  Dana  Boardman.  So  she  and  my 
father,  with  the  three  elder  children,  set  sail  for  America.  When  they 
came  to  the  Isle  of  France,  her  health  had  so  rapidly  improved  that 
she  desired  my  father  to  return  to  the  little  ones  left  in  Burma,  and 
in  the  prospect  of  his  departure  she  composed  the  lines  which  have 
become  dear  to  many  Christian  hearts: 

We  part  on  this  green  islet,  love; 

Thou  for  the  Eastern  main ; 
I  for  the  setting  sun,  love; 

Oh,  when  to  meet  again? 

The  music  of  thy  daughter's  voice, 

Thou'lt  miss  for  many  a  year ; 
And  the  merry  shout  of  thine  elder  boys, 

Thou'lt  list  in  vain  to  hear. 

My  tears  flow  fast  for  thee,  love; 

How  can  I  say,  Farewell ! 
But  go,  thy  God  be  with  thee,  love, 

Thy  heart's  deep  grief  to  quell. 

Then  gird  thine  armor  on,  love. 

Nor  faint  thou  by  the  way, 
Till  Boodh  shall  fall,  and  Burma's  sons 

Shall  own  Messiah's  sway. 

This  parting,  however,  was  never  achieved.  Her  health  rapidly 
declined,  and  when  the  vessel  came  into  the  harbor  of  St.  Helena 
she  died.  My  father  took  her  on  shore  and  buried  her;  and  the  same 
day  the  vessel  continued  its  journey,  bearing  him  on  his  way  to 
America. 

The  oldest  of  the  three  babes  left  in  Burma  was  my  brother  Henry, 
three  years  older  than  myself.  We  had  hoped  that  he  could  be  with 
us  to-day.  I  hold  in  my  hand  the  ticket  admitting  him  to  this  plat- 
form. But  sickness  imperatively  prevented  his  coming.  Indeed,  he 
was  permanently  disabled  while  fighting  under  the  Union  flag  in  the 
Civil  War.  ^ 

153 


The  Judson  Centennial 


My  father's  example  has  always  been  an  inspiration  to  me.  I 
keep  on  my  desk  before  me  a  portrait  of  him  as  a  young  man.  We 
need  human  guides  to  keep  us  in  the  footsteps  of  the  great  Path- 
finder. And  separation  deepens  and  intensifies  affection.  When  those 
we  love  are  taken  from  us  they  seem  to  have  a  more  penetrating  and 
controlling  influence  over  our  lives  even  than  when  they  were  by  our 
side.  Love  has  two  elements :  the  passion  to  possess,  and  the  desire  to 
serve.  When  our  friends  are  with  us,  the  passion  to  possess  and  to 
enjoy  preponderates.  When  we  are  parted  from  them,  the  desire  to 
serve  comes  to  the  front.  When  a  father  is  away  from  home,  he  is 
more  deeply  concerned  with  planning  for  the  comfort  and  happiness 
of  his  children  even  than  when  he  is  in  their  company.  The  sainted 
dead  sway  our  lives  more  profoundly  than  when  they  were  with  us. 
In  hours  of  perplexity  we  keep  asking  what  they  would  do  were  they 
in  our  place.  I  have  often  thought  that  my  father's  influence  upon 
my  life  has  been  greater  than  it  would  have  been  had  he  been  spared 
to  me  through  all  these  years.  Jesus  said:  It  is  expedient  for  you 
that  I  go  aivay;  and  again:  Blessed  are  they  that  have  not  seen,  and 
yet  have  believed.  Paul  intimates  to  Philemon  that  the  temporary  loss 
of  Onesimus  was  the  condition  of  permanent  possession :  For  perhaps 
lie  therefore  departed  for  a  season,  that  thou  shoiddest  receive  him 
forever. 

The  difficulties  of  my  father's  life  have  been  an  inspiration  to  me. 
In  hours  of  gloom  I  have  been  nerved  to  continued  endeavor  by  the 
obstacles  that  lay  across  his  path.  The  conservatism  of  American 
Christianity  against  which  the  hot  zeal  of  the  early  foreign  missionary 
pioneers  flung  itself  like  the  foaming  wave  against  the  rocks ;  the 
change  of  denominational  relationship  attended  by  so  much  painful 
solicitude;  the  danger  of  deportation  by  the  British  Government;  the 
apparent  hopelessness  of  the  attempt  to  make  the  least  impression 
upon  the  ancient  Buddhistic  philosophy  entrenched  in  the  mind  of  the 
proud  and  intellectual  Burman  race,  so  that  seven  years  elapsed  before 
the  baptism  of  a  single  convert;  the  confinement  at  Ava  and  Aung- 
binle  for  twenty-one  months,  for  nine  months  in  three  pairs  of  irons, 
for  two  months  in  five,  for  six  months  in  one,  for  three  months  a 
prisoner  at  large  but  in  irons  and  attended  by  a  jailer,  and  for  two 
months  under  restraint  in  Ava  in  charge  of  a  government  official ; 
and  besides  all  this  the  sense  of  failure  that  fell  like  a  shadow  over 
his  last  years,  the  policy  of  retrenchment  at  home  making  him  feel 
that  all  his  work  and  suffering  had  been  for  naught.  Large  under- 
takings require  more  than  one  lifetime  for  their  fulfilment.     Several 


154 


The  Judson  Centennial 


lives  have  to  be  spliced  together  before  success  comes  to  view.     And 
we  have  to  say : 

Others  shall  sing  the  song; 

Others  shall  right  the  wrong; 

Finish  what  I  begin 

And  all  I  fail  to  win. 

What  matter  I  or  they, 
Mine  or  another's  day, 
So  the  right  word  be  said. 
And  life  the  sweeter  made. 

Ring  bells  in  unreared  steeples 
The  joy  of  unborn  peoples; 
Sound  trumpets  far-off  blown ; 
Your  triumph  is  my  own. 

Success  and  suffering  are  vitally  interrelated.  If  we  succeed  with- 
out sufifering,  it  is  because  others  suffered  before  us ;  if  we  suffer 
without  succeeding,  it  is  that  others  may  succeed  after  us.  And  yet 
confronted  by  all  these  obstacles,  and  ever  climbing  up  the  climbing 
way,  yet  to  him  the  prospects  were  always  as  bright  "  as  the  promises 
of  God."     He  was  one  that 

Never  turned  his  back,  but  walked  breast  forward ; 

Never  dreamed,  though  right  were  worsted,  wrong  would  triumph; 

Held,  we  fall  to  rise. 

Are  baffled  to  fight  better,  sleep  to  wake. 

But  my  father's  achievements  are  no  less  inspiring  to  me  than  his 
sufferings,  and  chief  among  them  was  the  development  of  a  strong 
symmetrical  character.  For,  after  all,  God  thinks  more  of  a  man 
than  he  does  of  his  work.  A  man's  work  may  be  burned,  but  the  man 
himself  will  be  saved,  so  as  by  fire.  We  are  all  the  time  thinking  of 
what  we  are  doing  to  our  work;  God  is  thinking  of  what  our  work 
is  doing  to  us.  No  small  part  of  my  father's  achievement  was  his 
character,  which  evoked  this  fine  tribute  from  the  lips  of  the  English 
ambassador,  Sir  Henry  Mortimer  Durand:  "A  man  of  unconquerable 
spirit,  entirely  free  from  selfishness  and  all  the  meaner  passions,  and 
withal  a  man  of  so  great  ability  and  such  profound  acquaintance  with 
the  Burmese  character,  as  to  have  been  of  priceless  assistance  to  the 
British  Government  in  its  diplomatic  dealings  between  the  two  na- 
tions— a  man  as  greatly  honored  and  beloved  by  the  British  soldier  as 
he  was  by  the  Burmese  people." 

I5S 


The  Judson  Centennial 


Another  achievement  was  the  establishment  of  Christianity  in 
Burma  upon  foundations  never  to  be  removed.  Not  that  Burma 
can  yet  be  called  a  Christian  country,  like  our  own.  But  everybody 
has  not  been  converted  in  America.  The  leaven  of  Christian  thought 
and  experience  has  been  permanently  introduced  into  Burma.  Self- 
supporting  churches  have  been  planted  throughout  the  whole  country. 
The  gospel  has  been  preached  to  ten  different  races.  Thousands  upon 
thousands  of  natives  have  embraced  Christianity.  I  recall  the  stanza 
that  used  always  to  come  into  my  mind  when  I  met  Doctor  Clough 
and  contemplated  his  mighty  work  in  India: 

Far,  far  away,  like  bells  at  evening  pealing, 
The  voice  of  Jesus  sounds  o'er  land  and  sea, 

And  laden  souls  by  thousands  meekly  stealing, 
Kind  Shepherd,  turn  their  weary  steps  to  thee. 

We  have  also  the  creation  of  a  Christian  literature,  as  a  part  of  my 
father's  work.  He  learned  the  Burman  language,  compiling  his  own 
grammar  and  dictionary;  he  prepared  an  extensive  assortment  of 
tracts  in  which  Christian  doctrines  and  argument  found  perspicuous 
statement.  All  his  literary  work  possessed  a  distinctive  charm;  and 
finally  he  made  a  classical  and  authoritative  translation  of  the  whole 
Bible  into  Burmese,  and  that  too  when  he  had  such  a  lust  for  finishing, 
as  he  called  it,  that  sometimes  it  would  take  him  a  whole  day  to 
translate  a  single  verse. 

Again,  the  organisation  of  the  American  Board  of  Commissioners 
for  Foreign  Missions,  representing  the  Congregational  life  of  this 
country,  was  a  part  of  the  long,  cool,  healing  shade  of  this  rock  in  the 
desert;  as  Emerson  says,  institutions  are  the  lengthened  shadows  of 
individual  men.  And  that  great  missionary  society,  carrying  on  its 
mission  work  throughout  the  world,  raising  and  expending  last  year 
over  a  million  dollars,  came  into  being  for  the  support  of  my  father 
and  his  associates.  And  then  his  becoming  a  Baptist  occasioned  the 
organization  of  the  American  Baptist  Foreign  Mission  Society  and 
afterward  the  Southern  Baptist  Convention.  These  societies  are 
engaged  in  world-wide  mission  work;  and  the  Baptists  of  the  North 
and  South  together  expended  nearly  one  million  seven  hundred  and 
fifty  thousand  dollars  last  year.  Then  the  other  denominations  fell 
in  line,  the  Episcopalians  expending  nearly  a  million  dollars  last 
year;  then  the  Methodists,  expending  last  year,  I  mean  Methodists 
North  and  South  together,  about  two  and  a  quarter  millions ;  and  then 
the  Presbyterians,  who  expended  last  year.  North  and  South,  about 

156 


The  Judson  Centennial 


two  and  a  half  millions  of  dollars.  And  to-day  all  these  societies 
observe  the  principle  of  comity  so  that  their  missions  do  not  overlap 
or  antagonize.  Indeed,  I  sometimes  think  that  the  different  com- 
munions work  more  harmoniously  together  on  the  far-flung  battle-line 
of  foreign  missions  than  they  do  here  at  home. 

Again,  the  marvelously  rapid  growth  of  the  Baptist  Communion  in 
America  during  the  last  hundred  years  is  somewhat  due  to  my  father's 
influence,  and  is  a  part  of  the  cool,  healing  shadow  cast  by  his  person- 
ality across  the  surface  of  Christian  society.  His  appealing  words 
when  he  became  a  Baptist  were  like  a  bugle-call  arousing  to  efficient 
action  and  crystallizing  into  conscious  unity  the  Baptist  flock  of  this 
country,  few  and  scattered  and  feeble.  It  was  when  we  accepted  this 
challenge  and  put  our  hands  to  the  foreign  mission  plow  that  we  first 
began  truly  to  thrive  at  home.  And  Home  Missions  with  its  glowing 
motto,  North  America  for  Christ,  is  an  outgrowth  of  Foreign  Missions. 
The  evangelization  of  our  own  country  is  but  the  reflex  wave  of  the 
world  conquest.  If  you  want  a  revival  in  your  own  church,  interest 
yourself  in  Foreign  Missions.  If  you  want  your  children  converted, 
concern  yourself  in  the  conversion  of  the  children  of  strangers. 
America  herself  will  never  be  truly  evangelized  except  by  way  of 
China  and  Africa.  All  the  flocks  must  be  gathered  together,  and  the 
stone  rolled  from  the  well's  mouth  before  the  sheep  can  be  watered. 
The  only  faith  that  is  good  for  anything  when  confronted  by  our  prob- 
lems at  home  is  the  faith  that  reaches  to  the  heathen  beyond  the  seas. 
A  rifle  upon  which  I  can  depend  at  six  hundred  yards  will  not  fail 
me  when  fired  point-blank.  A  church-bell  of  such  heavy  metal  as  to 
be  heard  from  the  meeting-house  by  the  farmer  living  far-off  on  the 
hills  will  be  sure  to  reach  everything  that  lies  between. 

Indeed,  I  am  often  thrilled  by  the  thought  that  the  long,  healing 
shadow  of  my  father's  life  touches  City  Missions  and  falls  upon  the 
foreigners  that  come  in  such  vast  throngs  from  the  ends  of  the  earth 
to  settle  in  our  great  cities.  We  used  to  think  of  them  as  a  menace, 
but  have  learned  to  regard  them  as  an  opportunity.  It  would  seem  as 
if  our  heavenly  Father,  perceiving  that  we  Christians  of  America 
were  so  vitally  interested  in  foreign  races  as  to  send  our  best  men  and 
women  to  them  with  the  gospel,  paying  their  traveling  expenses  and 
maintenance,  deemed  it  wise  to  put  it  in  the  hearts  of  the  heathen  to 
come  from  all  parts  of  the  world  to  our  shores,  paying  their  own 
expenses.  I  like  to  think  of  my  own  experience  of  thirty-three  years 
of  mission  work  in  New  York  as  a  faint,  far-off  cry  of  my  father's 
life.    One  of  the  pleasures  of  growing  old  is  that  we  see  our  past  life 


157 


The  Judson  Centennial 


in  perspective.  We  become  aware  that,  all  unconsciously  to  ourselves, 
it  has  been  shaped  for  definite  ends  by  our  heavenly  Father's  molding 
hand.  The  impulse  of  that  life  which  we  memorialize  to-day  took  me 
a  long  way  around,  but  at  last  brought  me  to  my  own  in  lower  New 
York. 

If  we  keep  in  the  midstream  of  the  divine  will,  we  release  forces 
whose  beneficent  action  is  registered  in  distant  and  unexpected  places. 
This  is  the  secret  of  all  enduring  influence.  It  is  the  little  things  that 
we  get  by  hot  chase.  The  great  things  come  to  us,  as  it  were,  around 
a  corner,  when  we  are  looking  for  something  else.  In  doing  the  duty 
nearest  to  us,  we  are  like  the  bumblebee  that  in  search  for  honey, 
plunging  his  proboscis  down  among  the  fragrant  petals  of  some 
gorgeous  blossom,  unconsciously  dislodges  and  distributes  the  pollen, 
thus  promoting  the  cross-fertilization  of  plants.  The  best  work  he 
is  doing  he  knows  nothing  about.  He  is  making  the  wilderness 
blossom  like  the  rose.  The  Christian  is  like  a  huge  ledge  of  rock  that 
emerges  from  the  surface  of  the  desert  and,  resisting  the  sand  wave, 
makes  possible  an  oasis  under  its  shelter.  The  important  thing  is  not 
to  undertake  some  great  piece  of  work,  but  to  live  by  the  day,  having 
the  mind  that  was  in  Christ  Jesus,  who  iuade  himself  of  no  reputation, 
and  took  upon  him  the  form  of  a  servant,  and  was  made  in  the  like- 
ness of  men:  and  being  found  in  fashion  as  a  man,  he  humbled  him- 
self, and  became  obedient  unto  death,  even  the  death  of  the  cross. 
Wherefore  God  also  hath  highly  exalted  him,  and  given  him  a  name 
zvhich  is  above  every  name;  that  at  the  name  of  Jesus  every  knee 
should  bozv,  of  things  in  heaven,  and  things  in  earth,  and  things  under 
the  earth;  and  that  every  tongue  should  confess  that  Jesus  Christ  is 
Lord,  to  the  glory  of  God  the  Father. 


Ill 

BAPTISTS  AND  THE  FUTURE  OF  FOREIGN  MISSIONS 

By  W.  C.  Bitting,  D.  D. 

It  is  the  spirit  of  our  religion  to  speak  to  every  nation  in  the  tongue 
wherein  it  was  born.  The  Pentecostal  principle  demands  that  Chris- 
tianity shall  forever  be  vernacular.  It  must  utter  itself  in  the  terms 
of  every  race  life,  must  use  the  vehicles  which  each  generation  of 
mankind  knows.    We  must  evermore  follow  Jesus'  example  when  he 

158 


The  Judson  Centennial 


spoke  in  parables,  the  art  of  which  was  the  use  of  familiar  things  as 
vessels  for  the  new  truth.  This  divine  method  of  adaptation  will 
force  upon  us  two  things,  with  neither  of  which  we  can  dispense.  We 
must  know  the  truth,  the  life  we  wish  to  give ;  and  we  must  also  know 
those  to  whom  we  wish  to  give  it,  and  impart  it  to  them  in  such  a 
way  that  it  can  be  understood  and  received.  The  methods  of  foreign 
missions,  humanly  considered,  are  not  to  be  different  from  the  methods 
of  intelligent  work  in  any  other  region  of  life.  No  folly  could  equal 
that  of  trying  to  give  to  any  person  or  nation  a  religion  that  is  not 
worth  while,  except  the  folly  of  trying  to  give  a  real  religion  in  a 
way  the  person  or  nation  could  not  understand  it,  much  less  live  it. 

For  Baptist  foreign  mission  work  all  this  means  two  things — that 
we  must  know  why  we  are  Baptists,  whether  we  really  have  anything 
vital  that  makes  our  existence  necessary,  whether  this  organizing 
spirit  of  our  Baptist  life  is  worth  spreading  over  the  earth ;  and  also 
that  we  must  know  the  lands  to  which  we  would  bring  this  ideal,  and 
the  movements  now  affecting  the  nations  of  the  world  in  whose  de- 
velopment we  seek  to  enthrone  as  the  controlling  power  our  Lord 
Jesus  Christ  as  understood  by  us.  The  wise  teacher  seeks  to  know 
both  his  subject  and  his  pupil.  If  we  are  to  go  into  all  the  world  and 
make  disciples  of  all  the  nations,  we  must  know  both  Christ  and  the 
nations.  We  must  ask  what  have  we  to  give,  and  also  what  sort  of 
a  world  it  is  to  which  we  are  to  give  it,  and  how  to  give  it  most 
effectively.  The  features  of  our  problem  thus  stand  clearly  before  us. 
What  should  be  the  future  of  Baptist  foreign  missionary  work?  It 
may  seem  a  rash  venture  to  forecast  the  future  in  any  respect.  Yet 
like  the  spies  who  went  into  Canaan  and  came  back  with  its  fruit, 
we  can  describe  some  features  of  the  land  into  which  we  are  going. 
That  venture  is  aided  by  the  knowledge  of  certain  world  movements 
that  are  well  established  in  so-called  Christian  lands,  and  have  already 
begun  to  affect  non-Christian  lands,  or  are  sure  to  become  active  in 
them. 

I.  What  have  Baptists  to  give  to  the  world?  What  is  our  special 
interpretation  of  the  life  that  our  Lord  Jesus  Christ  brought  to  man- 
kind? For  what,  if  anything,  do  we  stand  unique  among  all  other 
bodies  of  Christians? 

All  religions  exalt  the  worth  of  God,  as  they  have  understood  him. 
Christianity  brings  to  the  world  a  conception  of  God  more  worthy 
than  that  of  any  other  religion.  It  also  surpasses  all  other  religions 
in  its  emphasis  upon  the  worth  of  man.  Jesus  revealed  God  as 
supremely  worthy  of  our  love  by  the  disclosure  of  his  fatherhood.    All 


159 


The  Judson  Centennial 


religions,  however,  have  not  made  clear  the  worth  of  man.  Jesus 
revealed  man's  supreme  worth  not  only  by  his  teaching  and  by  his 
earthly  service,  but  by  his  incarnation  and  his  death.  All  these  are 
measures  of  the  value  that  God  puts  upon  every  human  being. 

If  we  ask  why  God  so  values  every  man,  our  only  answer  is  be- 
cause man  is  capable  of  fellowship  with  the  heavenly  Father  here  and 
hereafter.  Therefore,  Jesus'  first  ideal  for  us  is  that  we  shall  for- 
sake our  sins  and  trust  the  heavenly  Father.  Then  follows  God's 
greatest  gift  to  us,  his  forgiveness  of  our  sins,  which  is  nothing  less 
than  God's  trust  in  us.  It  is  our  fellowship  with  himself,  the  estab- 
lishment of  social  relations  as  beautiful  and  sweet  as  if  we  had  not 
sinned.  God  trusts  us  when  we  trust  him.  He  trusts  us  when  our  fel- 
low men  do  not.  Yea,  more,  he  trusts  us  even  when  we  do  not  trust 
ourselves.  And  he  bids  us  trust  one  another.  The  Christian  boon 
of  forgiveness  democratizes  all  human  life.  Neither  of  these  ideals 
can  be  set  aside  without  lessening  the  value  that  our  Lord  put  upon 
men.  How  often  he  states  this.  "  But  you  are  not  to  be  called 
'  rabbi,'  for  One  is  your  teacher,  and  you  are  all  brothers ;  you  are 
not  to  call  any  one  *  father '  on  earth,  for  One  is  your  heavenly 
Father ;  nor  must  you  be  called  '  leaders,'  for  One  is  your  leader, 
even  the  Christ.  He  who  is  greatest  among  you  must  be  your  servant. 
Whoever  uplifts  himself  will  be  humbled,  and  whoever  humbles  him- 
self will  be  uplifted."  (Matt.  23  :  8-12,  in  Moffatt's  "A  New  Trans- 
lation of  the  New  Testament.") 

In  his  terrible  philippic  against  the  religion  of  formalism  and  legal- 
ism he  declared  that  we  have  no  spiritual  progenitor  but  God.  Our 
spiritual  life  is  not  derived  from  baptismal  waters,  nor  communion 
elements,  but  immediately  from  the  Father  of  spirits.  We  are  to  call 
no  man  our  authoritative  teacher.  Jesus  Christ  is  our  sole  authority. 
God  trusts  each  pupil  to  learn  from  this  supreme  Teacher.  So  far 
from  acknowledging  any  man,  or  any  body  of  men,  as  authority  in 
religion,  either  in  faith  or  practice,  no  disciple  of  Jesus  should  ever 
consent  to  accept  such  a  position.  He  usurps  Christ's  place  if  he  so 
consents.  We  are  to  acknowledge  no  guides,  since  Christ  alone  is 
our  Master.  God  trusts  Christ  with  every  soul,  and  trusts  every 
soul  to  follow  Christ.  If  any  one  object  that  this  is  individualism 
run  mad.  Baptists  gladly  cling  to  this  teaching  of  the  Master,  no  matter 
what  others  may  think  of  it.  In  this  ideal  there  is  no  room  for  the 
aristocratic  assumptions  of  a  few  men  to  control  the  religious  lives  of 
the  many.  Such  arrogance  has  always  ended  in  human  ignorance,  and 
the  blight  of  personality.    Every  Baptist  believes  in  the  immediacy  of 

160 


The  Judson  Centennial 


the  soul's  relation  to  God  as  revealed  in  Jesus  Christ.  He  counts  as 
the  rankest  impertinence  in  religion  the  attempt  to  thrust  anything 
whatever  between  the  heavenly  Father  and  his  earthly  child.  Between 
God  and  the  soul  that  trusts  him  there  is  no  room  for  a  hierarchy,  or 
a  sacrament,  or  a  ceremony,  or  an  organization,  or  a  book.  All  this 
the  book  itself  has  taught  us,  and  a  book  that  teaches  us  this  cannot 
itself  stand  between  God  and  us.  Therefore,  all  men  are  brethren 
because  Christ  alone  is  our  Master.  All  men  are  to  be  brought  into 
the  family  of  the  heavenly  Father  through  the  teaching  and  guidance 
of  the  Christ.  Furthermore,  the  ideal  of  the  kingdom  of  God  is  not 
dominion,  but  service.  Like  our  Teacher  and  Guide  we  come  not  to 
be  ministered  unto  but  to  minister,  and  this  because  each  human 
being  is  of  infinite  worth  in  God's  sight.  Surely  in  such  a  social  con- 
ception there  is  no  room  for  anything  like  monarchy  or  oligarchy  in 
a  religious  organization.  The  very  genius,  then,  of  our  denomination 
is  its  exaltation  of  personality.  To  this  we  cling  not  only  in  the 
individual  freedom  that  it  guarantees,  but  in  all  its  social  consequences. 
We  are  free  from  all  men,  and  yet  we  are  the  servants  of  all.  We 
acknowledge  no  man  as  authority  in  the  religious  region  of  life,  and 
yet  we  dedicate  ourselves  to  all  men  in  the  utmost  service. 

Our  baptism  is  not  our  distinguishing  mark.  We  cling  to  it  be- 
cause it  is  the  picture  of  the  death,  burial,  and  resurrection  of  our 
Lord,  and  because  it  is  our  formal  avowal  that  we  appropriate  the 
meaning  of  his  life  and  death,  and  believe  that  such  a  life  is  in  itself 
invincible  by  death.  It  cannot  be  extinguished  because  it  is  the  life 
of  God  mediated  to  us  by  the  Jesus  whose  spirit  and  ideals  we  share. 
It  is  high  time  that  we  talked  less  about  the  external  rite  and  more 
about  its  significance.  The  great  world  has  mistakenly  thought  that 
devotion  to  a  form  accounts  for  our  existence,  that  insistence  upon  it  is 
the  only  reason  why  we  separate  from  other  bodies  of  Christians,  Are 
we  ourselves  to  blame  for  this  misunderstanding  because  we  have  not 
emphasized  the  meaning  of  this  ordinance,  not  only  by  our  preach- 
ing, but  vastly  more  by  our  living  ?  What  manner  of  people  ought  we 
to  be  when  we  have  told  the  world  in  this  picture  of  the  essential  his- 
toric facts  of  Christianity  that  henceforth  in  our  personal  lives  we 
shall  reproduce  the  meaning,  significance,  and  power  of  our  Lord's 
life,  death,  and  resurrection? 

Let  us  clearly  appreciate  ourselves.  Let  our  Baptist  watchword  be 
the  Exaltation  of  Personality,  the  immediacy  of  the  soul's  relation  to 
God,  the  "  competency  of  the  soul  in  religion,"  as  President  MuJlins 
expresses  it,  the  lordship  of  Jesus  Christ,  as  the  sufficient  creed  of  the 

i6i 


The  Judson  Centennial 


early  church  phrased  it.  (John  13  :  13;  Rom.  10  :  9;  i  Cor.  12  :  3; 
Phil.  2  :  II.)  Let  us  not  shrink  from  loyalty  to  this  ideal  in  our  in- 
dividual living  and  in  its  social  consequences.  We  are  not  always  true 
to  it.  Sometimes  we  are  impatient  with  varieties  of  opinions.  Have 
we  reached  the  ideal  charity  that  thinketh  no  evil?  Do  we  now  give 
perfect  freedom  in  methods  of  work?  Are  we  thoroughly  consecrated 
to  the  belief  that  every  man's  personality  is  as  sacred  to  him  as  ours 
is  to  us?  Do  we  not  need  among  ourselves  a  genuine  revival  in 
appreciation  of  the  distinctive  Christian  ideal  for  which  we  stand? 
It  is  our  heavenly  treasure  in  the  earthen  vessels  of  our  individuality 
and  our  organization.  Our  church  government  is  the  democracy 
which  inevitably  follows  from  this  truth.  There  will  be  need  for 
Baptists  so  long  as  ceremonies  are  imposed  upon  unconsciousness  in 
the  name  of  God;  so  long  as  monarchies  or  oligarchies  are  reflected 
in  church  organizations ;  so  long  as  a  few  or  many  formulate  authori- 
tative creeds  for  those  who  should  acknowledge  no  authoritative 
teacher  but  Jesus  Christ;  so  long  as  theories  or  expressions  from  an 
outgrown  past  throttle  the  freedom  which  is  our  birthright  as  sons 
of  God,  and  the  liberty  that  belongs  to  us  as  pupils  of  the  Master; 
so  long  as  there  remain  sacramental  notions  that  spiritual  changes 
are  wrought  by  the  magical  power  of  material  things;  so  long  as 
fallible  and  sinful  human  beings,  like  ourselves,  arrogate  the  right  to 
stand  between  God  and  men  with  authority  to  forgive  sins  and  to  con- 
trol religious  practices;  so  long  as  anywhere,  either  in  the  individual 
or  in  the  social  relations  of  the  religious  life,  there  exists  anything 
whatever  that  violates  the  personal  freedom  or  the  social  democracy 
which  are  essential  to  Christianity  as  taught  by  Jesus  Christ. 

II.  If  now  we  turn  from  the  inventory  of  our  spiritual  assets  to 
conditions  in  non-Christian  lands,  we  are  met  with  two  aspects  of 
the  problem,  neither  of  which  can  be  ignored. 

I.  We  see  individual  persons,  born  with  a  capacity  to  know  God, 
but  needing  light  to  reveal  the  God  whom  they  seek.  "  The  true 
light  which  lighteth  every  man  "  also  illuminates  the  hearts  of  human 
beings  in  non-Christian  lands.  It  was  our  Lord  himself  who  said,  "  It 
is  written  in  the  prophets,  they  shall  all  be  taught  of  God."  But 
men  need  Jesus  Christ,  the  great  Teacher  about  God.  Paul  declared 
that  men  were  made  "  that  they  should  seek  God,  if  haply  they  might 
feel  after  him  and  find  him."  The  ethnic  religions  are  human  gro- 
pings  after  God.  A  glorious  prophet  affirmed  that  Jehovah  did  not 
despise  even  the  ignorant  faith  of  heathen  religions.  He  likened  it 
to  bruised  reeds  which  Jehovah  would  not  break,  and  to  dimly  smoking 

162 


The  Judson  Centennial 


lamps  which  he  would  not  put  out,  until  human  judgment,  the 
inborn  rational  nature  of  man,  should  achieve  its  victory  over  igno- 
rance and  superstition.  (Isa.  42  :  3,  4.)  The  great  missionary  to  the 
Gentiles  declared  that  no  external  credentials  could  authenticate  him 
to  the  cultured  Corinthian  pagans,  but  that  he  depended  upon  the 
native  human  conscience  to  receive  the  truth  he  presented.  In  all 
this  we  have  hope  for  to-day.  Man's  religious  nature  is  as  essential 
a  part  of  him  as  his  intellectual  or  social  nature.  He  has  capacity  to 
receive  God,  and  to  know  truth,  and  this  very  capacity  develops  as 
God  and  truth  are  received.  Precisely  because  we  believe  that  our 
Lord  Jesus  Christ  is  the  final  and  complete  moral  revelation  of  God 
in  terms  of  personality  we  are  able  to  go  with  confidence  to  every 
human  being,  no  matter  of  what  race  he  is  a  member,  and  trust  the 
appeal  which  the  proper  presentation  of  the  Christ  makes  to  the  man 
who  really  hungers  for  God,  yearns  to  know  the  way  to  him,  the 
truth  about  him,  and  the  life  of  fellowship  with  him. 

We  can  never  get  away  from  the  evangelistic  message.  But  this 
message  is  manifold  in  its  forms.  It  may  come  through  the  educa- 
tional method,  or  through  the  preaching  that  knows  how  to  interpret 
the  Christ  so  that  he  can  be  understood,  or  by  the  method  of  con- 
tagion where  personal  life  by  reproducing  the'  Christ  in  disinterested 
and  sacrificial  spirit  preaches  it  more  powerfully  than  it  can  be  other- 
wise proclaimed.  In  every  way  the  Christ  is  to  be  preached.  But 
the  supreme,  controlling  ideal,  no  matter  what  method  be  used,  must 
forever  be  to  lead  individual  men  and  women  into  the  same  personal 
vital  relation  to  God  through  Jesus  Christ  that  we  ourselves  have 
experienced,  and  to  leaven  all  social  life  with  his  spirit.  Our  Baptist 
ideal  of  the  exaltation  of  personality  calls  for  the  experience  of 
regeneration,  since  it  lifts  the  individual  life  immediately  to  God 
for  the  inflow  of  his  life  into  ours.  No  one  dreams  of  supplanting 
this  evangelistic  ideal  by  any  other.  All  emphasis  upon  education 
and  philanthropy  is  emphasis  only  upon  method  of  reaching  the  evan- 
gelistic ideal.  Let  it  be  understood  clearly  and  finally  that  this  is  our 
supreme  mission.  We  can  transform  nations  in  the  mass  only  as  we 
affect  individuals  and  their  relations.  The  whole  loaf  cannot  be 
leavened  except  as  atoms  are. 

2.  And  yet  our  work  must  be  done  under  social  conditions  that 
cannot  be  ignored.  Indeed  they  are  always  directive  and  controlling. 
No  man  lives  unto  himself.  If  we  would  be  intelligent  in  our  mis- 
sionary work,  it  is  not  enough  that  we  go  to  individuals  in  non- 
Christian  lands  with  a  message  concerning  their  personal  relations  to 

L  163 


The  Judson  Centennial 


God,  however  important  this  may  be.  We  must  recognize  that  per- 
sons in  these  lands,  as  in  all  others,  are  parts  of  social  organisms 
which  have  grown  through  centuries,  and  that  they  are  dominated  by 
ideals  in  many  respects  vastly  different  from  our  own.  They  hold 
conceptions  of  God,  and  themselves,  and  the  physical  universe  which 
appear  to  us  to  be  strange  and  mistaken.  They  are  particles  in  streams 
of  life  that  seem  to  be  flowing  in  directions  entirely  different  from 
those  in  which  we  move. 

In  spite  of  these  age-long  influences  upon  nations  we  seek  to  affect, 
they  have  not  become  petrified  beyond  the  power  to  change.  In 
preparation  for  this  address,  correspondence  was  had  with  astute  ob- 
servers in  India,  Burma,  China,  and  Japan,  and  also  with  equally 
competent  students  in  this  country  who  have  recently  made  extensive 
tours  in  non-Christian  lands.  They  represent  all  evangelical  denom- 
inations who  are  doing  work  in  these  lands.  Some  of  them  hold 
official  positions  in  missionary  boards  of  various  Christian  bodies. 
Others  are  connected  with  great  universities.  Every  man  is  well 
known  because  of  his  interest  in  the  problem  of  foreign  mission  work. 
All  of  them  have  issued  literature  upon  the  matter.  It  is  their 
unanimous  testimony  that  great  changes  in  all  non-Christian  lands  are 
either  now  in  progress  or  are  inevitable.  The  impact  of  Western 
civilization,  we  might  say  of  Christian  civilization,  is  being  felt 
everywhere. 

a.  There  is  a  new  sense  of  life.  Nations  which  have  long  ap- 
peared to  be  static  are  now  becoming  dynamic.  The  idea  of  change 
is  becoming  familiar.  This  has  not  been  imposed  upon  them  from 
without.  Their  conservatism  has  been  strong  enough  to  resist  all 
external  pressure.  The  scrub  oak  retains  last  year's  brown  leaves  in 
spite  of  autumn  gales,  winter  storms,  and  all  outside  wrenchings  that 
seek  to  twist  off  the  tough  products  of  previous  life.  When  the  earth 
tilts  itself  toward  the  sun  cosmic  energies  find  expression  in  the  life 
of  the  tree.  A  fresh  vitality  pushes  off  the  old  products  as  the 
new  begin  to  appear.  This  is  God's  way  of  doing  things.  He  works 
from  within  outward.  In  all  these  nations,  according  to  the  unani- 
mous testimony  of  these  students  to  whom  I  have  referred,  the  same 
august  movement  is  taking  place.  Just  now  it  may  be  only  a  some- 
what blind,  and  unintelligent  groping  toward  progress  whose  precise 
goal  is  not  yet  perfectly  clear.  But  there  is  a  restless  fermentation  of 
life,  such  as  broke  out  in  the  French  Revolution,  or  among  the  Ger- 
manic States  in  the  Napoleonic  wars.  This  development  of  life  is 
marked  by  certain  great  characteristics. 

164 


The  Judson  Centennial 


(a)  The  intellectual  awakening  is  marvelous.  Modernism  is  the 
leaven  at  work.  There  is  an  increasing  desire  among  Oriental  na- 
tions to  avail  themselves  of  the  results  achieved  by  Western  peoples, 
especially  in  the  fields  of  science  and  education,  and  the  realms  of 
their  practical  application.  Large  numbers  of  natives  of  these  lands 
are  alumni  of  institutions  of  learning  in  Europe  and  America,  and 
many  are  at  this  moment  students  in  Western  schools.  They  take 
with  them  to  their  native  lands  the  methods  of  our  modern  univer- 
sities. The  spirit  of  scientific  experiment  as  opposed  to  the  blind 
acceptance  of  traditions  is  becoming  dominant.  New  educational 
systems  are  being  introduced.  The  learning  which  consisted  in  cher- 
ishing traditions  and  committing  to  memory  the  things  of  the  past 
is  giving  way  before  the  scientific  spirit.  There  is  already  strong 
in  some  nations,  and  growing  in  others,  the  passion  for  reality  in 
thinking.  Modern  education,  with  its  stimulus  to  the  dormant  energies 
of  human  personality,  its  illuminating  outlook  upon  life,  and  its  sug- 
gestions of  the  secrets  of  personal  and  social  progress,  is  at  work 
everywhere.  One  sure  result  of  this  is  the  certainty  of  a  literary 
renaissance  which  will  inevitably  bring  these  peoples  into  contact  with 
the  fruitage  of  the  modern  mind,  and  will  open  to  them  the  riches  of 
history  and  the  wonders  of  our  science.  All  Oriental  nations  are 
feeling  the  conviction  of  weakness,  and  in  many  ways  are  confessing 
their  need  for  the  enlightenment  w'hich  has  made  so-called  Christian 
nations  the  great  powers  of  the  world.  What  this  means  to  tradi- 
tions, superstitions,  and  customs  we  can  well  understand,  for  the  ad- 
vent of  this  spirit  into  our  own  lands  is  shaking  all  things,  and 
forcing  us  to  rely  upon  only  the  things  that  cannot  be  shaken  and  that 
u'ill  remain.  Everything  must  go  that  cannot  stand  before  the  mighty 
test  of  this  scientific  spirit  in  all  the  regions  of  life.  If  God  be  the 
great  reality,  no  realm  of  life  with  which  he  deals — and  he  rules  all 
realms — can  abide  upon  foundations  that  the  human  mind  recognizes 
as  insecure.  Surely  he  cannot  build  any  kingdom  upon  errors,  ig- 
norance, and  superstitions,  since  personality,  whether  in  Christian  or 
pagan  lands,  is  imageship  to  himself.  Everything  that  violates  this 
imageship  must  ultimately  perish.  The  near  future  will  bring  amazing 
transformations  in  the  intellectual  aspects  of  non-Christian  lands. 

(b)  Economic  conditions  are  also  changing.  The  development  of 
natural  resources  in  these  lands,  and  the  necessities  of  commerce  are 
producing  social  transformations  like  those  we  are  now  experiencing. 
Industrialism  is  growing,  and  all  the  seething  maelstrom  in  which 
Western  countries  are  plunged  will  soon  be  reproduced  in  Oriental 

16.:; 


The  Judson  Centennial 


lands.  The  vision  of  new  trade  opportunities  by  Western  nations 
and  the  effort  to  improve  them  are  stirring  every  village  and  city 
in  the  East.  There  is  a  marked  consciousness  of  industrial  pressure 
and  ambition  due  solely  to  commerce.  The  East  wants  the  material 
goods  of  life,  and  the  money  to  pay  for  them.  Men  who  get  $1.25 
a  week  as  skilled  laborers  in  the  great  iron-works  of  Hankow  will 
not  long  be  satisfied  when  they  come  to  study  the  question  of  wages 
in  all  its  relationships.  If  China,  for  instance,  is  to  have  modern 
industrialism  with  all  its  struggle  between  labor  and  capital,  without 
even  the  mitigating  influences  of  Christianity  which  we  feel,  the 
results  will  be  such  as  no  sane  man  can  contemplate  without  a 
shudder.  The  paternalism  of  Confucianism,  working  as  a  mighty 
force  in  a  land  where  agriculture  is  the  chief  industry,  has  not  the 
power  to  control  in  the  new  industrial  conditions  that  are  being 
introduced.  Socialism,  in  the  broad  sense  of  the  term,  is  beginning 
to  appear  in  the  wish  to  get  and  the  desire  to  give  a  fair  share  of 
the  material  rewards  of  labor.  The  proletariat  has  not  yet  awakened, 
but  with  the  rapid  investment  of  capital,  and  the  development  of 
manufacturing  interests,  it  must  soon  become  conscious  of  itself. 
What  course  the  labor  movement,  uninfluenced  by  the  Christian  ideal, 
will  take,  no  one  can  foretell.  No  other  force  than  the  constraining 
love  of  Christ  can  make  any  man  who  controls  the  lives  and  destiny 
of  thousands  of  employees  and  wage-earners  act  with  a  fraternal 
spirit. 

(c)  Politically,  these  nations  are  feeling  upheavals  of  the  most  tre- 
mendous kind.  Within  them  the  proletariat  is  beginning  to  be  con- 
scious of  its  own  worth  and  power  in  the  state.  This  disposition  is 
fruitful  in  revolutions.  The  low  castes,  and  the  lower  social  strata  in 
lands  where  there  is  no  caste,  are  slowly  beginning  to  find  them- 
selves and  to  insist  upon  greater  opportunity  for  personal  develop- 
ment, and  upon  more  room  as  they  take  on  added  fitness.  Moreover, 
there  is  a  crescent  national  consciousness  that  is  slowly  and  surely 
building  all  varieties  of  elements  into  a  solidarity  as  firm  and  stable 
as  any  we  know  in  America.  The  unity  through  absolute  monarchies 
is  melting  into  a  new  enthusiastic  oneness  of  national  spirit.  Pa- 
triotism with  all  its  wonderful  possibilities  is  not  only  born  but 
growing.  In  varying  forms  China,  Japan,  and  India  are  cherishing 
the  desire  for  political  independence,  and  a  larger  national  life  and 
activity.  Furthermore,  there  is  among  these  nations  the  growing 
sense  of  equality  with  other  nations.  The  feeling  is  increasing  among 
the  Asiatics  and  Africans  that  thev  are  in  no  whit  inferior  to  other 


166 


The  Judson  Centennial 


people.  There  is  developing  a  mood  of  resentment  against  the  as- 
sumption of  superiority  by  any  of  the  Western  races.  There  is  a 
hunger  for  territorial  expansion.  Japan  especially  is  craving  room 
to  grow.  Constitutional  theories  of  government  are  welcomed  with 
eagerness,  and  are  being  given  the  right  of  way  where  for  long  ages 
only  despotic  rule  has  prevailed.  The  individual  citizen  is  becoming 
a  factor  in  political  life.  This  same  spirit  is  also  tending  to  the 
enfranchisement  of  womanhood,  and  her  emancipation  from  age-long 
bondage.  The  rights  of  childhood  are  beginning  to  be  recognized, 
and  the  coming  generations  will  see  an  increasing  emphasis  upon  the 
care  of  those  who  now  are  helpless  but  are  to  control  in  the  future. 
This  growing  sense  of  political  solidarity  is  not  only  a  matter  of 
national  development,  but  of  far-reaching  international  importance. 

(d)  Nor  is  the  spiritual  awakening  in  non-Christian  lands  less  re- 
markable. There  is  a  hunger  for  God,  for  freedom  from  sin,  and  for 
peace  of  heart.  There  seems  to  be  growing  a  profound  conviction 
of  the  futility  of  the  ethnic  religions.  It  is  the  opinion  of  many 
observers  that  ethnic  superstitions,  dogmas,  and  priestcraft  are 
certainly  doomed  among  the  intelligent.  It  does  not  take  long  for  the 
attitude  of  the  intelligent  to  become  that  of  the  masses.  Almost  every 
element  of  the  old  non-Christian  religions  is  slowly  disintegrating  and 
crumbling.  Caste,  which  has  been  thought  to  be  impregnable,  is 
slowly  giving  way,  and  this  joint  family  system  of  India  and  the  East 
is  beginning  to  topple.  Polytheism,  pantheism,  the  old  elements  of 
the  faith  of  Hinduism,  Confucianism,  Buddhism,  and  Islam  have 
been  weakened  and  undermined.  This  is  supremely  interesting  when 
we  remember  that  Hinduism  and  its  system  of  caste  is  the  great  anti- 
social ideal,  the  deepest  denial  of  the  value  of  personality  and  of 
human  brotherhood  that  has  ever  been  devised.  It  depresses  the 
individual  by  denying  the  worth  of  his  personality,  and  destroys  the 
possibility  of  the  larger  fraternity.  Its  fruits  in  infant  marriage,  in 
the  prohibition  of  widow  marriage,  and  in  the  manifold  social  condi- 
tions in  India  are  conspicuous.  The  social  forces  which  are  making 
their  way  into  the  countries  of  the  East  are  battling  mightily  against 
the  antisocial  forces.  All  elements  of  the  ethnic  religions  that 
throttle  the  sense  of  the  value  of  personality,  and  make  brotherhood 
impossible,  are  being  weakened  by  world-wide  moral  and  spiritual 
movements.  Great  reforms  are  going  on.  and  a  slow  but  sure  moral- 
ization  of  social,  governmental,  and  commercial  activities  is  taking 
place.  Altruistic  impulses  are  being  awakened  in  multitudes  of  per- 
sons, and  in  national  social  consciousness.     Natures  hitherto  callous 


167 


The  Judson  Centennial 


are  beginning  to  respond  to  the  softening  influences  of  the  spirit  of 
service.  By  evangelism  and  education  Christian  missions  have  intro- 
duced a  new  social  consciousness,  and  a  movement  for  social  service. 
Text-books  have  been  provided  even  for  non-Christian  students  and 
inquirers  to  guide  them  in  their  increasing  efforts  for  social  better- 
ment, for  outcasts,  the  sick,  the  famine  sufferers,  industrial  workers, 
and  the  welfare  of  village  communities.  There  is  the  belief  that 
national  life  must  be  strong  ethically  if  either  the  older  ideals  which 
these  nations  have  received  from  the  past  are  to  be  realized,  or  the 
new  ideals  which  they  are  borrowing  from  the  West  are  to  become 
effective.  Who  can  fail  to  be  stirred  by  the  efforts  of  the  Japanese  to 
introduce  a  strong  ethical  element  into  th.eir  education?  In  this 
attempt  they  have  asked  the  help  of  Christians.  In  India  the  non- 
Christian  portion  of  communities  is  trying  to  strengthen  and  develop 
the  moral  life  of  these  communities,  especially  through  moral  educa- 
tion in  the  schools.  There  seem  to  be  evident  manifold  effects  of 
the  universal  presence  and  activity  of  God  inspiring  a  growing 
love  and  hope. 

No  one  can  face  this  new  stirring  of  life  in  non-Christian  lands 
without  being  profoundly  moved  and  becoming  convinced  that  God 
is  at  work  in  his  world.  He  who  made  all  the  nations  of  the  earth 
to  seek  after  him,  if  perchance  they  might  find  him,  is  stimulating  the 
groping  of  his  children  after  himself.  The  Light  that  lighteth  every 
man  that  cometh  into  the  world  is  still  illuminating  dark  hearts. 
What  we  really  face  in  these  non-Christian  lands  is  our  own  Western 
civilization  making  its  advance,  with  all  that  it  includes.  The 
solidarity  of  the  world  is  revealed  before  our  eyes.  All  social  forces 
that  we  know  here  are  either  at  work  in  these  lands  or  soon  will  be. 
Christianity,  and  science,  and  all  that  has  human  value  will  go  into 
non-Christian  lands.  We  who  rejoice  that  God  has  led  us  hitherto  are 
to  see  his  leading  of  other  nations,  and  should  contribute  our  experi- 
ences to  make  more  easy  the  work  of  our  heavenly  Father  as  through 
the  use  of  world  forces  he  tries  to  bring  his  lost  children  into  fel- 
lowship with  himself. 

This  august  sight  constitutes  the  unity  of  Christian  work  at  home 
and  abroad.  Life  is  essentially  the  same  everywhere.  Our  great 
human  nature,  created  by  God  for  his  indwelling,  does  not  vary  in 
its  personal  and  social  aspects  according  to  geographical  location. 
Traditions,  heredity,  education  may  produce  types  of  life  which  seem 
to  be  far  apart.  Nevertheless,  traditions  do  give  place  to  realities. 
Heredity  will  change  with  the  increase  of  generations.     Education  by 

i68 


The  Judson  Centennial 


its  unfolding  of  the  possibilities  of  human  life  will  cause  to  drop 
off  what  is  temporary  and  useless  by  the  development  of  what  is 
everlasting  and  fruitful.  Moreover,  underneath  all  these  varieties  of 
type  there  is  the  same  fundamental  imageship  to  God  in  human 
personality,  the  same  great  social  forces  of  love  and  interdependence, 
and  the  same  universal  inborn  moral  forces  of  conscience,  and  the 
capacity  to  know  God  which  hungers  to  be  filled.  These  things  make 
for  God  and  the  enthronement  of  our  Lord  Jesus  Christ  everywhere. 
Christianity  inevitably  produces  a  closer  relation  between  all  the 
nations  of  the  earth.  Its  task  everywhere  is  to  exalt  human  person- 
ality in  its  relation  to  God,  and  to  Christianize  all  the  social  aspects 
of  human  life. 

b.  In  short,  we  see  a  great  tidal  wave  of  democracy  rushing  in 
upon  lands  where  personality  has  been  suppressed  by  absolute  mon- 
archy or  oligarchy  in  politics,  by  aristocracy  in  learning  and  society, 
by  the  prevalence  of  caste  which  has  dug  abysses  between  brothers, 
by  all  the  foes  which  have  robbed  men  of  their  sense  of  their  own 
value  and  of  the  consciousness  of  their  value  to  God.  This  mighty 
spirit  of  democracy,  now  at  work  in  our  own  lands  battling  against 
everything  undemocratic,  is  beginning  to  work  in  all  realms  in  non- 
Christian  lands. 

One  word  describes  the  nature  of  the  social  forces  that  produce 
these  upheavals.  It  is  the  democratization  of  the  peoples  of  the  earth. 
This  is  the  spirit  of  the  new  science  that  has  brought  untold  blessings 
to  us,  and  will  bring  them  to  non-Christian  lands,  for  the  search  for 
reahty  is  conditioned  upon  the  soul's  trust  of  itself  to  get  reality. 
It  is  the  soul's  intellectual  self-respect.  The  economic  democracy 
that  is  surely  coming  is  likewise  the  soul's  self-respect  protesting 
against  the  privileges  of  the  few,  and  insisting  upon  the  right  of 
every  human  being  to  the  possession  of  whatever  the  proper  exer- 
cise of  his  own  powers  can  acquire.  The  democratization  of  industry 
is  our  nev/est  problem,  but  it  is  only  the  effort  to  assert  man's  worth 
in  the  realm  of  toil.  The  governmental  upheavals  going  on  all  over 
the  world,  in  lands  too  many  to  name,  are  due  to  the  citizen's  con- 
sciousness of  his  worth  to  society,  his  insistence  upon  being  heard  in 
the  affairs  that  bear  upon  his  welfare,  and  upon  the  peace  and  order 
in  the  community  in  which  he  is  a  factor.  Last  February  fifty  thou- 
sand people  assembled  in  a  park  in  the  vicinity  of  the  Parliament 
Buildings  in  Tokyo  as  a  demonstration  to  the  National  Chamber  that 
was  about  to  vote  on  an  important  question.  Man  is  slowly  arising 
into  the  ideal  of  self-government  under  the  inspiration  of  this  spirit 

169 


The  Judson  Centennial 


of  democracy.  Thrones  are  destined  to  fall.  Titles  and  ranks  are 
doomed  to  end.  Disgust  with  priesthood,  contempt  for  monarchy  and 
oligarchy  in  religion,  indignation  at  the  arrogance  of  any  human 
being  or  any  collection  of  them  that  presumes  to  stand  between  the 
soul  and  God,  is  the  spirit  that  is  overthrowing  hoary  systems  that 
have  rested  upon  the  claims  of  a  privileged  few  to  intervene  between 
God  and  man.  The  whole  world  in  Christian  and  non-Christian  lands 
alike  is  fermenting  with  this  spirit.  Men  are  beginning  to  have  their 
way.  If  the  profane  call  it  Zeitgeist,  the  believer  in  our  Jehovah 
God  must  call  it  the  Holy  Spirit,  for  it  is  the  power  that  is  working 
out  the  ideal  of  Jesus  concerning  the  worth  of  man.  Man  himself  is 
slowly  but  surely  coming  to  the  consciousness  of  his  value  to  God,  to 
society,  and  to  himself. 

III.  If  now  we  compare  the  genius  of  our  Baptist  brotherhood  with 
the  secret  of  the  social  forces  now  at  work  in  non-Christian  lands, 
we  shall  be  struck  with  the  fact  that  the  two  are  one  and  the  same. 
The  exaltation  of  personality  is  the  inspiration  of  democracy,  and  it 
is  the  very  genius  of  our  Baptist  brotherhood.  The  world  has  never 
seen  anything  more  opportune  than  the  existence  of  millions  of 
Christians  who  stand  for  the  exaltation  of  personality  in  religion  at 
the  very  time  when  the  whole  seething,  fermenting  world  is  strug- 
gling for  the  exaltation  of  personality  in  the  political,  the  economic,  the 
intellectual,  and  the  moral  life.  What  more  solemn  consciousness 
could  inspire  us  than  our  possession  in  the  religious  realm  of  the 
identical  secret  that  is  transforming  the  world  before  our  eyes? 
What  a  glorious  message  we  have  for  non-Christian  lands !  Could 
anything  more  perfectly  harmonize  with  the  experiences  through 
which  they  are  passing  than  the  tidings  that  we  above  all  others 
can  bring?  God  honors  personality  in  religion  just  as  the  world  is 
seeking  to  honor  and  exalt  it  in  every  region  of  life.  Our  message 
has  vitality.  Our  service  is  timely  to  a  marvelous  degree.  Our 
Christian  evangel  is  disentangled  from  traditions  at  a  time  when  the 
world  is  breaking  away  from  them  in  all  realms.  We  rely  upon  a 
foundation  of  reality  in  religion  at  the  very  time  when  the  world  is 
passionately  seeking  for  realities  everywhere.  We  insist  upon  life  at 
the  very  time  when  the  world's  hunger  for  life  is  more  intense  than 
at  any  other  period  in  human  history.  Our  work  dovetails  into  all 
the  movements  in  which  our  fellow  m.en  are  now  engaged.  It  empha- 
sizes just  what  they  are  emphasizing.  It  weaves  religion  into  daily 
life  and  gives  it  a  chance  to  influence  the  educational,  political,  and 
economic  interests  of  life  as  no  other  conception   of  religion   could 


170 


The  Judson  Centennial 


possibly  do.  Indeed,  it  unites  religion  with  all  regions  of  life,  and 
asks  men  in  their  relation  to  God  to  live  in  precisely  the  same 
freedom  and  glory  of  personality  in  which  they  are  seeking  to  live 
in  their  relations  to  one  another  in  all  departments  of  life. 

Furthermore,  it  fits  into  all  the  social  developments  now  above 
the  horizon.  Our  democratic  organization,  our  emphasis  upon  the 
equality  of  all  men  before  God,  our  mutual  respect  for  one  another's 
personalities,  our  use  of  exclusively  moral  means  for  a  change  of 
human  life,  opinions,  and  relations,  are  all  based  upon  our  exaltation 
of  personality,  which  is  likewise  the  very  secret  of  the  new  democracy 
and  of  the  changing  social  relations  which  inevitably  are  to  occur  in 
non-Christian  lands.  Our  own  century  will  witness  changes  beyond 
any  of  our  dreams  in  politics,  education,  and  economics.  If  in  re- 
ligious work  we  can  implant  in  the  hearts  of  men  the  very  principle 
that  is  to  work  out  all  these  changes  at  home  and  abroad,  we  shall  see 
equally  striking  moral  changes  in  humanity.  Never  did  our  Baptist 
principle  shine  so  gloriously  as  to-day.  It  is  transfigured  anew  upon 
the  mountain  of  achievement  which  humanity  is  building.  It  is  at 
the  summit  of  all  our  attainments  in  education,  economics,  and  self- 
government.  The  same  exaltation  of  personality  must  stand  there, 
radiant  in  the  light  our  heavenly  Father  is  shedding  to  guide  his  chil- 
dren in  their  majestic  development  of  themselves,  and  their  conse- 
quent increasing  communion  with  himself. 

IV.  In  view  of  this  unique  position  of  Baptists,  what  general 
principles  should  control  them  in  their  future  work  in  non-Christian 
lands  ? 

I.  They  should  aim  to  implant  in  the  hearts  of  all  men  the  spirit  of 
Christianity,  and  trust  those  who  receive  it  in  their  own  development. 
Ecclesiastical  mechanics,  whose  ideal  is  to  build  denominational  struc- 
tures rather  than  to  develop  spiritual  life,  might  glibly  answer  that 
denominational  propagandism  is  our  duty  abroad  as  at  home.  They 
reason  that  human  nature  is  the  same  all  the  world  over,  that  the 
expressions  of  Christian  life  are  unalterably  fixed  by  a  sacred  au- 
thority, and  that  methods  of  work  must  be  identical  everywhere. 
Such  reasoning  ignores  the  vast  differences  between  peoples  in  history 
and  in  temperament,  fails  to  distinguish  between  denominational  in- 
crease at  home  and  the  evangelism  of  a  foreign  people,  exalts 
secondary  things  above  spiritual  fundamentals,  and  forgets  the  divine 
principle  of  adaptation  on  which  God  insists  from  the  incarnation 
down  to  the  smallest  detail  of  efficient  work.  Life  is  primary  and 
greater  than  any  expressions  of  it.     It  is  to  be  feared  that  not  a  few 


171 


The  Judson  Centennial 


regard  foreign  mission  work  as  the  transplanting  of  Western  de- 
nominational distinctions  into  foreign  soil.  Such  an  ideal  will  yield 
only  religious  exotics.  Indigenous  plants  are  not  so  produced.  It  is 
both  unwise  and  futile  to  export  our  schisms.  The  preaching,  teach- 
ing, and  living  of  the  spirit  of  Jesus  Christ  is  all  that  is  necessary. 
Its  inherent  democracy  will  ultimately  take  care  of  all  the  rest.  We 
must  trust  the  Spirit  of  God  with  his  own  work  in  sincere  hearts, 
no  matter  to  what  race  they  belong.  The  kingdom  of  God  is  love, 
joy,  righteousness,  and  peace  in  the  Holy  Spirit,  and  not  such  external 
matters  as  eating  and  drinking.  The  spiritual  luxuries  that  compose 
the  kingdom  are  exactly  what  heathenism  as  well  as  civilization 
needs.  Everywhere  to  evangelize  is  more  important  than  to  de- 
nominationalize. 

If  any  one  object  that  such  a  principle  of  work  is  dangerous,  our 
answer  is  twofold :  first,  our  Baptist  ideal  compels  it ;  and  secondly,  it 
was  the  method  of  our  Lord  and  of  his  apostles.  Our  ideals  force 
us  to  this  principle.  We  cannot  in  the  same  breath  exalt  personality 
in  religion  and  declare  that  we  must  control  it.  We  cannot  both 
grant  it  freedom  and  then  distrust  it.  Such  infidelity  to  our  Baptist 
ideal  would  neutralize  our  efficiency.  Again,  it  was  the  method  of 
Christ.  His  message  is  that  God  forgives  men  when  they  forsake 
their  sins  and  turn  to  him.  He  trusts  them.  He  thus  trusts  us  now. 
Immanuel  told  us  this,  and  practised  it  himself.  Never  was  there 
a  more  unpromising  field  for  divine  trust  than  the  hearts  of  the 
men  to  whom  Jesus  committed  his  cause.  Those  who  know  the  first 
custodians  of  the  new  life  well  understand  that  the  basis  for  the 
confidence  of  the  Master  in  their  development  was  not  very  assuring 
apart  from  the  guidance  of  the  Holy  Spirit.  But  God  trusted  them. 
This  is  his  way  of  unfolding  life  and  of  developing  fellowship.  With 
all  reverence  we  say  that  we  can  think  of  no  other  way  in  which 
genuine  spiritual  life  and  true  fellowship  could  be  produced.  And 
those  who  through  our  Lord  received  life  from  God  did  precisely 
as  the  Giver  of  the  life  did.  They  went  everywhere  calling  others  to 
it,  and  trusting  men  who  opened  their  hearts  to  receive  it.  Judaizing 
brethren  from  Jerusalem  could  see  no  safety  for  the  new  religion 
unless  it  was  safeguarded  by  traditions  which  had  been  part  of  their 
early  life.  We  owe  an  unspeakable  debt  to  Paul  for  resisting  such 
mistaken  solicitude.  But  for  him,  so  far  as  we  can  see,  Christianity 
would  have  remained  a  mere  sect  of  Judaism,  and  could  not  have 
become  the  universal  and  final  religion.  His  method  was  to  put  the 
spirit  of  Christ  into  the  hearts  of  Asiatics  and  Europeans  and  trust 

172 


The  Judson  Centennial 


that  spirit  to  work  out  itself  in  terms  of  their  own  personalities  and 
race  life.  The  early  church  imposed  no  other  burden  on  the  pagan 
Gentiles  than  their  refusal  to  acknowledge  idols  and  their  abstinence 
from  vice.  Our  plain  duty  is  to  take  this  life  to  the  world,  believing 
that  the  Spirit  of  God  will  open  human  hearts  to  receive  it,  to  seek 
to  produce  spiritual  reality  in  the  souls  of  men  everywhere,  and  then 
to  trust  them.  Since  God  deals  immediately  with  his  creatures,  ex- 
pects from  them  response  to  the  truth,  has  made  truth  and  the  human 
soul  for  each  other,  we  are  obliged  to  do  with  others  what  God  has 
done  for  us.  We  must  trust  our  fellow  men  because  God  trusts  them. 
We  must  let  each  soul  that  has  truly  found  God  give  its  own  expres- 
sion to  its  consciousness  of  sonship  to  the  heavenly  Father.  We,  least 
of  all  Christians,  dare  deny  the  right  of  every  person  and  nation  to 
interpret  God  as  revealed  in  Christ.  Even  foreigners  have  the  right 
to  utter  their  own  consciousness  of  God  in  their  own  ways,  and  to 
group  themselves  according  to  their  own  social  natures,  and  thus 
show  to  their  fellow  men  both  the  personal  and  social  power  of  the 
God  who  has  come  into  their  lives. 

2.  We  must  emphasize  the  vitalities  of  Christian  experience  rather 
than  secondary  matters.  Our  ecclesiastical  divisions  have  arisen  over 
theologies,  or  human  interpretation  of  divine  realities;  over  ecclesi- 
asticism.  or  human  expression  of  Christian  life  socially;  over  cere- 
monies, or  expressions  of  Christian  life  in  forms.  Beneath  all  these 
variations  there  is  one  common  experience  of  the  life  of  God. 
Christian  statesmen  generally  agree  that  these  secondary  matters 
should  be  left  in  the  background  in  our  efforts  to  evangelize  non- 
Christian  lands.  To-day,  as  historically,  the  experience  of  the  spirit 
of  Christ  is  first,  and  matters  of  theology,  ecclesiasticism,  and  cere- 
mony are  second.  This  is  true  of  every  child  that  comes  into  our 
churches  from  Christian  homes,  and  of  nearly  every  adult.  Whether 
we  like  it  or  not  it  is  God's  way  that  every  age  and  people  shall  give 
its  own  form  to  Christianity.  Only  so  can  it  become  universal,  suit 
itself  to  every  nation,  and  spiritualize  mankind  whom  God  is  develop- 
ing through  countless  generations.  All  our  ecclesiasticisms  are  de- 
velopments, the  fruits  of  historical  evolutions.  Why  not  to  the  very 
end  of  time  trust  the  Spirit  of  God  to  yield  just  as  many  phases  of  life 
as  he  pleases,  believing  that  ultimately,  as  Christian  men  come  to 
know  their  own  worth,  the  democracy  inherent  in  the  teaching  of 
our  Lord  will  prevail  ?  There  are  signs  that  no  form  of  ecclesiasti- 
cism now  prevailing  will  endure  without  modification.  Is  it  a  mark  of 
faith  or  of  fear  to  go  abroad  with  ecclesiastical  molds  into  which  we 

173 


The  Judson  Centennial 


seek  to  compress  life  so  alien  to  our  own?  We  must  have  faith  to 
wait,  and  to  believe  that  God  himself,  as  fast  as  he  is  allowed  to  do 
so,  will  work  out  in  human  life  what  is  best  for  that  life.  The  same 
is  true  of  ceremonialism.  Hardly  any  rite  could  be  so  strongly 
entrenched  in  religion  as  was  the  one  the  Judaizing  missionaries 
sought  to  impose  upon  early  Gentile  Christians.  In  his  letter  to  the 
Galatians  the  great  champion  of  liberty  argues  that  no  rite  is  of  the 
essence  of  religion,  but  that  the  renewal  of  the  creature  is  the  only 
thing  that  avails  with  God.  No  doubt  the  Oriental  mind  finds  use 
for  ceremonialism,  but  we  should  not  forget  that  it  is  now  precisely 
in  the  East,  as  it  was  with  Judaism,  that  ornate  forms  have  prac- 
tically displaced  vital  religion,  that  ceremonies  are  more  valued 
than  moral  realities.  How  can  the  churches  of  foreign  lands  exercise 
the  liberty  wherewith  Christ  makes  them  free,  and  yet  not  establish 
forms  whose  grotesqueness  or  ascendency  may  imperil  the  life  they 
receive?  Our  only  answer  to  that  question  is  that  we  and  they  alike 
must  trust  the  Spirit  of  God  in  this  as  in  all  other  matters.  Only 
the  spirit  of  broad  sympathy,  only  real  spiritual  insight  is  competent 
to  deal  with  this  question.  It  must  be  worked  out  progressively. 
"  Solvit ur  in  amhulando  "  is  the  maxim  we  must  cherish.  The  same 
is  true  of  interpretations  of  spiritual  realities.  Surely  when  we  are 
patient  with  all  the  theologies  that  have  composed  the  long  proces- 
sion since  the  Apostolic  age,  and  with  the  many  varieties  that  now 
exist,  we  should  not  become  too  anxious  to  imprint  any  special  label 
upon  the  foreign  mind.  It  is  nothing  short  of  a  crime  to  seek  to 
impose  from  the  outside  what  can  have  no  reality  to  the  mind  upon 
which  it  has  been  mistakenly  imposed.  Only  when  theologies  are 
rooted  in  personal  experience  can  they  be  genuine  interpretations 
of  holy  things. 

Phillips  Brooks,  after  his  trip  around  the  world,  declared  that  the 
saddest  sight  he  saw  was  not  the  darkness  and  vice  of  heathenism, 
appalling  as  that  was,  but  the  vision  of  Anglican  missionaries  trans- 
lating Pearson's  commentary  on  the  creed  into  Japanese,  in  the  hope 
that  such  literature  would  convert  Nippon.  We  may  be  one  in 
heart  but  differ  in  thinking.  The  metal  is  not  lost  because  after 
printing  one  book  it  is  melted  and  recast  into  plates  for  another.  All 
these  matters  we  may  safely  leave  to  lives  controlled  by  the  spirit 
of  Christ.  That  was  the  ideal  of  the  early  Church.  It  was  looking 
for  the  speedy  return  of  the  Master.  While  it  interpreted  the  divine 
life  in  its  own  thought  forms,  organized  itself  as  the  expediency  of 
the  time  indicated,  and  expressed  itself  as  best  it  could,  it  believed 


1/4 


The  Judson  Centennial 


that  all  these  things  were  only  temporary  until  the  Lord  himself 
should  return  to  set  up  his  kingdom.  How,  then,  can  those  things 
that  were  of  so  little  importance  in  that  age  be  of  such  vital  conse- 
quence now?  Over  and  over  we  need  to  remember  that  the  Chris- 
tian life  is  not  a  gem  but  a  germ.  That  it  is  not  a  jewel  once  for  all 
delivered  to  an  organization  governed  by  a  properly  constituted 
hierarchy,  but  a  life  that  God  imparts  to  every  open  soul  that  craves 
it.  That  life  by  its  very  nature  must  be  as  varied  in  utterance  as 
the  persons  who  have  it,  as  manifold  in  its  expressions  as  the  indi- 
viduals who  realize  it,  the  changing  world  in  successive  generations, 
and  the  races  in  which  it  dwells.  We  have  learned  very  little  about 
God's  way  with  men  unless  we  have  discovered  that. 

3.  We  should  expect  to  see  and  welcome  new  phases  of  Christian 
life  produced  by  the  spirit  of  Christ  in  the  hearts  of  different  races. 
How  different  they  are  from  us!  In  this  also  we  can  well  afford 
to  imitate  God  by  trusting  the  heavenly  treasure  to  earthen  vessels 
even  though  these  vessels  are  not  made  of  American  clay.  The 
original  vessels  were  not  of  that  material.  After  a  century  of 
study  we  are  yet  puzzling  ourselves  over  peculiarities  of  foreign 
personalities,  traditions,  view-points,  and  customs.  We  are  still 
wondering  how  we  can  effectively  give  our  vital  message  to  men 
whose  race  past,  historical  heritages,  surroundings,  and  attitudes 
are  so  diverse  from  ours. 

May  it  not  be  that  what  seems  to  us  to  be  heathen  impenetrability 
is  God's  preventive  against  the  reproduction  of  our  own  partial  and 
imperfect  incarnation  of  the  divine  life?  Why  compel  the  Asiatic 
or  the  African  to  reproduce  the  Teutonic,  Anglican,  or  American 
types  of  Christianity?  Expressions  of  Christianity  are  to  its  essence 
what  words  are  to  thoughts.  They  are  conventional,  the  product  of 
age-long  experiences.  We  should  as  soon  try  to  thrust  our  vocabu- 
lary, our  syntax,  or  our  prosody  upon  them  as  seek  to  impose  upon 
them  expressions  of  the  Christ-life  that  have  taken  centuries  to 
develop  among  ourselves.  The  same  thought  finds  expression  in  the 
words  of  many  languages,  no  two  of  which  sound  alike.  Behind  all 
acoustic  variations  there  will  be  oneness  of  intellectual  significance. 
This  is  what  makes  possible  conversation  between  those  whose  mother 
tongues  differ.  This  fact  underlies  all  efforts  to  give  our  holy 
Scriptures  to  mankind.  It  is  not  transliteration  but  translation  that 
we  seek,  not  transplanting  of  externals,  but  impartation  of  life.  Many 
of  the  externals  of  our  type  of  Christianity  set  upon  foreign  peoples 
as    Saul's   armor    fitted    David.      In    the    constantly    recurring   battle 


175 


The  Judson  Centennial 


between  conventionality  and  originality  in  all  regions  of  life  those 
immortal  words  of  the  young  spirit  that  craved  only  his  own  way 
when  he  threw  off  the  war-garments  of  another  are  worth  remem- 
bering, "  I  cannot  go  in  these."  We  should  not  expect  Orient  and 
Occident  to  go  in  the  same  accouterment. 

Like  languages,  nations  are  idiomatic.  Christianity  demands  free- 
dom to  express  itself  in  the  idiom  of  every  national  life.  So  far 
from  insisting  upon  expressions  that  have  crystallized  through  cen- 
turies of  sway  over  our  own  lives,  we  should  rejoice  with  exceeding 
joy  at  all  variations  of  human  expression  of  the  manifold  grace  of 
God  revealed  in  our  Lord  Jesus  Christ.  We  have  before  us  com- 
bustibles of  different  kinds — wood,  hay,  carbon,  chemicals.  We  light 
them  all  with  the  same  torch.  All  burn,  and  have  the  properties  of 
combustion,  light,  heat,  and  chemical  action.  But  how  different  the 
flames !  So  it  is  with  the  religious  natures  of  the  world.  The  spirit 
of  Jesus  will  set  all  afire,  but  there  will  be  manifold  race  flames,  a 
variety  of  different  illuminations  by  the  one  heavenly  Fire.  In  the 
oratorio  of  redemption  which  is  being  composed  in  this  world  by  the 
life  of  the  Holy  Spirit  in  the  hearts  of  men,  there  are  more  varieties 
of  human  notes  than  any  of  us  can  conceive.  Least  of  all  is  that 
oratorio  of  the  redemption  by  the  blood  of  Jesus  Christ  a  monotone, 
in  which  all  nations  and  individuals  are  to  chant  the  same  note, 
and  that  the  Baptist  note.  In  it  will  be  the  American,  the  English, 
the  African,  the  Asiatic,  and  the  Malayan  phrases.  In  each  of  these 
phrases  there  may  be  denominational  chords  in  which  each  body  of 
Christians  makes  its  own  harmony.  But  in  each  chord  there  will  be 
the  note  of  the  individual  life.  The  individual  notes  shall  express  the 
personal  life,  the  various  chords  the  national  phrases,  but  it  will 
take  all  the  saints  throughout  the  ages  with  all  their  marvelously 
variant  phrases,  chanting  the  manifold  grace  of  our  God,  to  compose 
the  great  oratorio  of  redemption :  "  Worthy  is  the  Lamb  that  has  been 
slain  to  receive  the  power,  and  riches,  and  wisdom,  and  might,  and 
honor,  and  glory,  and  blessing.  And  every  created  thing  which  is 
in  the  heaven,  and  on  the  earth,  and  under  the  earth,  and  on  the  sea, 
and  all  things  that  are  in  them,  I  heard  saying.  To  him  who  sits 
upon  the  throne,  and  the  Lamb,  be  the  blessing,  and  the  honor,  and 
the  glory,  and  the  dominion,  for  ever  and  ever."  (Amer.  R.  V.,  Rev. 
5  :  12,  13.)  All  saints  are  needed  to  comprehend  the  length,  breadth, 
and  height,  and  to  know  the  love  of  God  that  passes  knowledge, 
precisely  because  no  one  saint,  nor  any  denominational  group  of  saints 
can  completely  express  the  infinite  love  of  God.    No  type  of  religious 

176 


The  Judson  Centennial 


experience  exhausts  God.  No  human  expression  of  God's  life,  either 
personal  or  national,  can  monopolize  God's  revelation  of  himself. 

4.  We  must  put  increased  emphasis  upon  the  necessity  for  native 
workers  to  evangelize  their  own  races,  and  must  vastly  enlarge  our 
educational  facilities  for  training  them.  This  is  only  a  corollary 
from  what  .we  have  been  saying.  In  native  leadership  we  are  dis- 
tressingly weak  in  nearly  all  our  foreign  fields.  Other  denominations 
surpass  us  here.  No  country  can  or  will  be  evangelized  to  any  large 
extent  by  foreigners.  Christianity  must  forever  seem  to  the  native 
to  be  exotic  until  it  is  proved  to  be  indigenous  by  the  life  and  zeal 
of  native  leaders  and  churches.  Missionary  work  is  more  than  a 
matter  of  merely  learning  the  languages  and  customs  of  foreign 
peoples  and  preaching  to  them.  It  reaches  into  the  very  secrets  of 
life  peculiar  to  the  races  we  wish  to  affect.  The  inability  of  a 
foreigner  to  understand  us  so  thoroughly  that  he  can  talk  to  us  in 
terms  of  our  national  peculiarities  is  duplicated  in  the  experiences 
of  every  missionary  we  have  ever  sent  abroad.  No  one  but  a  man 
can  understand  the  spirit  of  a  man.  No  one  but  a  native  can  under- 
stand the  spirit  of  his  nation.  Paul's  sincere  effort  to  remain  a  Jew 
to  Jews,  to  become  a  Greek  to  the  Greeks,  and  a  barbarian  to  the 
barbarians  had  its  limitations.  Only  Christ  is  the  universal  man. 
Judaism  was  leavened  by  Jewish  Christians.  In  each  center  of  the 
Mediterranean  world  was  the  little  group  of  disciples  that  quietly 
lived  its  own  life  and  gradually  infused  its  spirit  and  ideals  into  the 
different  races.  The  points  of  tangency  to  non-Christian  peoples 
must  be  vastly  multiplied  by  increasing  the  number  of  native  workers. 
Every  consideration  of  efficiency  demands  this. 

Therefore,  our  educational  appliances  must  be  tremendously 
strengthened  without  at  all  disturbing  our  evangelistic  and  philan- 
thropic work.  Church  history  shows  us  that  it  has  been  only  after 
intelligent  native  workers  in  any  nation  have  been  multiplied,  and 
there  have  arisen  mighty  men  who  are  one  with  their  people  and 
know  them  thoroughly,  that  the  leaven  of  the  Christ-life  has  spread 
with  rapidity  and  power.  The  school  must  be  exalted  to  its  proper 
place.  No  longer  should  we  think  of  native  workers  as  mere  assist- 
ants to  our  missionaries.  No  longer  should  we  allow  the  peoples 
among  which  we  work  to  regard  native  preachers  as  simply  helping 
aliens  to  establish  a  foreign  religion.  So  long  as  native  preachers 
are  so  regarded  there  is  slim  chance  for  wide  influence.  Every  con- 
sideration of  patriotism  stands  in  the  way  of  their  effective  service. 
But  to  train  these  men  so  that  their  own  people  shall  recognize  them 


177 


The  Judson  Centennial 


as  leaders,  without  at  all  losing  the  sense  of  racial  solidarity,  is  to 
strengthen  their  power  immeasurably.  Thus  we  may  look  forward 
to  the  time  when  we  can  withdraw  from  work  in  a  given  field  only 
when  its  native  apostles  of  Christ  shall  have  been  developed. 

5.  We  should  cooperate  with  all  agencies  that  make  for  the  kmgdom 
of  God.  The  distinctions  that  divide  followers  of  Jesus  Christ  are 
trifling  compared  with  the  abysses  which  separate  Christianity  and 
heathenism.  Without  sacrifice  of  the  great  ideal  for  which  we  stand — 
the  exaltation  of  personality  in  religion,  and  the  consequent  demo- 
cratization of  the  religious  world — we  should  unite  with  our  fellow 
Christians  of  all  names  just  so  far  as  we  can.  If  the  living  Christ 
has  received  into  fellowship  with  himself  any  person  in  a  Christian  or 
non-Christian  land,  who  are  we  that  we  should  refuse  to  receive 
him  into  fellowship  with  ourselves?  If  God  is  working  in  any  man 
to  will  and  to  do  of  his  own  good  pleasure,  who  are  we  that  we 
should  not  work  with  such  a  man  to  accomplish  the  will  and  good 
pleasure  of  our  God  ?  More  and  more  we  must  recognize  the 
significant  fact  that  God  is  using  others  than  ourselves  to  help  him 
bring  his  lost  children  back  into  the  family  life  of  fellowship  with 
himself.  The  blessing  of  God  upon  their  efforts  should  shame  us 
out  of  our  fancied  monopoly  of  Christian  privilege.  The  divisions 
that  waste  and  shame  us  at  home  must  not  be  allowed  to  stand  in 
the  way  of  the  progress  of  the  foreign  mission  enterprise.  Let  us  not 
advertise,  much  less  emphasize,  before  the  heathen  the  scandal  of  our 
schisms.  Compared  with  a  man's  possession  of  Christ's  spirit  all 
other  things  sink  into  comparative  insignificance.  The  very  condi- 
tions of  work  in  foreign  fields  force  us  to  oneness  with  all  Christians. 
We  are  not  only  to  cease  our  criticisms  of  those  who  do  not  follow 
after  us,  but  are  to  join  with  them  in  casting  out  demons.  In  all 
hospital  work,  in  general  and  medical  and  even  theological  education, 
we  should  unite  with  other  Christians.  Indeed  it  would  be  hard  to 
indicate  the  limits  of  such  cooperation  upon  the  foreign  field.  Surely 
any  sane  consideration  of  the  situation  will  compel  such  a  union  of 
Christian  forces.  Only  where  our  vital  Baptist  principle  would  be 
compromised  should  we  dare  to  break  with  any  one  who  is  Christ's 
disciple. 

V.  If  we  be  asked  what  will  be  the  inevitable  reactions  of  such  a 
policy  upon  our  denominational  life  at  home,  we  can  confidently  point 
to  some  of  them,  and  others  we  cannot  see  must  be  left  to  the  Spirit 
of  God,  whose  leadings  we  shall  follow  with  perfect  safety  if  we  are 
wise.    There  is  no  doubt  that  the  policy  herein  advocated  will  compel 

178 


The  Judson  Centennial 


us  to  strengthen  to  the  utmost  our  denominational  Hfe  at  home.  We 
shall  be  forced  to  this  that  we  may  more  powerfully  spread  through- 
out the  earth  the  great  principle  which  justifies  our  denominational 
existence.  This  denominational  development  will  take  two  forms: 
education  and  concentration. 

I.  We  shall  be  compelled  to  educate  our  own  people  that  they  may 
thoroughly  understand  why  they  are  Baptists.  It  is  to  be  feared  that 
many  of  them  now  rest  upon  what  is  superficial  and  secondary, 
rather  than  upon  the  great  creative  idea  that  Jesus  brought,  and  which 
alone  justifies  us  in  remaining  separate  from  other  bodies  of  Chris- 
tians. All  other  characteristics  of  our  brotherhood  are  corollaries  of 
our  main  principle.  All  efforts  to  raise  money  for  foreign  mission 
work  should  also  lay  great  insistence  upon  our  Baptist  ideal  as  of 
the  very  essence  of  the  Christian  life,  as  worthy  of  spreading  to  the 
ends  of  the  earth,  and  as  justifying  by  its  results  all  the  outlay  we 
can  possibly  make  in  its  propagation.  It  should  stir  the  heart  of  every 
intelligent  Baptist  to  know  that  he  carries  within  his  own  soul  this 
spirit  of  kinship  with  humanity  struggling  throughout  the  world  to 
realize  all  its  possibilities  in  every  region  of  life.  It  should  stimu- 
late every  one  of  us  to  the  free,  unhesitating  proclamation  of  our 
principles.  We  should  preach  at  home  the  great  truth  that  we  are  at 
one  with  the  state  in  its  effort  to  make  every  citizen  intelligent,  that 
we  are  sympathetic  with  the  millions  of  toilers  who  are  struggling  for 
the  recognition  of  the  value  of  their  own  manhood  and  womanhood, 
that  we  stand  for  the  right  of  every  child  to  the  normal  life  of  a  child 
because  of  the  future  manhood  involved  in  the  rights  which  belong 
to  it.  It  should  make  us  champions  of  all  social  movements  that  exalt 
personality  and  emphasize  its  worth.  It  should  compel  us  above  all 
others  to  be  loyal  to  our  governmental  institutions  which  are  built 
politically  upon  exactly  the  same  foundation  upon  which  our  religious 
ideas  rest.  The  door  at  home  is  open  wide  for  a  ministry  to  our  own 
country  which  fits  into  all  the  movements  which  now  agitate  society. 
Have  we  the  courage  to  proclaim  and  live  our  loyalty  to  our  principle 
in  our  relation  to  all  these  movements  at  home? 

It  is  because  we  are  not  strong  enough  Baptists  that  we  are  not 
sufficiently  enthusiastic  in  our  missionary  work.  Our  Baptist  ship  of 
Zion  too  often  has  been  stuck  upon  the  shallows  of  ceremonies  and 
ecclesiasticism  rather  than  riding  upon  the  great  deep  of  our  genuine 
Baptist  ideal.  We  have  not  risen  to  our  opportunity.  We  have 
been  more  concerned  with  ordinances  that  are  beautiful  and  noble 
expressions  of  the  great  reality  for  which  we  stand  than  with  the 


M  179 


The  Judson  Centennial 


reality  itself.  We  have  not  felt  the  supreme  importance  of  spreading 
that  reality  to  the  ends  of  the  earth.  We  need  more  than  ever  a  de- 
nominational revival  that  shall  make  every  Baptist  exalt  his  own 
personality,  and  proclaim  the  worth  of  every  human  being  in  the  heart 
of  God.  We  seek  the  democratization  of  the  world  in  religion, 
with  all  that  it  implies.  Only  this  will  produce  adequate  denomina- 
tional enthusiasm.  Only  this  will  quicken  our  missionary  interest. 
Every  Baptist  who  can  be  led  to  appreciate  his  glorious  privileges 
will  wish  for  every  human  being  either  at  home  or  abroad  the  same 
joys  he  has.  As  the  basis  of  advance  in  our  missionary  enterprises  lies 
this  education  of  ourselves.  Until  we  come  to  know  that  we  have 
something  worth  spreading  over  all  the  earth  we  shall  never  worthily 
undertake  its  propagation.  Let  our  leaders  show  our  constituency 
that  precisely  what  we  stand  for  in  religion  is  exactly  what  is  taking 
place  at  home  and  in  non-Christian  lands  through  the  advent  and 
power  of  the  social  forces  that  are  already  working  everywhere.  Oh, 
the  wonderful  open  door  that  God  has  made  for  us !  We  have  nothing 
to  undo,  nothing  to  set  aside  in  order  to  go  through  that  door,  if  only 
our  denominational  leaders  and  teachers  shall  bring  our  own  people  to 
realize  to  its  fulness  the  glory  of  the  trust  that  God  has  placed  in  us. 
2.  We  must  also  develop  the  thorough  organization  of  our  denom- 
inational energies.  Our  ideal  prevents  any  authoritative  articulation 
of  our  churches  into  Associations,  State  Conventions,  and  national 
organizations.  At  first  sight  this  seems  to  be  a  disadvantage. 
Really  it  is  a  profound  and  unique  advantage.  No  power  could  equal 
that  which  will  come  to  us  when  we  are  of  one  mind  and  spirit  as  to 
our  mission  in  the  world,  when  underneath  all  personal  variations  of 
opinion,  behind  all  the  different  types  of  thought  and  life  that  indeed 
must  flourish  under  our  exaltation  of  personality,  there  is  the  unify- 
ing ideal  inherent  in  the  exaltation  of  personality.  We  must  bring 
together  our  churches  under  the  spell  of  this  vitality.  We  already 
have  the  framework  of  this  organization.  It  needs  to  be  vitalized 
from  top  to  bottom.  Nothing  can  vitalize  it  except  the  consciousness 
of  our  mission  and  of  its  necessity  to  the  religious  world.  Life 
comes  only  from  life.  To  this  work  we  must  solemnly  dedicate  our- 
selves. It  will  be  slow,  but  we  must  have  patience.  It  cannot  be 
done  in  a  day.  All  efforts  to  galvanize  our  great  constituency  into 
the  semblance  of  life  must  be  followed  by  reactions  that  must  retard 
our  progress.  For  victory  in  political  realms  it  is  possible  to  have 
organization  that  reaches  every  individual  voter  in  our  land.  It  is 
no  less  possible  for  our  Baptist  family,  for  the  sake  of  the  victory  of 

i8o 


The  Judson  Centennial 


its  interpretation  of  the  Christian  life,  that  means  vastly  more  for 
the  world  than  any  political  conquest,  to  organize  itself  so  that  every 
individual  Baptist  may  realize  the  meaning  of  his  religious  life  to 
mankind  and  do  his  part  in  the  enthronement  of  our  Lord  upon  the 
earth.  To  this  task  we  must  set  ourselves  at  once.  No  theory  of 
church  independence  can  be  biblical  or  Christian  that  claims  the  right 
to  ignore  obligations  of  the  most  holy  kind.  Salvation  is  not  isolation. 
It  is  service  in  union  with  all  other  saved  persons. 

This  is  my  message.  We  have  no  seer  to  look  into  coming  years 
and  picture  what  the  world  shall  become  during  our  century.  Yet 
all  of  us  may  be  conscious  of  direction,  and  even  see  the  goal  more  or 
less  dimly,  while  the  undulating  and  winding  road  thereto  may  be 
hidden.  We  know  that  mankind  needs  God,  that  the  heavenly  Father 
is  seeking  his  own  lost  sons  wherever  they  may  be.  We  know  that 
he  seeks  them  through  our  efforts  as  well  as  in  their  own  moral 
natures.  We  have  tried  to  indicate  some  of  the  inspiring  elements  in 
the  conditions  that  exist.  The  speaker  cannot  claim  infallibility. 
He  asks  only  the  same  privilege  that  he  accords  to  any  other  Bap- 
tist, the  right  to  state  the  facts  as  he  sees  them,  and  to  indicate  some 
ideals  for  our  work  that  grow  out  of  these  facts.  Only  God  knows 
the  issues.  On  one  thing  we  can  all  unite,  the  dedication  of  our- 
selves afresh  to  our  Lord  to  find  his  will  and  obey  it,  the  consecration 
of  ourselves  to  the  welfare  of  mankind  in  sympathy  with  our  Master's 
life,  and  the  life  of  love  for  the  precious  ideal  of  the  divine  life  that 
has  brought  us  into  being  as  a  brotherhood.  Surely  with  such  a 
spirit  within  us,  God  will  lead  us  into  richer  fields  of  service  for  men, 
and  enable  us  to  bring  a  little  nearer  the  great  day  for  which  we 
live  if  we  are  truly  living,  when  there  shall  be  enthroned  in  the  per- 
sonal lives  of  all  men,  and  in  their  relations  to  one  another,  the  glory 
of  the  Christ  who  loved  us  and  gave  himself  for  us. 


IV 

THE  BURMAN  CENTENNIAL 
By  Frank  M.  Goodchild,  D.  D. 

My  brief  address  is  simply  a  report.  The  making  of  a  report 
carries  with  it  the  privilege  and  almost  the  duty  of  being  dry. 

I  am  to  report  scenes  as  different  from  anything  we  are  familiar 
with   as  the  Orient  is  different  from  the  Occident.     By  an   appeal 

i8r 


The  Judson  Centennial 


to  your  ears  I  am  to  seek  to  make  you  realize  things  which  only 
the  eye  can  take  in.  I  am  to  try  to  bring  to  you  here  the  atmosphere 
of  a  land  ten  thousand  miles  away  and  very  foreign  to  ours;  the 
atmosphere  of  an  event  which,  though  it  is  called  a  centennial,  does 
not  occur  among  men  as  often  as  once  in  a  hundred  years.  To  do 
this  task  aright  one  needs  the  magician's  power  to  say,  "  Presto, 
change !  "  and  have  the  lines  of  this  building  and  the  people  as- 
sembled here  fade  out  of  sight,  and  the  lines  of  buildings  you  never 
have  seen  and  the  brown  faces  of  a  strange  people  take  their  place.  I 
am  not  a  wizard,  alas !  and  if  I  were  I  should  need  your  sympathetic 
cooperation  to  enable  me  to  work  such  a  trick  as  I  have  described. 

On  the  long  journey  we  took  before  we  reached  Burma  I  often 
wondered  what  the  celebration  would  be  like.  I  thought  of  the  two 
personalities  whose  exploits  for  God  we  were  to  celebrate.  They 
were  souls  of  noble  mold.  Nobody  doubts  their  greatness  now.  I 
thought  of  their  heroism  in  leaving  home  and  friends  and  bright 
prospects  in  New  England  to  go  to  an  unknown  people  for  Christ's 
sake.  I  thought  of  how  they  stepped  out  into  the  dark,  and  cut 
themselves  off  from  support  for  the  sake  of  obeying  a  simple  com- 
mand of  Christ.  I  wondered  how  many  people  of  culture  would  do 
that  to-day.  The  common  people  make  such  heroic  moral  decisions 
still.  These  hands  of  mine  have  led  down  into  the  baptismal  waters 
young  men  and  women  who  knew  that  by  that  act  they  were  shutting 
themselves  out  of  their  homes,  and  that  they  would,  on  account  of  it, 
be  mourned  as  dead  by  their  friends.  But  people  of  gentle  birth  and 
fine  culture  to-day  are  apt  to  feel  that  such  exact  obedience  is  quite 
unnecessary.  But  these  two  young  people,  a  hundred  years  ago,  felt 
the  obligation  to  make  conviction  and  action  agree.  Sailing  on  the 
Bay  of  Bengal,  I  entered  into  their  experience,  as  far  away  from 
home  and  friends,  on  the  ship  Caravan,  nearing  Calcutta,  they  re- 
solved upon  straightforward  obedience  to  Christ  no  matter  what  the 
consequence  might  be.  And  I  asked  myself  what  sort  of  a  celebra- 
tion such  splendid  people  as  that  deserved. 

I  thought  of  the  particular  event  we  were  to  celebrate.  It  was  a 
tremendous  enterprise  these  young  people  undertook.  They  were  not 
much  more  than  children  in  years  when  they  set  out  upon  it — 
Adoniram  Judson,  slight  of  build  and  of  boyish  appearance,  and 
Ann  Hasseltine,  a  mere  slip  of  a  girl,  but  beautiful  and  good.  He 
was  not  yet  twenty-five  years  old,  and  she  was  about  a  year  younger 
when  they  undertook  the  conquest  of  Burma  for  Christ.  They  felt 
the  tremendousness  of  the  task.     Their  hearts  almost  fainted  at  the 


182 


AMERICAN    JCDSON    PARTY   AT   RANGOON,    BURMA 


Fl  1  Jl       U.      M        LJ-^ux— gr 


JUliSUN    CENTEXMAL    CKI.KBRATIi  l.\-MEETIXG    IX    CLS111X(;    MEMuKIAI. 
HALL,    RANGOON 


The  Judson  Centennial 


outset.  They  had  been  so  buffeted  about  by  the  cruel  sea  and  by  yet 
more  cruel  men,  that  when  they  reached  Rangoon  there  seemed  little 
life  left  in  them.  Mrs.  Judson  was  so  weak  that  she  could  not  walk 
and  had  to  be  carried  into  the  city.  But  they  went  heroically  on 
none  the  less.  And  it  was  that  heroic  beginning  of  their  work  that 
people  gathered  from  all  parts  of  the  world  to  celebrate  in  that 
city  of  Rangoon  that  was  so  dispiriting  a  sight  when  they  first  looked 
upon  it.  And  I  asked  myself  what  sort  of  a  celebration  such  an 
event  as  that  deserved. 

Our  first  sight  of  the  people  for  whose  salvation  Judson  yearned, 
and  for  whom  he  and  the  splendid  women  associated  with  him  gave 
their  lives,  was  when  we  landed  at  Rangoon,  December  lo,  1913,  the 
very  morning  on  which  the  anniversary  exercises  began.  We  were 
scheduled  to  be  there  at  least  one  day  in  advance,  but  we  were 
delayed  at  Singapore.  The  boat  on  which  we  were  to  sail  had  been 
taken  off  for  repairs,  and  it  looked  as  though  we  might  miss  entirely 
the  celebration  we  had  gone  around  the  world  to  attend.  Some  of 
us  are  a  bit  old-fashioned,  and  are  in  the  habit  of  indulging  the  sort 
of  prayer  the  New  Testament  encourages,  and  so  one  evening  we 
had  a  prayer-meeting  in  the  hotel  at  Singapore,  and  the  burden  of 
some  of  the  petitions  was  that  some  way  might  be  devised  by 
which  we  might  reach  Rangoon  in  time  for  the  great  meetings.  That 
is  a  very  simple  sort  of  prayer.  It  is  a  prayer  of  the  class  that  Prof. 
William  James,  in  his  "  Varieties  of  Religious  Experiences,"  char- 
acterized as  of  the  "  crassest  petitional  order."  But  it  is  a  prayer 
that  gives  great  peace  to  the  heart,  and  it  achieves  great  results  as 
well.  "  There  are  more  things  in  heaven  and  earth,"  Professor 
James,  "  than  are  dreamed  of  in  your  philosophy."  At  the  time  of 
our  praying  the  prospects  for  reaching  Rangoon  in  time  were  gloomy 
indeed.  But  the  next  day  we  learned  that  the  steamship  company 
had  pressed  into  the  passenger  service  a  boat  that  had  been  given  to 
freight  traffic.  The  boat  was  well  fitted  up,  and  on  it  the  run  was 
quickly,  safely,  and  comfortably  made,  and  while  the  great  audience 
in  Gushing  Hall  was  singing  the  opening  hymn, 

O  God,  our  help  in  ages  past, 
Our  hope  for  years  to  come, 

the  Judson  party  marched  triumphantly  down  the  aisle  to  the  places 
reserved  for  them.  We  were  at  the  very  front  of  the  room,  but  no 
one  could  resist  the  impulse  to  turn  about  and  look  at  the  vast  throng. 
The  place  was  crowded — the  floor  was  full,  the  platform  was  full,  the 

183 


The  Judson  Centennial 


upper  windows  of  the  hall  were  filled  with  the  heads  of  people  who 
stood  on  the  roof  of  the  porch  that  runs  about  three  sides  of  the 
building.  It  was  a  great  sight.  The  native  people  were  there  in 
large  numbers.  Indeed  the  white  faces  were  almost  lost  among  the 
brown  faces.  They  sat  as  our  fathers  used  to  sit,  and  as  the  old- 
fashioned  Quakers  still  sit — the  men  on  one  side  of  the  room  and 
the  women  on  the  other.  Among  the  Burmans  the  men  wear  the 
millinery.  So  the  men's  side  was  ablaze  with  brilliant  silk  turbans 
which  they  wore  throughout  the  meeting  as  the  women  wear  their 
hats  among  us.  On  the  other  side  of  the  room  were  the  women. 
Now,  the  Burman  and  the  Karen  women  have  a  great  deal  of  the 
quality  which  we  call  charm.  And  every  woman  in  that  hall  had  a 
little  spray  of  white  flowers  tucked  in  her  abundant,  black,  lustrous, 
carefully  coiled  hair.  All  of  them,  men  and  women  alike,  had  silk 
skirts  of  bright,  harmonious  colors,  drawn  about  them  so  that  they 
were  as  tight  as  any  hobble  skirt  you  ever  saw.  It  was  an  orgy  of 
lovely  hues,  and  we  all  felt  that  it  was  well  worth  going  around  the 
world  to  see. 

I  do  not  know  that  I  ever  saw  so  many  bright,  happy  faces  in  a 
Baptist  congregation  before.  It  was  very  different  in  that  element 
of  joyousness  from  the  congregations  that  confront  preachers  in 
America  on  Sundays.  We  Americans  are  a  much  burdened  people. 
We  are  so  eager  to  get  on  that  we  spoil  life's  quality.  If  we  have 
no  trouble  to-day  we  borrow  some  from  the  future,  and  so  we  are 
always  burdened  and  anxious.  But  the  Burmans  are  a  light-hearted 
people.  There  is  perhaps  no  country  in  the  world  where  the  art  of 
rejoicing  is  so  highly  developed.  The  Burmans  have  none  of  those 
subtleties  in  their  nature  that  make  the  Hindus  so  serious  and 
gloomy  in  countenance.  They  are  an  easy-going  and  hopeful  people. 
Their  faces  are  round  and  happy,  their  noses  short  and  pudgy,  like  a 
child's  nose.  They  frequently  spoke  of  the  long  noses  of  the  American 
visitors.  They  love  pleasure.  They  are  eager  for  a  laugh.  They  are 
so  gay  and  lively  and  so  full  of  bright  wit  that  they  have  been  called 
the  Irish  of  the  East.  All  this  made  them  a  very  attractive-looking 
congregation,  and  assured  the  speakers  that  their  auditors  would  be 
responsive  and  appreciative. 

The  walls  of  the  hall  were  adorned  with  the  names  of  the  mis- 
sionaries who  had  toiled  in  Burma  up  to  the  time  of  Judson's  death. 
Many  of  them  are  as  familiar  to  us  as  our  own  names.  There  were 
mottoes  on  the  walls.  Judson's  confidence  that  Burma,  the  land  of 
rubies,  would  at  last  yield  to  Christ  was  emblazoned  there  in  the 

184 


The  Judson  Centennial 


sentence,  ''A  ruby  shall  glow  in  our  Saviour's  crown."  The  source 
of  Judson's  confidence  was  held  up  before  us  in  Judson's  own  reply 
when  he  was  asked  what  the  prospects  were.  He  said,  "  The  pros- 
pects are  as  bright  as  the  promises  of  God."  And  there  on  the  wall, 
near  the  platform,  that  great  word  of  faith  confronted  us  all  through 
the  meetings. 

Six  times  in  two  days  great  congregations  gathered  in  Gushing 
Hall.  The  first  meeting  on  both  days  began  at  eight  o'clock  in  the 
morning,  and  those  who  came  late  got  no  seat.  The  last  meeting  closed 
at  ten  o'clock  at  night.  And  all  the  time  in  between  was  so  crowded 
with  appointments  that  we  knew  what  it  was  not  to  have  time,  "  no, 
not  so  much  as  to  eat."  Many  a  time  in  those  days  I  reflected  that 
while  it  may  be  true  that  we  cannot  hustle  the  East,  yet  we  could  not 
deny  that  the  East  knew  how  to  hustle  us. 

The  program  of  those  days  was  most  diversified.  There  were 
greetings  from  many  lands,  from  our  own  missionaries,  and  from  mis- 
sionaries of  numerous  other  missionary  societies.  There  were  great 
speeches.  There  were  outbursts  of  song  that  made  the  hall  seem 
like  a  little  bit  of  heaven,  and  in  the  great  volume  of  praise  that 
went  up  to  God  all  used  the  same  tune,  but  every  man  spoke  his  own 
tongue.  There  were  meetings  for  prayer,  and  no  one  ever  was  more 
fluent  or  more  fervent  in  prayer  than  some  of  the  native  Ghristians. 
On  the  last  night  there  was  a  concert  in  which  several  of  the  native 
choirs  sang  to  the  delight  of  all,  and  in  the  applause  which  followed 
each  number  were  mingled  such  stamping  of  feet  and  such  shrill 
whistling  from  the  upper  windows  as  made  one  think  he  was  in  a 
Bowery  music-hall,  and  suggested  that  Young  Burma  and  Young 
America  are  close  relatives. 

There  were  notable  people  in  attendance,  not  only  eminent  Baptists 
from  America,  not  only  missionaries  whose  names  are  known  all  over 
the  world,  but  dignitaries  of  state  as  well.  The  Director  of  Public 
Education  in  Burma  expressed  the  government's  obligation  for  our 
educational  work.  The  lieutenant-governor  of  the  province,  the 
L.  G.,  as  everybody  calls  him,  the  highest  official  in  the  country,  pre- 
sided at  one  of  the  sessions,  and  emphasized  the  debt  of  gratitude  that 
Burma  owes  America.  Not  less  notable  was  the  presence  of  five 
aged  women,  the  children  of  former  missionaries,  who  remembered 
Adoniram  Judson  and  gave  recollections  of  him.  A  letter  of  con- 
gratulation was  read  from  the  American  Secretary  of  State.  A  cable 
message  was  received  from  President  Wilson.  And  at  no  time  during 
the   meetings   was   the   feeling   more    intense   than    when    the   cabled 

185 


The  Judson  Centennial 


greetings  of  Dr.  Edward  Judson  were  read.  The  affection  mani- 
fested for  Adoniram  Judson  was  so  intense  and  so  demonstrative 
that  had  either  of  his  sons  been  present  there  would  have  been  some 
danger  of  his  being  hugged  to  death. 

The  addresses  from  the  platform  were  notable.  Doctor  Mabie 
pleaded  with  splendid  fervor  for  those  truths  which  are  fundamental 
to  our  denomination — the  sacredness  of  the  individual,  the  necessity 
of  a  personal  experience  of  God's  grace,  and  the  reality  of  the 
atonement,  and  he  declared  that  "  this  is  no  time  for  Baptists  to 
abdicate  scriptural  positions."  Our  missionaries  pleaded  earnestly 
for  an  extension  of  our  work  in  Burma,  and  lamented  that  we  have 
opened  but  two  new  stations  in  Burma  in  twenty-five  years,  and  that 
we  have  now  only  two  more  missionaries  in  that  land  than  we  had  a 
quarter  of  a  century  ago.  Miss  Fredrickson  made  a  plea  for  edu- 
cation, but  emphasized  the  need  of  "  an  intense  evangelism,"  saying, 
"  We  missionaries  mean  by  an  intense  effort  an  effort  that  is  broadly 
extensive."  And  Mr.  Phinney,  in  presenting  the  needs  of  Burma, 
declared  that  we  are  justified  in  believing  that  an  intensive  policy 
does  not  mean  the  closing  of  a  part  of  the  field  to  add  to  the  forces 
of  other  parts,  which  would  be  like  cutting  off  a  man's  sleeves  to 
lengthen  his  trousers  on  account  of  his  growth.  But  why  should  I 
quote  more  from  these  addresses  ?  Are  they  not  all  of  them  published 
in  the  book  on  "  The  Judson  Centennial,"  the  first  book  ever  set  on  a 
linotype  machine  in  Burma,  which  has  been  issued  by  our  own 
Mission  Press? 

And  so  for  a  month  throughout  the  great  length  of  Burma  the 
meetings  continued,  first  in  Rangoon,  then  at  Moulmein,  then  at 
Mandalay;  as  far  north  as  Bhamo,  and  then  back  through  many  in- 
termediate stations  to  Bassein  in  the  south,  Bhamo  and  Bassein  being 
about  as  far  apart  as  New  York  and  Chicago.  At  Moulmein  there 
were  not  only  some  who  remembered  Adoniram  Judson,  but  there 
were  two  old  ladies  who  were  baptized  by  him.  Two  of  them  were 
present  on  the  platform.  From  Moulmein  and  Mandalay  side  trips 
were  made  to  spots  made  sacred  by  Judson's  toil  and  sufferings.  At 
Ava  a  bamboo  tabernacle  covered  with  grass  and  canvas  was  erected 
on  the  site  of  the  prison  where  Judson  suffered  for  eleven  months  in 
fetters  in  almost  daily  expectation  of  death.  During  the  exercises 
there  all  of  us  sat  on  mats  spread  upon  the  ground.  On  that  holy 
spot,  by  the  gift  of  Doctor  Sanders,  a  rest-house  for  travelers,  a  well, 
and  a  memorial  shaft  are  to  be  erected.  At  Aungbinle  there  were 
similar  services,  but  in  a  substantial  chapel  that  has  been  erected  on 

i86 


The  Judson  Centennial 


the  old  prison  site.    At  both  these  places  the  heathen  natives  stood  in 
great  numbers  watching. 

It  was  our  rare  privilege  to  walk  over  the  road  from  Ava  to 
Amarapura,  over  which  Judson  walked  when  he  was  transferred  from 
one  prison  to  another.  It  was  hot  and  dusty  in  December  when  we 
went  over  it.  Judson  staggered  over  it  in  the  blistering  heat  of 
May,  and  he  was  bareheaded,  his  feet  were  bleeding,  he  was  bound 
with  a  rope  to  a  fellow  prisoner,  and  he  was  under  a  driver's  lash. 
To  go  over  that  road  over  which  Judson  trudged  in  suffering  is  com- 
parable only  to  walking  over  the  Appian  Way,  where  Paul  walked  in 
fetters  that  he  might  preach  the  gospel  in  Rome,  or  it  was  like  tread- 
ing in  holy  pilgrimage  the  Via  Dolorosa,  over  which  Christ  went  to 
Calvary. 

We  stood  at  Amherst  too,  where  at  last  Ann  Hasseltine — Saint  Ann 
Hasseltine — broke  down  under  the  strain.  By  her  grave  we  stood 
with  heads  uncovered.  No  eyes  were  dry  that  day.  We  tried  to 
sing,  but  there  was  more  sobbing  than  singing.  Then  each  member 
of  the  company  cast  a  flower  on  the  grave  and  all  stood  in  silence. 
And  in  that  silence  I  could  hear  my  heart  crying  out,  "  O  Burma, 
Burma,  Burma,  much  toiled  for,  much  prayed  for,  much  suffered  for, 
how  long  wilt  thou  resist  the  invitations  of  grace?" 

Many  times  I  wished  that  Judson  and  his  wife  might  have  foreseen 
how  the  beginning  of  their  work  would  be  celebrated,  and  how  great 
the  harvest  would  be  from  the  seed  they  sowed.  It  would  greatly 
have  relieved  that  most  depressing  night  when  first  they  saw  Ran- 
goon; it  would  have  strengthened  him  for  the  tortures  he  endured, 
and  her  for  the  many  afflictions  wherewith  she  was  afflicted,  and 
both  of  them  for  the  protracted  separation  they  suffered.  But  having 
no  such  vision,  these  missionary  pioneers  of  ours  toiled  on  with  never- 
failing  faithfulness  as  though  they  could  see  the  final  victory  from 
the  beginning. 

As  we  went  about  from  place  to  place  endeared  to  us  by  what  the 
Judsons  did  and  suffered,  and  as  we  shared  in  the  jubilant  celebra- 
tions everywhere,  I  could  not  help  thinking  how  appropriate  to  Burma 
were  the  words  that  Abraham  Lincoln  spoke  at  Gettysburg  when  he 
said,  "  The  world  will  little  note  nor  long  remember  what  we  say 
here,  but  it  never  can  forget  what  they  did  here."  And  the  only 
celebration  of  the  Judsons'  doings  that  is  much  worth  while 
is  that  we  shall  resolve  to  finish  the  work  in  Burma  which  they 
so  heroically  began,  and  for  which  in  wearing  out  their  lives 
they  "  gave  the  last   full  measure  of  devotion,"   and  that  we  thus 

187 


The  Judson  Centennial 


determine  that  those  great  souls  shall  not  have  died  in  vain.  And  we 
might  well  supplement  that  by  resolving  before  God  to  make  perpetual 
in  lower  New  York  the  work  which  Dr.  Edward  Judson  has  so  well 
begun  as  a  memorial  to  his  father.  Those  who  have  given  their  lives 
for  Burma  exhort  us  as  Sarah  Boardman  Judson  exhorted  her  hus- 
band when  he  was  about  to  leave  her  to  resume  his  work  for  the 
people  he  loved.    You  remember  she  said  in  that  great  swan-song  of 

Then  gird  thine  armor  on,  love, 

Nor  faint  thou  by  the  way 
Till  Boodh  shall  fall  and  Burma's  sons 

Shall  own  Messiah's  sway. 


V 

ONE  HUNDRED  YEARS   OF  BAPTIST  MISSIONARY 
HISTORY 

By  Nathan  E.  Wood,  D.  D. 

Fathers   and   Brethren    of   the   American   Baptist    Foreign   Mission 
Society: 

I  undertake  the  task  which  you  have  set  me  this  day  with  humility 
and  trembling.  The  century  now  gone  has  created  a  new  and  most 
marvelous  chapter  of  the  Acts  of  the  Apostles,  and  I,  who  am  asked  to 
portray  it,  am  no  inspired  Luke.  The  chapter  is  as  luminous  with  the 
presence  and  the  mighty  power  of  God  as  he  has  moved  among  the 
churches  and  the  nations,  as  are  those  earlier  chapters  of  the  nascent 
church  which  began  at  Pentecost.  Judson  is  no  less  an  apostle  than 
Paul,  and  the  sweep  of  movement  and  the  stamp  of  conquest  are  no 
less  characteristic  of  the  church  of  the  last  century  than  of  the  years 
when  the  gospel  swept  like  a  rushing  flame  through  the  great  Roman 
Empire.  The  gospel  was  new  then  and  novel.  It  is  old  now  and 
tested.  Men  first  sneered,  then  wondered,  then  worshiped.  The 
pagan  empire  of  the  Czesars  tottered  to  its  fall,  undermined  by  the 
Nazarene.  Modern  empires  are  lifting  their  faces  scarred  and  seamed 
by  war,  lust,  and  greed,  to  see  if  perchance  they  may  in  some  way 
become  fair  and  beautiful  under  the  transforming  divine  life  which  is 
the  only  health  of  the  world.  The  evident  directing  and  regenerating 
power  of  God,  under  which  we  have  wrought  for  a  century,  is  so 
clearly  prophetic  of  final  triumph,  that  I  feel  like  asking  you  here  and 
now  in  his  presence  to  say  with  me :  "  Holy,  hoh^  holy,  Lord  God 


The  Judson  Centennial 


Almighty,  which  was,  and  is,  and  is  to  come,  we  give  thee  thanks, 
because  thou  hast  taken  to  thee  thy  great  power  and  hast  reigned." 

During  all  the  century,  our  church  has  had  steadily  at  the  heart  of 
it  the  life  of  our  Lord  Jesus  Christ.  It  has  not  wavered  in  its  absolute 
allegiance  to  his  lordship  over  all.  He  has  been  our  "  King  of 
kings  and  Lord  of  lords."  The  impulse  from  his  command  to  go 
into  all  the  world  and  preach  the  gospel  to  every  creature  has  come 
from  our  personal  love  for  him,  and  we  cherish  no  doubt  of  his  final 
victory. 

Our  realization  of  our  great  task  and  the  application  of  our 
energies  to  it  have  been  modified  more  or  less  by  our  environment. 
National  and  world  life  have  undergone  wide  transmutations.  This 
land  of  the  home  of  American  Baptists  has  thrilled  again  and  again 
with  changes,  struggles,  and  movements.  We  have  shared  in  the  na- 
tional life,  and  it  has  affected  our  methods  of  Christian  service  and 
the  extent  of  our  self-devotement  to  world-wide  missions. 

Historically  the  century  may  be  divided  into  three  characteristic 
epochs,  each  of  which  has  in  its  own  way  affected  our  work.  The 
first  epoch,  from  1814-1854,  a  period  of  forty  years,  was  one  of  com- 
mercial and  moral  reconstruction  and  development  after  the  war  of 
the  Revolution.  That  struggle  left  an  unhapp)'  crop  of  immoralities, 
restless  ambitions,  and  mocking  hostilities  to  religion,  such  as  one 
might  expect  after  so  protracted  and  chaotic  a  strife.  French  in- 
fidelity in  the  last  quarter  of  the  eighteenth  century  had  a  brilliant 
reign  in  the  new  United  States.  Our  close  alliance  with  France  gave 
it  vogue.  It  was  fashionable  in  the  drawing-rooms  of  cities,  congenial 
in  villages  and  towns,  and  discussed  and  cherished  in  rural  com- 
munities. It  condoned  the  moral  chaos  of  the  time  and  gave  men 
the  excuse  which  they  desired  for  lax  conduct  and  irreligious  thought. 
The  bon  wots  of  Thomas  Jefferson,  Benjamin  Franklin,  and  a  host 
of  small  imitators,  who  were  hostile  to  Christianity,  were  passed 
from  lip  to  lip  with  delighted  approval.  Voltaire,  Rousseau,  and 
the  French  encyclopedists  furnished  the  favorite  literature  of  the 
time.  The  French  Revolution  and  the  Napoleonic  wars  sent  floods 
of  demoralizing  life  to  the  New  World.  Jests  at  the  Christian  religion, 
sneers  at  morality,  indifference  toward  churches,  and  open  hostility 
to  high  standards  of  Christian  living,  were  more  universal  than  at  any 
other  period  of  the  century.  The  war  of  1812  only  added  impetus  to 
this  evil  tendency.  Spiritual  religion  was  not  only  at  a  low  ebb  in 
nearly  all  our  churches,  but  in  nearly  all  quarters  was  decidedly  un- 
popular.    But  it  happened  again  as  in  the  period  before  our  Lord 


The  Judson  Centennial 


came,  when  the  ancient  world  seemed  at  the  lowest  ebb  of  evil  life, 
and  the  future  of  godliness  at  its  darkest,  that  God  broke  in  upon  an 
almost  hopeless  world  and  gave  us  the  birth  of  his  only-begotten  Son. 

So  now  at  this  ebb-tide  in  our  own  beloved  land,  three  great  move- 
ments inspired  of  God  sprang  up  which  were  destined  to  arrest  moral 
and  religious  decay,  and  set  the  church  in  a  triumphant  march  of  life. 
The  first  was  the  establishment  of  Sunday-schools  for  the  Christian 
training  of  the  young.  The  second  was  the  rebirth  of  the  great  com- 
mission in  the  hearts  of  a  group  of  godly  souls;  and  the  third  was 
the  powerful  revivals  of  religion  which  swept  over  the  land  under 
the  preaching  of  Jacob  Knapp  and  Charles  G.  Finney.  These  three 
great  movements  seemed  almost  like  a  reincarnation  of  our  Lord 
in  our  modern  life. 

The  second  great  epoch  was  that  of  the  Civil  War,  from  1854-1882, 
a  period  of  28  years.  It  was  a  time  of  picturesque  and  wide- 
spread agitations,  of  fierce  political  feelings,  and  the  distractions  of 
the  national  mind  were  very  great.  The  Civil  War  left  in  its  train  a 
wide-spread  laxness  of  morals  and  a  lowered  standard  of  Christian 
living.  The  brutalizing  effects  of  war  were  inevitable.  Slavery  had 
debauched  whole  sections  of  our  country.  Gigantic  evils  had  a 
cancerous  growth.  The  saving  elements  were  the  great  revival  of 
1857^  the  vast  volume  of  prayer  which  was  poured  out  of  agonized 
hearts  to  God  in  behalf  of  the  loved  ones  who  composed  the  great 
contending  armies,  the  abolition  of  human  slavery,  and  the  establish- 
ment of  the  Union.  This  period  was  marked  by  the  emergence  into 
view  of  great  ethical  movements,  and  its  strength  was  largely  spent  in 
grappling  with  slavery,  intemperance,  and  other  social  evils.  A 
great  variety  of  philanthropies  sprang  into  existence.  The  prevailing 
emphasis  was  on  ethics  rather  than  on  evangelism. 

The  third  great  epoch  was  the  industrial  development,  from  1882- 
1914,  a  period  of  32  years.  The  rise  and  development  of  vast 
industries  and  the  accumulation  of  vast  fortunes  have  been  its  char- 
acteristics. Great  monopolies  have  cast  an  overshadow,  and  or- 
ganized labor  interests  have  been  in  restless  opposition.  The  domi- 
nant note  has  been  materialistic.  The  saving  elements  in  this  period 
have  been  the  wide  and  penetrating  revivals  under  the  labors  of 
Moody,  Earle,  and  our  other  modern  masters  of  evangelistic  preach- 
ing, the  extensive  spread  of  Christian  Endeavor,  and  other  forms 
of  training  Christian  young  people,  the  wonderful  development  of 
Christian  education,  the  almost  fabulous  gifts  to  charities,  and  the 
great  kindling  of  missionary  zeal,  consecration,  and  service. 

190 


The  Judson  Centennial 


Through  all  these  periods  the  great  missionary  movement  has  been 
affected  by  the  engrossing  national  issues,  and  its  ebbs  and  floods  can 
be  clearly  portrayed  only  in  connection  with  a  comprehensive  study  of 
our  national  historical  environment.  The  Spirit  of  God  has  indeed 
been  the  dynamic,  and  the  saving  of  men's  souls  the  initial  motive 
in  the  church,  but  the  extent  of  our  activities  and  the  methods  of  our 
work  have  been  greatly  influenced  by  the  social  and  political  move- 
ments among  which  we  have  lived. 

One  hundred  years  ago  our  fathers  preached  an  elemental  gospel 
to  elemental  men.  The  complexities  of  modern  civilization  had  not 
yet  arrived.  The  men  of  this  New  World  were  struggling  with  great 
forests,  rivers,  and  areas  of  wilderness,  and  were  seeking  to  subdue 
the  physical  resources  of  a  giant  continent.  Such  a  struggle  is  always 
primeval  in  its  characteristics.  Life  is  primitive.  Problems  are 
simple.  The  task  is  not  very  complex.  The  progress  of  the  century 
has  changed  all  this.  The  new  sociology  unknown  a  hundred  years 
ago  looms  large  to-day.  The  multiform  activities  of  philanthropy, 
of  great  and  small  hospitals,  of  college  settlements,  of  scientific  sani- 
tation among  the  poor,  of  public  playgrounds,  of  public  health,  of 
the  arrest  of  contagious  diseases,  of  prison  reforms,  of  the  treatment 
of  criminals,  of  juvenile  courts  for  young  offenders,  of  supervision  of 
food  supplies,  of  better  tenements,  of  pure  water  for  cities,  of  public 
amusements,  of  public  instruction  in  ethics,  and  in  almost  every  other 
domain  of  human  interest ;  of  temperance,  of  suffrage,  of  trusts,  of 
museums,  libraries,  and  art  galleries — these,  and  many  other  manifes- 
tations of  our  social  life  attest  that  at  the  end  of  the  century  the 
Christian  community  is  attent  upon  the  physical,  moral,  and  cultural 
well-being  of  the  whole  community  in  a  manner  not  at  all  conceived 
of  at  the  beginning. 

The  critical  study  of  social  government  has  proceeded  apace  and 
almost  all  the  older  theories  of  the  relation  of  man  to  it  have  under- 
gone revolution  and  change.  The  principles  of  Christian  socialism 
have  become  exceedingly  pervasive.  The  walls  of  caste  and  of 
privilege  are  breaking  down.  The  church,  which  in  the  older  time 
sought  only  to  bring  spiritual  regeneration  to  the  individual  man  and 
to  set  him  in  the  way  to  enter  heaven,  has  been  led  through  its  own 
social  activities  to  minister  to  the  same  individual  on  the  physical 
and  intellectual  sides  of  his  life  while  he  is  still  a  resident  in  human 
society.  The  church  has  been  in  real  danger  of  making  reforms  its 
major  message.  The  gospel  of  amelioration  often  seems  to  crowd  out 
the  gospel  of  regeneration.     The  busy  social  activities  of  our  time 


191 


The  Judson  Centennial 


have  been  so  engrossing,  and  the  call  of  society  so  clamant,  that  we 
have  been  in  imminent  danger  of  forgetting  the  central  message  of 
Christ's  gospel,  that  men  must  be  born  again.  A  new  heart  is  of 
incomparably  more  value  than  a  new  coat.  The  foreign  missionaries 
who  have  been  grappling  with  elemental  human  nature  in  heathenism 
have  found  that  only  a  gospel  of  regeneration  will  meet  the  need  of 
heathen  men.  Hence  their  preaching  has  been  simple,  vivid,  apos- 
tolic. The  foreign  missionary  finds  his  experience  a  reproduction  of 
that  portrayed  in  the  Acts  of  the  Apostles,  which  is  the  only  true 
campaign  text-book  for  all  the  ages.  He  has  been  continually  com- 
ing back  to  the  home  churches,  to  tell  the  plain  story  of  his  work, 
of  how  he  found  men  in  the  grossest  sin,  of  how  he  brought  them  the 
old  story  of  Christ's  salvation  for  their  souls,  and  of  how  they  became 
transformed  under  the  regenerating  power  of  God.  It  was  the 
story  of  simple,  direct,  fervid  action. 

Always  the  beginnings  of  Christianity,  where  Christianity  has  not 
yet  produced  civilization,  reveal  what  are  the  essential  elements  of 
the  gospel.  Our  missionaries  have  often  brought  us  back  from 
theological  vagaries,  from  resultless  activities,  and  clever  new  gospels, 
to  the  simplicity  of  Christ's  gospel.  They  have  powerfully  aided  us 
from  getting  bewildered  and  deceived  in  the  maze  of  modern  life, 
and  from  forgetting  that  Jesus  Christ  is  the  only  Saviour  of  lost  men. 
The  reflex  influence  of  our  missions  on  the  home  churches  has  not 
been  among  the  least  valuable  results  of  the  one  hundred  years  of 
foreign  mission  enterprise.  The  transformations  at  home  almost 
parallel  the  transformations  abroad.  No  story  of  the  century  which 
does  not  depict  something  of  the  miracles  of  divine  working  here,  as 
well  as  the  miracles  of  grace  there,  will  be  wholly  adequate. 

The  beginnings  of  the  foreign  missionary  work  of  American  Bap- 
tists have  often  been  portrayed.  In  1812,  the  Rev.  Adoniram  Judson 
and  the  Rev.  Luther  Rice,  together  with  three  other  young  Congrega- 
tional ministers,  were  sent  to  the  far  East  by  the  newly  organized 
Board  of  Commissioners  for  Foreign  Missions.  On  the  long  voyage 
of  months,  Mr.  Judson,  aware  that  he  was  to  meet  the  English  Bap- 
tist missionaries,  began  the  careful  study  of  baptism  as  described  in 
the  New  Testament,  and  finally  became  persuaded  of  the  scripturalness 
of  the  Baptist  practice.  He  was  baptized  September  6,  1812,  in  the 
Baptist  chapel  in  Calcutta,  by  William  Ward.  Soon  after,  Mr.  Rice 
followed  his  example.  Naturally,  they  severed  their  connections  with 
the  Congregational  Board  and  found  themselves  in  a  heathen  coun- 
try without  support.     They  wrote  to  Rev.  Dr.  Thomas  Baldwin,  of 

192 


The  Judson  Centennial 


Boston,  and  to  Rev.  Dr.  Lucius  Belles,  of  Salem,  appealing  to  the 
Baptists  in  America  for  help.  "  Alone,  in  this  foreign  heathen  land," 
wrote  Judson,  "  I  make  my  appeal  to  those  whom,  with  their  permis- 
sion, I  will  call  vty  Baptist  brethren  of  the  United  States."  These 
letters  stirred  Baptist  hearts  deeply.  They  came  like  the  call  of  a 
trumpet  to  action.  Interest  became  wide-spread.  Eleven  States  and 
the  District  of  Columbia  sent  delegates  to  a  meeting  appointed  for 
May  i8,  1814,  in  Philadelphia.  Thirty-three  delegates  met,  and  after 
three  days  of  prayer  and  discussion,  formed  "  The  General  Missionary 
Convention  of  the  Baptist  Denomination  in  the  United  States  of 
America  for  Foreign  Missions." 

This  was  the  first  united  effort  of  the  Baptists  of  the  New  World  to 
spread  the  gospel  throughout  the  nations.  Dr.  Richard  Furman,  of 
South  Carolina,  .was  chosen  president,  and  Dr.  Thomas  Baldwin,  of 
Massachusetts,  was  chosen  secretary.  Massachusetts  and  South  Caro- 
lina were  for  once  united.  Baptists  were  a  feeble  folk.  They  did  not 
number  more  than  seventy  thousand  in  the  region  which  has  become 
the  territory  of  the  Northern  Baptist  Convention.  They  had  grown 
up  in  the  midst  of  persecution,  and  social  and  ecclesiastical  ostracism. 
They  had  been  "  the  speckled  bird  among  the  birds  of  the  forest." 
They  now  banded  themselves  together  for  the  accomplishment  of  a 
sublime  purpose,  and  it  is  difficult  to  say  whether  the  blessings  which 
were  poured  into  their  own  churches  were  not  greater  than  those 
which  they  so  lovingly  poured  into  the  darkness  of  a  heathen  world. 

Adoniram  Judson,  our  great  modern  missionary  apostle,  was  singu- 
larly fitted  to  be  the  leader  in  such  a  movement.  He  was  keen  of 
intellect,  fine  in  scholarship,  immovable  in  purpose,  simple  and  humble 
in  spirit,  wholly  consecrated  to  his  great  task,  and  with  a  confidence 
in  God  which  was  childlike  and  unshakable.  His  undaunted  courage 
in  the  presence  of  seemingly  insuperable  obstacles,  his  steady  attack 
upon  the  impossible,  his  resistless  leadership  in  presenting  the  gospel 
to  heathen  people,  his  quiet  unconquerability,  and  his  modest  bearing, 
were  just  such  qualities  as  were  needed  in  such  a  time  and  for  such 
an  enterprise.  His  scholarly  mastery  of  the  Burman  tongue  gave 
him  access  to  the  people.  His  Burman  Bible  and  Burman  dictionary 
were  so  accurately  accomplished  that  they  remain  at  the  end  of  almost 
a  century  of  use  the  great  masterpieces  of  the  Burman  language. 
They  have  done  for  the  Burman  what  Luther  did  for  the  German, 
and  Shakespeare  for  the  English  peoples.  His  work  as  initiator  of 
our  foreign  work  was  incomparably  wise.  His  heroic  sufferings  com- 
manded the  tears  and  the  admiration  of  the  civilized  world.     His 


193 


The  Judson  Centennial 


great  good  sense,  used  by  the  Spirit  of  God,  blazed  paths  of  mission- 
ary methods  along  which  after  a  hundred  years  of  experience  we  are 
still  walking  confidently. 

The  gifts  of  the  first  year  were  about  $1,239.  They  were  the 
widow's  two  mites.  The  first  ten  years  brought  only  $73,000.  But 
once  in  the  first  half-century  did  the  offerings  reach  $100,000  in  any 
year,  and  strangely  that  was  in  the  year  of  the  great  financial  panic, 
1857.  The  difficulties  were  very  great.  The  churches  at  home  were 
weak  and  small.  Communication  between  the  seaboard  and  the 
frontier  was  slow  and  uncertain.  The  whole  country  was  wrestling 
with  the  varied  problems  of  the  conquest  of  the  physical  resources  of 
the  New  World.  The  new  settlements  must  provide  themselves  with 
certain  necessities  before  they  could  respond  to  the  appeal  for  an 
unknown  heathen  world  far  across  the  seas.  They  must  build  roads, 
bridges,  homes,  school  and  meeting-houses,  in  their  own  communities. 
The  money  of  the  people  was  immediately  absorbed  in  meeting  these 
primitive  needs.  It  is  not  strange  that  so  little  money  was  contributed. 
It  was  heroic  work  to  gather  as  much  as  was  gathered. 

Moreover  the  rift  between  North  and  South  was  already  widening. 
Sectional  jealousies  were  continually  coming  to  the  fore  in  religious 
assemblies  to  the  great  detriment  of  missionary  work.  Time  and 
energy  were  spent  in  heated  discussion  which  were  not  germane  to 
preaching  the  gospel  to  the  heathen  world.  Isolation  in  distance,  sec- 
tionalism in  feeling,  and  engrossing  controversies  over  minor  theo- 
logical issues,  all  contributed  to  prevent  unity  of  effort  and  an  undi- 
vided front  in  denominational  action.  While  there  were  undoubtedly 
giants  in  those  days,  they  certainly  confronted  giant  tasks.  It  was 
a  primeval  time  in  missions  and  primeval  forces  were  at  work 
in  opposition.  If  God  had  not  been  in  the  work,  our  fathers,  great 
as  they  were,  could  never  have  begun  and  carried  forward  so  vast 
an  undertaking. 

Early  in  the  enterprise  attention  was  diverted  from  foreign  work  to 
the  North  American  Indians.  In  1826,  twelve  years  from  the  organ- 
ization, there  were  but  nine  missionaries  in  Burma,  while  there  were 
sixteen  among  the  tribes  of  the  Pottawatomies,  Ottawas,  Cherokees, 
Choctaws,  Creeks,  Delawares,  and  Shawnees.  All  these  seemed  to 
our  fathers  a  field  for  legitimate  foreign  missions.  This  work  was 
prosecuted  with  earnestness  for  thirty-two  years  and  the  results  abide 
to  this  day. 

A  second  and  more  serious  diversion  of  interest,  which  led  to 
embarrassment  and  much  heartburning,  was  the  attempt  to  found  a 

194 


The  Judson  Centennial 


theological  and  collegiate  school.  Theological  education  was  some- 
what lightly  esteemed  among  Baptists  in  1814.  No  schools  had  yet 
been  established  among  us  for  this  kind  of  service.  When  Rev. 
Luther  Rice  returned  to  this  country  from  the  foreign  field,  he  began 
at  once  an  eager  missionary  propaganda,  traveling  on  horseback  over 
the  North  and  the  South,  and  everywhere  arousing  missionary  en- 
thusiasm. Indeed,  he  was  a  prime  factor  in  stirring  Baptists  to  the 
point  of  organization  in  1814.  Then  he  redoubled  his  efforts  and 
went  everywhere,  a  tireless  and  flaming  evangel  of  world-wide  work. 
He  became  deeply  concerned  with  the  lack  of  opportunity  for  train- 
ing students  for  the  Christian  ministry  at  home  and  abroad.  His 
ardor,  his  efforts,  and  his  self-sacrificing  zeal  finally  led  the  Conven- 
tion at  its  first  triennial  session  in  181 7  to  agree  to  the  founding  of 
such  a  school  in  Washington  City,  where  it  might  be  supported 
equally  by  the  North  and  the  South.  Columbian  University  came  into 
being  under  the  care  of  the  Foreign  Missionary  Society.  Its  career 
was  troubled.  It  diverted  attention  from  foreign  work.  Funds  which 
were  sorely  needed  in  Burma  were  used  in  Washington.  Friends  of 
foreign  missions  and  of  home  education  did  not  see  eye  to  eye.  The 
whole  impulse  to  preach  the  gospel  to  the  heathen  world  greatly 
slackened.    It  was  a  case  of  divided  councils  and  aims. 

Finally,  in  1826,  after  a  protracted  discussion,  which  lasted  twelve 
days,  the  Convention  by  a  heroic  effort  cast  off  the  University  and 
concentrated  on  its  original  work.  One  of  the  immediate  results 
of  the  enthusiastic  advocacy  of  theological  education  by  Luther  Rice 
was  the  founding  of  theological  schools  in  Hamilton,  New  York,  in 
1819,  and  in  Newton,  Massachusetts,  in  1825.  It  was  not  until  1846 
that  the  mission  to  the  North  American  Indians  was  entrusted  to  other 
hands  and  the  Society  finally  concentrated  on  what  has  been  its  one 
stupendous  task  from  that  day  to  this,  the  conversion  of  the  world 
through  the  preaching  of  the  gospel  among  foreign  nations. 

In  1826  the  finances  of  the  Convention  were  at  a  very  low  ebb, 
and  many  brethren  lost  heart.  The  enterprise  was  facing  what  seemed 
insurmountable  obstacles  at  home  and  abroad.  At  this  crisis,  the 
Baptists  of  Boston  and  of  Massachusetts  offered  to  assume  the  care 
of  maintenance,  and  the  headquarters  were  removed  to  Boston,  where 
they  have  remained  to  this  day.  God  honored  the  sublime  courage 
and  faith  of  our  Boston  Baptist  fathers,  for  while  the  Society  has 
sometimes  been  perplexed  in  its  work,  it  has  never  stopped,  and  please 
God  it  never  will,  until  all  the  kingdoms  of  the  world  have  become 
the  kingdom  of  our  Lord  and  his  Christ. 


195 


The  Judson  Centennial 


Doctor  Judson  baptized  the  first  Burman  convert  after  seven  years 
of  almost  unparalleled  toil  and  suffering.  The  number  of  Burman 
converts  has  never  been  large  in  all  the  years  since.  There  are, 
indeed,  vigorous  Burman  churches  and  the  leaven  of  the  gospel  has 
permeated  Burman  Ufe.  But  the  greatest  triumphs  of  Christianity  in 
Burma  have  been  among  the  Karens.  This  v^^ork  has  been  second  in 
magnitude  and  extent  to  no  other  work  of  all  our  missions.  The 
Karens  have  come  by  hundreds  where  Burmans  have  come  by  tens. 
The  Karen  missionary  work  has  been  one  of  the  wonders  of  modern 
Christian  missions.  It  was  in  1827  that  this  work  was  established  by 
the  immortal  George  Dana  Boardman.  The  first  convert,  Ko  Thah 
Byu,  who  like  Philemon  was  a  slave,  was  baptized  in  1828,  and  after- 
ward by  his  self-denying  devotion,  his  zeal  and  his  usefulness,  be- 
came known  as  the  great  Karen  apostle.  Young  Boardman  was  the 
first  of  our  missionaries  to  penetrate  into  the  interior  of  heathendom. 
He  endured  incredible  hardships  and  passed  miraculously  through  the 
greatest  dangers.  His  frail  body  was  no  match  for  his  dauntless  spirit. 
He  was  a  high-hearted  soldier  of  the  Cross.  He  lived  only  long 
•enough  to  see,  with  his  dying  eyes,  another  lead  into  the  baptismal 
pool  converts  enough  to  form  the  first  Karen  church  of  Tavoy. 
Then,  under  the  shadow  of  the  hills  and  in  the  full  light  of  God,  he 
rested  from  his  toils. 

The  Karen  mission  has  been  singularly  fortunate  in  the  quality  of 
its  great  missionaries.  They  have  been  men  of  keen  sagacity  and  of 
heroic  stature.  The  Masons,  the  Wades,  the  Vintons,  the  Abbots, 
the  Thomases,  the  Kincaids,  the  Carpenters,  the  Cushings,  and  a 
host  of  others  present  as  fine  a  company  of  Christian  Great-hearts  as 
the  world  ever  saw.  Among  the  Karens  the  principles  of  a  native 
self-supporting  church  have  had  their  finest  illustration.  Their  inde- 
pendence, their  reliance  on  themselves  to  build  schools  and  churches, 
their  eagerness  for  education,  and  their  home  missionary  zeal,  have 
made  them  an  example  and  an  inspiration  to  all  missions  in  every 
part  of  the  world.  The  work  in  Burma  has  been  the  joy  of  all  Bap- 
tists. The  great  college  in  Rangoon,  the  fine  theological  seminary  at 
Insein  for  Burmans  and  Karens,  the  splendid  schools  for  boys  and 
girls,  the  noble  company  of  men  and  women,  the  pervasive  influence 
of  the  mission,  and  the  many  thousands  of  native  Christians  furnish 
a  record  of  missionary  victory  for  which  American  Baptists  may  well 
thank  God  in  this  centennial  year. 

The  Mission  Press,  established  in  1830,  has  been  a  powerful  assist- 
ance  to   the   preached   word   throughout   Burma.     It   has   continued 

196 


KXGLISH    BAPTIST    CHURCH    AT    MOULMEIN 


^jjg^^^                           .  -Ji 

WM^4-:'.^^ 

^^H 

r 

^^^^^^ 

ii 

^SwH^lK^gML  >v''    Q^B^BbK'W^BsH 

^' ■■■■:■  jt-^^..J">m>,.  ■  -' 

^^^;^ 

^^^^r 

*■  ■  ■                '       »' 

.♦.      -           •     ■■•    -,          -'• 

e    1 ,  • 

FKANJU'ANI    TKKE    PLANTEU   BY    JUDSON 


The  Judson  Centennial 


with  accelerating  power  to  scatter  the  white  leaves  of  the  gospel 
throughout  the  whole  land.  Bibles  or  parts  of  the  Bible  in  all  the 
polyglot  tongues  of  Burma,  Assam,  and  Siam  are  daily  pouring  forth 
from  its  busy  rooms. 

No  tongue  can  narrate  all  the  hairbreadth  escapes,  the  fierce  jungle 
fevers,  the.  mingling  with  wild  and  murderous  savages,  the  hungers 
and  thirsts,  the  dreary  jungles  steaming  with  Oriental  heat,  the 
dangers  on  plains,  mountains,  and  rivers,  the  oppositions  of  malig- 
nant rulers,  the  foul  prisons,  the  ofttimes  disheartening  slowness  of 
converts,  through  which  these  noble,  tireless,  missionary  souls  kept  on, 
struggling,  fainting,  living,  dying,  but  always  inspired  by  the  loving 
smile  of  the  divine  Lord.  They  and  their  compeers  were  men  of 
whom  the  world  was  not  worthy. 

It  was  in  1832,  1834.  and  1836  that  France,  Germany,  and  Greece, 
through  a  variety  of  providential  events,  made  appeal  to  our  Society. 
The  new  question  of  whether  it  would  divide  its  attention  between 
the  European  and  the  heathen  world  must  have  answer.  "  The  field 
was  indeed  the  world,"  but  the  Orient  seemed  more  needy  than  the 
Occident.  Again  a  providential  event  solved  the  problem.  In  1834, 
Barnas  Sears,  a  Baptist  young  man  from  Massachusetts,  went  as  a 
theological  student  to  Germany.  In  Hamburg  he  found  a  company 
of  seven  Christian  believers  who  were  meeting  together  in  secret 
because  of  the  fear  of  persecution.  They,  like  Judson,  found  them- 
selves Baptists  through  their  own  study  of  the  New  Testament.  They 
knew  no  Baptists.  The  coming  of  Sears  was  like  the  coming  of  Peter 
to  Cornelius.  At  their  request  the  young  Massachusetts  preacher 
baptized  them  at  midnight  in  the  river  Elbe  "  under  the  friendly 
light  of  the  stars." 

The  seven  had  among  them  a  man  of  great  mold,  Johann  G. 
Oncken,  who  became  their  pastor,  their  leader,  and  finally  the  great 
German  Baptist  apostle.  Through  his  ceaseless  toil,  and  in  spite 
of  many  and  severe  persecutions,  the  little  band  of  seven  had  in- 
creased in  fifteen  years  to  thirty  churches  and  2,800  members.  All 
the  power  of  Prussian  intolerance  could  not  stay  the  spread  of  the 
word  of  God.  Now,  at  the  end  of  eighty  years,  they  have  grown 
to  two  hundred  and  forty  churches  and  50,000  members.  They  have 
their  own  fine  theological  school  at  Hamburg,  their  own  flourishing 
publication  society  at  Cassel,  their  own  Home  Mission  Society,  and 
are  the  perennial  fount  of  an  eager,  direct  evangelization  right  in  the 
heart  of  Europe.  Directly  or  indirectly  they  have  spread  the  gospel 
all  through  Sweden,  Norway,  Denmark,  and  Finland,  on  the  north ; 


197 


The  Judson  Centennial 


to  the  Baltic  provinces,  Poland,  and  Russia,  on  the  east;  to  Austria, 
Bohemia,  and  Hungary,  on  the  south;  and  thence  to  all  southeastern 
Europe. 

German  colporters  seem  to  have  scattered  the  gospel  news  in  a 
quiet  way  through  sections  of  Denmark,  Norway,  and  Sweden  some 
years  before  any  direct  effort  was  made  to  establish  Baptist  churches. 
F.  O.  Nilsson,  a  Swedish  sailor  converted  in  New  York  City,  was  the 
first  avowed  Baptist  preacher  in  his  native  land.     He  planted  the 
gospel  amidst  cruel  persecutions.    The  first  church  was  organized  in 
1848.    It  was  through  the  labors  of  Rev.  Andreas  Wiborg  that  Baptist 
principles  were  spread  far  and  wide  among  Scandinavian  peoples, 
and  in  spite  of  ceaseless  persecutions  were  accepted.     Believers  were 
multiplied.     Baptists  have  become  a  power  to  be  reckoned  with  by 
both  Church  and   State.     They  have  increased   from   the   one  lone 
believer  baptized  by  Oncken  in  Hamburg  in  1847  to  55,000  in  1914. 
They  are  a  folk  loyal  to  the  word  of  God.     The  Swedish  Baptist 
Seminary  in  Stockholm,  under  the  faithful  care  of  Dr.  K.  O.  Broady, 
has  sent  out  during  the  last  forty-eight  years  a  host  of  finely  trained 
teachers,   pastors,   and   evangelists.     It  has  been  a  home  of  warm 
evangelical  truth  and  a  very  large  factor  in  the  wonderful  growth 
of   our   work    among   all    Scandinavian    peoples.      It   has    proved   a 
blessing  to  our  own  land  through  the  splendid  company  of  Christian 
preachers  who  have  emigrated  to  these  shores  with  their  own  folk, 
and  whose  labors  have  resulted  in  the  establishment  of  very  many 
churches   among  our   Scandinavian-American   fellow   citizens.     The 
seven   believers   baptized   at   midnight   in   Hamburg   in    1834,    after 
these  eighty  years,  have  increased  to  more  than  two  thousand  churches 
and  a  quarter  of  a  million  of  members.    "  The  kingdom  of  heaven  is 
like  unto  a  grain  of  mustard-seed,   which   a   man  took  and  sowed 
in  his  field :  which  indeed  is  less  than  all  seeds ;  but  when  it  is  grown, 
it   is   greater   than    the   herbs,    and   becometh    a    tree,    so   that   the 
birds  of  the  heaven  come  and  lodge  in  the  branches  thereof." 

Our  first  quarter-century  showed  missionary  work  hopefully  prose- 
cuted in  Burma,  Assam,  China,  West  Africa,  France,  Germany, 
Greece,  and  among  the  North  American  Indians.  The  world  of  our 
first  survey  was  the  heathen  world,  but  quickly  our  fathers  got  the 
full  vision  of  the  Lord's  command  and  sought  to  go  into  all  the 
world.  The  missionary  impulse  which  wrought  so  powerfully  toward 
heathen  evangelization  began  to  turn  with  equal  energy  toward  the 
Christian  reclamation  of  the  home  field. 

In  1824  the  American  Baptist  Publication  Society  was  organized 

198 


The  Judson  Centennial 


to  do  its  beneficent  work  through  the  printed  page  and  through  the 
Sunday-school. 

In  1832  the  American  Baptist  Home  Mission  Society  began  its 
course  of  nation-wide  evangelism,  to  the  frontiers,  the  new  towns 
and  cities,  and  now  also  to  the  older  cities  of  our  country.  When 
the  missionary  impulse  begins  to  send  forth  its  life-giving  streams, 
they  must  of  necessity  spread  until  all  in  every  quarter  of  the  globe 
who  need  healing  and  health,  such  as  only  the  gospel  can  give,  shall 
be  blessed  by  the  waters  of  the  glorious  redemption  which  flow  out 
of  the  heart  of  God. 

The  years  from  1835  to  1845  were  critical  and  such  as  try  the 
hearts  of  the  stoutest  Christian  saints.  There  was  lack  of  money. 
Few  men  volunteered  to  go  as  foreign  missionaries.  The  early  en- 
thusiasm of  many  had  waned.  Men  failed  to  redeem  their  pledges. 
Brethren  became  alienated.  Heated  debates  took  the  place  of  prayer 
and  harmonious  action.  Division  of  councils  became  acute.  The 
North  and  the  South  could  not  see  eye  to  eye.  The  air  was  full  of 
strife.  The  ominous  shadows  of  i860  were  already  foregathering. 
Our  brethren  of  the  South  finally  seceded  from  the  Society  in  1845. 
Slavery  and  freedom  could  not  be  true  yokefellows.  The  old  Trien- 
nial Convention  ceased  to  be.  The  American  Baptist  Missionary 
Union  took  its  place. 

The  society,  depleted  in  membership,  was  also  burdened  with  a 
great  debt.  The  work  of  evangelization  among  the  North  American 
Indians,  which  had  been  prosecuted  for  twenty-five  years,  was  given 
over  to  other  hands.  Retrenchment  and  retreat,  sinister  words  for 
the  church  of  Christ,  were  beginning  to  go  hand  in  hand  everywhere. 
The  whole  foreign  mission  movement  from  the  standpoint  of  human 
wisdom  seemed  on  the  verge  of  collapse.  The  days  were  dark. 
"  And  when  neither  sun  nor  stars  shone  on  us  for  many  days  and  no 
small  tempest  lay  on  us,  all  hope  that  we  should  be  saved  "  seemed 
almost  gone.  Our  fathers  were,  indeed,  called  to  walk  by  faith.  At 
the  extremity  of  the  crisis,  God  raised  up  that  valiant  Baptist  Great- 
heart,  Edward  Bright.  He  became  the  Moses  who,  with  unconquer- 
able faith,  tireless  energy,  and  God-given  wisdom,  led  us  out  of  our 
wilderness.  Men  and  money  began  to  come  out  of  their  hiding- 
places.  Hope  sat  once  more  at  our  council-boards.  The  "  forward 
march  "  of  our  Baptist  missionary  evangel  was  called.  Victory  had 
come. 

The  Telugu  mission  in  India  was  begun  in  1835,  and  in  1840  the 
first  Telugu  convert  was  baptized.     Years  intervened  before   many 


199 


The  Judson  Centennial 


were  added.  The  prospects  of  success  were  so  forbidding  that  it  was 
urged  again  and  again  that  the  mission  be  abandoned.  Ten  years  of 
arduous  toil  had  brought  little  encouragement,  and  in  1845  the  ques- 
tion before  the  Union  was,  "  Shall  the  mission  be  abandoned  ?  "  In 
the  course  of  the  strenuous  debate  Doctor  Judson,  then  home  on 
furlough,  unhesitatingly  urged  its  continuance.  With  melting  elo- 
quence he  said:  "I  would  cheerfully,  at  my  age,  cross  the  Bay  of 
Bengal  and  learn  a  new  language,  rather  than  lift  up  my 
hand  for  the  abandonment  of  the  work."  They  were  characteristic 
words.  It  was  determined  to  send  Rev.  Lyman  Jewett  to  reenforce 
the  mission.  Three  years  more  passed  in  similar  fruitless  toil,  until 
again  the  question  became  more  urgent,  "  Shall  the  mission  be 
abandoned?  "  It  was  at  Albany  at  the  meeting  of  the  Union  in  1853 
that  the  crisis  came.  In  the  course  of  the  high  debate,  one  of  the 
speakers  spoke  of  it  as  the  "  lone  star,"  the  only  mission  work  of  ours 
on  the  western  shore  of  the  Bay  of  Bengal.  The  quick  imagination  of 
our  own  Dr.  S.  F.  Smith  caught  the  symbol,  and  the  next  day  in 
the  assembly  was  read  his  poem,   "  The  Lone   Star,"   written   over 

night. 

Shine  on,  "  Lone  Star  "  !  thy  radiance  bright 

Shall  spread  o'er  all  the  eastern  sky; 
Morn  breaks  apace  from  gloom  and  night, 

Shine  on  and  bless  the  pilgrim's  eye. 

Shine  on,  "  Lone  Star  " !  the  day  draws  near 
When  none  shall  shine  more  fair  than  thou : 

Thou,  born  and  nursed  in  doubt  and  fear, 
Wilt  glitter  on  Immanuel's  brow. 

Shine  on,  "  Lone  Star  " !  till  earth  redeemed. 

In  dust  shall  bid  its  idols  fall, 
And  thousands,  where  thy  radiance  beamed, 
Shall  crown  the  Saviour  Lord  of  all. 

Amid  tears,  prayers,  and  applause  the  question  was  decided. 

Once  again,  however,  but  for  the  last  time,  the  question  arose  nine 
years  later,  in  1862.  That  great  secretary-prophet,  Jonah  G.  Warren, 
persuaded  the  Union  to  await  the  coming  of  Mr.  Jewett  before  making 
its  decision.  When  Mr.  Jewett  arrived,  that  gentle  but  heroic  man 
quietly  said  to  the  waiting  assembly,  "  I  will  never  give  up  the 
Telugus.  I  will  go  back  alone  to  live  and  die  among  them."  "  Well, 
brother,"  said  Doctor  Warren,  "  if  you  are  resolved  to  return,  we 
must  send  some  one  with  you  to  bury  you.  You  certainly  ought 
to  have  Christian  burial  in  that  heathen  land."     The  Union  decided 

200 


The  Judson  Centennial 


to  send  John  E.  Clough  back  with  him.  He  was  a  man  of  apostolic 
gifts.  He  was  simple,  tireless,  fatherly,  and  of  boundless  faith.  He 
began  almost  at  once  to  reap  after  the  long  seed-sowing.  It  had 
been  twenty-five  years  since  the  first  convert,  and  the  number  added 
besides  had  been  small  indeed.  But  now  they  began  to  be  added  by 
scores,  then  by  hundreds,  then  by  thousands.  On  that  memorable  day, 
July  3,  1878,  Pentecost  was  repeated,  when  2,222  converts  were  bap- 
tized at  Ongole  in  a  day,  and  in  three  months  ten  thousand  were 
added. 

The  church  formed  January  i,  1867,  with  eight  members,  seventeen 
years  later  numbered  nearly  twenty-five  thousand.  The  work  among 
the  Telugus  in  India  and  Burma  has  been  one  of  the  arresting  mir- 
acles of  modem  missions.  It  has  developed  a  system  of  education.  It 
maintains  its  own  prosperous  theological  school.  It  has  a  host  of 
trained  native  preachers.  It  has  shown  that  one  of  the  lowest 
castes  of  people,  under  the  redeeming  power  of  the  gospel,  can 
bring  forth  men  and  women  of  intellect,  character,  and  power,  the 
equal  of  any  in  India.  Through  these  humble  Telugus  the  gospel  is 
setting  all  India,  caste-bound  as  it  is,  in  a  ferment,  and  the  chains 
which  have  bound  her  people  in  a  hopeless  slavery  for  a  thousand 
years  are  breaking,  and  the  captives  are  finding  the  glorious  liberty 
which  is  in  Christ  Jesus  our  Lord. 

"  And  what  shall  I  more  say !  for  the  time  would  fail  me  to  tell  of  " 
China,  that  huge  giant  which  has  awaked  at  last  out  of  centuries  of 
sleep !  Who  does  not  yet  hear  those  more  than  mortal  appeals  from 
the  eloquent  and  now  sainted  Ashmore !  What  a  service  the  God- 
dards,  the  Deans,  the  Ashmores,  and  their  sacred  company  have 
done  for  the  great  people  who  are  just  now  blinking  their  eyes  at 
the  light  of  Christ  breaking  in  on  them  on  every  side !  Of  Assam 
and  its  glorious  company  of  missionaries  with  their  dream  of  pene- 
trating China  from  Assamese  soil !  Of  the  Bronsons,  the  Clarks,  and 
a  host  of  others,  and  of  that  wonderful  work  of  God  among  the 
Garo  Hills !  Of  that  fine  company  of  our  brethren  who  have  given 
their  lives  to  Japan,  that  new  empire  born  in  a  day !  Of  our  latest 
fields,  which  we  do  not  yet  know  whether  to  call  home  or  foreign 
missions,  and  their  wonders  of  divine  grace,  the  Philippine  Islands! 
Our  God  is  indeed  a  wonder-working  God.  The  light  begins  to  break 
o'er  all  the  world. 

In  1853  the  Union  sent  out  a  deputation  to  visit  the  mission 
stations.  They  reported,  after  a  protracted  visitation,  that  every 
station  ought  to  have  at  least  one  experienced  missionary,  and  that 

201 


The  Judson  Centennial 


"  Oral  preaching  is  the  divinely  appointed  and  divinely  honored  mode 
of  evangelization,  to  which  all  others  should  be  made  subservient,  the 
preaching  the  gospel  in  living  words,  from  living  lips."  They  urge 
the  development  of  a  native  ministry  and  deplore  the  fact  that 
out  of  one  hundred  and  thirty  such  men  only  eleven  have  been 
allowed  to  be  ordained.  They  declare  that  there  is  no  warrant  for 
withholding  ordination  from  such  men  and  thus  keeping  them  always 
in  leading  strings;  that  such  a  course  is  a  departure  from  the  sim- 
plicity of  the  New  Testament  and  from  the  practice  of  the  home 
churches.  They  declare  that  schools  must  always  be  subordinated  to 
the  work  of  preaching  the  gospel  to  the  adult  population  and  can 
never  be  made  a  substitute  for  it.  They  lay  down  the  principle  that 
schools  are  not  a  preparation  for  Christianity  but  that  Christianity  is 
the  true  preparation  for  schools.  They  urge  the  wide  and  free 
use  of  the  mission  press. 

These  findings  of  this  deputation  may  well  be  considered  as  the 
charter  of  principles  under  which  our  foreign  mission  work  has  been 
carried  forward  to  this  day.  There  have  been  temporary  departures 
here  and  there,  but  we  have  never  gotten  very  far  away  from  these 
great  highways  of  missionary  policies.  Our  greatest  successes  have 
always  been  through  the  foolishness  of  preaching  the  gospel  of  a 
redeeming  Christ.  Any  departure  toward  the  putting  of  education  in 
the  place  of  evangelization  will  only  bring  us  failure  and  shame. 

The  jubilee  year,  in  1864,  was  marked  by  the  largest  gifts  which 
the  Union  had  yet  received  in  any  one  year,  $135,000,  A  jubilee  fund 
of  $50,000  was  raised  for  advance  work.  The  members  in  our  mis- 
sions had  risen  to  35,000  in  the  first  half-century  of  work,  and  the 
foreign  secretary  prophesied  that  at  the  end  of  a  century  they  would 
have  become  hundreds  of  thousands.  The  prophecy  has  come  true, 
for  there  are  now  enrolled  in  the  churches  fostered  by  this  Society 
more  than  four  hundred  thousand  believers. 

Fifty  years  ago  the  Union  passed  this  resolution  offered  by  Edward 
Bright:  "Resolved,  That  at  the  end  of  this  first  fifty  years  of  our 
American  Baptist  Missionary  operation,  this  Missionary  Union  gives 
it  as  their  deliberate  opinion  that  American  Baptists  have  no  reason 
to  be  ashamed  of  their  principles,  their  ministry,  their  membership,  or 
their  work ;  and  that  in  view  of  the  fruits  of  the  past  and  the  promise 
of  the  future,  they  have  every  reason  to  stand  by  their  principles  with 
new  firmness  and  new  hope."  It  is  the  call  of  the  trumpet,  and 
might  well  be  sounded  again  by  us  at  this  centennial  hour  in  this 
goodly  town  of  Boston  and  in  the  midst  of  our  great  tasks. 

202 


The  Judson  Centennial 


At  the  opening  of  the  last  half-century  the  missionary  force  on 
the  field  had  fallen  to  fewer  than  eighty,  but  in  the  next  thirteen 
years  one  hundred  and  thirty-four  new  missionaries  were  sent  out. 
That  epoch-making  Christian  statesman,  John  N.  Murdoch,  began 
his  career  as  secretary  in  1866.  The  work  went  on  by  leaps  and 
bounds.  New  stations  were  opened.  Old  stations  were  reenforced. 
Schools  were  strengthened  and  the  missionary  enterprise  prospered. 
This  enlargement  finally  issued  in  what  seemed  a  crushing  debt. 
There  are  many  still  among  us  who  remember  the  memorable  meeting 
in  Providence,  in  1877,  when  God  gave  a  Red  Sea  deliverance. 
The  debt  was  raised.  The  work  did  not  slacken.  Once  again  the 
Union  faced  a  formidable  debt  in  1886,  but  again  it  was  providentially 
lifted.  This  opened  the  way  for  taking  over  the  missionary  work 
on  the  Congo. 

The  whole  world  was  still  astir  with  the  marvelous  story  of  Liv- 
ingstone's penetration  of  the  Dark  Continent  and  of  Stanley's  march 
across  from  ocean  to  ocean.  The  appeal  to  the  Christian  imagination 
was  all-compelling.  Here  was  a  continent  lying  in  heathen  darkness. 
We  must  let  in  the  light.  We  could  not  stay  out  of  this  Christian 
adventure.  Our  love  for  Christ  of  necessity  led  us  in.  The  story  of 
this  mission  has  been  one  of  varied  dangers,  strange  sicknesses,  and 
tragic  deaths,  but  always  of  splendid  heroism  and  of  heights  of 
Christian  devotion.  The  graves  of  our  missionaries  dot  the  shores 
of  the  Congo,  but  so  also  do  our  Christian  churches.  The  missionary 
and  the  martyr  spirit  have  won  against  all  obstacles.  Henry  Rich- 
ards labored  for  seven  years  at  Banza  Manteke  without  a  convert. 
It  was  the  story  of  Judson  among  the  Burmans  over  again.  Then 
Pentecost  came.  The  floods  of  blessing  were  loosed.  Hundreds 
came  for  baptism.  Again  was  it  illustrated  that  Christ's  servants 
cannot  labor  in  vain. 

The  Civil  War  had  shown  in  a  unique  way  the  executive  and  master- 
ful talents  of  women.  The  great  Sanitary  and  Christian  Commissions 
would  have  been  an  impossibility  without  their  aid.  They  rose  to  new 
heights  of  self-sacrificial  grandeur,  and  so  came  to  a  clear  conscious- 
ness of  their  power,  and  of  their  rights  in  a  new  field  of  service. 
In  1871  a  group  of  noble  Baptist  women  came  together  in  Newton 
Centre  and  organized  a  Woman's  Foreign  Mission  Society.  They 
could  no  longer  be  shut  out  from  their  place  and  share  in  evangelizing 
the  world.  The  gifts  the  first  year  were  less  than  $10,000,  but  in  the 
forty-three  years  they  have  been  more  than  four  millions  of  dollars. 
In  the  same  year  the  women  of  the  West  organized  a  sister  society  in 


203 


The  Judson  Centennial 


Chicago,  and  side  by  side  the  two  worked  until  a  union  was  effected 
this  very  centennial  year. 

They  were  quick  to  gather  the  children  and  young  people  into  mis- 
sionary bands  and  to  give  them  elementary  training  in  missionary 
knowledge,  intelligent  giving,  and  loyal  devotion.  They  brought  the 
great  young  life  of  our  churches  into  the  missionary  atmosphere  as 
it  had  never  before  been  brought.  If  we  have  to-day  a  Baptist  con- 
stituency in  which  missions  are  a  part  of  our  very  life,  it  is  because 
of  these  faithful  women.  The  money  which  they  have  raised  is  but  a 
fraction  of  the  happy  results  of  their  labor  of  love  in  our  churches. 

To  the  women  was  entrusted  the  care  of  schools  for  boys  and 
girls  in  heathen  lands.  The  work  which  they  naturally  do  at  home, 
in  the  public  school,  and  in  the  Sunday-school  they  do  with  equal  skill 
and  devotion  abroad.  Very  quickly  womanly  sympathy  responded  to 
the  appeal  of  the  sick  and  suffering  women  and  children  in  heathen- 
dom, and  the  first  woman  medical  missionary  was  sent  out  to  Burma 
in  1879.  She  was  the  forerunner  of  an  ever-increasing  number  of 
Christian  nurses  and  physicians  who  are  performing  a  great  Christian 
service  in  foreign  lands.  The  Bible  training  schools  for  Bible-women 
were  soon  established. 

These  women  have  shown  us  that  all  the  varied  agencies  which 
have  been  found  useful  at  home  are  equally  useful  abroad.  The  finest 
schools  for  girls  and  boys  in  all  the  heathen  world,  the  finest  hospitals, 
the  finest  examples  of  intelligent  Christian  usefulness,  have  been 
illustrated  in  the  work  of  these  devout  women.  They  have  carried 
the  gospel  of  Christ  as  a  first  message  of  freedom  to  crushed  and 
enslaved  womanhood  in  the  Orient,  and  have. led  a  host  of  children 
to  the  feet  of  our  glorious  Lord.  No  words  of  mine  can  overstate 
their  wise  and  worthful  service.  Surely  it  was  by  inspiration  of  the 
Spirit  of  God  that  they  began  and  are  fulfilling  their  great  task  of 
leading  the  world  to  Jesus  Christ. 

In  1893,  our  annual  income  passed  for  the  first  time  the  million- 
dollar  mark.  In  1904,  we  made  our  first  great  effort  to  raise  endow- 
ments for  our  higher  schools  abroad.  Since  then  the  higher  educa- 
tion has  commanded  an  increasing  attention.  There  may  be  danger 
that  we  shall  place  an  excessive  emphasis  on  education  as  an  ele- 
ment of  world  evangelization.  Education  will  never  regenerate  a 
heathen  soul.  The  preacher  of  redemption  must  first  blaze  the  way. 
Souls  must  first  be  brought  into  submission  to  the  Divine  Redeemer. 
Then  education  may  well  follow  in  making  men  and  women  more 
efficient  servants  of  the  kingdom. 


204 


The  Judson  Centennial 


In  191 1  the  schism  of  more  than  a  century  between  us  and  our 
Free  Baptist  brethren  came  to  a  happy  close.  Their  missions  in  India 
have  become  one  with  ours  and  the  union  of  hearts  as  well  as  of 
service  is  complete. 

These  recent  years  have  witnessed  unprecedented  appeals  to  our 
people  for  endowments  for  libraries,  museums,  hospitals,  homes, 
orphanages,  colleges,  and  universities,  but  notwithstanding  there  is  a 
strikingly  growing  appreciation  of  the  vast  missionary  work  left  to 
us  as  a  heritage  from  our  fathers  and  as  the  loving  legacy  of  our 
risen  Lord.  In  these  hundred  years  American  Baptists  have  con- 
tributed to  this  Society  $31,000,000. 

Foreign  missions  have  developed  in  us  a  world  consciousness.  They 
no  longer  permit  us  to  think  in  terms  of  a  sect.  They  have  given  us 
a  fine  list  of  truly  great  Christian  souls.  They  have  given  to  us  a 
divinely  inspired  and  continuing  Acts  of  the  Apostles.  Where  can 
you  find  a  cluster  of  greater  apostolic  missionary  names  than  Adoniram 
Judson,  William  Ashmore,  John  E.  Clough,  Johann  G.  Oncken,  and 
Knut  O.  Broady?  The  splendor  of  their  great  service  lights  all  our 
Baptist  horizon.  They  are  the  rich  heritage  which  we  proudly  hand 
down  to  our  children.  They  are  the  beacon  lights  along  our  way  of 
a  hundred  years.    They  make  our  Baptist  history  glorious. 

What  a  roster  of  great  names  in  our  foreign  secretaries  of  a  hun- 
dred years !  The  incomparable  William  Staughton,  grave  in  manner, 
spiritual  in  conversation,  indefatigable  in  action,  eloquent  in  speech ! 
The  prudent,  conciliatory,  peace-loving  Lucius  Bolles !  The  active, 
untiring,  masterful  Solomon  Peck !  The  gentle,  unselfish,  winning 
Robert  E.  Pattison !  That  great  and  admirable  Puritan  soldier, 
Edward  Bright !  The  big-hearted,  brotherly,  burden-bearing  Jonah  G. 
Warren !  The  courtly  statesman  and  sagacious  executor,  John  N. 
Murdoch !  The  Christian  nobleman,  generous  and  self-sacrificing, 
Samuel  W.  Duncan !  And  among  those  not  now  in  the  Society's 
service  but  still  spared  to  us,  the  flamingly  evangelistic  and  Christ- 
loving  Henry  C.  Mabie !  The  judicial,  equable,  and  devoted  Thomas 
S.  Barbour ! 

Gathered  about  them  are  the  names  of  our  great  Baptist  heroes 
among  laymen  and  ministers,  for  no  man  who  has  been  eminent  among 
us  for  a  hundred  years  but  has  been  a  lover  of  missions  and  allied 
with  its  work.  Out  of  this  glorious  company  of  the  last  half-cen- 
tury I  may  call  out  but  a  single  name,  Adoniram  Judson  Gordon, 
simple-hearted,  guileless,  devout,  passionately  aflame  with  devotion 
to  his  Lord.     He  became  a  princely  advocate  at  home  and  abroad 


205 


The  Judson  Centennial 


of  foreign  missions  and  won  among  us  fairly  his  high  place  in  our 
missionary  and  Baptist  sainthood. 

Perhaps  the  most  striking  change  and  growth  of  the  century  for 
us  Baptists  has  been  in  the  enlargement  of  our  thoughts  of  the  world- 
wide mission  of  the  church.  Not  since  apostolic  times  has  the 
apostolic  breadth  of  vision  and  service  been  realized  so  fully.  Bap- 
tists have  grown  out  of  the  narrow  ideas  of  a  sect  and  into  the 
world-wide  view  of  a  universal  brotherhood  in  Christ  and  a  universal 
church.  The  missionary  spirit  and  adventure,  whose  chief  seat  has 
been  here  in  Boston,  have  wrought  this  change.  We  are  no  longer 
narrowed  in  even  to  the  Anglo-Saxon  race.  We  have  carried  the 
gospel  to  a  multitude  of  nations  and  races.  We  have  planted  our- 
selves in  every  continent.  A  new  sense  of  the  wide  brotherhood  of 
Christian  obligations  and  of  race  uplifting  has  come  to  us.  These 
all  are  the  signs  that  the  swaddling  bands  of  our  childhood  and  of 
our  sectarian  interpretation  of  our  mission  in  the  world  are  giving 
place  to  the  broader  liberty  of  our  manhood  and  the  larger  service 
which  is  due  from  us  to  the  whole  world. 

Once  we  were  content  to  be  hidden;  now  we  are  pushing  to  the 
forefront  of  all  great  Christian  enterprises.  Once  we  looked  askance 
at  education;  now  we  are  distancing  all  competitors  in  our  eager- 
ness to  utilize  the  potencies  of  the  schools.  Once  we  thought  mainly 
of  ourselves,  our  feelings,  and  our  persecutors ;  now  we  are  meditating 
the  salvation  of  the  world.  Once  we  stood  conspicuously  for  the 
liberating  of  an  ordinance  from  ecclesiastical  perversion;  now  we 
stand  for  the  largest  interpretation  and  proclamation  of  an  evangelical 
faith.  Once  we  pleaded  for  liberty  for  ourselves  to  worship  God 
quietly,  freely,  and  obscurely,  according  to  the  dictates  of  our 
consciences;  now  we  are  grown  bold  to  plead  for  all  men  liberty, 
equality,  and  fraternity.  To  such  breadth  of  doctrinal  views,  life,  and 
opportunity,  has  our  God  brought  us  in  the  century  now  gone,  be- 
cause we  have  honestly  taken  for  our  work  "  to  go  into  all  the  world 
and  preach  the  gospel  to  every  creature." 

The  missionary  enterprise  fostered  through  a  century  by  this 
Society  has  given  us  a  broader  vision.  It  has  given  us  a  theology 
all  astir  with  life.  It  has  lifted  us  out  of  weakness  into  strength. 
It  has  led  us  out  of  our  hiding  to  sit  in  the  mountaintops  of  the 
world.  The  missionary  spirit  in  action  is  in  itself  a  large  and  safe- 
guarded interpreter  of  Christ  and  his  truth,  and  inevitably  leads  to  a 
broad  understanding  of  the  kingdom  of  God  among  men.  We  have 
insisted  in  season  and  out  of  season  upon  a  plain,  simple,  and  honest 

206 


The  Judson  Centennial 


translation  and  interpretation  of  the  Scriptures.  We  have  equally 
insisted  upon  the  same  plain,  simple,  and  honest  application  of  them 
to  the  lives  of  men  and  nations. 

If  we  shall  ever  be  willing  to  become  simply  analytical,  critical, 
self-contented,  and  self-conceited,  God  will  bring  us  low  and  our 
crown  of  glory  will  be  given  to  another.  No  one  of  the  great 
Christian  doctrines  which  we  held  at  the  beginning  of  the  century  has 
been  abandoned  at  the  close  of  it.  Each  one  has  gained  a  richer 
content  of  meaning.  The  century  has  wonderfully  illustrated  the 
fact  that  "  New  light  is  springing  out  of  God's  word,"  and  that  they 
who  honor  him  and  his  word  shall  be  abundantly  prospered. 

The  tens  upon  tens  of  thousands  of  men  and  women  who  have 
been  brought  out  of  the  grossest  heathenism  during  the  century,  and 
have  become  clothed  and  in  their  right  minds,  sitting  at  the  feet  of 
Jesus  Christ,  are  ample  testimony  to  the  wonderful  power  which 
flowed  out  from  the  cross  on  Calvary  upon  a  world  of  sinners.  It 
is  certain  "  that  he  is  able  to  save  even  to  the  uttermost  all  who 
come  to  God  by  him."  The  all-powerful  Lord  Jesus  Christ  who  was 
the  Saviour  of  our  fathers  at  the  beginning  of  the  century  is  the 
almighty  Saviour  also  of  us  their  children  at  the  end  of  it  and  for- 
ever. 


All  hail  the  power  of  Jesus'  name ! 

Let  angels  prostrate  fall ; 
Bring  forth  the  royal  diadem, 

And  crown  him  Lord  of  all ! 


VI 

WHY  WE  SHOULD  ENLARGE  OUR  PLANS 

By  John  R.  Mott,  LL.  D. 

I  esteem  it  a  rare  privilege  to  be  permitted  to  meet  with  so  many 
of  wide  vision  and  responsiveness  to  opportunity,  and  it  is  an  added 
honor  to  be  permitted  to  come  among  you  and  to  associate  myself 
with  you  in  this  impressive  centennial  observance;  for  you  close  at  this 
time  a  wonderful  century — a  century  of  pioneering  and  of  statesman- 
like effort;  a  century  of  seed-sowing,  of  watering,  of  the  shining  of 
the  sun,  and  of  reaping;  a  century  of  Christlike  living  and  of 
Christlike  dying;  a  century  of  devotion  and  of  obedience  to  the 
beckoning  Hand.  It  is  with  keen  reluctance  that  we  turn  from  a 
century  such  as  this  one  has  been  to  fix  our  gaze  on  the  coming  age. 

207 


The  Judson  Centennial 


I  need  not  remind  you  at  this  hour  that  our  best  days  He  ahead  of 
us.  Certainly  this  is  true,  because  of  the  larger  knowledge  we 
possess  as  we  enter  upon  the  new  century — larger  knowledge  of  the 
fields  to  which  we  have  been  providentially  related,  and  to  which  we 
shall  be  related  in  the  years  to  come;  larger  knowledge  of  the  prob- 
lems and  the  difficulties  confronting  us  in  these  battlefields;  larger 
knowledge  of  the  resources  at  our  disposal.  We  enter  the  new 
century  with  deeper  understanding  of  the  peoples  to  whom  we 
minister,  of  the  religions  with  which  we  reckon,  of  the  message 
which  we  bear.  We  pass  into  this  new  age  with  a  richer  experience 
than  we  carried  into  the  last  century,  an  experience  based  upon 
the  wonderful  occurrences  in  the  pathway  of  God's  providence  in 
many  fields  and  in  the  many  years  that  round  out  that  century.  It 
would  be  strange  if  our  best  days  did  not  lie  ahead  of  us. 

Certainly  they  do  because  of  our  larger  numbers.  We  face  the 
new  century  with  over  a  million  and  a  quarter  of  members  at  our 
home  base,  and  with  the  greatest  asset  which  God  has  placed  at  our 
disposal,  the  rising  native  churches,  drawing  on  toward  a  member- 
ship of  nearly  two  hundred  thousand  communicants.  Numbers  like 
these  in  contrast  with  a  few  tens  of  thousands  make  possible  im- 
measurably greater  achievements  in  the  coming  generations.  Our 
organization  has  been  perfected,  is  mobile,  adaptable,  widely  extended, 
well  coordinated,  and  this  spells  larger  responsibility  as  well  as 
larger  opportunity.  The  greatly  accelerated  momentum  caused  by 
the  releasing  of  an  increasing  volume  of  the  truth  of  God  carries 
with  it  a  marvelous  future  in  contrast  with  anything  we  have  ever 
had  in  the  past ;  and  the  opportunities  of  the  present  age  on  which 
we  now  enter  so  far  transcend  the  opportunities  of  our  predecessors 
that  the  new  age  seems  like  a  veritable  age  of  marvels  in  its  possi- 
bilities. 

Then,  we  should  not  overlook  the  fact  that  we  enter  a  gener- 
ation crowded  with  more  unsolved  problems  and  with  more  baffling 
difficulties  than  were  thrust  into  any  preceding  generation.  And 
this  is  but  an  opportunity  for  increased  greatness,  because  it  requires 
great  issues  and  great  difficulties  to  call  out  and  develop  great  men 
and  great  women.  It  requires  baffling  problems  and  situations  to 
release  our  latent  energies  and  to  unlock  our  superhuman  resources. 
Certainly  the  coming  age  is  going  to  be  far  better  than  any  age 
of  which  we  have  ever  read. 

Likewise,  this  is  true,  because  at  the  beginning  of  this  new  century 
we  find  ourselves  in  an  atmosphere  of  expectation,  of  large  view, 

208 


The  Judson  Centennial 


of  great  faith,  of  a  growing  conviction  that  God  has  been  preparing 
something  truly  wonderful  for  his  people. 

A  far  better  day  it  will  be  because  we  have  a  larger  Christ;  not  a 
new  Christ,  but  one  more  vast,  more  rich,  more  bewildering,  more 
overpoweriiig — I  will  not  say  more  satisfying — than  the  Christ  of 
our  predecessors.  And  this  for  an  obvious  reason  that  has  been 
borne  in  upon  us  in  every  session  of  this  centenary  observance,  and 
that  is  because  informed  and  transformed,  enlightened  and  enlivened 
by  the  living  Spirit,  the  nationalities  of  Asia  and  Africa  and  of  other 
parts  of  the  non-Christian  world  have  brought  in  their  contribution, 
their  interpretation  of  Christ,  and  have  revealed  more  largely  his 
excellences,  and  have  communicated  more  fully  his  power.  There- 
fore it  is  a  man  of  narrow  vision  whose  heart  does  not  beat  within 
liim  to-night  with  thankfulness  that  he  is  permitted  to  span  the  close 
of  the  last  century  and  the  beginning  of  the  new. 

My  friends,  I  see  no  limitation  to  the  possibilities  of  this  coming 
day.  Certainly  I  find  no  limitation  when  I  think  of  the  purposes  of 
your  Society.  Those  purposes  involve  making  Jesus  Christ  known  and 
loved  and  obeyed  by  all  members  of  the  inhabited  earth.  Those  pur- 
poses involve  bringing  the  principles  and  the  spirit  of  Jesus  to  bear 
upon  every  relationship  of  human  society  and  of  international  affairs. 
Those  purposes  involve  nothing  less  than  the  reconstruction  of  the 
non-Christian  world  and  the  powerful  reaction  upon  our  so-called 
Christendom.  The  limit  is  not  found,  therefore,  when  we  remind 
ourselves  of  our  aims. 

Nor  do  I  find  it  when  I  think  of  the  fields  to  which  your  Board  is 
related.  I  have  visited,  I  think,  all  but  possibly  one  of  your  many 
battlefields  in  Asia,  Africa,  Europe,  and  Latin  America,  and  I  have  no 
question  whatever  in  my  own  mind  that  the  living  God  related  you 
to  every  one  of  these  fields.  What  marvelous  insight  was  granted 
by  him  to  the  pioneers  and  founders  of  these  various  missions ! 
A  divine  strategy,  a  penetration,  startling,  and  only  explicable  by 
bringing  the  Spirit  of  God  upon  the  scene,  characterize  the  pointing 
of  the  path  into  these  fields  of  opportunity.  I  do  not  find  any  limita- 
tion— and  I  have  visited  forty-five  of  the  nations — when  I  look  at  the 
nations  to  which  you  are  related. 

Nor  do  I  find  any  limit  to  the  possibilities  of  the  new  age  when 
I  think  of  this  particular  time.  Believe  me,  it  is  the  time  of  all 
times.  I  said  to  the  students  at  the  Kansas  City  Convention  that  I 
would  rather  live  during  the  next  ten  years  than  at  any  time  of  which 
I  have  read  or  of  which  I  can  dream.    The  age  of  the  ages ! 


209 


The  Judson  Centennial 


Nor  do  I  find  a  limitation  when  I  think  of  the  person  of  God. 
When  you  and  I  remember  who  he  is,  what  his  character  is,  what  his 
disposition  is,  what  his  resources,  his  ways,  his  customs  are,  this  is 
the  last  place  where  we  would  fall  back  in  unbelief  and  place  a  limit 
upon  what  may  take  place  in  the  coming  age. 

The  only  possible  place  where  I  can  think  of  limitation  would  be 
in  the  lives  of  those  of  his  children  who  are  related  to  the  kingdom  in 
a  responsible  way  at  this  critical  moment  in  the  expanding  of  his  plans 
for  the  kingdom.  It  might  be — I  trust  not  here  among  our  vast  com- 
pany to-night — that  in  the  lives  of  some  there  is  a  lack  of  devotion,  a 
lack  of  adventure,  a  lack  of  heroism,  a  lack  of  vicariousness,  a  lack 
of  faith,  a  lack  of  serviceableness,  which  might  thwart  the  plans  of 
God. 

We  are  summoned  to  draw  plans.  We  must  have  the  larger 
plans  in  order  that  we  may  be  true  to  the  last  century.  Has  that 
last  century  been  a  success?  It  would  seem  so,  but  we  cannot  yet 
fully  tell.  It  is  our  duty  to  make  that  century  an  outstanding  success. 
We  owe  a  vast  obligation  to  that  marvelous  past  that  it  may  remain 
a  marvel  as  the  history  of  Christ's  church  is  written.  We  may  nullify 
it  all.  We  must  have  the  larger  plans,  therefore,  in  order  to  enter  into 
the  heritage  prepared  by  the  absolutely  certain  working  of  God's  laws 
in  the  years  that  lie  behind  us. 

You  ask  me  what  laws.  First,  the  law  of  sowing  and  reaping. 
There  has  been  an  immense  amount  of  seed  scattered  over  these  fields 
where  you  are  represented.  I  have  observed  with  my  own  eyes, 
and  in  my  judgment  it  is  very  good  seed  which  has  been  sown. 
The  difficulty  has  not  been  with  the  seed-sowing.  It  is  a  law  of  God 
that  where  there  has  been  seed-sowing  and  nurturing  and  ripening, 
there  will  come  a  time  when  with  adequacy  we  shall  gather  in  the 
harvest.  We  can  defeat  the  seed-sowing  and  nurturing  and  water- 
ing of  the  past  by  having  contracted  plans  with  reference  to  the 
thrusting  in  of  the  sickle. 

Another  of  those  laws  of  God  which  is  absolutely  reliable  is  that 
of  prayer.  On  the  authority  and  character  of  Jesus,  where  there  has 
been  knocking  there  shall  be  opening,  where  there  has  been  seeking 
there  shall  be  finding.  I  raise  the  question  seriously  to-night  whether 
on  any  other  part  of  the  wide  world  field  more  disinterested  interces- 
sion has  been  focused  than  upon  several  at  least  of  the  fields  to 
which  you  are  providentially  related.  But  in  vain  is  it  for  Chris- 
tians to  be  faithful  in  secret  prayer  and  in  corporate  communion  un- 
less the  generation  of  Christians  who  follow  on  shall  enter  into  their 

210 


The  Judson  Centennial 


possessions.  We  need  to  rise  up  in  our  plans  on  a  larger  scale  to 
possess  our  possessions.    They  are  there. 

Another  law  is  that  of  Christlike  living.  My  heart  has  been 
strangely  moved  as  I  have  lived  at  times  in  the  homes  of  many  of 
the  missionaries  of  this  Board.  If  I  had  no  other  evidences  that  Christ 
is,  and  was,  than  those  that  I  have  found  in  the  homes  of  some  of 
the  Baptist  missionaries,  I  would  have  to  believe  in  the  deity  of 
our  Lord  Jesus  Christ.  (Applause.)  And  I  have  found  them  like- 
wise among  the  so-called  native  Christians.  Some  of  them,  whose 
names  I  could  mention  to-night,  have  caused  my  own  heart  to  burn 
within  me  as  I  have  been  in  their  presence.  The  roof  has  seemed  to 
lift,  and  I  have  found  myself  in  heavenly  places.  What  good  is  it, 
however,  for  us  to  have  Christ  break  out  through  human  lives  unless 
we  press  the  marvelous  advantage  that  it  gives  us  with  its  present- 
day  conquering  apologetic. 

Then,  there  is  the  law  of  sacrifice.  Yes,  I  have  followed  that 
wavering  red  line  over  your  fields,  and  I  have  followed  it  here  at 
the  home  base  as  I  have  gone  among  many  of  the  homes  that  have 
released  the  sons  and  the  daughters,  and  have  given  of  the  gifts  in 
that  spirit  so  beautifully,  so  adequately  expressed  by  the  last  speaker. 
"  I  say.  Except  a  corn  of  wheat  fall  into  the  ground  and  die  it 
abideth  by  itself  alone;  but  if  it  die,  it  bringeth  forth  much  fruit," 
not  little  fruit.  We  have  had  a  preparation  for  a  colossal  harvest, 
one  that  so  far  transcends  any  plans  we  have  had  on  foot  in  this 
Board  or  in  any  other  mission  board  with  which  I  am  familiar,  that 
at  times  it  makes  me  impatient  as  I  think  of  the  designs  of  God  and 
the  wishes  of  Christ. 

We  must  have  the  larger  plans  in  order  to  do  our  share  in  the 
way  of  entering  the  open  doors  now  ajar  in  all  parts  of  the  non- 
Christian  world.  There  has  been  no  time  like  the  present  in  all  the 
annals  of  the  Christian  religion ;  and  I  say  that  as  a  life  student  of 
history  and  as  one  who  has  just  rounded  out  his  twenty  years  of 
world  travel.  There  has  been  no  time  like  it.  But  it  is  not  that 
which  appeals  to  me  so  much  as  the  reflection  that,  so  far  as  I  can 
look  into  the  future,  there  can  come  no  day  when  the  opportunity 
will  be  wider  than  it  is  right  now.  Where,  for  example,  is  there 
another  nation  of  four  hundred  millions  after  China  to  turn  from  an 
ancient  civilization  and  to  sweep  out  into  the  full  tide  of  the  modern 
age?  Where  is  there  another  continent  after  India  to  be  swept  by  the 
spirit  of  unrest,  and  therefore  to  be  made  peculiarly  accessible  to 
that  which  pure  Christianity  only  brings  to  a  people?    Where  is  there 

O  211 


The  Judson  Centennial 


such  another  keystone  to  the  vast  Moslem  arch  after  the  Turkish 
Empire  and  the  Nile  Valley  to  be  seamed  and  cracked  through,  making 
possible  the  disruption  of  this  gigantic  system  at  its  base  ?  Where  is 
there  another  continent  after  Africa  for  which  Mohammedanism  and 
Christianity  may  contend?  So  I  reiterate,  I  cannot  picture  a  future 
that  can  see  a  wider  door  than  that  which  opens  before  your  Board 
and  the  other  Protestant  churches  in  this  time  of  times. 

And  the  startling  thing  about  it  is  that  it  comes  at  the  time  when 
our  problems  here  on  the  home  field  are  the  most  numerous  and  the 
most  baffling.  The  man  that  does  not  believe  in  the  home  missionary 
society  at  a  time  like  this  isn't  much  interested  in  foreign  missions. 

The  other  day,  when  I  was  crossing  the  Atlantic  Ocean,  I  asked 
myself  this  question:  Why  is  it  that,  at  the  very  moment  when  we 
have  our  greatest  problems  here  on  the  home  field,  God  has  thrust 
upon  the  brain  and  conscience  and  the  will  of  Christendom  the  great- 
est opportunity  of  the  ages  abroad?  I  trust  that  the  answer  which  I 
gave  myself  that  day  on  the  sea  is  the  right  answer.  God  sees  that 
he  now  has  on  earth  a  generation  of  Christians  with  whom  he  can 
trust  a  situation  which  is  literally  world-wide.  His  eye  looks  beneath 
the  surface,  and  he  finds  what  I  have  to-night  advisedly  called,  lying 
comparatively  latent  in  his  followers,  capacities  for  discernment,  for 
courage,  for  sacrifice,  for  statecraft,  for  leadership,  which  alone, 
with  his  own  assured  superhuman  resources,  make  possible  dealing 
adequately  with  this  overpowering  situation  both  at  home  and  abroad. 
But  we  must  have  the  larger  plans. 

We  must  have  them,  likewise,  because  so  many  nations  just  now 
are  in  a  plastic  condition,  but  soon  to  become  fixed  or  set  like  plaster 
on  the  wall.  Shall  they  set  in  Christian  molds,  or  in  pagan  or  anti- 
Christian  riiolds?  The  forces  of  pure  Christianity  only  can  answer 
that  question  completely.  They  can.  But  they  cannot  wait,  and 
present  plans  will  not  answer  the  question.  We  must  widen  out  our 
plans  and  strike  while  the  iron  is  hot  in  Far  East  and  Near  East,  in 
Southern  Asia,  in  all  parts  of  Africa,  and  in  the  East  India  island 
world,  not  to  mention  the  Greek  and  Roman  Catholic  Church  countries, 
which  certainly  should  be  mentioned.     (Applause.) 

We  must  have  the  larger  plans  because  of  the  rising  tide  of 
nationalism  and  of  racial  patriotism  which  is  surging  and  rushing, 
even  leaping,  on  every  hand.  Wherever  I  have  gone  in  my  late 
journeys  I  have  become  vividly  conscious  of  the  thrill  of  a  new  life — 
nations  being  reborn,  peoples  coming  to  their  own.  It  is  an  inspiring 
time  to  travel,  as  I  said  to  one  of  my  friends  on  this  platform  who  is 

212 


The  Judson  Centennial 


just  about  to  start  out  on  a  world  journey.  There  has  been  no  thne 
like  it.  Now,  if  Christianity  identifies  itself  with  these  rising  national 
and  racial  aspirations,  her  mission  may  be  tremendously  facilitated 
and  accelerated;  whereas  if  she  fails  to  do  so,  it  will,  in  my  judg- 
ment, be  indefinitely  and  most  seriously  retarded.  Let  us  not  forget 
the  lesson  of  Japan  of  the  '90's  and  of  the  first  part  of  the  present 
century.  Let  us  think  what  might  have  taken  place  in  Japan  had  we 
recognized  the  day  of  our  visitation  in  the  '8o's  and  the  late  '70's, 
and  had  thrown  ourselves  in  with  the  national  spirit  as  fully  as  we 
might.  Some  day  those  who  follow  us  will  be  making  like  remarks 
about  China  and  India,  and  even  the  African  tribes.  May  God  give 
us  discernment  to  see  that  a  nationality  is  as  much  his  creature  as 
the  family  or  the  church  and  that  we  should  harmonize  our  mis- 
sions. John  Hay  wrote  the  name  of  America  high  among  the  nations 
when  he  insisted  that  the  Golden  Rule  applies  between  nations  as 
well  as  between  individuals  (applause),  and  I  am  glad  that  President 
Wilson,  say  what  men  may  about  this  policy  and  that,  holds  a  straight 
course  of  righteousness  (applause)  with  reference  to  our  relation 
to  other  people. 

We  must  have  the  larger  plans  because  of  the  greater  dangers 
that  beset  us  just  now  by  reason  of  the  marked  shrinkage  of  the 
world  caused  by  the  recent  greatly  improved  means  of  communication. 
These  have  set  the  nations  and  races  to  acting  and  reacting  upon 
each  other  with  startling  directness  and  power  and  constancy  and, 
let  me  add,  virulence.  We  are  living  in  the  most  dangerous  time  in 
the  history  of  the  world.  Friction  points  have  greatly  multiplied. 
There  is  an  increasing  demoralization,  likewise,  wherever  the  races 
have  been  thrown  against  each  other  without  the  guiding,  restraining, 
and  purifying  force  of  Christianity  in  its  purest  form.  No  policy  of 
segregation  is  practicable,  as  some  tell  us.  No  policy  of  amalgamation 
will  do.  That  is  following  the  line  of  least  resistance.  Military  and 
naval  domination  will  but  accentuate  the  dangers.  Education  by 
itself  will  make  the  nations  more  dangerous,  because  education  shows 
us  how  to  use  our  weapons  and  how  to  sharpen  them.  But  to  use 
them  for  what  and  against  what?  Only  education  in  its  true  form 
as  represented  by  a  Board  like  this  can  meet  the  situation,  which 
says  we  must  change  the  disposition  of  men;  we  must  deal  with  the 
motive  life,  with  the  ideals,  with  the  springs  of  life,  releasing  the 
endless  life  of  Christ  himself.  Only  the  religion  of  the  Golden  Rule 
and  of  the  universal  commandment  of  love,  even  loving  our  enemies, 
can  make  this  world  a  safe  place. 


213 


The  Judson  Centennial 


But,  friends,  we  cannot  wait  half  a  generation  before  we  widen  our 
plans.  These  dangers  will  swamp  us  before  that.  If  I  were  not  a 
Christian  I  would  believe  profoundly  in  foreign  missions  solely 
on  grounds  of  patriotism.  I  do  not  understand  the  man  in  this  day, 
when  the  world  has  found  itself  for  the  first  time  as  a  unity — that  is, 
as  one  body,  who  is  not  aflame  with  unselfish  zeal  for  the  spread 
of  foreign  missions.  You  cannot  play  with  cancers.  A  cancer  in 
India  or  Africa  or  China  will  sooner  or  later  affect  America  and 
Scotland  and  Holland.  We  who  have  taken  poison  to  these  places 
must  also  take  the  antidote.  Or  if  we  have  in  mind  those  evils  which 
originated  with  the  non-Christian  civilizations,  we  must  go  to  the 
sources  of  infection  and  contagion  and  let  loose  life  which  alone  can 
overcome  the  caress  of  death. 

What  is  death?  Separation  from  vitality.  We  must  release  the 
living  Christ.  No  other  religion  has  life.  We  must  enlarge  our 
plans,  because  the  great  works  of  constructive  statesmanship  imper- 
atively demand  it  in  the  next  ten  years. 

What  are  some  of  these  works?  The  creation  of  the  medical  pro- 
fession for  nearly  six  hundred  millions  of  the  one  thousand  millions 
of  the  non-Christian  world.  We  are  going  to  require,  in  my  judg- 
ment, three  hundred  additional  medical  missionaries  in  China  in  the 
next  three  years.  But  the  most  optimistic  student  of  the  sources  of 
supply  does  not  see  them  forthcoming,  neither  does  he  see  any 
mission  board  which  has  a  plan  large  enough  to  encourage  them  and 
send  them  out.  The  creation  of  this  medical  mission  involves  not 
only  augmenting  the  medical  staff,  but  tremendously  strengthening 
our  hospitals.  I  think  possibly  President  Eliot  overstated  it — cer- 
tainly he  did  not  intend  to,  but  he  overstated  when  he  said  in  my 
hearing  that  he  did  not  know  of  a  hospital  in  China  which  was 
efficient.  I  think  I  could  tell  him  of  several  that  are  highly  efficient, 
judged  by  the  results,  which  is  the  chief  test.  But  I  think  there  is 
enough  force  in  his  criticism  to  cause  painstaking  investigation  of  our 
whole  medical  establishment  and  a  widening  of  our  plans  that  we  may 
measure  up  to  this  modern  age. 

We  must  have  statesmanship  also  in  order  that  we  may  give 
directive  to  the  leadership  of  these  rising  nations  throughout  the  non- 
Christian  world.  And  how  can  that  be  done?  If  we  can  trust  his- 
tory— and  we  may — it  may  be  done  chiefly  by  developing  an  adequate 
system  of  higher  education.  Nothing  has  filled  me  with  greater  satis- 
faction than  what  Doctor  Haggard  told  me  to-night  of  the  large  policy 
and  plan  that  you  have  laid  out  in  the  realm  of  education  at  home  and 


214 


The  Judson  Centennial 


abroad.  To  my  mind  this  is  most  timely  and  prophetic,  and  I  beheve 
in  it  with  my  whole  soul.     It  has  come  none  too  soon. 

We  must  have  a  statesmanship  also  that  we  may  grapple  worthily 
with  the  problem  of  supplying  Christian  literature  to  the  hungry  and 
thirsty  hundreds  of  millions  who  must  look  to  us  for  meeting  this 
deep  need.  We  are  playing  with  the  problem  to-day  in  every  field — 
in  every  field,  relatively  speaking. 

Then  we  must  have  a  statesmanship  in  order  to  raise  up  and  train 
leaders,  not  only  for  the  other  walks  of  life  that  I  had  primarily  in 
mind  in  the  remark  I  just  made,  but  more  especially  for  the  rising 
churches.  We  are  desperately  lame  at  this  point.  If  you  have  any 
doubt  on  the  point,  read  the  findings  of  the  twenty-one  conferences 
which  I  had  the  honor  of  conducting  a  year  ago  in  Southern  Asia 
and  the  Far  East,  and  what  is  said  there,  I  fancy,  might  have  been 
said  of  Africa  and  of  Latin  America  and  of  other  parts  of  the  non- 
Christian  world.  Statesmanship  only — that  is,  enlarging  the  plans — 
will  meet  a  situation  like  this  in  time. 

We  must  have  the  statesmanship  also  to  lay  secure  foundations  and 
to  give  wise  guidance  to  what  I  keep  calling  these  rising  national 
churches  in  all  the  field.  We  are  in  great  danger  now  that  these 
churches  will  pull  their  anchor  and  break  away  from  the  acquired 
experiences  and  lessons  of  centuries  of  God's  people  in  his  church  and 
of  what  he  is  doing  in  his  church  in  other  nations.  To  my  mind  this 
is  one  of  the  most  threatening  of  all  the  dangers  in  the  non-Christian 
world.  It  will  impoverish  us  at  home  ultimately  if  we  allow  these 
churches  to  become  emaciated  by  being  cut  off  from  the  tides  of 
God  in  other  centuries  and  in  other  lands. 

We  must  have  statesmanship — that  is,  larger  plans,  in  order  that 
we  may  guide  wisely — and  just  now  there  is  danger  of  a  lot  of  mis- 
takes— the  growing  movement  of  federation,  cooperation,  and  unity. 
You  know  there  is  such  a  thing  as  going  too  fast  in  this  business. 
I  do  not  think  it  is  our  great  danger,  but  in  some  of  the  fields  it 
certainly  is  a  danger.  We  need  wide  plans  with  reference  to  all  these 
movements  that  involve  our  relationship  to  other  Christian  com- 
munions in  this  critical  moment  in  the  expanding  of  the  kingdom. 

We  must  have  the  large  plans  in  order  that  we  may  develop  an 
adequate  base  for  this  world-wide  war  in  this  decade  which  appar- 
ently requires  that  we  do  more  than  we  have  ever  had  to  do  in  any 
preceding  three  decades.  We  cannot  do  it  with  our  present  plan. 
We  might  as  well  be  honest  and  not  deceive  ourselves,  we  must 
widen  out. 


215 


The  Judson  Centennial 


And  then  there  are  certain  other  obvious  advantages.  I  put  aside 
some  of  these  other  reasons  that  I  wished  to  give,  why  we  must  have 
larger  plans,  in  order  to  say  a  word  about  what  this  involves.  Cer- 
tainly it  would  be  a  truism  to  say,  in  view  of  what  I  have  said,  that 
it  involves  the  larger  plans.  I  mean  the  demand  for  the  larger  plans 
necessitates  the  larger  plans.  The  time  has  come  for  us,  in  my 
judgment,  to  take  the  whole  world  for  the  first  time  literally  into  our 
plan.  This  includes  the  unoccupied  fields,  and  as  chairman  of  the 
Continuation  Committee  which  unites  all  the  foreign  missionary 
societies  of  the  Protestant  world,  I  stand  here  to-night  to  say  with 
conviction  that  we  simply  must  have  the  help  of  the  Baptist  Board 
and  the  Baptist  communion  to  enter  these  unoccupied  fields.  And 
when  I  say  that,  I  ask  you  to  bear  in  mind  the  address  of  Doctor 
Bitting  as  to  the  contribution  that  Baptist  Christianity  has  to  make 
to  the  expanding  kingdom.  We  cannot  escape  our  responsibility. 
(Applause.) 

Our  plans  must  include  the  citadels  of  the  non-Christian  world.  As 
Christians  we  have  been — I  am  speaking  now  of  all  the  churches — 
flagging  around  some  of  our  principal  obligations.  We  have  assumed 
that  there  were  some  Gibraltars  in  the  non-Christian  world.  We  have 
no  proof  whatever  to  convince  us  that  there  are.  We  have  not  ade- 
quately tested  our  own  powers,  still  less  the  powers  of  God.  The 
time  has  come  when  it  will  be  honoring  to  God  and  to  his  followers 
to  face  up  to  the  so-called  Gibraltars  of  the  non-Christian  world. 
There  are  not  a  few  men  and  women  gathered  here  within  the 
sound  of  my  voice  to-night  who  will  not  taste  death  until  we  see  the 
kingdom  of  God  come  in  power  in  the  most  difficult  fields  of  the  world. 
(Applause.)  And  I  envy  those  young  men  and  young  women  here 
to-night  who  are  going  to  place  their  lives,  in  this  closing  session 
of  this  centennial  observance,  at  the  disposal  of  the  Uving  Christ, 
like  Judson,  to  serve  as  pioneers.  There  would  be  something  strangely 
incongrtious,  Mr.  Chairman,  in  a  Judson  Centennial  which  did  not 
witness  not  only  new  volunteers  but  volunteers  who  would  say,  "  We 
will  go  as  Judson  went,  to  countries  where  Christ  has  never  been 
named."  I  have  no  doubt  about  it;  he  is  speaking  to  some  of  us. 
(Applause.) 

Where  is  the  man  who  will  be  commemorated  a  hundred  years 
hence  for  pressing  Christ  into  some  of  these  vast  areas  where  people 
have  not  the  opportunity  to  know  him?  I  envy  that  man,  those 
men,  those  women;  they  are  here  to-night. 

We  must  have  not  only  the  larger  plan,  but  we  must  have  the 

216 


The  Judson  Centennial 


larger  unity.  I  said  at  Edinburgh  that  a  practical  plan  of  cooper- 
ation entered  into  intelligently  and  adhered  to  loyally  would  be  more 
than  the  equivalent  of  doubling  the  present  Protestant  missionary 
forces  of  the  world.  I  think  it  is  an  understatement.  No  man  has 
ever  adversely  criticized  it.  But  even  if  it  is  not  an  overstatement, 
if  it  is  an  understatement,  think  of  the  terms  we  are  dealing  with ! 
It  is  a  large  matter  to  which  your  attention  was  addressed  in  a  very 
special  way  by  my  good  friend.  Doctor  Franklin,  in  one  of  your 
earlier  meetings,  when,  as  a  prophet,  he  summoned  you  into  the  larger 
synthesis  of  the  kingdom  with  your  brothers  and  sisters,  who,  like 
yourselves,  have  professed  the  excellent  faith  and  would  lay  down 
their  lives  for  the  cross.     (Applause.) 

I  received  the  impression  when  I  was  in  China  the  last  time  save 
one,  that  here  were  seventy  separate  armies  moving  upon  a  common 
enemy,  but  without  any  strategy.  Thank  God,  I  did  not  receive  that 
impression  last  year.  In  these  Continuation  Committee  Conferences, 
the  missionaries  of  every  Board  represented,  including  your  own,  by 
unanimous  vote,  committed  themselves  to  a  unified  plan,  not  officially, 
but  to  my  mind  it  meant  all  the  more.  I  have  learned  to  trust  un- 
official gatherings  sometimes  more  than  I  do  the  official  ones,  for  this 
reason,  that  when  we  have  the  official  gathering  and  pass  a  resolu- 
tion, count  the  votes,  put  down  the  result  in  the  minutes,  we  assume 
that  that  will  carry  it ;  whereas,  if  it  is  unofficial,  we  sometimes  succeed 
in  locating  it  nearer  the  conscience  and  the  will.  Therefore,  when 
these  trusted  Protestant  leaders  of  the  church  of  God  unanimously 
said,  "  We  want  to  walk  together  in  higher  education,  in  medical 
missions,  in  literary  production,  in  the  observance  of  comity,  in  many 
other  ways,"  I  heard  the  call  of  this  wonderful  age  to  which  I 
directed  attention  in  the  beginning  of  my  remarks  to-night. 

Friends,  again  I  say  it  will  so  far  transcend  anything  that  our 
predecessors  have  known  when  we  are  able  to  furnish  this  mightiest 
apologetic  that  Christ  had  in  mind  when  he  prayed,  not  as  an  end  in 
itself  that  we  might  be  one,  but  that  the  world  might  believe — that  you 
and  I  do  well  to  thank  God  as  we  go  from  this  Convention,  that  we  live 
in  this  age.  It  involves  not  only  the  larger  plans  and  the  larger  unity, 
but  it  involves  greater  reality.  If  this  present  world  situation  and  this 
century  that  you  have  rounded  out  to-night  do  not  move  you  and 
me,  then  I  ask  reverently  what  God  Almighty  can  do  in  the  rest  of 
our  lives  that  will  move  us  ?  What  kind  of  a  situation  can  he  create 
on  earth?  What  can  he  do  in  any  century  that  will  lead  us  to  believe 
on  him  and  follow  his  beckoning  hand?    It  is  a  summons  to  reality, 


217 


The  Judson  Centennial 


not  only  revising  our  plans  but,  where  necessary,  revising  our  lives; 
placing  our  lives  at  the  disposal  of  Christ,  henceforth  to  do  his  will 
and  not  our  own  will,  cost  what  it  may;  placing  our  lives  also  v^^here 
they  will  count  most  in  this  strategic  age.  And  it  involves  relating 
the  money  power  more  largely  to  the  plans  of  the  expanding  king- 
dom. We  must  scale  up  this  whole  matter  of  our  giving.  One  of 
your  members  told  me  on  the  way  here  to-night  that  you  were  now 
giving  an  average  of  about  seventy-five  cents  per  member  per  annum 
to  the  foreign  missionary  enterprise.  Let  me  refer  to  a  church  to 
which  I  do  not  belong,  but  you  will  forgive  me  if  I  say  my  wife 
does  belong  to  it,  the  United  Presbyterian  Church;  that  little  church 
of  only  a  little  over  a  hundred  thousand  members  gives  eight  dollars 
and  fifty  cents  per  capita.  (Applause.)  And  that  is  not  straining 
them — that  is  not  impoverishing  them.  There  are  no  signs  of  failure. 
It  has  led  to  a  great  increase  in  all  the  home  societies.  That  scale 
would  put  in  the  hands  of  your  Foreign  Board  at  least  $10,000,000  a 
year.     How  well  you  could  spend  it  in  view  of  the  coming  age ! 

It  is  not  a  matter  of  mere  vision,  it  is  a  matter  of  what  Mrs.  Mont- 
gomery called  spiritual  discernment,  spiritual  estimates,  reality. 

I  see  not  a  few  people  here  to-night  who  have  not  yet  signed  these 
cards,  that  I  have  no  doubt  it  is  the  wish  of  God  they  shall  give 
more  than  $1,000  toward  clearing  off  this  debt,  in  order  that  this 
Board  may  rise  in  newness  of  life.  I  see  more  than  one  person  here 
who  has  been  giving  $100,  that  ought  to  be  supporting  a  missionary, 
and  some  who  have  been  priding  themselves  because  they  support  one 
missionary  who  ought  to  be  supporting  three,  four,  or  possibly  five 
missionaries. 

This  reality  is  going  to  cost  lives.  I  cannot  get  away  from  that.  I 
did  not  come  here  without  the  prayer  that  lives  might  be  dedicated  to 
him.  I  wish  I  had  many  lives.  I  would  like  to  put  one  in  every 
field  to  which  your  Board  is  providentially  related.  We  must  have 
this  strain  of  sacrifice.  What  is  the  spirit  of  missions?  It  is  the 
spirit  of  Christ.  What  is  the  spirit  of  Christ?  It  is  the  spirit  of 
sacrifice.  And  his  sacrifice  began  long  before  Gethsemane.  It  was  a 
life  of  self-denial.  He  never  hid  his  scars  to  any  discipline.  You 
make  the  gospel  difficult  and  you  make  it  triumphant.  You  obscure 
the  cross  and  the  heroes  do  not  rise  up.  Let  us  rise  to-night  and 
put  ourselves  in  his  hands.  Let  there  be  an  extensive  sacrifice 
that  will  reach  to  the  ends  of  the  earth.  It  involves  a  larger  sense  of 
immediacy ;  it  means  that  every  one  in  the  sound  of  my  voice  shall 
henceforth  live  under  the  spell  of  urgency  under  which  Christ  lived 

218 


The  Judson  Centennial 


when  he  said,  "  I  must  work  the  works  of  Him  that  sent  me  while  it 
is  day,  for  the  night  cometh  when  no  man  can  work."  The  Moslem 
advance  is  not  waiting.  The  sixty  million  of  untouchables  in  India 
are  to  be  absorbed  within  half  a  generation,  perchance.  Shall  it  be 
by  Hinduism,  Mohammedanism,  or  Christianity?  The  Confucian 
reaction  does  not  wait.  The  three  years'  united  evangelistic  cam- 
paign in  Japan  has  begun;  it  will  not  wait. 

The  work  that  centuries  might  have  done 
Must  crowd  the  hour  of  setting  sun. 

Too  many  of  us  have  been  planning  and  giving  and  working  as 
though  we  had  more  than  one  generation  in  which  to  do  our  life- 
work.  As  a  matter  of  fact,  no  one  in  this  room  has  even  one 
generation.  Therefore  I  say  it  with  solemnity,  as  I  sit  down :  Let  each 
one  here  so  plan  and  so  act  that  if  a  sufficient  number  of  other  Chris- 
tians would  so  plan  and  so  act,  we  might  make  the  living  Christ 
known  to  all  living  men  while  they  are  living.     (Applause.) 


VII 

THE  APPEAL  OF  THE  EAST  TO  THE  CHURCHES  OF 
THE  WEST 

By  Rev.  W.  A.  Hill 

Long  ago  a  few  men  came  from  the  Far  East  to  find  the  birthplace 
of  the  Saviour.  They  found  the  place,  and  the  Scripture  says  that 
they  found  him  and  presented  themselves  unto  him;  that  is,  they  fell 
down  and  worshiped  him.  Their  first  consideration  was  the  presen- 
tation of  themselves.  And  then  it  says  that  they  "  opened  their 
treasures,"  for  they  had  brought  treasures  to  him,  and  they  gave  out 
of  those  treasures  gold  and  frankincense  and  myrrh — gold,  the 
symbol  of  service;  frankincense,  the  symbol  of  sacrifice;  and  myrrh, 
the  symbol  of  suffering. 

The  total  impression  that  has  been  forced  in  upon  my  mind  as 
I  have  thought  of  the  great  appeal  of  the  Eastern  world  to  the 
churches  of  the  West,  drives  me  to  these  men  to  whom  I  have  made 
reference  and  to  this  One  before  whom  they  bowed.  They  brought 
unto  him  the  best  gifts  they  could  bring.  They  brought  them  in 
orderly  fashion.  They  gave  the  most  important  gift  first,  the  gift 
of  themselves.    They  had  a  vision  which  led  them  to  this  experience. 

219 


The  Judson  Centennial 


They  saw  the  star  in  the  Eastern  sky.  It  was  an  Eastern  star  in  an 
Eastern  sky;  it  is  written  about  in  an  Eastern  book.  They  had  a 
vision  of  something  that  was  to  ilkimine  their  own  hearts  and  then 
the  world. 

I  think  that  since  the  Northern  Baptist  Convention  has  been 
organized  there  has  never  been  a  meeting  when  it  has  come  so  near 
to  the  realization  of  its  own  self-consciousness  and  power  as  at  this 
meeting  in  Tremont  Temple.  (Applause.)  We  have  been  busy  with 
the  mechanics  of  our  great  organization  and  our  great  denomination, 
and  now  during  this  Convention  we  have  had  a  vision  of  the  great 
evangelistic  work  of  our  denomination,  a  new  vision  of  that  work. 
It  has  been  presented  by  men  who  are  able  to  present  it.  We  have 
had  the  great  educational  vision  brought  before  us.  We  have  listened 
to  the  reports  of  careful  and  specific  study  of  our  denominational 
work,  and  I  am  sure  we  all  have  been  lifted  into  a  new  conception 
of  what  we  must  do  as  a  denomination. 

I  am  very  much  afraid  that  many  of  us  have  not  gotten  away 
from  the  romantic  period  of  missions  and  are  not  realizing  that  we 
are  in  the  work  period  of  Christian  missions.  And  instead  of  seeing 
a  man  over  yonder  doing  something,  with  a  halo  around  his  head,  we 
must  look  at  a  man  trudging  around  through  the  dirt  and  through  the 
dust  or  riding  in  ox-carts  hours  after  hours  or  going  up  and  down  one 
of  the  rivers  and  working  months  after  months  to  carry  the  gospel 
to  some  little  village.  It  is  a  practical  business.  I  wonder  if  the 
Northern  Baptist  Convention  has  yet  come  into  the  fulness  of  the 
realization  of  the  noble  missionary  enterprise? 

I  will  tell  you  why  I  think  we  have  not.  Because  we  have  not 
given  the  money  to  back  up  the  thing  we  have  undertaken  to  do — 
because  we  have  not  been  ready  to  send  out  these  young  men  and 
these  young  women.  If  for  the  moment  this  Convention  or  any  group 
of  men  who  have  means  could  see  with  open  eyes  the  work  that  is 
actually  being  done  under  the  banner  of  the  cross  of  Christ  in 
foreign  lands,  they  would  give  their  gifts  out  of  a  full  and  loving 
heart. 

We  have  traveled  around  the  world,  from  36,000  to  over  40,000 
miles,  studying  Christian  missions.  We  have  gone  into  the  lands  of 
Japan,  the  Philippines,  China,  Burma,  studying  Christian  missions 
under  our  denomination  in  the  Straits  Settlements  at  Singapore,  on 
through  Burma,  into  India,  North  and  South ;  into  the  very  center 
of  Assam,  and  up  into  the  mountains  of  Assam  where  Brother  Long- 
well  is,  and  then  back  again,  down  to  the  larger  cities  of  India,  and 

220 


The  Judson  Centennial 


thence  homeward  by  the  Eastern  route.  It  has  been  my  privilege 
personally  to  meet  three  hundred  of  our  own  Baptist  missionaries, 
and  to  bring  to  my  home  over  five  hundred  photographs  of  the  Chris- 
tian mission  work.  And  I  do  feel  this  afternoon  if  I  can  but  make 
plain  one  or  two  things  that  are  upon  my  heart,  I  shall  be  satisfied. 

Now,  these  men,  when  they  came  from  the  Far  East,  came  that 
they  might  present  themselves.  Absolutely  the  first  thing  that  we 
must  do  in  our  consecration  is  the  presentation  of  ourselves,  with  no 
reservation,  with  absolute  confidence  that  the  infinite  God  can  come 
in  and  take  possession  of  our  lives  and  utilize  our  every  moment  for 
his  sake. 

I  want  to  ask  this  afternoon  if  we  cannot  put  more  of  an  emphasis 
upon  man  and  less  of  an  emphasis  upon  money.  I  do  not  wish  to  be 
misunderstood  at  this  point.  Is  it  not  possible  that  we  may  have 
been  talking  so  much  about  money,  money,  all  the  time  that  we  have 
lost  the  vision  of  the  men  we  are  sending  to  these  countries.  Have 
we  lost  our  specific  interest,  our  specific  purpose  in  them?  Have  we 
lost  our  conception  of  what  it  means  actually  to  send  the  gospel  of 
Christ,  because  we  have  been  thinking  about  money  alone? 

I  am  reminded  how  in  a  number  of  places  we  met  missionaries, 
and  how  we  met  the  native  people,  and  they  came  to  us  and  with  the 
utmost  yearnings  of  heart  written  upon  their  faces  pleaded  with  us 
to  go  back  home  and  tell  the  story  of  what  has  been  done  and  be- 
seech our  home  people  to  send  out  more  men  and  women  to  tell  the 
story  of  the  love  of  Jesus  Christ.  We  had  that  experience  in  a  little 
village  up  in  the  Naga  Hills,  under  the  supervision  of  Brother  Long- 
well's  work.  I  cannot  refrain  from  paying  a  tribute  to  that  man,  just 
back  on  his  first  furlough — seven  years  among  the  wild  peoples  of 
the  Naga  Hills,  and  having  baptized  fourteen  hundred  of  them  in 
the  seven  years — two  hundred  a  year.  Back  from  that  country  I  come 
and  bring  the  greetings  of  that  little  group  of  people  that  followed 
us  out  of  the  little  village  up  in  the  Naga  Hills,  in  which  white  men 
or  women  had  never  slept  until  we  slept  there.  We  came  out  and 
wondered  where  they  were  going  with  us,  for  they  followed  us  per- 
haps half  or  three-quarters  of  a  mile,  and  then  they  wanted  a  little 
service  right  there  as  they  left  us,  and  we  had  the  little  service  of 
prayer ;  and  they  made  the  same  request  that  we  heard  over  in  China — 
the  request  that  we  go  home  and  tell  the  home  folks  to  send  them 
more  men  and  women  to  tell  the  story  of  the  love  of  Jesus  Christ.  O 
friends,  I  do  not  want  to  put  into  the  heart  of  any  man  this  after- 
noon a  temptation  to  let  down  on  his  gifts,  but  if  men  and  women 

221 


The  Judson  Centennial 


would  see  the  missionary  cause,  the  missionary  purpose,  the  mis- 
sionary ideals  with  true  perspective,  and  they  in  their  he'arts  really 
desire  that  a  man  should  go  to  carry  that  word,  they  would  give  the 
money  to  send  him.  It  is  a  question  of  the  conception  which  we  have 
in  our  hearts  and  minds. 

I  plead  for  greater  versatility  among  our  missionary  folks.     They 

are  the  noblest  band  of  men  and  women  we  have  met  anywhere  on 

God's  earth.     They  are   the  broadest-gauged,   the  broadest-minded; 

they  are  thinking  in  world  terms.     All  of  the  environments  that  are 

theirs  suggest  that.    But  I  am  jealous  for  any  one  who  has  got  it  in 

his  heart  to  go  over  there  and  live  a  Christian  life  in  the  midst  of 

those  people— I  am  jealous  for  any  man  of  any  occupation  who  dares 

go  over  there  to  put  his  life  into  that  great  country.    In  other  words, 

I  think  that  we  need  a  more  versatile  ministry  in  the  foreign  field. 

We  started  out  to  preach  the  gospel  of  Jesus  Christ  and  that  alone. 

We  found  we  had  to  teach  and  we  began  to  build  our  schools.     We 

found  that  we  had  to  help  people  in  their  sufferings,  and  we  built 

our  hospitals.     Is  it  not  true  that  now  we  are  beginning  to  realize 

that  we  must  send  men  and  women  over  into  those  lands  who  can  do 

some  other  things  in  the  name  of  Christ  for  the  sake  of  the  coming 

of  his  kingdom  ?     I  am  thinking  of  our  good  Mr.  Barton,  who  wen't 

over  there  to  drive  wells.     At  first  I  thought  it  was  a  very  strange 

thing,  but  when  I  realized  the  awful  famines  they  get  through  that 

northern  Indian  country,  I  realized  the  contribution  that  that  man 

might  be  able  to  make.    He  has  gone  out  with  a  new  plow  and  plowed 

up  an  acre  of  ground  in  order  that  the  people  might  see  the  superior 

method,  and  how  much  he  could  raise  on  a  piece  of  ground  that  had 

been  tilled  in  a  scientific  fashion.     What  is  the  result  of  it?     The 

people  over  there  need  the  gospel;  God  forbid  that  I  should  say  a 

word  to  put  it  into  the  heart  of  any  one  here  that  I  believe  that  they 

need  anything  else  so  much.    But  I  tell  you,  you  cannot  go  over  there 

and  live  among  those  people  without  realizing  that  they  need  all  that 

you  can  give  them.    We  are  sending  over  from  this  country  through 

the  Red  Cross  organization  and  other  organizations  thousands  and 

tens  of  thousands  of  dollars  every  year  for  famine  relief.     Now  that 

is  all   very   well,   that   is   the   way   charity   started   until   it   became 

scientific  charity;  but  when  in  the  history  of  charity  organizations 

they  became  scientific,  they  became  preventive  in  their  methods.    It  is 

the  history  of  the  Red  Cross,   and  now   the  American   Red   Cross, 

instead   of   simply   helping   people   in   their   distresses,   is   trying   to 

prevent  distresses. 


The  Judson  Centennial 


Isn't  it  time  that  our  great  missionary  organizations  did  more  along 
this  line?  I  am  thinking  of  Doctor  Kennan,  of  the  Free  Baptist 
field  out  in  Bhimpore,  who  went  out  and  dug  a  well  in  a  land  where 
there  are  very  few  wells,  got  a  good  deep  one,  flooded  a  piece  of 
land,  and  has  the  most  magnificent  garden  I  ever  looked  upon.  He 
came  into  his  home  and  he  put  before  me  a  bushel-basket  of  peanuts — 
peanuts  raised  by  himself — and  now  in  Bhimpore  the  people  are 
raising  peanuts;  and  the  people  of  that  country,  we  are  told,  need 
more  nitrogenous  food,  for  they  have  lived  on  rice  all  their  lives. 
Isn't  that  a  contribution  to  make  in  conjunction  with  missionary 
work  ?  Isn't  that  the  kind  of  work  we  have  got  to  do  as  we  go  along 
preaching  the  gospel  of  Jesus  Christ? 

Well,  I  spoke  about  men.  May  I  very  briefly  indicate  that  I  think 
the  time  has  come  when  we  ought  to  do  more  along  the  line  of  what 
the  vv'omen  are  doing?  We  do  not  like  the  word  "specific,"  as  I 
understand;  but  Mrs.  Montgomery  here  yesterday  afternoon  said 
something  that  this  Northern  Baptist  Convention,  I  hope,  will  urge, 
and  I  believe  it  is  ultimately  the  end  that  they  will  achieve,  when  she 
said  that  every  church  in  the  Northern  Baptist  Convention  ought  to 
be  supporting  a  Christian  missionary  in  foreign  lands.  (Applause.) 
You  may  call  it  specifics  or  call  it  what  you  like,  and  I  realize  when  I 
suggest  that  I  touch  the  difficult  problem  of  keeping  going  all  the  work 
that  our  denomination  is  doing.  I  realize  all  the  difficulties  that  are 
there — no,  not  all  of  them;  the  Board  realizes  them  more  than  I  do, 
but  I  understand  something  about  the  problem;  and  yet  I  feel  that 
the  work  is  so  tremendous  and  the  appeal  is  so  appealing  that  we  must 
take  any  man's  money  who  will  give  it  out  of  an  honest  heart  and  let 
it  be  used  as  wisely  as  it  can  be  used  for  Jesus  Christ's  sake. 

Spontaneity  is  a  thing  we  cannot  lose.  The  gift  without  the  giver 
is  always  bare.  Let  us  bring  to  Him  not  only  our  gold,  let  us  bring 
to  him  our  sacrifice. 

Reference  has  been  made  to  that  noble  Burman  Chinese  character, 
Ah  Soo,  who  has  just  become  the  pastor  of  the  church  in  Moulmein 
that  Judson  founded,  Judson's  church,  and  he  leaves  the  government 
position  where  he  was  getting  three  times  as  much  salary  that  he 
might  accept  the  pastorate  of  that  church  at  one-third  of  that  former 
salary,  and  he  said  that  he  gave  that  as  his  centennial  gift.  And  I 
am  thinking  of  a  poor  girl  out  in  my  own  congregation  who  came 
to  me  recently  at  the  close  of  a  service  and  said,  "  Pastor,  I  under- 
stood you  to  say  that  one  could  support  a  native  missionary  in  a 
foreign  land  for  thirty  dollars."     I  said,  "  Yes."     She  is  a  Swedish 


223 


The  Judson  Centennial 


girl,  and  she  does  not  talk  perfect  English,  and  out  of  her  hand  she 
poured  into  mine  thirty  dollars  in  gold,  and  she  is  living  on  one  dollar 
and  a  half  a  week  and  without  father  or  mother  in  that  city,  just 
finding  her  own  way  and  doing  laundry  work.  But  her  face  was 
radiant  with  joy,  that  she  could  send  thirty  dollars  out  of  her  earn- 
ings that  she  might  have  a  duplicate  in  far-away  India. 

That  is  a  little  of  the  spirit  of  sacrifice  that  we  find  over  there 
and  we  find  here,  but  I  think  we  find  more  of  it  over  there  than  we 
do  here.  Oh,  the  sacrifice  and  the  suffering  that  have  gone  into  this 
appeal  that  comes  to  us  to-day ! 

And  now  may  I  call  your  attention  to  the  fact  that  the  morning 
light  is  breaking?  These  words  were  written  in  the  land  of  Japan, 
after  37,000  Christians  had  died  in  1636:  "So  long  as  the  sun  shall 
warm  the  earth  let  no  Christian  be  so  bold  as  to  come  to  Japan,  and 
let  all  know  that  the  King  of  Spain  himself  or  the  Christians'  God 
or  the  great  God  of  all,  if  he  violates  this  command,  shall  pay  for  it 
with  his  head."  That  was  a  Japanese  authoritative  verdict  upon 
Christian  missions. 

There  is  another  written  in  Habakkuk :  "  For  the  earth  shall  be 
filled  with  the  knowledge  of  the  glory  of  the  Lord,  as  the  waters 
cover  the  sea."  And  I  saw  a  reference  to  the  sequel  to  this  statement 
of  the  Japanese  made  so  long  ago  when  passing  by  their  largest 
theater  in  the  city  of  Tokyo.  Mr.  Lynde,  our  evangelistic  missionary 
in  Tokyo,  called  our  attention  to  the  fact  that  recently  the  life  of 
Christ  was  presented  upon  the  screen.  There  were  crowds  of  people 
in  the  auditorium.  At  the  moment  when  the  sacrifice  of  Jesus  was 
made  known  and  they  saw  clearly  that  he  was  giving  his  life  for  those 
people,  they  did  the  unjapaneselike  thing  of  bursting  forth  in  spon- 
taneous applause,  which  Mr.  Lynde  said  lasted  for  several  minutes. 
Why?  It  was  something  like  their  noblest  ethical  conception,  which 
is  a  patriotic  ideal.  To  give  one's  life  for  one's  country  is  the  noblest 
thing  a  Japanese  can  do,  but  here  was  a  man  who  gave  his  life  for 
the  world,  and  they  must  applaud  him.  And  I  have  felt  ever  since, 
coming  around  the  world,  that  if  there  is  a  country  among  all  that 
must  eventually  come  into  the  kingdom  of  Jesus  Christ  by  virtue  of 
the  fact  that  she  has  this  idealism,  it  is  the  Japanese  people. 

I  must  come  to  the  end  of  my  remarks  to-day,  but  not  before 
calling  your  attention  to  something  that  I  would  not  hesitate  to  say 
if  I  could  say  nothing  else.  O  friends,  I  want  to  say  that  the  king- 
dom of  God  is  coming  upon  this  earth.  I  wish  I  could  say  it  and  say 
it  in  such  a  way  that  you  would  believe  it,  every  one  of  you.     We 


224 


The  Judson  Centennial 


have  seen  it  in  these  lands;  we  have  seen  it  in  Assam,  we  have  seen 
it  in  Burma,  we  have  seen  it  in  China,  and  we  have  seen  it  in  India. 
In  India,  do  you  say?  The  loneliest,  saddest,  most  desolate  country 
of  them  all,  that  makes  your  heart  bleed  as  you  go  through  it.  In 
India?  Yes;  in  India,  where  years  ago  that  marvelous  work  broke 
out  in  South  India  among  the  Telugus  and  still  continues — even  up 
into  North  India.  I  have  in  my  hand  a  pamphlet  given  me  by  Bishop 
Warne,  of  the  Methodist  Episcopal  Church.  I  met  him  in  the  city  of 
Lucknow.  He  came  back  all  worn  out  from  the  work  to  which  he 
had  been  subjected  in  the  northern  part  of  India,  in  what  is  known  as 
the  great  mass  movement  of  northern  India.  He  told  me  the  story. 
He  gave  me  this  and  various  literature.  His  heart  was  glad  and  sad 
at  the  same  time  when  he  told  it  to  me.  Listen!  This  last  year 
within  twelve  months  the  Methodist  Episcopal  Church  in  North  India 
baptized  forty  thousand  Hindus  in  the  great  mass  movement.  Is  there 
anything  like  that  going  on  in  this  old  world?  (Applause.)  He 
said  this  in  addition :  "  Mr.  Hill,  if  we  had  had  the  workers  to  do  it 
with,  we  could  have  baptized  fifty  thousand  more ;  but  I  confess  that 
we  have  not  men  or  women  or  machinery  or  mission  work  to  do  it 
with."  And  he  added  this,  "  I  don't  know  what  the  great  Methodist 
Church  of  America  is  thinking  about."  What  do  you  think  of  that? 
Praise  God  to-day  that  the  Methodists  have  broken  that  fearful  caste 
system  in  North  India.  (Applause.)  And  I  want  to  make  a  prophecy. 
That  is  a  real  movement.  It  is  not  one  of  the  spectacular  things  that 
spring  up  over  night.  The  coming  of  those  people  represents  years 
and  years  of  labor.  You  know  that  they  do  not  come,  many  of  them, 
because  they  do  not  dare ;  they  will  lose  their  heads  if  they  do.  But 
when  the  men  of  power  in  a  given  village  can  get  into  the  Christian 
church  they  come  with  all  their  hearts,  and  it  isi  a  movement  by 
villages  and  towns  and  whole  sections,  and  the  preparation  for  it  has 
been  going  on  for  years.  It  is  breaking  out  under  their  control  also  in 
South  India,  and  I  want  to  make  a  prophecy  that  before  very  many 
years  the  churches  of  our  Northern  Baptist  Convention  will  be  called 
on  to  send  out  a  larger  number  into  that  new  country  that  we  have 
despaired  of  for  so  many  years.  The  kingdom  of  God  is  coming  in 
far-away  India. 

May  I  use  an  illustration?  We  went  up  into  Cumbum,  South 
India,  where  Brother  and  Mrs.  Newcomb  are.  We  were  met  at  the 
station  by  anywhere  from  one  to  two  thousand  Telugu  Christians, 
who  swarmed  about  us  until  we  were  literally  carried  off  from  our 
feet.     We  were  taken  along  the  old  cart-road  into  the  center  of  the 

22; 


The  Judson  Centennial 


village,  where  they  had  prepared  for  us  a  municipal  reception  under 
the  control  absolutely  of  the  women  of  the  church  and  not  authorized 
nor  governed  by  Mr.  Newcomb.  There  were  five  thousand  people 
assembled  to  do  honor  to  a  little  handful  of  American  white  folks  that 
day.  I  had  the  privilege  of  speaking  in  that  church  the  next  Sunday 
to  those  Telugu  folks.  I  was  sitting  on  the  platform  when  the  pastor 
of  the  church  called  to  the  chair  an  old  man  to  offer  the  prayer. 
He  stumbled  up  to  the  pulpit  and  in  faltering  words  began.  His 
heart  drove  his  words  out  faster  and  faster,  until  by  and  by  he  seemed 
exhausted  and  he  broke  down  in  the  midst  of  his  prayer.  He  wept 
like  a  child.  He  had  to  be  taken  to  his  seat,  and  then  Mr.  Newcomb 
said  to  me  as  I  sat  before  that  audience :  "  Brother  Hill,  this  is  old 
Jonah,  the  last  of  the  old  guard  that  entered  into  that  marvelous 
experience  of  baptizing  on  one  day  2,222  souls,  and  this  old  man 
himself  led  500  of  them  into  the  baptismal  waters."  No  man  could 
preach  after  that. 

The  next  morning  we  went  along  the  old  dusty  road  and  down  to 
the  station,  and  there  he  was  at  the  station,  leaning  on  his  cane,  to 
say  good-bye  to  us.  And  I  said  to  Mr.  Newcomb,  "  How  did  he  get 
here  ?  "  "  Oh,"  he  said,  "  he  walked ;  he  walked."  He  came  down 
there  to  the  station  to  bid  his  American  friends  good-bye,  whom  he 
said  he  would  never  see  again,  but  he  knew  he  would  meet  them  in 
the  other  world.  That  is  only  one  picture.  My  heart  is  full  of 
them  to-day.  If  the  members  of  the  Judson  party  could  speak  they 
would  unfold  to  you  these  convictions  and  many  more. 

But  God  is  coming;  his  kingdom  is  coming  on  this  earth. 

Oh,  East  is  East,  and  West  is  West,  and  never  the  twain  shall  meet, 
Till  Earth  and  Sky  stand  presently  at  God's  great  Judgment  Seat; 
But  there  is  neither  East  nor  West,  Border,  nor  Breed,  nor  Birth, 
When  two  strong  men  stand  face  to  face,  though  they  come  from 
the  ends  of  the  earth ! 

VHI 

WHAT  IS  THIS  THAT  GOD  IS  DOING? 

By  President  William  Douglas  Mackenzie,  D.  D.,  LL.  D. 

Mr.  President  and  Friends: 

It  is  almost  impossible  to  find  any  reason  for  my  speaking  as  a 
representative  of  all  these  societies  and  agencies  that  have  been 
announced  to  you,  and  whose  representatives  have  stood  before  you. 

226 


The  Judson  Centennial 


I  am  not  aware  that  they  held  any  truly  democratic  conclave  on  the 
situation  and  elected  any  one  to  represent  them.  But  here  I  am, 
understood  to  represent  them,  and  here  they  are  under  the  dire  neces- 
sity of  accepting  the  situation. 

I  have  no  doubt  you  have  been  impressed,  as  one  always  is  at 
such  great  celebrations  as  this,  with  the  immense  variety  of  the 
operations  which  are  being  carried  on  all  over  the  world  in  the  name 
of  Christianity.  You  have  here  all  kinds  of  societies.  You  have 
had  on  this  list  the  oldest  that  are  known  to  the  non-Roman  world. 
You  have  had  them  of  every  kind  and  color  in  theology  and  in 
ecclesiastical  polity.  You  have  had  such  new  movements  as  the 
women's  boards  and  societies,  as  the  young  men's  institutions,  as  the 
publication  societies,  the  Bible  societies,  etc. ;  and  as  the  names  were 
read  to  us  we  felt,  why,  how  marvelous  is  the  life,  the  central  life 
that  is  living  in  all  the  churches  of  Christ,  that  is  putting  forth  these 
various  organs  of  operation  by  which  it  is  affecting  the  life  of  the 
whole  round  world.  And  our  imaginations,  helped  by  the  vivid 
speeches  that  we  have  heard  here  this  afternoon  and  at  earlier  meet- 
ings of  this  Convention,  went  out  over  the  whole  world  and  saw 
these  that  are  to  be  counted  now  by  thousands  upon  thousands  who 
are  in  every  land  under  the  sun,  speaking  hundreds  of  languages, 
and  in  them  all  seeking  to  deliver  one  great  central  message. 

Personally  it  is  to  me,  not  only  as  a  representative  of  the  American 
Board,  but  as  the  son  of  a  missionary,  a  great  joy  to  be  present  on 
this  occasion,  and  as  one  who  in  far-off  Scotland,  in  his  boyhood's 
home,  found  Wayland's  "  Life  of  Adoniram  Judson,"  bound  in  leather, 
and  was  led  to  devour  that  book  over  and  over  again,  as  I  did,  till 
his  name  has  always  been  in  my  mind  associated  with  the  heroes  that 
enter  into  a  boy's  life  according  to  the  chances  of  the  books  that  fall 
into  his  hands  in  his  earlier  years;  and  when  I  received  the  invitation 
to  come  and  say  a  few  words  on  this  occasion  I  felt  my  heart  rise 
within  me,  for  the  opportunity  to  speak  at  any  celebration  of  Adoniram 
Judson  is  something  that  any  man  ought  to  be  proud  of. 

Now,  I  am  not  going  to  speak  of  him.  You  have  heard  him  de- 
scribed and  interpreted  to  you  by  men  of  power,  men  of  insight,  men 
far  more  closely  acquainted  with  his  life  than  I  could  possibly  be. 
But,  speaking  this  afternoon  as  representing  these  missionary  boards, 
if  they  will  allow  me  to  do  so,  I  should  like  to  say  to  us  all,  let  us 
sit  back  for  a  moment,  let  us  look  at  what  is  going  on,  and  let  us 
ask  ourselves  in  the  simplest  way  this  question.  What  is  this  that  is 
happening  to  the  world? 


227 


The  Judson  Centennial 


A  recent  American  book,  one  of  the  biggest  books  in  a  certain 
field  of  thought,  contains  this  very  striking  sentence,  "  Nothing  can 
happen  with  the  consciousness  of  God  which  is  not  an  act  of  God." 
Here  we  have  right  around  the  world  something  that  is  happening, 
and  happening  with  the  consciousness  of  God.  It  is  an  act  of  God. 
Can  we  interpret  it  to  ourselves  for  a  few  minutes  at  the  close  of 
this  great  meeting  this  afternoon?  What  is  it  that  is  happening  to 
the  world  ? 

Now,  one  might  go  on  piling  up  missionary  statistics.  One  might 
begin  with  the  annual  expenditure  of  two  and  a  half  million  dollars 
by  one  great  society  across  the  sea,  and  come  down  to  the  smaller 
sums  that  are  wrung  out  of  the  poverty  of  some  of  the  smaller 
denominations.  One  might  go  over  all  the  wide  fields  of  the  world 
and  show  how  the  doors  are  flung  open  inwards,  as  if  welcoming  the 
messengers  of  God  from  whatever  quarter  they  might  come.  One 
might  tell  once  more  of  the  many  thousands  of  men  and  women  that 
are  engaged  in  this  enterprise.  And  when  one  had  heaped  up  the 
statistics,  when  one  had  recorded  the  conversions  of  the  past  hundred 
years,  when  one  had  described  the  native  churches  that  have  arisen 
in  so  many  lands  and  which  have  become  themselves  powerful  instru- 
ments of  the  missionary  cause,  one  would  still  leave  the  question  un- 
answered. Within  the  statistics,  within  all  the  description  of  the  out- 
ward events,  our  minds  will  be  asking  ourselves,  What  is  this  that  is 
happening  to  the  world  ?  What  is  this  that  God  is  doing  to  mankind  ? 
What  is  this  act  of  the  divine  will  that  has  been  extended  through 
these  hundred  years,  and  now  opens  our  eyes  to  a  still  wider  extension 
of  its  meaning  and  its  power  and  its  blessing  in  the  century  that  lies 
before  us?    What  is  this  that  is  happening? 

If  you  want  to  answer  that  question,  you  must  go  to  individual 
lives.  Statistics  cannot  give  it ;  mere  words  of  interpretation  cannot 
give  it.  You  must  go  to  individual  lives.  You  must  go  to  the 
veterans  who  have  stood  here  on  this  platform  and  ask  them  what  is 
it  that  God  is  doing  to  the  world.  Ask  the  men  who  have  grown 
gray  in  this  service  that  ages  men  before  their  time.  Ask  the  young 
men  and  women  that  are  going  out  every  year.  Do  you  remember 
that  there  are  some  five  hundred  that  leave  our  shores  annually, 
sacrificial  lives,  young  men  and  women  who  know  what  they  could 
get  at  home  and  find  out  what  they  can  give  abroad  (applause), 
young  men  and  women  who  are  more  completely  sacrificed  than  those 
in  far-off  times  when  in  classic  ages,  as  some  people  like  to  call  them, 
they  snatched  the  fairest  of  the  youth  for  annual  sacrifices  on  heathen 

228 


The  Judson  Centennial 


altars.  These  sacrifices  are  more  glorious,  for  they  come  from  within, 
and  they  yield  themselves  not  to  the  knife  and  to  the  fire;  they  yield 
themselves  to  the  service  of  their  fellow  men,  and  make  continents 
their  altars  and  human  hearts  the  instruments  of  their  offering  unto 
God.  (Applause.)  Ask  these,  ask  these  what  is  it  that  is  happening 
to  the  world. 

Ask  those  men  who  are  toiling  there  to-day.  Go  to  that  young 
woman  in  some  mission  hut  in  Central  Africa,  go  to  her  and  ask  her 
why  she  is  there.  Hear  her  story  of  how  she  comes  into  a  room 
oftentimes  at  the  end  of  a  day  of  toil  and,  all  shuddering  and  sick 
with  vice  and  crime  blatant  and  open  before  her,  throws  herself  down 
in  a  spasm  of  tears,  crying  that  she  might  only  put  her  head  on  her 
far-off  mother's  breast.  Ask  her  what  is  it  that  God  is  doing  to  our 
world  that  she  should  be  there  weeping  those  tears.  It  is  an  act  of 
God,  for  she  rises  up  next  morning  and  goes  out  with  the  conscious- 
ness of  God  in  her  heart.  (Applause.)  What  is  God  doing  to  our 
world  ? 

There  is  just  one  answer  that  they  will  all  give.  On  one  occasion 
when  Judson  was  introduced  to  an  American  assembly,  on  his  first 
visit  home,  he  was  introduced  as  Jesus  Christ's  man.  And  it  is  a 
strange  thing  that  as  you  girdle  the  globe  with  this  inquiry  and  pass 
from  one  board  to  another,  you  will  find  yourself  answered  every- 
where with  one  historic  Name,  and  they  will  all  say :  "  It  is  an  act 
of  God;  but  the  act  of  God  takes  the  form  of  a  personal  name,  and 
we  are  here  because  Jesus  Christ  has  sent  us." 

I  was  going  to  ask  if  you  had  been  told  to-day  of  Fred  Arnott. 
I  saw  his  death  recorded  just  yesterday  in  a  paper  from  London — 
Fred  Arnott,  a  man  of  wealth,  the  layman  who  thirty  years  ago 
went  out  to  Central  Africa.  Once,  when  he  was  a  little  boy,  David 
Livingstone  dandled  him  on  his  knee,  and  he  went  out  to  Living- 
stone's country  to  try  to  heal  the  open  sore  of  Africa ;  and  that 
man  has  spent  all  his  life  there,  all  his  great  abilities,  cut  himself  off 
from  society  and  given  himself  night  and  day  for  all  these  years,  until 
he  died  of  exhaustion  and  disease  contracted  in  his  service  in  the 
name  of  Jesus  Christ. 

Go  farther  up  just  now,  into  West  Africa,  and  you  will  find  one 
of  the  most  fascinating  figures  in  all  the  missionary  world  to-day,  a 
great  German  scholar,  Albert  Schweitzer.  You  and  I  perhaps  would 
not  count  him  orthodox.  He  has  written  some  of  the  most  brilliant 
books  that  have  appeared  in  the  last  ten  or  fifteen  years  in  the  German 
language.     That  man  had   a   friend   out  there  in   missionary   work. 


229 


The  Judson  Centennial 


Very,  very  few  university  men  ever  go  to  missionary  work  from 
Germany,  and  I  suppose  there  were  times  when  Schweitzer  would 
have  thought  that  that  lay  far  outside  his  world  of  interest.  But 
seven  years  ago  he  became  a  medical  student  in  Paris  that  he  might 
become  a  medical  missionary  in  Africa,  and  now  he  is  out  there. 
One  of  the  most  brilliant  careers  that  German  university  life  had  so 
far  for  the  next  quarter  of  a  century  is  closed  suddenly,  and  the 
man  who  was  opening  and  entering  into  that  wonderful  experience 
and  triumph  is  out  in  West  Africa.  In  nine  months  last  year  he  had 
two  thousand  cases  in  his  little  medical  hospital.  His  wife,  of  whom 
he  writes  most  charmingly,  is  a  woman  of  the  same  mind,  a  medically 
trained  woman.  Why  is  Schweitzer  there?  I  say  he  would  not 
use  our  orthodox  language  about  that,  but  yet  he  does  use  that  Name, 
and  he  says,  "  My  Master  sent  me ;  my  Master  sent  me,"  and  his 
Master  is  Jesus  Christ.  What  a  strange  and  wonderful  thing  this 
is  that  is  happening  to  the  world,  that  one  Name  is  covering  all  the 
continents  through  these  hearts  that  carry  it  in  their  love  and  in  their 
sacrificial  devotion  !  What  a  wonderful  deed  God  is  doing  in  our  own 
century  and  before  our  very  eyes  upon  this  great  heart  of  our  human 
race! 

But  what  is  he  doing?  What  is  this  that  is  happening  to  the  world? 
What  use  is  it  having  this  Name  everywhere?  What  act  of  God  is 
further  represented  when  this  name  of  Jesus  Christ  is  carried?  Ask 
the  men  in  China  and  India.  Have  they  not  heard  great  names? 
Yes,  they  have  heard  of  Mohammed,  they  have  heard  of  Buddha, 
they  have  heard  of  many  other  founders  of  great  sects  that  number 
their  adherents  by  the  millions.  But  why,  why  do  they  welcome 
Jesus  Christ?  Why  is  his  name  now  the  spell  that  is  drawing  the 
world  as  it  were  to  one  center?  And  they  will  tell  you  it  is  because 
the  man  who  brings  the  name  of  Jesus  Christ  is  the  only  man  in  the 
world  that  ever  is  able  to  speak  of  the  loving  mercy  of  God.  The 
loving  mercy  of  God !  To  many  of  them  the  name  "  God  "  itself  is 
strange  and  startling;  but,  when  they  have  heard  it  said  until  they 
know  something  of  its  awful  moment,  to  hear  it  said  further  that  he 
is  merciful,  and  that  his  mercy  is  full  of  love,  to  hear  that  he  will 
come  home  to  their  hearts  and  deal  with  them  as  they  are,  and  bring 
them  into  the  communion  of  that  eternal  heart  of  his,  and  that  Jesus 
Christ  is  the  pledge  of  that — to  deliver  that  message  is  to  deliver 
the  soul  of  man  from  its  chains  and  its  darkness,  and  that  is  what  is 
happening  to  the  world.  The  everlasting  mercy  of  God  is  to-day  a 
living  force  in  human  history.     The  everlasting  mercy  of  God,  the 


230 


The  Judson  Centennial 


righteousness  that  Paul  wrote  of  in  Romans,  is  now  an  effective  his- 
torical fact.  The  love  that  has  appeared  clothed  in  such  purity  is 
not  longer  to  be  reckoned  with  as  a  distant  ideal,  as  a  hope  painted 
on  the  clouds  of  the  future.  It  is  now  to  be  described  as  a  living 
energy,  part  of  the  actual  universe,  a  force  that  is  making  history. 
You  cannot  count  humanity  now  and  reckon  the  forces  that  are 
making  mankind  without  reckoning  this  force,  the  everlasting  mercy 
of  the  living  God  made  known  and  assured  to  man  in  the  name  of 
Jesus  Christ.     (Applause.) 

But  what  is  this  that  is  happening  to  the  world?  You  want  to 
know  something  more  even  than  that,  do  you  not?  For  an  act  of 
God  done  two  thousands  years  ago,  when  he  spoke  in  one  man  and 
made  himself  known  in  one  life,  and  a  message  delivered  by  him 
and  guaranteed  by  him  at  any  cost,  is  still  two  thousand  years  ago ; 
and  though  men  and  women  of  passionate  frame  may  have  caught 
its  meaning  and  found  their  souls  in  the  sunlight,  and  carried  that 
sunlight  round  the  world,  you  want  to  know^  whether  there  is  some- 
thing more  in  it  than  a  memory  and  a  word,  whether  there  is  some- 
thing more  in  it  than  a  beautiful  image  at  the  dawn  of  our  era  and 
a  beautiful  message  falling  from  the  lips  of  men.  What  more  is 
there  in  this  that  is  happening  to  the  world?  How  do  we  know  that 
it  is  an  act  of  God?  For  that  we  who  are  on  this  platform  must  fall 
back  upon  one  of  the  central,  fundamental,  and  greatest  of  all  the 
Protestant  doctrines,  the  great  doctrine  of  the  inner  witness  of  the 
Holy  Spirit.  (Applause.)  We  must  fall  back  upon  that  great,  great 
doctrine,  which  is  simply  the  name  for  a  continuous,  definite,  personal 
act  of  God  upon  every  man  who  comes  into  contact  with  the  name  of 
Jesus  Christ,  upon  every  man  who  hears  the  message  of  the  loving 
and  everlasting  mercy  of  God,  upon  every  man  who  finds  his  will 
responsive  to  that  message  and  that  name. 

Go  out  to  China.  We  heard  a  little  while  ago  a  message  from  there 
about  the  strange  phenomena  that  occurred.  Psychologists  might  call 
it  divided  or  disassociated  personality.  The  older  people  call  it  pos- 
session by  demons.  Go  to  South  India  and  find  the  devil-worshipers, 
and  devil-worship  always  means  becoming  a  devil.  Go  to  these  men 
who  become  captured  so  completely  by  darkness  and  by  vice  and  by 
shame  that  the  whole  life  is  worse  than  bestial.  See  it  described  in 
Harold  Begbie's  book  or  in  any  other  still  graver  record  of  the  vice 
with  which  missionaries,  and  especially  the  Salvation  Army,  perhaps, 
are  contending  in  Southern  India.  Go  to  any  of  these  where  these 
most  fearful  of  all  phenomena  in  human  experience  occur  and  ask 


231 


The  Judson  Centennial 


them,  What  is  it  that  is  happening  to  the  world  in  you?  What  act  of 
God  is  this  ?  Why,  you  see  faces  that  were  faces  literally  of  devil- 
inhabited  men,  you  see  them  lit  with  a  spirit  that  comes  straight 
from  the  heart  of  God.  You  see  lives  transformed.  You  hear  lips 
sounding  hymns  of  joy.  You  see  men  spending  themselves  for  others 
and  ordering  their  conduct  now  after  the  rules  of  Christ  on  the  basis 
of  the  will  of  God.  Harnack,  the  great  German  historian,  has  said  in 
one  of  his  works  that  the  phenomena  of  demon  possession  in  the  early 
church  are  still  very  difficult  to  explain,  but  some  phenomena  were 
there  that  spread  dismay  and  darkness  and  disaster  in  many  lives. 
And  then  he  adds  the  second  word.  He  says,  "At  any  rate,  wher- 
ever Christianity  goes  that  sort  of  thing  comes  to  an  end."  (Ap- 
plause.)    And  that  is  because  an  act  of  God  has  come. 

I  do  not  care  much  how  you  explain  the  phenomena  before  that 
act.  The  tremendous  thing  for  me  is  the  fact  that  wherever  the 
message  of  the  gospel  goes,  wherever  a  man  or  a  woman  carries  it  in 
the  heart  and  speaks  it  through  the  lips  and  sounds  it  through  the 
life,  there  that  sort  of  thing  comes  to  an  end.  The  Divine  Spirit  is 
at  work,  and  the  work  of  that  Spirit  is,  as  it  were,  to  make  the  Christ 
of  two  thousand  years  ago  real,  present,  living  to  the  men  of  to-day. 
The  work  of  that  Spirit  is  to  make  that  incredible  word,  "  mercy," 
actually  credible  and  acceptable  to  the  individual  heart.  This  is  what 
God  is  doing,  and  this  is  the  act  of  God  that  your  Convention  has  been 
celebrating. 

Back  you  look  to  Adoniram  Judson  and  his  young  wife  setting  sail 
on  that  little  vessel — you  and  I  would  not  trust  ourselves  in  it  across 
the  Atlantic  for  a  thousand  dollars  apiece — and  as  they  get  on  board 
they  say  farewell,  and  he  bids  his  wife's  parents  say  farewell  to  her 
forever  in  this  world,  and  they  go  right  out  there.  Oh,  how  lonely  it 
must  have  seemed !  I  wonder  how  it  is  that  men  could  repeat  the 
courage  of  the  original  apostles,  how  they  could  confront  a  world 
almost  alone,  and  say,  "  Why,  I  have  got  the  secret  of  the  world's  life 
in  my  message."  The  act  of  God  is  coming  finally  upon  the  human 
race.  And  when  they  penetrated  into  India  or  into  Africa,  and  found 
only  here  and  there  another  man  of  the  same  persuaded  spirit  as 
themselves,  what  sublime  and  noble  courage  was  it  that  enabled 
them  still  to  confront  the  great  walls  of  darkness  and  the  unsealed 
heights  of  heathenism  and  to  say,  "We  can  bring  it  all  down  unto 
the  feet  of  Jesus  Christ"?  Why  was  it?  It  is  that  strange  act  of 
God  in  a  human  soul  that  we  call  faith,  faith  in  himself.  These 
men  had  that  faith  as  his  act;  and  you  and  I  to-day  are  but  poor 


232 


The  Judson  Centennial 


inheritors  of  that  past.  You  and  I,  living,  we  think,  a  larger  life  in  a 
larger  atmosphere,  surely  we  are  challenged  by  that  very  fact  to  a 
greater  faith. 

Can  you  have  a  greater  faith  than  Judson?  Is  there  a  greater  diffi- 
culty to  oyercome  yet  in  the  world  than  he  saw?  Yes;  yes,  there  is. 
You  and  I  do  not  know  yet  the  task  of  the  spirit  of  Christ  in  our 
world.  Christianity  is  only  spelling  its  alphabet  yet.  It  is  only  telling 
its  first  message  yet.  There  are  stores  of  energy  and  meaning  in  the 
gospel  that  all  the  theologians  and  all  the  Christian  poets  and  all  the 
preachers  have  as  yet  not  been  able  to  unfold.  There  is  a  wealth  in 
that  divine  act  that  has  all  the  future  of  mankind  within  itself. 

What  is  this  that  is  happening  to  the  world?  Two  or  three  millions 
in  India  are  now  in  the  church  of  Christ.  A  few  hundred  thousand  in 
China.  Here  and  there  there  are  spots  of  light.  What  is  it  that  is 
happening  to  the  world  ?  My  brethren,  this  is  God.  This  is  God 
invading  human  history.  It  is  the  inrush  of  the  Divine  upon  the 
fields  of  human  experience  and  the  substance  of  human  personality 
and  the  creation  of  human  character.  It  is  the  inrush  of  the  Divine 
that  is  taking  place  here  this  afternoon.  It  is  the  inrush  of  God  that 
is  taking  place  there  all  over  the  world. 

And  he  is  doing  this  just  as  the  Divine  took  hold  of  nature  at 
earlier  stages  of  his  unfolding.  Somewhere,  in  dim  years  of  the  past, 
a  little  material  was  prepared,  and  God  gave  life  to  it.  He  invaded 
the  world  with  life.  Somewhere  in  the  dim  forests  of  antiquity 
there  was  a  mind  gradually  breaking  into  light,  and  God  invaded  it 
and  created  this  human  personality ;  and  we  know  where  it  was  in 
the  history  of  the  human  personality  that  the  next  great  stage  began, 
and  in  Jesus  Christ  reached  its  consummation.  There  personality 
received  its  full  expression  in  the  full  union  of  God  with  man,  in 
Jesus  Christ.  And  that  which  there  took  place  was  just  a  step,  the 
first  great  opening  of  this  great  next  step  in  the  drama  of  history,  the 
wonderful  unfolding  of  the  divine  acts  in  the  history  of  our  world. 
This  is  what  you  are  considering.  It  is  the  invasion  of  human  life, 
the  invasion  of  human  personality  by  God  himself.  And  when  you 
name  Jesus  Christ  in  some  far-off  land,  when  you  preach  the  loving 
mercy  of  God  to  some  dark  heart,  when  you  pray  until  the  Spirit 
comes  and  overmasters  some  one  in  the  chains  of  shame  and  dark- 
ness and  sets  him  free,  when  you  do  that,  you  are  engaged  in  this 
wonderful  work  of  God,  you  are  a  part  of  the  weapons  he  is  using, 
the  means  he  is  employing  to  invade  completely  the  life  of  t!.e 
human  race. 


233 


The  Judson  Centennial 


We  who  sit  on  the  platform  have  been  here  to  rejoice,  to  joy  and 
rejoice  with  you  all.  We  have  been  here  in  order  that  we  might  catch 
inspiration  from  the  consideration  of  your  triumphs.  But,  brethren, 
I  were  a  poor  speaker  on  missions,  and  especially  on  this  occasion,  if 
I  did  not  say  what  is  so  obvious  and  said  so  many  thousand  times — 
that  the  greatest  things  are  still  to  come.  We  are  but  at  the  dawning 
of  the  day.  Let  not  our  hearts  withhold  our  best.  If  our  best  is  a  boy 
or  a  girl,  let  us  give  that  boy,  let  us  give  that  girl.  If  the  best  that 
we  have  is  ourselves,  oh,  young  men  and  women,  give  yourselves 
over  to  this  great  task  of  God.  Is  money  our  best  ?  Who  would  call 
it  so?  Then  treat  it  not  as  if  it  were.  When  priceless  youth  is  giving 
itself  it  is  giving  more  than  gold  and  frankincense  and  myrrh.  It  is 
giving  all  it  has,  its  final  self  forever,  here  and  hereafter.  And  who 
are  we  to  withhold  the  less  that  we  may  help  them  to  give  that  all 
unto  God? 

This  is  what  is  happening  to  the  world  to-day.  The  greatest  thing 
that  is  happening  to  the  world  is  not  the  spread  of  the  wireless,  nor 
the  construction  of  railroads,  nor  the  knitting  of  the  continents  with 
the  swift  shuttles  of  our  great  steamship  companies.  Nor  is  it  the 
passing  of  tourists  from  land  to  land;  nor  is  it  the  spread  of  liter- 
ature of  every  kind  from  one  country  and  language  to  another.  The 
greatest  thing  that  is  happening  to  the  world  is  not  even  now  the 
interlocking  of  the  governments  in  mutual  dependence.  The  greatest 
thing  that  God  is  doing  in  the  world  is  that  for  which  these  are  only 
steps  of  preparation.  The  real  work  is  the  invading  of  human  nature 
by  himself,  and  the  putting  of  his  own  Spirit  into  the  heart  of  all 
mankind.  God  grant  that  ere  we  pass  we  may  see  some  more  of  that 
unfolding  of  his  presence  and  fulfilment  of  his  power  in  the  name  of 
Jesus  Christ.     (Applause.) 


IX 

CONVENTION  SERMON 

faith  and  history  in  the  timeless  order 

By  Henry  C.  Mabie,  D.  D. 

And  these  all  having  had  witness  borne  to  them  through  their  faith, 
received  not  the  promise,  God  having  provided  some  better  thing  for  us, 
that  apart  from  us  they  should  not  be  made  perfect  (completed). — Heb. 
II :  39,  40. 

234 


The  Judson  Centennial 


One  who  has  lived  long  in  the  East  and  deeply  reflected  on  the 
prevalent  ethnic  cults  has  declared  that  they  are  characterized  by  one 
serious  defect,  namely,  their  lack  of  interest  in  history.  Christianity, 
on  the  contrary,  is  chiefly  concerned  virith  an  event — an  event  historic 
yet  cosmic,  namely,  the  coming  into  the  world  of  Jesus  Christ. 

Not  one  of  the  pagan  religions  would  stake  its  message  on  the  truth 
of  any  fulfilled  prediction  contained  in  its  literature.  One  competent 
to  examine  has  declared  that  in  the  entire  Vedic  poesy  there  is  not 
one  single  instance  of  such  a  prediction.  In  the  Christian  Scriptures, 
however,  there  occurs  not  less  than  six  hundred  times  the  expression 
"  in  order  that,"  indicative  of  some  great  moral  ideal  to  be  realized. 

The  reason  for  this  wide  difference  is  that  in  pagan  systems  there 
is  no  divinely  purposed,  all-controlling  goal  for  nation  or  race  re- 
garded as  a  whole,  "  toward  which  the  whole  creation  moves."  In 
the  Karma-Transmigration  philosophy  of  Brahmanism  and  Bud- 
dhism, intended  to  explain  the  mystery  of  unmerited  human  suffering, 
this  suffering  is  considered  as  an  individual  burden,  whereas  in  Chris- 
tianity the  problem  is  a  social  burden,  with  the  long-suffering,  gracious 
God  at  its  throbbing  center.  In  India  and  Japan  for  ages  it  was  an 
offense  to  go  outside  the  national  confines  for  any  purpose  whatever, 
China  was  long  hermetically  sealed,  and  Korea  was  "  a  hermit  nation." 
The  religions  of  these  lands  were  national :  the  Mohammedan  was 
Arabic,  the  Buddhist  Indian,  the  Confucian  Chinese,  the  Shinto 
Japanese.  It  remained  for  Christ  in  the  apostolic  mission,  which  suc- 
ceeded his  accomplished  Atonement  and  Pentecost,  to  catholicize 
"  the  glorious  gospel  of  the  blessed  God,"  epitomized  in  the  great 
commission,  "  Go  disciple  all  nations." 

With  this  lack  of  a  conception  of  racial  unity,  history  therefore  is 
emptied  of  all  social  and  racial  interest.  No  missionary  motive  is 
possible  to  it,  while  in  the  view  of  Christianity  history  is  alive  with 
social  inspiration  and  self-giving  passion. 


Christianity  a  Religion  of  History,  Yet  Cosmic 

I.  But  what  is  history?  It  is  far  more  than  mere  successions  in 
time,  bald  annals.  Says  Prof.  Rudolf  Eucken :  "  History  is  the 
unfolding  of  an  eternal  order.  It  implies  both  a  transcendence  of 
time,  and  an  entry  into  time." 

Christianity  is  thus  essentially  a  religion  of  history,  albeit  a  history 
grounded  in  a  cosmic  order.  It  tells  of  a  gradual  achievement,  marked 
by  "  times  and  seasons  " ;  it  has  its  "  fulness  of  times,"  and  will  cventu- 

235 


The  Judson  Centennial 


ate  in  a  perfected  kingdom  of  God,  involving  the  destinies  of  the 
whole  human  race. 

Now  this  is  entirely  in  keeping  with  the  teaching  of  this  eleventh 
chapter  of  Hebrews,  from  which  my  text  is  taken.  Note  a  few  marks 
of  the  truth  of  my  claim.  In  verse  three  it  is  said :  "  By  faith  we 
understand  that  the  worlds  were  framed  by  the  word  of  God,  so  that 
things  which  are  seen  do  not  come  of  things  which  do  appear." 

But  these  "  worlds  "  thus  "  framed,"  or  put  together,  are  not  the 
material  but  the  historic  worlds  (Greek,  aidnas),  the  aeons,  or  dis- 
pensations. After  all,  the  physical  creation,  to  which  this  language 
has  been  mistakenly  supposed  to  be  limited,  is  but  a  preliminary 
incident  of  the  new-creative,  redemptive  order  contemplated. 

The  great  names  here  mentioned  from  Abel  down  are  given  in 
chronological  order,  indicating  that  each  name  stands  for  an  epoch 
thus  designated. 

Then  the  faith  so  impressively  described  represents  faith  as  a  work- 
ing principle  of  life,  and  was  itself  a  constructive  factor  in  the  for- 
mation of  the  period  indicated;  in  short,  the  chapter  as  a  whole  is  a 
discourse  on  the  philosophy  of  history.    From  it  I  derive  this  theme : 

THE    FAITH    OF    THE    FATHERS    AND    THE    TIMELESS    ORDER 

I  have  just  said  that  the  faith  described  in  the  chapter  is  "  faith  as 
a  working  principle  of  life  " — a  faith  that  amounts  to  a  vital  test  of 
the  dependableness  of  spiritual  promises;  a  test  as  scientific  in  its 
realm  as  the  chemist's  in  his  laboratory. 

I  have  further  said  faith  became  a  "  constructive  factor  "  in  the 
making  of  history  that  matters.  This  does  not  ignore  the  reality  of 
other  factors  that  enter  in.  There  is  also,  doubtless,  that  "  stream  of 
successions,"  sometimes  called  "  happenings  " — second  causes  not  a 
few.  But  there  is  also  an  energy  which  a  thoughtful  writer  has 
described  as  a  something  focused  in  pioneers  and  epoch-makers  such 
as  this  chapter  signalizes;  something  distinguishable  from  the  stream, 
in  time  but  not  of  it ;  something  creative  and  militant ;  something 
which  presupposes  a  kingdom  of  eternal  truth,  giving  to  it  meaning 
and  value.  It  is  the  mark  of  the  struggle  of  the  ages  to  realize  the 
eternal  order.  Moreover,  unless  this  ageless  energy  does  rework  itself 
in  each  successive  period,  the  ancient  movements  sink  into  decadence, 
if  indeed  they  do  not  die  out.  Thus  each  age,  while  linking  itself  to 
all  that  is  good  in  the  past,  must  by  the  Spirit  of  God  assert  its  ideal 
independence  over  against  the  past,  and  win  its  own  proper  life.    Thus 

236 


The  Judson  Centennial 


our  life  is  at  once  a  struggle  against  the  phenomenal  forms  of  the 
past,  and  yet  a  continuance  of  its  divine  and  cosmic  norms.  But 
this  is  only  another  way  of  saying,  that  at  the  bottom  of  all  real 
history  there  are  two  fundamental  potencies  that  outweigh  all  others ; 
namely,  first,  a  dynamic  energy  of  some  word  or  thought  of  God,  and, 
secondly,  the  cooperant  faith  of  some  believer. 

All  Old  and  New  Testament  history  was  so  determined.  Around 
personages  like  Abram  and  Moses,  Samuel  and  David,  around  Peter, 
Paul,  and  John,  everything  clustered,  with  Jesus  as  the  focal  center. 
Subapostolic  history  grew  up  in  the  same  manner,  through  Origen, 
Justin  Martyr,  Athanasius,  Irenceus,  and  their  like.  Through  be- 
lieving souls  like  Ansgar  and  Boniface,  Gregory  and  Augustine, 
Columba  and  Cuthbert,  the  saving  elements  in  the  premedieval  history 
arose. 

When  Ulfilas  in  the  fourth  century  and  Cyril  in  the  ninth  gave 
both  written  characters  and  Bible  translation  to  the  entire  Teutonic 
and  Slavic  worlds,  respectively,  they  thereby  laid  the  foundation  of 
all  the  learning,  libraries,  universities,  and  museums  in  Continental 
Europe. 

Coming  down  to  later  times,  we  find  the  great  epoch-makers  on  the 
levels  of  reform  and  evangelism  were  Wycliffe  and  Luther,  Gustavus 
Adolphus  and  Calvin,  Knox,  Wesley,  and  Schwarz,  Edwards,  Zinzen- 
dorf,  and  Carey,  Morrison,  Judson,  and  Livingstone. 

The  Central  Dynamic 

2.  But  what  was  the  central  dynamic  thus  taking  effect  in  historic 
forms  ? 

Our  Scripture  teaches  us  that  it  lay  in  a  certain  attesting  "  witness  " 
borne  by  God  himself  to  those  who  related  their  lives  to  his  express 
will,  and  so  altered  their  life  history. 

The  elders  had  witness  borne  to  them.  Abel  "  had  witness  borne  to 
him."  Enoch  "  before  his  translation  had  witness  borne  to  him." 
And  of  the  entire  series  of  worthies  enrolled  on  this  Arc  de  Triomphe 
of  the  Scriptures,  it  is  said :  "  And  these  all  had  witness  borne  to 
them  through  their  faith."  Not  that  good  and  believing  men 
always  in  this  life  receive  the  meet  inheritance  due  to  their  faith 
and  trust.  They  "  received  not  the  promise " — i.  e.,  relatively 
so  as  to  exhaust  it — they  could  not,  for  it  was  too  vast.  They 
did  receive  large  instalments  on  the  legacy  assured,  sufficient  to 
prove  the  fidelity  of  the  God  that  promised.    Take  the  single  instance 

237 


The  Judson  Centennial 


of  the  exaltation  of  Moses  to  a  unique  distinction.  He  had  from 
childhood  the  prospect  of  sitting  some  day  on  Pharaoh's  throne,  but 
under  divine  incentives  he  "  chose  rather  to  suffer  affliction  vv^ith  the 
people  of  God  than  to  enjoy  the  pleasures  of  sin  for  a  season."  So 
"  by  faith  he  forsook  Egypt,  not  fearing  the  wrath  of  the  king."  Yet 
God  in  his  own  way  and  time  promoted  Moses. 

I  once  heard  Sir  William  Ramsay,  of  Aberdeen,  say  that  Paul's 
testimony  to  the  vision  he  had  on  the  Damascus  Road  created  the 
civilization  of  the  whole  Western  world.  No  less  is  it  true  that  the 
faith  of  John  Knox  was  the  instrumental  dynamic  beneath  the  Presby- 
terian Protestantism  of  Scotland,  and  Wesley's  of  the  evangelizing 
potency  of  Methodism,  and  Edwards'  of  the  sturdy  type  of  New  Eng- 
land nationalism,  and  Judson's  of  the  noblest  missionary  zeal  of 
American  Christianity. 

In  the  two  great  centenary  celebrations  just  observed  in  India — 
one  for  Gordon  Hall,  the  other  for  Judson,  it  was  estimated  that 
within  the  century  just  closed  American  Christians  have  contributed 
to  India  alone  a  total  of  40,000  missionaries,  men  and  women,  and 
$70,000,000 — more  than  half  the  contributions  of  the  whole  world. 
And  this  in  addition  to  all  that  has  gone  to  China,  Japan,  Africa,  and 
the  South  Sea  Islands. 

Once  put  alongside  such  personalities  from  Paul  down,  certain 
more  secular  types  like  Caesar,  Alexander,  Charlemagne,  Philip  II, 
Frederick  the  Great,  and  Napoleon,  and  the  contrast  will  be  appalling. 
These  latter,  though  martial  commanders  or  statesmen  of  high  caliber, 
take  no  such  rank  in  their  distinctive  realms  as  do  believers  like 
Cromwell  and  Wilberforce,  Washington  and  Lincoln,  Gladstone  and 
Bright,  the  Lawrences,  Morrison,  and  Neesima.  To  these  we  ascribe 
the  title  of  monumental  world-builders.  Then  the  dictum  of  Napoleon 
is  not  true  that  "  God  is  on  the  side  of  the  heaviest  battalions."  Na- 
poleon, indeed,  called  himself  "  the  man  of  destiny,"  but  he  met  his 
Waterloo.  Says  even  Victor  Hugo,  his  gifted  fellow  countryman : 
"Waterloo  was  lost.  Why?  Because  of  Wellington?  Because  of 
Blucher?    No.     Because  of  God." 

"The  shadow  of  an  enormous  right  is  projected  athwart  Waterloo. 
It  is  the  day  of  destiny.  A  series  of  facts  was  in  preparation  in 
which  there  was  no  longer  any  room  for  Napoleon.  It  was  time  that 
this  vast  man  should  fall.  His  excessive  weight  in  human  destiny 
disturbed  the  balance.  He  embarrassed  God.  Napoleon,  the  immense 
somnambulist  of  a  dream  that  had  crumbled,"  vanished.  God  is  on 
the  side  of  the  great  believers. 


238 


The  Judson  Centennial 


Our  Connection  zuith  the  Epoch-makers  of  Old 

3.  And  now  notice  the  nexus  between  the  epoch-makers  of  old  and 
the  sort  of  living  expected  of  us,  their  successors  and  spiritual  heirs, 
"  that  they  apart  from  us  should  not  be  perfected,  or  consummated." 
They  lived  not  their  lives  without  us,  nor  we  without  them,  in  deep 
solidarity. 

But  I  hear  one  say :  "  But  I  am  no  Abraham  nor  Paul  nor  Morrison 
nor  Judson,  but  a  plain,  common  soul  of  the  twentieth  century,  and 
why  appeal  to  me  on  the  ground  of  their  significance  and  standing?" 
Yea,  verily,  you  are  yourself.  None  of  us  can  claim  to  be  their  peer, 
but  we  are  of  the  same  genus  as  they.  We  are  inextricably  linked 
with  them  in  the  divine  purpose,  and  by  organific  oneness  their 
younger  brethren  in  the  same  royal  family.  Then  it  is  not  true  that 
your  up-to-date  modern  man  has  outgrown  the  old-time  folk.  There 
are  some  values  that  are  dateless;  and  they  are  transmissible  to  the 
susceptible. 

Of  all  souls  it  was  long  since  writ,  "  He  hath  set  eternity  in  their 
heart."  One  may  be  so  "  up-to-date  "  as  to  become  fatally  "  out-of- 
date,"  with  reference  to  the  timeless  and  eternal — so  previous  as  to 
become  ephemeral. 

The  Note  of  the  Eternal 

4.  And  now  note  the  ''  better  thing  "  provided  for  us. 

Let  us  remember  the  significance  of  that  great  assertion  of  Christ, 
"  I  am  come  to  send  fire  on  the  earth."  "  He  that  believeth  in  me, 
the  works  that  I  do  shall  he  do  also,  and  greater  works  than  these 
shall  he  do,  because  I  go  unto  the  Father  "  (so  as  to  empower  you).  If 
his  own  time  was  a  period  of  miracle,  attesting  his  Messiahship,  ours 
was  to  be  an  age  of  supermiraculous  authentication,  attesting  his  own 
progressive  and  extended  fulfilment  in  his  followers.  Pentecost  was 
but  its  inaugural  day.  Its  signs  in  deeper  and  more  vital  forms  were 
to  repeat  themselves  in  us.  The  Pauline  conversion  and  ministry 
were  an  archetypal  expression  of  it;  the  conversion  of  the  Roman 
Empire  and  of  North  Europe  and  the  British  Isles  were  others.  The 
planting  of  Christian  America,  the  Protestant  Reformation,  and 
modern  missions  with  the  reduction  of  200  or  more  languages  to 
writing  and  the  rendering  of  the  Christian  Scriptures  into  450  chief 
languages  of  the  earth  were  further  unfoldings  of  the  supermiraculous ; 
events  all  too  large  for  human  foresight  or  imagination,  utterly  non- 
239 


The  Judson  Centennial 


producible  by  any  evolution  less  than  one  cosmic  and  creative.  Said  a 
noted  priest  from  Italy  on  leaving  the  Rooms  of  the  British  and 
Foreign  Bible  Society,  "  This  is  the  one  institution  in  all  the  world 
greater  than  the  Vatican." 

It  is  because  of  this  cosmic  Christ  that  we  speak  of  the  organic 
nexus  between  seons  past  and  our  present  concrete  realizations  of  the 
same  dynamic  that  empowered  the  ancients. 

The  truth  is  that  the  Infinite,  while  always  sufficient  and  complete 
in  himself — the  great  "  I  am " — could  and  did  also  enter  the  plane 
of  our  human  life  by  becoming  in  the  mode  of  his  earthly  being,  finite 
also,  and  reproducible  in  us. 

It  is  in  the  earthly  Jesus,  whom  Sir  Oliver  Lodge  has  called  the 
"  Sunshine — a  revelation  of  God  fitted  to  our  terrestrial  sphere,"  that 
every  side  of  man's  nature  can  be  touched.  Thus  the  religion  of 
Christ  is  at  once  final  and  progressive.  He  teaches  us  to  find  the 
eternal  in  the  temporal,  the  infinite  in  the  finite,  and  the  cosmic  every- 
where. It  is  in  the  light  of  such  experience  as  he  engenders,  that  we 
gain  the  new  reading  of  history,  and  that  our  every-day  living  be- 
comes so  momentous.  No  philosophy  of  history  can  be  adequate  that 
fails  to  embrace  this  synthesis  of  the  temporal  and  the  timeless.  We 
are  "  not  to  be  guided  by  the  spirit  of  the  time — the  Zeitgeist — but  by 
what  is  there  all  the  time  " — the  Erviggeist.  Hence  it  is  also  that  the 
biblical  writers  are  always  so  in  advance  of  the  mere  annalist  in 
the  interpretation  of  time-symbols.  The  work  of  the  Old  Testament 
Messiah  and  the  New  Testament  Jesus  always  figures  as  a  cosmic 
reality. 

The  Deeper  Solidarity 

Here  then,  beloved,  is  the  true,  the  momentous,  solidarity  between 
ourselves  and  the  eternal  in  our  lines  of  service.  This  is  the  nexus 
of  which  the  ancestor-worship  of  the  Orientals  is  the  wild  growth, 
and  which  it  has  so  tragically  missed.  Here  also  is  the  true  "  apos- 
tolic succession,"  of  which  a  much-mooted  type  is  a  materialization 
and  a  caricature.  It  is  not  the  "  apostolic,"  but  the  dynamic  "  suc- 
cession "  that  matters ;  not  the  "  historic  episcopate,"  but  the  historico- 
etemal  empowerment  that  demands  to  be  conserved. 

Against  the  church  thus  conceived  the  gates  of  hades  can  never 
prevail.  They  have  prevailed  and  ever  do  prevail  against  formalized 
ecclesiasticism,  and  especially  if  it  becomes  arrogant,  stereotyped, 
and  supercilious. 

240 


The  Judson  Centennial 


In  Christ's  life,  whether  conceived  historically  in  himself  or  ex- 
perientially  in  us,  the  infinitely  momentous  life  was  and  is  being 
continually  reenacted  on  the  plane  of  the  earthly  and  temporal.  The 
very  object  of  our  new  being  in  him  is  the  extension  of  that  divine 
dynamic.  Hence  our  preaching,  as  well  as  our  conscious  daily  living, 
is  to  have  in  it  the  eternal  note  with  its  corresponding  momentous 
thrill.    In  no  other  way  can  we  conserve  the  true  pulpit  message. 

Moreover,  this  "  note  of  the  eternal "  presupposes  a  nexus  also  with 
certain  truths  native  to  our  universe  in  the  form  of  revelation  which, 
however,  have  come  down  to  us  "  through  holy  men  of  old  who  spake 
as  they  were  moved  by  the  Holy  Ghost."  These  matters  revealed  are 
in  themselves  timeless,  and  it  is  that  quality  rather  than  mere 
chronicles  of  the  past  which  constitutes  the  Bible  a  revelation.  Some 
of  the  forms  in  which  these  truths  are  couched  are  indeed  in  the 
"  thought  vehicles  "  of  the  age  in  which  they  were  uttered,  but  their 
substance  is  no  mere  product  of  the  age,  and  correspondingly  below 
the  level  of  the  inspired. 

A  fact  like  the  theanthropic  person  of  Christ,  the  eternal  "  Word  " — 
the  incarnation  of  the  atonement  conceived  as  cosmic  realities,  was 
preordained  "  from  before  the  foundation  of  the  world,"  and  is  not  to 
be  reduced  to  mere  historical  episodes  in  time.  The  unique  birth  of 
Jesus,  together  with  his  consequent  sinlessness  of  life,  his  resurrection, 
and  the  future  judgment  of  the  world,  are  never  to  be  separated 
from  their  cosmic  implications. 

Now,  brethren,  it  is  because  principles  like  these,  eternal  in  im- 
port, were  present  in  the  making,  or  rather  remaking  of  great  historic 
prototypes  like  Judson  and  other  ageless  men,  that  we  are  under 
moral  compulsion  to  erect  memorials  to  them.  And  to  these  principles 
we  must  adhere  if  we  would  keep  alive  and  extend  the  potencies  which 
have  given  to  Christian  missions  their  cosmic  reconstructive  power  in 
any  heathen  land.  The  truth  is,  there  are  not,  and  never  have  been, 
any  foreign  missions  worth  considering  where  these  evangelical 
principles  have  been  wanting.  Moreover,  these  positions  have  been 
and  are  the  substantial  equivalent  of  the  Baptist  position,  as  nucleated 
about  Judson,  and  others  of  his  spirit.  To  the  extent  also  that  various 
denominations  have  embraced  and  worked  out  these  same  principles, 
incited  by  such  worthies,  by  whatever  name  the  denomination  is 
called,  are  they  essentially  one  with  us  in  the  same  redeemed  and 
redeeming  fraternity. 

A  denomination  as  a  body,  in  its  typical  and  outstanding  movements 
and  policies  also,  must  be  similarly   characterized,   else  its  mission 


241 


The  Judson  Centennial 


becomes  extinct,  and  its  machineries,  however  cleverly  devised,  turn 
to  decay  a"nd  refuse.  Even  a  charter  once  valid  may  become  annulled, 
and  "  the  lampstand  be  removed  out  of  its  place." 

Our  Real  Peril 

5.  But  what  if  we  twentieth-century  men  and  women,  represent- 
atively assembled  here,  should  miss  this  manifold  or  composite  nexus, 
not  only  with  a  long  line  of  immortals,  but  also  with  the  eternal 
truths  and  the  supermiraculous  potencies  that  have  been  put  within 
our  reach?  Not  only  will  our  loss  be  great  and  irreparable,  but  that 
of  our  spiritual  forebears  also.  Then  the  tower  of  renown  which  the 
Eternal  began  to  build  for  Abraham  and  his  believing  progeny  can 
never  be  completed  until  faith  like  their  own  has  been  rewrought 
in  us  and  our  successors,  till  the  end  of  time.  That  tower  will  rise 
through  the  ages,  tier  on  tier.  It  rises  even  as  we  speak  of  them.  It 
will  never  know  any  confusion  of  tongues.  It  will  reach  unto  heaven, 
and  in  companionship  with  the  great  white  throne  endure  forever. 

Then  the  cosmic  order  above  us  has  interest  in  its  own  behalf  in 
what  transpires  in  our  lives  and  on  our  temporal  plane.  "  To  the 
intent  that  now  unto  principalities  and  powers  in  the  heavenly  places 
might  be  known  by  the  church  the  manifold  wisdom  of  God  according 
to  the  eternal  purpose  which  he  purposed  in  Christ  Jesus  our  Lord." 
As  in  the  Christian  revelation  a  premundane  order  is  presupposed 
and  frequently  hinted,  so  also  the  Bible  represents  everything  for  the 
saints  as  heading  up  in  the  "  new  heavens  and  new  earth,"  with  the 
new  Jerusalem  as  its  capital  and  home — something  sublimely  supra- 
mundane  and  celestial. 

How  can  all  these  things  be?  God  knows.  Morrison,  on  his  way 
to  China,  was  asked  by  the  master  of  the  ship  on  which  he  sailed  if 
he  supposed  he  could  move  and  change  an  old  conservative  land  like 
China  ?  Morrison  replied,  "  No,  I  cannot,  but  my  God  can  do  it." 
When  Sidney  Smith  ridiculed  the  efforts  of  a  consecrated  cobbler  like 
Carey  he  forgot  that  just  such  self-effacing  souls  constitute  shrines 
for  the  Infinite,  the  Cosmic.  Judson,  seized  and  imprisoned  in  Ava 
and  Aungbinle  for  eighteen  months,  could  not  perceive  the  relation 
between  the  severity  of  that  trial  and  the  future  developing  of 
Christendom.  He  was  imprisoned  not  on  a  charge  against  his  re- 
ligion, but  on  the  false  accusation  of  being  a  spy  of  Britain.  Yet  Jud- 
son bore  it  all  as  an  event  in  Providence,  however  inexplicable.  Ah ! 
that  was  the  miracle  of  it.     And  it  was  the  miracle  of  that  trust 

242 


The  Judson  Centennial 


that  so  roused  the  torpid  church  to  the  divineness  of  its  rehgion  and 
assured  for  it  ever- widening  sympathy  and  support. 

Shall  we  not  then  gird  ourselves  afresh  for  those  outstanding  forms 
of  work  which  during  the  past  century  have  compelled  our  fellow 
Christians  of  every  name,  and  the  onlooking  world,  to  take  account 
of  us?  Those  forms  of  work  have  been  the  recovery  to  God  and 
civilization  of  peoples  morally  bankrupt,  like  the  Karens,  the  Pariah 
Telugus,  Garos,  Kachins,  and  kindred  hill-tribes  of  northeast  India, 
the  Visayan  Filipinos,  Cubans,  Porto  Ricans,  and  the  black  races 
everywhere.  This  power  has  been  manifest  also  in  European  lands, 
where  State  Churchism  has  nearly  run  itself  out,  and  the  life  of 
those  peoples  has  been  deeply  renewed  through  our  message.  This 
has  been  manifested  throughout  Scandinavia  and  in  Finland,  in 
Russia  and  Siberia,  in  Germany  and  Hungary,  in  Bohemia,  Bulgaria, 
and  the  Latin  nations,  so  that  on  these  peoples  the  Baptist  name  is 
indelibly  written.  And  likewise  among  scores  of  nationalities  immi- 
grant to  our  New  World,  and  notably  among  the  blacks  of  the 
South  imported  to  this  land  for  quite  other  purposes,  the  power  of 
this  same  gospel  has  been  no  less  marked. 

Now  a  movement  marked  by  such  virilities,  able  to  bring  the 
lowliest  of  mankind  almost  by  a  bound  into  those  great  ultimates  of 
faith  represented  by  us,  is  no  ordinary  phenomenon.  It  is  among  the 
preeminently  supermiraculous  signs  of  the  gospel  era  in  which  we 
live,  a  movement  that  cannot  be  spared  from  the  divine  reconstruc- 
tions at  work  on  earth.  The  essential  dynamic  beneath  it  is  the  appeal 
in  the  Spirit  of  God  to  the  fundamental  personality  of  peoples  long 
despised  and  oppressed,  yet  realizable  through  the  grace  of  the  gospel 
that  has  been  demonstrated  by  our  missionary  history.  It  is  this 
that  has  given  a  name  and  standing  to  our  people  quite  irrespective  of 
our  denominational  title. 

Christians  of  other  names  indeed  have  shared  largely  with  us  in 
kindred  movements,  yet  none  of  them  can  fully  take  our  place, 
nor  make  good  the  loss  should  we  prove  recreant.  Many  there  are, 
indeed,  eager  to  take  over  our  flourishing  and  more  esthetic  plants 
after  we  have  created  them  out  of  the  raw,  such,  e.  g.,  as  are  em- 
bodied in  colleges,  universities,  and  hospitals.  They  still  repudiate, 
however,  our  biblical  interpretations  of  the  very  nature  of  the  church, 
with  its  simple  conception  of  ordinances  and  the  Christian  ministry. 
To  this  can  we  ever  consent  without  inviting  upon  ourselves  judicial 
blindness,  and  writing  Ichabod  upon  the  noblest  enterprises  of  our 
denominational  career?  i 


243 


The  Judson  Centennial 


When  God's  ancient  Israel  had  crossed  the  Jordan,  and  prior  to  the 
advance  for  further  conquest,  they  were  commanded  to  take  twelve 
stones  from  the  bed  of  the  stream  where  the  priests'  mediating  feet 
had  held  back  the  otherwise  whelming  flood,  and  to  erect  a  memorial 
pillar  in  token  of  the  good  hand  that  had  led  them  hitherto,  and  in 
troth  of  the  Presence  that  would  still  exploit  them.  In  after  years, 
when  any  should  ask,  "  What  mean  ye  by  these  stones  ?  "  they  were  to 
answer  that  "  The  waters  of  Jordan  were  cut  off  before  the  Ark  of 
the  Covenant,  as  the  Lord  your  God  did  to  the  Red  Sea,  and  Israel 
came  over  this  Jordan  on  dry  land,  .  .  that  all  the  people  of  the  earth 
might  know  the  hand  of  the  Lord;  that  it  is  mighty,  that  ye  might 
fear  the  Lord  your  God  forever." 

So  here  to-day  we  erect  a  new  monumental  pillar,  and  pass  into 
the  future. 


244 


CENTENNIAL  SIDE-LIGHTS 


V 

CENTENNIAL  SIDE-LIGHTS 


1814     .    The  Missionary  Centennial    •     1914 

THE  NORTHERN  BAPTIST  CONVENTION 

Wednesday,  June  Twenty-fourth 

■    ■ 

The  Afternoon  Session 

1.  Hymn  Tune,  Italian  Hymn 

{The  people  rising) 

Thou,  whose  almiKhty  word  Spirit  of  truth  and  love. 

Chaos  and  darkness  heard,  Life-Kivins;   holy   Dove, 

And  took  their  flight;  Speed   forth  Thy  flight; 

Hear  us,  we  humbly  pray;  Move  o'er  the  waters'   face 

And  where  the  Gospel's  day  Bearing  the  lamp  of  grace. 

Sheds  not  its  glorious  ray.  And  in  earth's  darkest  place 

Let  there  be  light.  Let  there  be  light. 

Thou,  who  didst  come  to  bring  Holy  and  blessed  Three, 

On  Thy  redeeming  wing  Glorious  Trinity, 

Healing  and  sight,        _  Wisdom,    Love,    Might! 

Health  to  the  sick  in  mind.  Boundless  as  ocean's  tide 

Sight  to  the  inly  blind.  Rolling  in  fullest  pride 

O  now  to  all  mankind  Through  the  world,  far  and  wide, 

Let  there  be  light.  Let  there  be  light! 

2.  The   Reading   of   the   Seventy-second   Psalm    and   the    Con- 

certed Praying  of  the  Lord's  Prayer 

Rev.  T.  A.  T.  Hanna,  Pennsylvania 

(Who  married  Emily  Judson; 

3.  The  Presentation  of  the  Veterans  who  Attended  the 

Jubilee  at  Philadelphia  in  1864 

Mrs.  S.  L.  Brackett,  Pennsylvania  Rev.  A.  G.  Lawson,  New  York 

Frances  N.  Brooks,  Massachusetts  Rev.  A.  J.  Padelford,  Massachusetts 

Rev.  G.  S.  Chase,  Massachusetts  Mrs.  Sarah  Potter,  Illinois 

Rev.  M.  B.  Comfort,  New  York  Rev.  T.  W.  Powell,  Ohio 

Rev.  A.  R.  Crane,  New  Jersey  Rev.  V.  A.  Sage,  New  York 

Mrs.  A.J.  Gordon,  Massachusetts  Mrs.  E.  O.  Stevens,  New  York 

Rev.  G.  B.  Ilsley,  Maine  Mrs.  S.  J.  Taylor,  Dis't  of  Columbia 

Rev.  G.  W.  Lasher,  Ohio  Rev.  D.  W.  Wilcox,  New  York 

'63.  Rev.  D.  A.  W.  Smith,  Burma 

'63.  Mrs.  D.  A.  W.  Smith,  Burma 

'63.  Mrs.  Mary  E.  Colburn,  Massachusetts 

Response  on  behalf  of  the  Veterans  (ten  minutes) 

Rev.  M.  B.  Comfort,  Assam  and  New  York 

[77ijj  is  a  reproduction  of  the  Souvenir  Program.] 
247 


The  Judson  Centennial 


Page  four]  THE  MISSIONARY  CENTENNIAL 

4.  Address,  Adoniram  Judson  (thirty  minutes) 

Rev.  O.  P.  Gifford,  D.  D.,  Massachusetts 

5.  Address,  The  Judson  Centennial  in  Burma  (twenty  minutes) 

Rev.  Frank  M.  Goodchild,  D.  D.,  New  York 

6.  Hymn   Tune,  Missionary  Chant 

{The  people  rising) 

Jesus  shall  reign  where'er  the  sun  Blessings  abound  where'er  He  reigns; 

Does  his  successive  journeys  run;  The  prisoner  leaps  to  lose  his  chains; 

His  kingdom  stretch  from  shore  to  shore,  The  weary  find  eternal  rest, 

Till  moons  shall  wax  and  wane  no  more.  And  all  the  sons  of  want  are  blest. 

For  Him  shall  endless  prayer  be  made  Let  every  creature  rise  and  bring 

And  endless  praises  crown  His  head;  Peculiar  honors  to  our  King; 

His  name,  like  sweet  perfume,  shall  rise  Angels  descend  v/ith  songs  again. 

With  every  morning  sacrifice.  And  earth  repeat  the  loud  Amen! 

7.  Address,   One   Hundred   Years   of   American   Baptist   Missionary 

History    (sixty    minutes)    Rev.    Nathan    E.    Wood,    D.    D., 
Massachusetts 

8.  Hymn  Tune,  Materna 

(The  people  rising) 

This    hymn    was    written   especially    for   this    occasion   by    Rev.    Howard    B.    Grose, 
D.   D.,   Editor   of  "  Missions." 

A  hundred  years  sing  praise  to  Thee,  On  Burma's  shores,  where  Judson  wrought, 

Eternal  God  above;  Lo,  ransomed  hosts  upraise 

And  countless  voices  raise  to  Thee  The  banner  of  the  truth  he  taught, 

Their  grateful  hymns  of  love.  And  sing  the  songs  of  praise. 

These  wondrous  years  their  story  tell  So  India,  China,  and  Japan, 

Of  peoples  born  again,  While  idol  temples  fall, 

Of   nations  bowed  beneath  the   spell  See  converts  hail  the  Son  of  Man, 

Of  Him  who  died  for  men.  And  crown  Him  Lord  of  all. 

All  lands  redeemed  sing  praise  to  Thee, 

O  Christ,  our  Lord  and  King; 
We  join  the  choir  and  raise  to  Thee 

Love's  joyous   offering. 
A   hundred  years!      Ring  out,   glad  bells, 

The  Gospel  full  and  free. 
While  all  the  mighty  chorus  swells 

The  praise,  O  Lord,  to  Thee. 

9.  Address Adoniram  B.  Judson,  M.  D.,  New  York 

10.  Address  Rev.  Edward  Judson,  D.  D.,  New  York 

11.  Prayer  and  Benediction Dr.  Edward  Judson 

248 


HENRY   BOND 

President   of   Northern    Baptist    Conven- 
tion,   191J-1914 


D.   A.    \V.   SMITH,   D.   D. 
Fifty  years  in   Burma 


HOWARD  B.   GROSE,  D.  D. 
Editor    of    "  Missions  " 


N.   E.   WOOD.   D.   D. 
Cenicnninl    Tlistdnan 


The  Judson  Centennial 


THE  MISSIONARY  CENTENNIAL  [Page  five 

The  Evening  Session 

1.  Hymn   .• Tune,  Coronation 

(The  people  rising) 

All  hail  the   power  of  Jesus'  name!  Let  every  kindred,  every  tribe, 
Let   angels   prostrate   fall;  On   this   terrestrial  ball. 

Bring   forth   the   royal  diadem,  To   Him   all   majesty  ascribe, 
And  crown  Him  Lord  of  all.  And   crown   Him   Lord   of   all. 

Sinners,  whose  love  can  ne'er  forget  Oh,  that  with  yonder  sacred  throng 

The   wormwood   and  the  gall.  We  at  His  feet  may  fall; 

Go,  spread  your  trophies  at  His  feet.  We'll    join    the    everlasting    song 

And  crown  Him  Lord  of  all.  And  crown  Him  Lord  of  all. 

2.  Reading  of  Scripture  and  Prayer.  ,  .Rev.  Walter  Bushell,  Burma 

3.  Address,  The  Baptists  and  the  Future  of  Foreign  Missions  (sixty 

minutes)   Rev.  William  C.  Bitting,  D.  D.,  Missouri 

4.  Hymn  Tune,  Harwell 

(The  people  rising) 

This  hymn  was  written  especially  for  this  occasion  by  Rev.  J.  M.  Lyons,  of 
Germantown,  Pa.,  eighty-six  years  of  age,  and  was  given  first  place  by  the  committee. 
The  first  stanza  contains  a  reminiscence  of  Grant's  troops  cheering  him  as  he  passed 
by  the  lines  in  the   terrible  but  victorious  campaign  of   1864. 

Onward  speed,  ye  men  of  Heaven, 

Haste  ye   for  the  thickest   fight, 
Holy  trusts  to  you  are  given. 

True  defenders  of  the  right. 
Lo,    the   world   is   in   commotion. 

Great  events  and  grand  are  nigh; 
Pledge  anew  your  heart's  devotion, 

Your  great  Leader's   passing  by. 

Here  the   fathers  took  their  station, 

Teaching  love  divine  for  man; 
Rise,    proclaim   the    great   salvation, 

Carry  on  what  they  began. 
Up  and  on,  nor  halt,  nor  linger. 

Nor    be    idly   waiting    found, 
Lo,   Faith  points  with  radiant  finger 

Where  the  victors  glad  are  crowned. 

Through  the  clouds  the  light  is  breaking 

And   the   ling'ring   shadows   flee. 
Joyful  souls,   from  slumber  waking, 

Shout  the  year  of  Jubilee. 
Hallelujah,   let   glad   voices 

Sound  it  over  hills  and  plains; 
Now  the  host  redeemed   rejoices, 

Lo,    our    Lord   Jehovah    reigns. 

5.  Sending  Out  the  Missionary  Reenforcements.     Introductions 

by  Rev.  Fred  P.  Haggard,  D.   D.,  Home  Secretary  of  the 


Society. 


249 


The  Judson  Centennial 


Page  six'\ 


THE  MISSIONARY  CENTENNIAL 


Official  List  of  New  Appointees 
American  Baptist  Foreign  Mission  Society 


Sailed  previous  to  the  Convention 


AsHER  K.  Mather 
Mrs.  AsHER  K.  Mather 


Judson  C.  King,  M.  D. 
Mrs.  Judson  C.  King 


Sailing  in  the  fall  of  1914 


Godfrey  L.  Bergman 
Mrs.  Godfrey  L.  Bergman 
Raymond  N.  Crawford 
Ruth  Daniels 
I.  Newton  Earle,  Jr. 
Mrs.  I.  Newton  Earle 
Royal  H.  Fisher 
Mrs.  Royal  H.  Fisher 
Victor  Hanson 
Fiancee:  Lucia  M,  Parks 


Mrs.  Ida  M.  Holder 
Archibald  D.  McGlashan 
Amorette  Porter 
Walter  E.  Rodgers 
Mrs.  Walter  E.  Rodgers 
William  H.  Stallings 
Clarence  E.  Van  Horn 
Fiancee:  Alice  M.  Owells 


Sailing  in  1915  or  thereafter 


Archibald  G.  Adams 
Mrs.  Archibald  G.  Adams 
Harold  de  B.  Barss 
Mrs.  Harold  de  B.  Barss 
Zo  D.  Browne 
Mrs.  Zo  D.  Browne 
Alexander  C.  Hanna 
Mrs.  Alexander  C.  Hanna 
Herbert  C.  Long 


Walter  P.  McLeod,  M.  D. 

Fiancee:  Ruby  Bruner 
Francis  P.  Manley 

Fiancee:  Edith  A.  Argo 
Jesse  E.  Moncrieff 
Leslie  B.  Moss 

Fiancee:  Marion  F.  Venn 
Maurice  T.  Price 
Robert  S.  Wallis 

Fiancee:    Caroline    P.    Lang- 
worthy 


Appointees  of  the  Woman's  American  Baptist 
Foreign  Mission  Society 


Harriet  C.  Bennett 
Alice  C.  Bixby 
Omie  E.  Carter 
Mabelle  R.  Culley 
Violet  G.  Ettenger 
Helen  M.  Good 
Elizabeth  Hay 


Marion  C.  Mason 
Ethel  Phelps 
Susan  Roberts 
Ethel  M.  Smith 
Harriet  N.  Smith 
Florence  R.  Weaver,  M.  D. 


250 


The  Judson  Centennial 


THE  MISSIONARY  CENTENNIAL 


[Page  seven 


6.  Hymn    Tune,   Cutler 

{The  people  rising) 


The  Son  of  God  goes   forth  to  war, 

A   kingly  crown   to   gain: 
His   blood-red   banner   streams   afar, 

Who    follows    in    His    train? 
Who  best  can  drink  His  cup  of  woe, 

Triumphant    over    pain; 
Who  patient  bears  His  cross  below, 

He  follows  in  His  train. 

The  martyr  first,   whose   eagle   eye 

Could  pierce  beyond  the  grave. 
Who   saw   his    Master   in   the   sky. 

And  called  on  Him  to  save: 
Like  Him,   with  pardon  on  his  tongue. 

In  midst  of  mortal  pain. 
He  prayed   for  them  that   did   the   wrong: 

Who  follows  in  His  train? 


A  glorious  band,  the  chosen  few 

On  whom  the   Spirit  came, 
Twelve  valiant  saints,  their  hope  they  knew 

And  mocked  the  cross   and   flame: 
They  met  the   tyrant's   brandished   steel. 

The  lion's  gory  mane. 
They  bowed  their  necks,  the  death  to  feel: 

Who  follows  in  their  train? 

A  noble  army,  men  and  boys. 

The   matron  and  the  maid, 
Around   the   Saviour's   throne   rejoice, 

In  robes  of  light  arrayed: 
They  climbed  the  steep  ascent  of  heaven 

Through  peril,   toil,   and  pain: 
O  God,   to  us  may  grace  be  given 

To  follow  in  their  train. 


7.  Benediction 

■    ■ 

The  Centennial  of  the  American  Baptist 
Foreign  Mission  Society 

Thursday,  June  Tzventy-fifth 


The  Morning  Session 

1.  Hymn,  Christ  for  the  World  We  Sing 

No.   I   in  "  The  World  Evangel."  but  the  ordinary  tune. 
(.The  people   rising) 

2.  Prayer  Rev.  William  Pettigrew,  Assam 

3.  Address,  The  Challenge  of  the  Hour 

President  Carter  Helm  Jones,   D.   D.,   Washington 

4.  Open  Parliament 

5.  Hymn,  The  Morning  Light  is  Breaking 

No.   283  in  "  The  World  Evangel."  first  tune. 
(The  people  rising) 

6.  Introduction  of  Rev.  Arthur  C.  Baldwin,  Foreign  Secretary 

251 


The  Judson  Centennial 


Page  eight] THE  MISSIONARY  CENTENNIAL 

7.  Brief  Addresses  by  Missionaries 

Rev.  S.  E.  Moon,  Congo 

Rev.  G.  H.  Hamlen,  Bengal-Orissa 

Rev.  J.  M.  Baker,  South  India 

^-  Hymn  T^ne,  America 

in  ton'^'n^'c""  ^^^  written  especially   for  this  occasion  by  Rev.   James   Many,   Wash- 

{The  people  rising) 

wu*"  ^!u^^''l  ^^"^  T*''^''',  ^"j  Theirs  was  a  sacred  trust. 

When  they  heard  Jesus'  call  Pray,  give,  and  go  they  must 
T  To  save  the  world;  To   save  the   world. 

Into   the   heathen   land  They  did  not  seek  for  fame, 

Went  forth  that  sacred  band  But  went   in  Jesus'   name 

lo   honor   Gods   command.  Lost  peoples  to  reclaim 
And  save  the  world.  And  save  the  world. 

Now,   in  the  morning  glow. 
Up.    Christians,    forward   go 

To  save  the  world; 
God's  truth  and  love  declare 
To  all  men  everywhere; 
Christ's  glorious  triumph  share 

And   save   the   world. 

9.  Business 

10.  Prayer 

11.  Adjournment 


The  Afternoon  Session 
I.  Hymn,  No.  48  in  "  The  World  Evangel  " 

(.The  people  rising) 
Oh,    spread   the   tidings    'round,    wherever   man   is    found, 
Wherever  human  hearts  and  human  woes  abound; 
Let  every  Christian  tongue  proclaim  the  joyful  sound, 
The  Comforter  has  come. 

Chorus : 

The  Comforter  has  come,  the  Comforter  has  come. 
The  Holy  Ghost  from  heaven,  the  Father's  promise  given; 
Oh,  spread  the  tidings  'round,  wherever  man  is  found. 
The  Comforter  has  come. 

The  long,   long  night  is  past,  the  morning  breaks  at  last. 
And  hushed  the   dreadful  wail  and  fury  of  the  blast, 
As  o'er  the  golden  hills  the  day  advances  fast. 

The   Comforter   has   come.  Chorus 

Lo,  the  great  King  of  kings,  with  healing  in  his  wings. 

To   every   captive    soul    a  full    deliverance   brings; 

And  through  the  vacant  cells  the  song  of  triumph  rings. 

The   Comforter   has   come.  Chorus 

O  boundless  love  divine!     How  shall  this  tongue  of  mine 
To   wond'ring   mortals  tell   the   matchless   grace   divine — 
That  I,  a  child  of  sin,  should  in  his  image  shine? 

The    Comforter    has    come.  Chorus 

252 


The  Judson  Centennial 


THE  MISSIONARY  CENTENNIAL  [Page  nine 

2.  Prayer  Rev.  J.  M.  Foster,  D.  D.,  China 

3.  Report  of  the  Judson  Centennial  Commission 

President  George  E.  Horr,  D.  D.,  Chairman 

4.  Brief  Addresses  by  Missionaries 

Rev.  J.  E.  Cummings,  D.  D.,  Burma  Rev.  C.  L.  Davenport,  Burma 
Rev.  D.  A.  W.  Smith,  D.  D.,  Burma  Rev.  H.  B.  Benninghoff,  Japan 
Rev.  David  Gilmore,  Burma  Rev.  R.  B.  Longwell,  Assam 

Rev.  Jacob  Speicher,  China 

5.  Hymn,  Onward,  Christian  Soldiers 

No.  215  in  "The  World  Evangel" 
(.The  people  rising) 

6.  Award  of  Centennial  Prize  Libraries 

^  Mr.   Henry  Bond,  President  of  the  Convention 

7.  Address,  The  Appeal  of  the  East  to  the  Churches  of  the  West 

Rev.  W.  A.  Hill,  Minnesota,  Member  of  the  Centennial  Party 
to  the  Far  East 

8.  Hymn   Tune,  The  Son  of  God  Goes  Forth  to  War 

This  hymn   was   written  especially   for   this  occasion  by   Rev.   Wallace    I.    Coburn, 
of  North  Bennington,  Vt. 

Awake,   awake,   O   Church   of  God!  The  fathers  heard;  they  followed  fast, 

Comes  now  to  thee  the  call  And   eager   met  the   foe. 

Of   Christ,   thy   Lord,   who   bids   thee   on  The   prison's   chain,   the   dungeons  gloom, 

Till  every  foe  shall   fall.  And  drank  the  cup  of  woe. 

What  though  the  hosts  of  darkness  stand.  With  faith-cleared  eye  they  saw  the  Lord, 

Their   last   fierce   battle    make?  The  meaning  of  His  cross; 

The  Victor,  Christ,  He  summons  thee;  For  mankind's  sake,   for  Jesus'   love, 

O  Church  of  God,  awake!  AH  things  they  counted  loss. 

O  Church  of  God,  lose  not  the  day.  The  toil  and  labor  of  the  years. 

That  now  has  come  to  thee;  Let  these  not  be  in  vain; 

A  world,  awaking  from  its  sleep,  Haste,  reap  where  others  sowed  in  tears, 

Is  waiting  light  to   see.  And  weary  served  in  pain. 

On   heathen   altars   fires  burn   low.  Thy    sons,    thy   daughters,   ready   are 

Forsaken   temples  are;  To  dare  for  Jesus'  sake: 

Now,  now  advance,  let  idols  fall,  O  golden  hour!     What  call  is  thine! 

And  Christ  be.  known  afar.  O  Church  of  God,  awake. 

9.  Presentation   of   Fraternal   Delegates 

By  Rev.  Fred  P.  Haggard,  D.  D.,  Home  Secretary 

253 


The  Judson  Centennial 


Page  ten] 


THE  MISSIONARY  CENTENNIAL 


Missionary  Organizations  which  have  sent  Greetings, 
with  Names  of  Fraternal  Delegates  Present 

Boards  in  the  United  States 

American  Advent  Mission  Society   

American  Bible  Society Mr.  Churchill  H.  Cutting 

Foreign    Mission    Board    of    the    Southern    Baptist 

Convention     Rev.  T.  B.  Ray 

China   Inland   Mission    (American   Branch)    

Mission  Board  of  the  Christian  Church    •••;■•. Rev.  M.  T.  Morrill,  A.M. 

Missionary  Society  of  the  Evangelical  Association  . . 

Federal  Council  of  the  Churches  of  Christ  in  Amer- 
ica         Rev.  A.  G.  Lawson,  D.D. 

American  Friends'  Board  of  Foreign  Missions   ..... 

Foreign  Missionary  Association  of  Friends  of  Phila- 
delphia        Miss  Sara  M.  Longstreth 

Laymen's      Missionary      Movement     of     the     United 

States  and   Canada    Mr.  Mornay  Williams 

Foreign    Christian    Missionary    Society    Rev.  A.   McLean,   D.D. 

Christian  and   Missionary  Alliance    

General  Mission  Board  of  the  Church  of  the  Breth- 
ren  

American  Board  of  Commissioners  for  Foreign  Mis- 
sions           William  Douglas  Mackenzie, 

Board  of  Foreign  Missions  of  the  General  Synod  of  D.D.,  LL.D. 

the    Evangelical    Lutheran    Church    in    the    United 
States    of   America    Rev.  L.  L.  Uhl,  D.D.,  Ph.D. 

Parent  Home  and  Foreign  Missionary  Society  of  the 
African   Methodist   Episcopal   Church    

Genera!  Missionary  Board  of  the  Free  Methodist 
Church   of   North   America    

Board  of  Foreign  Missions  of  the  Methodist  Episco- 
pal   Church    Rev.  Edward  S.  Ninde,  D.D. 

Board     of     Missions     of     the     Methodist     Episcopal 

Church,    South    Rev.  W.  W.  Pinson,  D.D. 

Board  of  Foreign  Missions  of  the  Methodist  Protes- 
tant Church    

Missionary    Education    Movement    

Executive  Committee  of  Foreign  Missions  of  the 
Presbyterian   Church  in  the  United   States    ...... 

Board    of     Foreign     Missions     of    the     Presbyterian 

Church  in  the  United  States  of  America   Rev.  George  Alexander,   D.D. 

Board  of  Foreign  Missions  of  the  United  Presby- 
terian  Church   of   North    America   

Domestic  and  Foreign  Missionary  Society  of  the 
Protestant  Episcopal  Church  in  the  United  States 
of   America    Rt.  Rev.  Wm.  Lawrence,  D.D. 

Board  of  Foreign  Missions  of  the   Reformed  Church 

in   America    Rev.  E.  W.  Miller,  D.D. 

Board  of  Foreign  Missions  of  the  Reformed  Church 
in  the  United  States  •  ••  • ; 

Scandinavian   Alliance    Mission    

Seventh-Day  Adventists   Denomination    

Student  Volunteer  Movement Rev.  J.  C.  Robbins 

Foreign  Missionary  Society  of  the  United  Brethren 
in    Christ    ._ 

Society  of  the  United  Brethren  for  Propagating  the 

Gospel  among  the  Heathen   Rev.  Paul  de  Schweinitz,  D.D. 

Foreign  Department  of  the  International  Committee 
of  Young  Men's  Christian  Associations  of  North 
America    Mr.  A.  B.  Nichols 

Foreign  Department  of  the  National^  Board  of  the 
Young  Women's  Christian  Associations  of  the 
United  States  of  America    

The  World's  Christian  Endeavor  Union    Rev.   Francis  E.   Clark,   D.D., 

LL.D. 


The  Judson  Centennial 


THE  MISSIONARY  CENTENNIAL  [Page  eleven 

Boards  in  Canada 

Canadian  Baptist  Foreign  Mission  Board Rev.  J.  G.  Brown,  D.D. 

Canada    Congregational    Foreign    Missionary    Society 

Missionary  Society  of  the  Methodist  Church,  Canada 

Foreign     Mission     Committee     of    the     Presbyterian 

Church  in  Canada — Western  Division   

Boards  in  Great  Britain 

Baptist  Union  of  Great  Britain  and  Ireland   

Brethren's  Society  for  the  Furtherance  of  the  Gos- 
pel among  the  Heathen   Rev.  Paul  de  Schweinitz,  D.D. 

British  and  Foreign  Bible  Society 

China    Inland    Mission 

Church  of  England  Zenana   Missionary   Society    .... 

Church   Missionary   Society   for  Africa   and   the   East 

Church  of  Scotland  Foreign  Mission  Committee   .... 

Continuation    Committee    of    the    World     Missionary 

Conference.   Edinburgh    Rev.  J.  H.  Franklin,  D.D. 

Friends'  Foreign   Mission  Association    Rev.  R.  L.  Simkin 

Londor    Missionary    Society    

Mission  to  Lepers'in  India  and  the  East   Mrs.  W.  M.  Danner 

Foreign  Missions  Committee  of  the  Presbyterian 
Church  of  England    

Regions  Beyond  Missionary  Union 

Society  for  the  Propagation  of  the  Gospel  in  Foreign 
Parts 

Sudan  United  Mission   

United  Free  Church  of  Scotland's  Foreign  Mission 
Committee    

The  Missions  of  the  Society 

Missions  in  Burma    Rev.  D.  A.  W.  Smith.  D.D. 

Missions  in  Assam    Rev.  M.   C.   Mason,   D.D. 

Missions  in  South  India    Rev.  A.  H.  Curtis 

Missions  in  Bengal-Orissa    Rev.    G.    H.    Hamlen 

Missions  in  South  China    Rev.  Jacob  Speicher 

Missions  in  East  China     Rev.  Charles  S.  Keen 

Missions  in  West  China     

Missions  in  Central  China     

Missions  in  Japan     Rev.  H.  B.  Benninghoff 

Missions  in  Africa     Rev.  P.  C.  Metzger 

Missions  in  the  Philippine  Islands     Rev.  P.  H.  J.  Lerrigo,  M.D. 

Missions  in  France 

1.  Franco-Swiss 

2.  Franco-Belgian     

Missions  in  Germany    

Missions  in  Sweden    Rev.  O.  J.   Engstrand 

Missions  in   Spain    

Missions  in  Russia     

Missions  in  Finland    Rev.  John  A.  Kallman 

Missions  in  Denmark   

Missions  in  Norway    Rev.  O.  Breding 

Other  Cooperating  Societies  of  the  Convention 

American  Baptist  Home  Mission  Society    Rev.  H.  L.  Morehouse,  D.D. 

American  Baptist  Publication  Society Rev.  A.  J.  Rowland,  D.D. 

Woman's  American  Baptist  Home  Mission  Society    .  Mrs.  A.  G.  Lester 

Woman's  American  Baptist  Foreign  Mission  Society  Mrs.  H.  B.  Montgomery 

■     ■ 

10.  Address  by  President  William  Douglas  Mackenzie,  D.  D.,  LL.  D., 
Hartford,  Connecticut,  representing  the  American  Board  of 
Commissioners  for  Foreign  Missions,  and  speaking  on  behalf 
of  all  the  Fraternal  Delegates 

255 


The  Judson  Centennial 


Page  twelve]  THE  MISSIONARY  CENTENNIAL 

11.  Hymn    Tune,   Grostete 

{The  people  rising) 

Soon  may  the  last  glad  song  arise  Let  thrones  and  powers  and  kingdoms  be 

Through  all  the  millions  of  the  skies —  Obedient,   mighty  God,   to   Thee! 

That  song  of  triumph  that  records  And  over  land  and  stream  and  main, 

That  all  the  earth  is  now  the  Lord's!  Wave  Thou  the  scepter  of  Thy  reign! 

Oh,  let  that  glorious  anthem  swell. 
Let  host  to  host  the  triumph  tell. 
That   not   one   rebel   heart   remains. 
But  over  all  the  Saviour  reigns! 

12.  Prayer  and  Benediction 

■    ■ 

The  Evening  Session 

1.  Hymn   Tune,  Federal  Street 

This  hymn  was  written  especially  for  this  occasion  by  Miss  Ellen  Hamlin  Butler, 
of  Bangor,  Maine. 

{The  people  rising) 

Saviour  of  men,  to  Thee  belong  Still  dost  Thou  stretch  beseeching  hands, 

Worship  and  praise  in  holy  song.  Longing  to  bless  the  outer  lands. 

Angels  exalt  Thy  power  above;  Still   is   Thy  dearest  hope   denied, 

Ours  is  the  rapture  born  of  love.  Still   is   Thy  love   unsatisfied. 

All  that  Thy  people  call  their  own,  Lord,  here  and  now,  our  souls  prepare, 

Thou  hast  bestowed,  and  Thou  alone.  Gird  us  Thy  tireless  quest  to  share. 

All  that  we  dare  to  do  or  be.  Till  earth's  last  kingdom  we  behold. 

Master  of  life,  has  come  from  Thee.  Shepherd  of  nations,  in  Thy  fold. 

2.  Prayer Rev.  A.  H.  Curtis,  South  India 

3.  Address,  Money  or  Life 

Rev.  Emory  W.  Hunt,  D.  D.,  General  Secretary  of  the  Society 

4.  Hymn    Tune,   Doane 

(The  people  rising) 

Fling  out  the  banner:  let  it  float  Fling  out  the  banner:  heathen  lands 
Skyward  and  seaward,  high  and  wide;  Shall  see  from  far  the  glorious  sight; 

The  sun  that  lights  its  shining  folds.  And  nations,   crowding  to   be   born, 
The  cross  on  which  the  Saviour  died.  Baptize  their  spirits  in  its  light. 

Fling  out  the  banner:  angels  bend  Fling  out  the  banner:  let  it  float 

In  anxious  silence  o'er  the  sign.  Skyward  and  seaward,  high  and  wide: 

And   vainly  seek  to   comprehend  Our  glory  only  in  the  Cross, 
The  wonder  of  the  love  divine.  Our  only  hope,  the  Crucified. 

5.  Address,  Why  We  Should  Enlarge  Our  Plans 

John  R.  Mott,  LL.  D.,  Chairman  of  the  Continuation  Com- 
mittee of  the  Edinburgh  Conference 

6.  Hymn    Tune,   Austria 

(.The  people  rising) 

We   are   living,   we   are  dwelling  Worlds   are   charging,   heaven  beholding. 

In  a  grand  and  awful  time.  Thou  hast  but  an  hour  to  fight; 

In  an  age  on  ages  telling;  Now  the  blazoned  cross  unfolding. 

To  be   living   is  sublime.  On,  right  onward,  for  the  right! 

Hark,  the  waking  up  of  nations.  On,  let  all  the  soul  within  you 

Gog  and   Magog  to   the   fray:  For  the  truth's  sake  go  abroad. 

Hark,   what   soundeth.'   is   creation  Strike,    let   every   nerve   and   sinew 

Groaning  for  its  latter  day.?  Tell  on  ages,  tell  for  God. 

7.  Prayer  and  Benediction 


256 


The  Judson  Centennial 


II 

REPORT  OF  THE  JUDSON  CENTENNIAL 
COMMISSION 

The  Judson  Centennial  Commission  was  appointed  by  the  Board 
of  Managers  of  the  American  Baptist  Foreign  Mission  Society, 
September  14,  1910,  to  secure  a  proper  observance  of  the  centennial 
of  Adoniram  Judson's  arrival  in  Burma  and  the  organization  of  the 
American  Baptist  Foreign  Mission  Society,  The  Commission  or- 
ganized at  Rochester,  New  York,  March  16,  191 1,  by  the  election  of 
the  following  officers  and  Executive  Committee : 

President,  Rev.  Augustus  H.  Strong,  D.  D.,  LL.  D. 

Vice-president,  J.  S.  Dickerson,  Litt.  D. 
Recording  Secretary,  Rev.  Stacy  R.  Warburton 

Treasurer,  Chas.  W.  Perkins 

Executive  Committee 

Rev.  E.  A.  Hanley.  D.  D.  Rev.  H.  J.  White,  D.  D. 

Rev.  A.  C.  Baldwin  Rev.  C.  H.  Moss,  D.  D. 

Col.  E.  H.  Haskell  Rev.  Thos.  S.  Barbour.  D.  D. 

Pres.  George  E.  Horn,  D.  D.  Mrs.  H.  G.  Safford 

Mrs.  M.  Grant  Edmands  Miss  H.  S.  Ellis 

Rev.  Walter  Galley,  D.  D.  Rev.  F.  P.  Haggard,  D.  D. 

Doctor  Hanley  later  resigned  and  the  following  were  added  to  the 
committee : 

Rev.  Herbert  S.  Johnson,  D.  D. 
Rev.  H.  B.  Grose,  D.  D. 
Rev.  J.  H.  Franklin,  D.  D. 
Mr.  E.  S.  Butler 

The  latter  became  treasurer  vice  Mr.  Perkins,  resigned. 

The  Executive  Committee  was  organized  with  President  George 
E.  Horr,  D.  D.,  as  Chairman,  and  Miss  Harriett  S.  Ellis  as  Record- 
ing Secretary.  Rev.  Fred  P.  Haggard,  D.  D.,  was  elected  Ex- 
ecutive Secretary,  and  Rev.  Stacy  R.  Warburton,  Assistant  Secretary. 

257 


The  Judson  Centennial 


The  conduct  of  the  centennial  celebration  has  been  under  the  direc- 
tion of  the  Executive  Committee,  but  no  plans  have  been  undertaken 
or  expenditures  authorized  without  the  approval  of  the  Board  of 
Managers  of  the  Foreign  Mission  Society. 

The  general  plan  of  the  celebration  included  cooperation  with  a 
committee  in  Burma  in  a  worthy  observance  of  the  centennial  of  the 
founding  of  that  mission  by  Judson,  and  also  a  campaign  of  education 
and  inspiration  among  the  churches  in  America.  Linking  these  to- 
gether was  the  Judson  Centennial  Tour  to  Burma  and  our  other  mis- 
sion fields  of  Asia. 

The  committee  in  Burma,  to  whose  efficient  secretary,  Rev.  J.  E. 
Cummings,  D.  D.,  not  a  little  of  the  success  of  the  Burma  celebra- 
tion is  due,  was  an  integral  part  of  the  Commission,  but  very  properly 
all  details  of  the  centennial  plans  in  that  field  were  left  to  them. 
The  observance  was  a  notable  one.  The  principal  meetings,  were  held 
in  Rangoon,  the  lieutenant-governor  presiding  at  one  of  the  sessions. 
Meetings  were  also  held  at  Moulmein,  Mandalay,  and  other  centers, 
with  memorable  memorial  services  at  Amherst,  Aungbinle,  and  Ava. 
By  invitation  of  the  Society  representatives  were  present  from  most 
of  our  Baptist  missions  in  Asia,  together  with  delegates  from  the 
missions  of  other  denominations  in  India  and  Siam.  The  presence 
of  the  members  of  the  Judson  Tour  party,  and  other  visitors  from 
America,  aided  in  making  the  celebration  one  worthy  of  the  great 
pioneer  and  of  the  Society. 

The  Judson  Centennial  Tour  was  largely  an  experiment.  No  such 
tour  had  previously  been  conducted,  and  it  was  impossible  to  an- 
nounce all  the  details  in  advance,  or  to  estimate  the  expense  accu- 
rately. But  the  tour  was  a  great  success,  so  much  so  that  members  of 
the  party  and  missionaries  unite  in  urging  that  a  similar  tour  be 
arranged  every  three  or  five  years.  The  original  plans  contemplated 
two  tours,  one  around  the  world,  the  other  to  Burma  and  return. 
But  the  small  number  of  applications  for  the  shorter  tour,  together 
with  unforeseen  changes  in  the  steamship  schedules,  made  it  ad- 
visable to  cancel  this  tour.  The  main  party  sailed  from  San  Fran- 
cisco, August  26,  1913,  under  the  direction  of  Rev.  James  V.  Lati- 
mer of  the  East  China  Mission,  and  visited  Japan,  Central,  East,  and 
South  China,  the  Philippines,  Burma,  Assam,  Bengal-Orissa,  and 
South  India,  returning  via  Naples  to  New  York,  March  12.  A 
second  party  sailed  October  5,  overtaking  the  main  party  in  South 
China.  In  Japan  and  North  India  the  tour  was  under  the  direction  of 
Thos.  Cook  and  Son ;  elsewhere  arrangements  were  made  through  the 

258 


The  Judson  Centennial 


missionaries  of  the  Society.  By  authorization  of  the  Board  an  ex- 
perienced missionary  in  each  field  was  set  apart  to  conduct  the  party, 
with  the  result  that  the  tourists  saw  the  things  most  worth  seeing, 
from  both  missionary  and  sightseeing  points  of  view.  This  was  a 
most  important  feature  of  the  tour.  From  twenty  to  thirty  persons — 
pastors,  laymen,  and  women — made  up  the  party  in  different  portions 
of  the  tour,  and  all  were  intent  upon  one  purpose — to  see  at  first 
hand  the  work  of  the  missionaries,  with  the  results  and  needs  of  their 
work.  Owing  largely  to  the  difficulty  of  forecasting  the  expenses,  the 
tour  resulted  in  a  deficit  of  $598.21,  which,  however,  was  less  than 
the  deficit  anticipated  by  the  Board.  The  tour  was  well  worth  while, 
the  extra  contributions  of  members  of  the  party  alone  far  exceeding 
the  net  loss  to  the  Society.  From  the  experience  which  has  been 
gained  it  will  be  possible  in  the  future  to  conduct  other  tours  to  the 
mission  fields  with  even  greater  success. 

The  Centennial  Campaign  in  the  United  States  was  confined  prac- 
tically to  the  regular  foreign  mission  period  of  the  year — January, 
February,  and  March.  However,  Judson  Day,  Sunday,  July  13 — the 
centenary  of  the  arrival  of  Judson  and  his  wife  in  Rangoon — was  ob- 
served in  many  of  the  churches.  A  simple  program  was  suggested 
by  the  Commission,  including  the  church  service,  the  Sunday-school, 
and  the  young  people's  society.  This  program  was  sent  out  through 
the  Department  of  Missionary  Education. 

The  general  Judson  Centennial  Campaign  was  also  conducted 
through  the  Department  of  Missionary  Education.  In  the  number 
of  churches  cooperating  this  was  the  most  successful  foreign  mission 
campaign  which  the  Society  has  had.  It  is  impossible  to  tell  how 
many  churches  participated  actively,  but  more  or  less  literature  was 
supplied  to  2,047.  Special  centennial  features  were  the  circulation  of 
the  books  "  Judson  the  Pioneer,"  among  the  boys,  and  "  Ann  of  Ava," 
among  the  girls,  study  classes  using  the  centennial  text-book  "  Fol- 
lowing the  Sunrise,"  a  special  edition  of  the  Missionary  Education 
Movement  Easter  program,  "  The  Triumph  of  Christ,"  introducing  a 
unique  Judson  exercise,  the  circulation  of  a  specially  prepared  litho- 
graph portrait  of  Judson,  the  sale  of  the  Judson  Medal,  and  the  col- 
lection of  a  special  Judson  Memorial  Offering.  A  further  word 
should  be  said  regarding  certain  of  these. 

One  of  the  most  important  actions  of  the  Commission  was  the 
publication,  through  the  American  Baptist  Publication  Society,  of  a 
number  of  much-needed  books.  One  of  these  was  a  text-book  on 
the  work  of  the  Society,  in  historical  form.     The  Commission  was 

R  259 


The  Judson  Centennial 


fortunate  in  securing  Mrs.  Helen  Barrett  Montgomery  to  write  this 
book,  "  Following  the  Sunrise."  It  has  been  widely  sold  and  studied. 
A  most  attractive  life  of  Ann  Hasseltine  Judson  was  available  in 
"  Ann  of  Ava,"  published  by  the  Missionary  Education  Movement, 
but  no  life  of  the  heroic  Judson  himself  had  ever  been  written  in 
form  for  boys.  Recognizing  the  importance  of  introducing  the  great 
missionary  to  the  boys  in  our  Baptist  homes,  the  Commission  arranged 
with  Rev.  J.  Mervin  Hull,  whose  writings  for  boys  and  young  people 
were  well  known,  to  prepare  such  a  book,  and  "  Judson  the  Pioneer  " 
is  the  notable  result.  A  manuscript  different  in  character  from  any 
of  those  mentioned  was  also  offered  to  the  Commission  by  the  author, 
Rev.  J.  L.  Hill,  D.  D.,  and  was  published  under  the  title  "  The 
Immortal  Seven — Judson  and  his  Associates  " — a  unique  and  interest- 
ing volume.  Mention  should  also  be  made  of  "  Jesus  Christ's  Men," 
a  dramatic  presentation  of  the  beginnings  of  our  Baptist  missionary 
work,  written  by  Mrs.  Caroline  Atwater  Mason  and  published  inde- 
pendently of  the  Commission  by  the  Publication  Society.  The  sale 
of  the  books  reported  by  the  Publication  Society  up  to  April  i,  1914, 
was  as  follows :  "  Following  the  Sunrise,"  9,087  copies,  of  which 
1,370  were  distributed  by  the  Department  of  Missionary  Education; 
"Judson  the  Pioneer,"  3,697;  "Jesus  Christ's  Men,"  1,621;  "The 
Immortal  Seven,"  1,188.  These  books  will  continue  to  be  sold  for 
an  indefinite  time  to  come.  It  was  the  plan  and  hope  of  the  Com- 
mission to  have  also  a  serious  historical  volume  on  the  one  hundred 
years  of  the  Society's  work,  and  Doctor  Barbour,  the  former  Foreign 
Secretary  of  the  Society,  undertook  the  authorship.  After  a  large 
amount  of  invaluable  material  had  been  collated,  however,  and  the 
promise  was  good  for  a  noteworthy  production,  and  a  large  part  of 
the  work  was  nearly  ready  for  press,  Doctor  Barbour  was  compelled 
by  ill  health  to  postpone  its  completion,  to  the  great  disappointment  of 
himself,  as  well  as  the  Commission.  It  is  hoped  that  the  work  may 
yet  be  finished. 

The  Judson  Centennial  Medal  was  struck  in  order  to  furnish  a 
permanent  souvenir  of  the  Centennial,  which  would  also  have  a  dis- 
tinct educational  value  to  those  who  possessed  it,  especially  the  chil- 
dren and  young  people.  The  medals  were  manufactured  by  the 
Whitehead  and  Hoag  Company  of  Newark,  New  Jersey,  who  made  a 
special  model  of  Judson's  head  for  the  design  on  the  obverse.  On 
the  reverse  was  the  seal  of  the  Society.  The  medals  had  a  large 
sale,  though  the  limited  time  during  which  they  could  be  sold  natu- 
rally  affected   their   circulation.     The   medal   formed   a   part   of   the 

260 


The  Judson  Centennial 


badge  given  to  delegates  to  the   Northern   Baptist   Convention   this 
centennial  year. 

It  was  believed  that  the  centennial  celebration  would  be  incomplete 
without  some  definite  financial  objective.     Various  plans  were  sug- 
gested, both  by  the  missionaries  in   Burma  and  by  friends  in  this 
country.     The   necessary    limitations   of   the    Budget-Apportionment 
Plan,  together  with  the  natural  reaction  which  might  be  expected  in 
the  future,  made  it  unwise  or  impossible  to  adopt  any  plan  calling 
for  the  raising  of  a  special  fund.     It  was  finally  decided  through 
agreement  by  all  the  foreign  societies  to  ask  the  Sunday-schools  to 
assume  the  budget  for  educational  work,  and  a  pamphlet  was  issued 
containing   suggestions   of   definite    items    which    could   be    taken   by 
individual  schools.    It  is  too  soon  to  announce  the  result  of  this  plan. 
A  valuable  feature  of  the  Centennial  Campaign  was  the  wide  use 
of  two  new  stereopticon  lectures  prepared  under  the  direction  of  the 
Commission :   one   a   life   of   Judson,   entitled    "  The    Story   of   Jud- 
son," and  the  other  a  historical  survey  of  the  century,  "  A  Century 
of  Missionary  Achievement."     A  number  of  sets  of  each  lecture  was 
prepared,  and  placed  in  the  hands  of  the  District  Secretaries  and  the 
Department  of  Missionary  Education.     They  were   in   constant  de- 
mand, and  will  be  used  widely  for  some  time  to  come.     The  lecture, 
"  The   Story  of  Judson,"   was  practically  identical   with  one  widely 
circulated  during  the  year  by  the  Missionary  Education  Movement. 
Mention  should  be  made  of  the  valuable  assistance  rendered  in  the 
campaign  by  Rev.  Edward  Judson,  D.  D.,  who  traveled  extensively 
among  the  churches,   giving  addresses   on   the   work  of  his   father. 
The  churches  were  eager  to  hear  the  great  pioneer's  son,  and  far 
more  than  the  time  at  his  disposal  could  have  been  used  in  this  note- 
worthy service. 

Perhaps  the  most  valuable  feature  of  the  whole  Centennial  Cam- 
paign has  been  the  voluntary  observance  by  pastors  and  churches 
in  all  parts  of  the  country.  Original  programs  have  been  prepared, 
addresses  and  sermons  without  number  have  been  preached,  and 
throughout  our  denomination  the  life  of  the  great  missionary  and  its 
results  have  been  studied  as  never  before.  Not  all  that  was  hoped 
from  the  campaign  has  been  realized,  but,  on  the  other  hand,  in  many 
ways  the  Centennial  has  been  successful  far  beyond  expectations.  It 
would  have  been  a  tremendous  loss  not  to  have  observed  so  note- 
worthy an  event.    We  rejoice  to  have  had  a  part  in  it. 

Boston,  June,  1914. 

261 


The  Judson  Centennial 


FACSIMILE  OF  INVITATION   SENT  BY  THE  FOREIGN   SOCIETY  TO  FRATERNAL  BODIES 

262 


The  Judson  Centennial 


III 

FRATERNAL  GREETINGS 

The  Fraternal  Greetings  received  from  the  missionary  organiza- 
tions of  this  country  and  Europe  were  most  gratifying  in  their  char- 
acter, and  we  wish  it  were  possible  to  include  them  all,  as  a  most 
remarkable  expression  of  Christian  appreciation  and  fellowship  in 
the  work  of  world  evangelization.  A  few  representative  replies  are 
given.  Some  were  beautifully  engrossed  and  illuminated;  all  will 
be  prized  in  the  archives  of  the  Society,  which  rejoices  in  its  filial 
relations  with  these  agencies  of  the  kingdom. 

From  the  American  Board 
To  the  American  Baptist  Foreign  Mission  Society: 

Dear  Brethren  :  The  American  Board  of  Commissioners  for  Foreign 
Missions  desires  to  offer  you  upon  the  attainment  of  the  centenary  of 
your  foundation  a  most  heartfelt  and  fraternal  message  of  congratula- 
tion and  good  will. 

A  common  origin  unites  us.  Not  only  were  our  beginnings  prac- 
tically one  in  time ;  they  were  rooted  in  the  same  soil.  They  sprang 
from  the  evangelical  reawakening  that  marked  the  opening  of  the 
nineteenth  century,  and  from  the  resulting  foreign  missionary  interest 
which,  appearing  first  at  Williamstown  and  its  haystack,  became  definite 
and  determined  at  Andover  Seminary  with  the  coming  thereto  of 
Adoniram  Judson,  one  of  our  first  appointed  missionaries,  and  your 
illustrious  progenitor. 

Though  at  the  time  Judson's  withdrawal  from  us  was  a  sore  dis- 
appointment and  trial,  the  American  Board  soon  came  to  realize,  what 
it  has  had  occasion  to  feel  yet  more  intensely  as  each  achieving  year 
has  passed,  that  the  separation  was  to  the  fuller  glory  of  God,  and  the 
wider  spread  of  his  kingdom. 

A  common  task  unites  us.  Neighbors  at  the  home  base  as  well  as 
on  the  mission  field,  we  are  happy  in  the  cordial  friendships  that  have 
developed  and  in  the  frequent  exchange  of  courtesies  and  counsels  that 
have  marked  our  association.  In  no  other  field  of  service,  we  feel  sure, 
do  the  several  laborers  recognize  more  clearly  that  the  work  is  one. 

We  rejoice  with  you  over  the  splendid  record  of  the  hundred  years 
it  is  given  you  to  review,  and  we  look  forward  with  you  to  the  second 
century,  now  opening,  with  kindling  hope  that  it  shall  reveal  yet  more 
signally  the  presence  and  power  of  God's  living  spirit  in  all  your  opera- 

263 


The  Judson  Centennial 


tions.     To  the   great   task   may  we   all   prove    faithful  till   his   kingdom 
shall  come  and  his  will  be  done  on  earth  as  it  is  in  heaven. 

By  direction  of  the  Prudential  Committee  of  the  American  Board  of 
Commissioners  for  Foreign  Missions. 

Francis   O.    Winslow,   Chairman, 
William  E.  Strong,  Clerk. 


From  the  British  and  Foreign  Bible  Society 

The  Committee  of  the  British  and  Foreign  Bible  Society  present  their 
fraternal  greetings  and  sincere  congratulations  to  the  Board  of  the 
American  Baptist  Foreign  Mission  Society,  and  desire  to  join  with  them 
in  their  thanksgiving  over  the  one  hundred  yfears  of  happy  and  suc- 
cessful missionary  labor  which  it  has  pleased  God  in  his  goodness  to 
grant   to    their    Society. 

In  these  days,  when  the  fulfilment  of  the  divine  command  to  evangelize 
all  nations  seems  to  present  no  difficulties  which  the  faithful  and  prayer- 
ful endeavors  of  the  Christian  church  cannot  overcome,  the  remembrance 
of  the,  heroic  faith  and  enduring  vision  of  those  who,  a  century  ago, 
went  forth  almost  alone  under  the  compelling  constraint  of  the  love  of 
Christ,  calls  forth  gladness  of  thanksgiving  for  past  mercies  and  a 
spirit  of  humble  but  confident  reconsecration  to  the  fulfilment  of  the 
task  which  they  so  nobly  begun. 

The  Bible  Society  pays  its  special  tribute  to  the  memory  of  Adoniram 
Judson  not  only  as  a  great  missionary  associated  with  the  beginnings 
of  two  great  Societies,  but  also  as  a  translator  of  the  holy  Scriptures 
into  the  language  of  the  people  to  whom  he  gave  his  life. 

The  Committee  of  the  British  and  Foreign  Bible  Society  earnestly 
pray  that  God's  richest  blessing  may  rest  upon  the  American  Baptist 
Foreign  Mission  Society  in  the  new  century  which  it  is  entering,  endow- 
ing it  with  all  wisdom  and  grace,  raising  up  within  its  ranks  a  succes- 
sion of  men  full  of  the  Holy  Ghost  and  of  power,  and  making  its  labors 
fruitful  in  the  great  mission  field  so  bright  with  the  promise  of  harvest. 

Arthur  Taylor, 
John  H.  Ritson, 
Secretaries. 

From   the  Presbyterian   Board 

To  the  President  and  Officers  of  the  American  Baptist  Foreign  Mission 
Society: 

Dear  Friends  :  With  warm  brotherly  regard  the  Board  of  Foreign 
Missions  of  the  Presbyterian  Church  in  the  United  States  of  America 
congratulates  the  Baptist  Foreign  Mission  Society  on  this  occasion  of 
the  Centennial  Anniversary  of  its  founding  and  of  the  beginning  of 
Adoniram  Judson's  great  missionary  career.  In  common  with  all  the 
churches  of  Christ  throughout  the  world,  the  church  which  we  represent 

264 


The  Judson  Centennial 


rejoices  with  you  in  gratitude  and  praise  for  all  that  God  has  wrought 
through  your  missions,  and  for  the  men  and  women  whom  it  has  been 
your  privilege  to  send  forth.  The  character  and  the  work  of  Judson. 
of  Doctor  and  Mrs.  Mason,  of  Clough  and  Ashmore  and  Richards,  have 
been  inspiration  and  guidance  to  the  missionary  spirits  of  all  com- 
munions, while  the  lessons  of  the  Karen  and  Bassein  and  Telugu  mis- 
sions have  been  studied  and  laid  to  heart  by  all  who  in  other  lands  have 
sought  in  God's  strength  to  do  mighty  works  and  to  build  up  churches 
of  a  living  faith  in  a  living  service.  You  look  back  over  a  wonderful 
century,  and  in  your  joy  all  Christians  rejoice  with  you  as  you  number 
the  mercies  of  God  and  give  thanks  to  him  for  his  great  goodness. 

Not  only  does  the  Presbyterian  Board  share  in  this  general  con- 
gratulation of  all  Christian  people  in  your  centennial  hour,  but  we 
desire  to  express  the  peculiar  satisfaction  of  our  Board  at  the  thought 
of  the  bonds  which  have  for  many  years  in  unusual  ways  united  your 
work  and  ours.  You  and  we  have  represented  the  two  American 
churches  which  have  been  called  to  share  the  evangelization  of  the 
Siamese  people.  If  the  work  for  the  Siamese  has  been  for  many  years 
under  our  care,  we  are  happy  to  remember  that  the  first  work  for  them 
was  done  by  Ann  Hasseltine  Judson,  who  became  interested  in  some  of  the 
Siamese  Hving  in  Rangoon,  and  translated  into  their  language  the  Burman 
catechism  of  Doctor  Judson,  a  tract  containing  an  abstract  of  Christianity, 
and  the  Gospel  of  Matthew.  Although  the  work  among  the  Siamese  has 
passed  entirely  into  our  care,  we  are  glad  to  recall  that  your  missionaries 
for  the  Chinese  in  Bangkok  worked  side  by  side  with  our  missionaries  to 
the  Siamese  for  a  good  part  of  the  century,  and  that  the  first  church 
of  Protestant  Chinese  Christians  ever  gathered  in  the  East  was  organ- 
ized by  Doctor  Dean,  of  your  mission  in  Bangkok,  in  1837,  the  year 
in  which  our  Board  was  established  and  began  its  work.  Side  by  side 
also  your  missionaries  and  ours  founded  in  brotherly  accord  the  great 
work  in  Ningpo,  as  soon  as  the  treaty  of  peace  after  the  war  opened 
the  city  to  foreign  residence.  Daniel  MacGowan  of  your  Board  and 
Matthew  Culbertson  of  ours,  both  American  soldiers  and  soldiers  of 
the  Cross,  came  to  Ningpo  together  in  1845.  The  spirit  of  those  early 
days  on  the  mission  field  has  prevailed  in  all  our  relations  through  the 
years  at  home  in  the  happy  fellowships  which  we  commemorate  with 
Doctor  Warren,  Doctor  Murdock,  Doctor  Duncan,  and  the  secretaries 
who  have  succeeded  them,  while  on  the  field  abroad  we  rejoice  to-day 
in  our  united  work  in  institutions  like  the  Iloilo  Hospital  in  the  Philip- 
pines, the  Taisho  Gakuin  in  Japan,  and  the  University  of  Nanking  in 
China.  May  this  good  will  and  mutual  accord  which  has  blessed  the 
generations  past  be  the  spirit  of  the  years  to  come ! 

And  to-day  we  especially  commemorate  with  you  the  memory  of  the 
great  missionary  with  whom  your  foreign  mission  began.  We  delight 
to  recall  the  incident  which  Dr.  Edward  Judson,  beloved  and  honored 
by  us  all,  relates  in  the  biography  of  his  honored  and  beloved  father. 
It  was  at  Saratoga,  in  May,  1880.  "  The  General  Assembly  of  the  Pres- 
byterian Church,"  says  Doctor  Judson,  "  was  in  session.  Doctor  Jessup. 
an  eminent  missionary  in  Syria,  then  on  a  visit  to  this  country,  had 
been  elected  moderator.     When  the  session  of  the  Assembly  had  ended, 

265 


The  Judson  Centennial 


he  entered  the  Convention  which  the  Baptists  were  then  holding  also 
in  Saratoga.  As  an  honored  guest,  he  was  invited  to  speak.  There  was 
a  breathless  silence  through  the  house  as  the  veteran  missionary  arose, 
and  with  inspiring  words  urged  the  prosecution  of  the  missionary  enter- 
prise. He  closed  by  saying  that  when  he  should  arrive  in  heaven,  the 
first  person  whose  hands  he  desired  to  grasp  next  to  the  apostle  Paul 
would  be  Adoniram  Judson."  Those  hands  have  been  clasped  now  four 
years,  and  in  such  brotherly  unity  we  rejoice  to  believe  your  ever- 
expanding  work  and  ours  will  go  forward  toward  the  consummation  for 
which  Adoniram  Judson  wrought  with  all  his  mighty  powers,  and  then 
bequeathed  as  life's  great  purpose  to  the  noble  company  of  men  and 
women  who  followed  him,  taking  their  heavenly  commission  from  the 
same  divine  hands  which  gave  him  his,  and  their  earthly  summons  from 
your  honored  Board,  that  they  might  follow,  him  as  he  followed  Christ 
to  win  the  nations  to  the  exalted  and  only  Name. 
In  behalf  of  the  Presbyterian  Board  of  Foreign  Missions, 

Very  faithfully  yours, 

George  Alexander,  President. 

From  the  Methodist  Episcopal  Foreign   Board 

To  the  Secretaries  of  the  American  Baptist  Foreign  Society: 

Honored  and  Beloved  Brethren  :  At  the  request  of  the  Managers  of 
the  Board  of  Foreign  Missions  of  the  Methodist  Episcopal  Church,  I 
send  their  greetings  and  heartiest  congratulations  to  the  American  Bap- 
tist Foreign  Missionary  Society  on  the  completion  of  the  first  one  hun- 
dred years  of  your  corporate  life. 

When  in  the  years  1812,  1813,  by  a  strange  chain  of  Providences, 
Adoniram  Judson  and  his  incomparable  wife,  Ann  Hasseltine  Judson,  and 
Luther  Rice,  missionaries  of  the  American  Board  on  their  way  to  India, 
believed  they  found  that  the  Scriptures  taught  immersion  alone  as  the 
true  method  of  baptism  and  courageously  proclaimed  their  convictions, 
it  resulted  in  the  formation  of  the  Baptist  Missionary  Society  as  soon 
as  these  facts  became  known  at  home. 

From  this  unique  beginning  there  came  into  the  service  of  God  and 
humanity  one  of  the  greatest  and  most  successful  Foreign  Mission- 
ary Societies  of  our  day. 

The  organization  gave  the  Baptists  of  America  both  a  rallying  center  at 
home  and  a  source  of  inspiration  for  enlarged  efforts  to  extend  the  borders 
of  Christ's  kingdom  in  all  lands.  The  whole  story  of  the  hundred  years  is 
at  once  a  romance  of  history  and  a  standing  witness  to  the  faithfulness 
and  zeal  of  the  Baptist  churches,  and  to  the  devotion  and  capacity  of  the 
men  and  women  who  have  gone  under  the  call  of  God  and  at  the  bidding 
of  the  church  to  preach  the  gospel  in  distant  lands. 

The  primary  object  of  any  missionary  occupation  of  a  land  is  to  carry 
out  the  program  of  Christ  to  "  disciple  all  nations  and  to  teach  them  all 
things  whatsoever  I  have  taught  you."     Early  beginnings,  evangelization, 

266 


The  Judson  Centennial 


Christianization,  are  the  progressive  steps  of  this  beneficent  invasion. 
Beginning  formally  in  1814,  the  second  step  in  the  program  in  Burma 
you  have  largely  undertaken  and  in  unusual  measure  have  accomplished. 
The  two  missionaries  of  that  early  day  are  now  an  army  of  697,  and 
the  one  convert  won  after  six  long  years  of  the  Judsons'  personal 
ministry  is  now  succeeded  by  a  multitude  of  Burmese  and  Karen,  Indian, 
Chinese,  and  African  Christians,  numbering  over  300,000. 

Much,  very  much,  remains  to  be  done  for  the  nearly  ten  millions  in 
Burma  who  depend  more  upon  you  than  upon  any  or  all  others  for 
the  gospel  which  brings  life  and  health  to  all  the  willing  and  obedient 
of  earth,  and  much  also  remains  to  be  done  for  the  many  millions  in  your 
other  fields. 

Most  notable  of  your  successes,  however,  is  the  degree  of  Christianiza- 
tion that  already  appears  in  your  churches  in  Burma.  When  a  community 
so  intelligently  apprehends  the  gospel  teaching  and  so  genuinely  follows 
the  light,  that  it  ceases  to  be  dependent  upon  resources,  whether  of  men 
or  of  money,  from  the  outside :  and  when  its  life  ministered  to  by  its 
own  leaders  and  supported  by  its  own  means  rises  to  adequate  moral 
and  spiritual  levels,  and  is  of  such  vigor  and  wholesomeness  as  to  seek 
the  cleansing  of  the  social  order  and  the  establishment  of  Christian 
ideals  through  all  the  areas  of  society,  it  may  well  be  said  that  not  only 
evangelization  but  Christianization  has  been  eflfected.  This  your  records 
in  Burma  show  you  have  succeeded  in  doing  to  a  degree  that  excites 
our  admiration,  commands  our  respect,  and  forces  our  careful  study 
and  emulation.  Of  1,039  churches,  768  are  already  wholly  self-supporting. 
The  care  of  the  diseased  and  the  unfortunate,  which  in  pagan  lands  is 
so  casually  provided,  is  with  the  Baptist  churches  of  Burma  so  care- 
fully and  well  done  as  to  draw  forth  heartiest  commendation  from  all 
who  know  the  facts. 

But,  above  all,  you  have  planned  most  wisely  and  effectively  for  the 
education  of  your  Christian  youth.  The  church  of  to-morrow  must  in 
large  measure  depend  upon  the  schools  of  to-day;  and  in  a  land  where 
schools  to  be  morally  efficient  must  be  Christian  you  have  created  an 
entire  school  system  from  the  kindergarten  to  the  Christian  college,  in 
which  thousands  are  receiving  such  education  and  Christian  culture  as 
must  tell  with  great  effect  upon  the  future  life  of  the  people. 

In  all  this  great  program,  laboriously  but  intelligently  and  victoriously 
carried  out,  you  could  not  have  succeeded  without  much  prayer  and 
devotion   and  the   abundant  blessing  of   Almighty  God. 

And  now,  as  you  come  to  this  auspicious  centennial  and  take  note  of 
all  the  way  by  which  you  have  been  led,  and  of  the  achievements  which 
you  scarcely  noted  as  they  were  accomplished  one  by  one,  but  which 
reviewed  in  the  mass  are  truly  wonderful,  your  hearts  doubtless  swell 
with  gratitude  and  adoration  as  you  cry,  "  What  hath  God  wrought ! " 

Nor  has  even  the  attractiveness  and  the  splendor  of  your  Burma  field 
held  all  your  thought  and  missionary  effort.  Great  and  fruitful  missions 
in  Assam,  South  India,  Bengal-Orissa,  Southern,  Eastern.  Western,  and 
Central  China,  Japan,  Congo.  Africa,  and  Philippine  Islands  have  also 
been    undertaken,    and    while    Burma    perhaps    legitimately    retains    its 

267 


The  Judson  Centennial 


primacy  in  your  thought  and  affections,  the  same  wisdom  of  men  and 
blessing  of  God  characterize  all  these  later  efforts. 

For  all  this  marvelous  record  we  join  with  our  Baptist  fellow  Christians 
in  ascribing  to  God  adoration  and  gratitude.  That  he  has  enabled 
you  thus  to  go  from  strength  to  strength,  and  has  brought  you  in  a 
single  century  not  only  to  the  successes  already  achieved,  but  to  the 
greater  possibilities  of  service  that  now  lie  before  you,  affords  your 
Methodist   friends  the  utmost  gratification  and  cause   for  rejoicing. 

That   your   pathway   of    service    may    enlarge    and    your    course    shine 

more  and  more  with  the  luster  of  God's  manifested  presence,  and  that 

with  the  cooperation  of  all  who  are  called  by  the  sacred  name  you  may 

soon  bring  in  that  great  day   of   the   Lord   when  all   flesh   shall  know 

him,  is  the  prayer  and  expectation  of  your  Methodist  fellow  servants  in 

Jesus  Christ.  ,xt    -c    r\ 

W.  F.  Oldham. 


From  the  Protestant  Episcopal  Church 

The  Domestic  and  Foreign  Missionary  Society  of  the  Protestant 
Episcopal  Church  in  the  United  States  of  America  representing,  as  it 
does,  the  organized  missionary  work  of  that  church,'  brings  to  the 
American  Baptist  Foreign  Mission  Society  upon  the  celebration  of  the 
centennial  of  its  foundation — greeting. 

The  Domestic  and  Foreign  Missionary  Society  recalls  with  gratitude 
the  noble  life  and  heroic  devotion  of  the  great  missionary,  Adoniram 
Judson,  who  not  only  blazed  the  path  for  thousands  of  soldiers  of  Christ 
to  follow,  but  also  in  Christ's  name  gave  them  inspiration  to  serve  and 
die  for  their  brethren. 

The  members  of  the  church  whom  I  represent  here,  and  especially 
the  missionaries  thereof,  live  the  happier  and  work  the  stronger  because 
Adoniram  Judson  and  his  fellows  stood  fast  in  the  Lord. 

The  Society  offers  its  hearty  congratulations  to  the  American  Baptist 
Foreign  Mission  Society  upon  its  hundred  years  of  great  service  in 
missions,  and  joins  with  all  the  churches  in  prayer  to  God  that  its 
work  may  abound  more  and  more. 

William  Lawrence,  Bishop  of  Massachusetts. 
Representing    the    Domestic    and   Foreign    Missionary    Society. 


From  the  Foreign  Department,  International  Committee 
Young  Men's  Christian  Associations 

To  the  American  Baptist  Foreign  Mission  Society,  Greeting: 

The  Foreign  Department  of  the  International  Committee  of  Young 
Men's  Christian  Associations  extends  through  us  to  the  American  Baptist 
Foreign  Mission  Society  the  warmest  congratulations  and  heartiest  good 
wishes  as  you  celebrate  the  completion  of  one  hundred  years  of  truly 
notable  missionary  endeavor. 

268 


The  Judson  Centennial 


Your  many  years  of  self-sacrificing  devotion  and  remarkably  suc- 
cessful work  have  been  an  inspiration  to  us,  one  of  the  youngest  organ- 
izations at  work  in  the  mission  field,  and  we  are  led  to  pray  that  should 
we  be  spared  to  complete  one  hundred  years  of  service  we  may  be  able 
to  look  back  upon  a  record  as  fair  as  yours,  and  with  tlie  same  sense 
of  rejoicing  as  fills  your  hearts  to-day. 

We  join  with  your  many  friends  in  praying  that  the  blessing  of 
Almighty  God,  Father,.  Son,  and  Holy  Spirit  may  rest  upon  you  in 
the  days  to  come,  and  may  lead  j'ou  unto  still  more  fruitful  service. 

In  the  bonds  of  Jesus  Christ, 

Wm.  D.   Murray,  Chairman, 
John  R.  Mott,  General  Secretary. 

From   the    Student   Volunteer   Movement 
To  the  American  Baptist  Foreign  Mission  Society,  Greeting: 

The  Executive  Committee  of  the  Student  Volunteer  Movement  for 
Foreign  Missions,  on  behalf  of  all  Student  Volunteers — those  who  have 
gone  out  to  the  mission  field,  and  those  who  have  not  yet  been  able  to 
go  abroad — extends  heartiest  congratulations  to  the  American  Baptist 
Foreign  Mission  Society  on  the  occasion  of  the  Judson  Centennial  Cele- 
bration, which  marks  the  completion  of  one  hundred  years  of  suc- 
cessful missionary  endeavor  in  the  extension  of  God's  kingdom  among 
the  nations. 

Of  especial  interest  to  all  Student  Volunteers  is  the  part  which 
Adoniram  Judson  had  in  founding  your  Society;  for,  as  a  member  of 
the  Brethren  Society,  formed  "  not  for  the  purpose  of  sending  others,  but 
of  going,"  Judson  belonged  to  the  first  group  of  students  who  were 
volunteers  for  foreign  missions. 

We  give  thanks  to  God  for  his  manifold  blessings  on  the  work  of 
your  great  Society  during  the  past  one  hundred  years,  and  we  pray 
that  there  may  be,  during  the  years  to  come,  an  even  greater  manifestation 
of  his  favor  upon  your  efforts  to  extend  his  kingdom  to  the  ends  of 
the  earth. 

On  behalf  of  the  Student  Volunteer  Movement  for  Foreign  Missions. 

John  R.  Mott,  Chairman, 

Fennell  p.  Turner,  General  Secretary. 

From  the  Foreign  Mission  Board  of  the  Southern 
Baptist  Convention 

To  the  American  Baptist  Foreign  Mission  Society: 

We  enter  with  fullest  sympathy  into  the  spirit  of  this  occasion,  and 
wish  to  convey  to  you  our  loving  greetings  and  hearty  congratulations. 

The  great  name  of  Adoniram  Judson  is  the  common  heritage  of  Amer- 
ican Baptists.  To  all  of  us,  he  gave  the  common  impulse  to  world-wide 
evangelization    which    has    solidified    and    vivified    the    Baptist    life    of 

269 


The  Judson  Centennial 


America.  His  ringing  call  in  1814  challenged  us  to  heroic  undertaking, 
and  his  glorious  example  of  self-sacrificing  service  provokes  us  to-day 
to  carry  forward  our  efforts  with  renewed  devotion. 

The  missionary  career  of  Adoniram  Judson  spans  practically  the  life 
of  the  Triennial  Convention,  which  was  supported  by  the  whole  Baptist 
Brotherhood  of  the  United  States.  Together,  in  the  North  and  the 
South,  we  loved  him  and  sustained  him.  His  name  was,  and  is,  a 
household  word  in  the  South  as  well  as  in  the  North.  Our  fathers 
were  made  missionary  by  personal  contact  with  him  and  by  reading  his 
biography,  while  "  The  Lives  of  the  Three  Mrs.  Judsons  "  has  done  more 
to  quicken  the  missionary  fervor  of  our  mothers  than  any  other  book. 

We  are  one  with  you  in  celebrating  the  Judson  Centennial.  In 
May,  1912,  we  launched  the  Judson  Centennial  Movement  for  Southern 
Baptists,  the  immediate  aim  of  which  was  to  raise  in  cash  and  pledges 
within  three  years  one  million,  two  hundred  and  fifty  thousand  dollars 
for  the  equipment  of  the  work  fostered  by  our  Board  in  foreign  lands. 
Two  hundred  and  fifty  thousand  dollars  of  this  sum  is  to  be  for  general 
building,  such  as  hospitals,  chapels,  etc. ;  two  hundred  thousand  dol- 
lars for  our  publication  work,  and  eight  hundred  thousand  dollars 
for  the  equipment  of  our  foreign  mission  schools.  This  money  is  to  be 
raised  in  addition  to  the  current  fund.  After  a  most  searching  survey 
of  our  work  abroad,  we  have  selected  one  hundred  and  thirty-six  objects 
upon  which  to  spend  the  Judson  Centennial  Fund. 

Two  years  have  passed,  and  we  were  able  to  report  at  our  recent 
Southern  Baptist  Convention  that  we  had  raised  $602,874.41  in  cash  and 
pledges.  We  have  one  year  in  which  to  complete  the  fund.  We  have 
every  reason  to  believe  that  we  shall  attain  the  goal  set  before  us.  We 
have  made  no  provision  for  failure.     We  are  planning  for  success. 

We  hope  we  shall  be  permitted  to  rejoice  together  over  the  full  realiza- 
tion of  the  plans  both  Boards  have  in  connection  with  the  Judson  Cen- 
tennial. Together  we  will  rejoice  over  our  ability  to  meet,  in  a  more 
adequate  way,  some  of  the  urgent  opportunities  which  hang  so  tremulously 
in  the  present  time. 

We  join  with  all  American  Baptists  in  the  prayer  that  the  next 
one  hundred  years  of  the  American  Baptist  Foreign  Mission  Society 
shall  be  far  more  fruitful  even  than  the  illustrious  century  of  its 
achievements  which  we  celebrate  to-day. 

In  behalf  of  the  Board, 

T.  B.  Ray. 


From  the  American  Baptist  Home  Mission  Society 

Through  its  Board  of  Managers,  the  American  Baptist  Home  Mis- 
sion Society  extends  Christian  greetings  to  the  American  Baptist  Foreign 
Mission  Society  on  the  occasion  of  the  One  Hundredth  Anniversary 
of  its  organization. 

The  growing  work  of  our  beloved  Foreign  Mission  Society  has  been 
deeply  blessed  by  the  Lord,  and  the  visions  of  its  devoted  laborers 
have  constantly  inspired  the   missionaries   in  the  homeland  to  establish 


270 


The  Judson  Centennial 


Christian    churches    that   have   been    an   ever-enlarging   base   of    supplies 
for  our  honored  and  beloved  brethren  in  foreign  countries. 

May  the  remarkable  fruitage  of  the  century  be  prophetic  of  the 
larger  harvests  yet  to  be  gathered  in  the  nations  among  which  many 
faithful  missionaries  shall  plant  their  lives  as  the  seed  of  the  kingdom 

H.  L,  Morehouse,  Corresponding  Secretary, 
D.  G.  Garabrant, 

Chairman,  Board  of  Managers, 
Charles  L.  White, 

Recording  Secretary,  Board  of  Managers. 

From  the  American   Baptist   Publication   Society 
To  the  American  Baptist  Foreign  Mission  Society,  Greetings: 

At  a  regular  meeting  of  the  Board  of  Managers  of  the  American 
Baptist  Publication  Society,  held  April  i6,  1914,  the  undersigned  was 
appointed  its  representative  to  convey  fraternal  greetings  to  the  American 
Baptist  Foreign  Mission  Society  at  its  Judson  Centennial,  held  in  Treniont 
Temple,  in  the  city  of  Boston.  June  24  and  25,  1914. 

The  American  Baptist  Publication  Society  most  sincerely  and  heartily 
congratulates  the  American  Baptist  Foreign  Mission  Society  on  the 
completion  of  one  hundred  years  of  splendid  history  and  achievement.  Its 
ever-growing  work  in  foreign  lands,  and  the  wonderful  results  which, 
by  the  blessing  of  Almighty  God,  have  been  secured  through  that  work, 
afford  abundant  reason  for  joy  and  gratitude,  not  only  to  our  own 
denomination,  but  to  the  entire  Christian  world.  The  one  hundred 
years  of  service  of  the  American  Baptist  Foreign  Mission  Society, 
seconded  as  this  service  has  been  by  the  heroic  and  self-sacrificing  lives 
and  labors  of  its  missionaries,  already  have  and  will  continue  to  have 
an  immeasurable  influence  in  bringing  the  whole  world  to  Christ.  We 
rejoice  in  what  has  been  accomplished,  and  pray  that  the  future  may 
witness  still  greater  enlargement  and  triumphs  for  the  furtherance  of 
the  gospel  and  the  extension  of  our  Lord's  kingdom  upon  the  earth. 

The  American  Baptist  Publication  Society  begs  also  to  say  that,  from 
the  beginning  of  its  history,  it  has  felt  it  a  privilege  to  cooperate  in 
every  possible  way  with  the  American  Baptist  Foreign  Mission  Society. 
The  American  Baptist  Publication  Society  doubtless  owes  its  origin  to 
the  denominational  and  missionary  spirit,  evoked  and  fostered  by  the 
formation  of  the  American  Baptist  Foreign  Mission  Society.  Some  of 
the  men  concerned  in  the  creation  of  the  American  Baptist  Foreign 
Mission  Society  were  also  engaged  in  the  origination  of  the  American 
Baptist  Publication  Society  ten  years  later.  On  some  fields  both  organ- 
izations are  still  linked  together  in  Bible  and  colporter  work  in  foreign 
lands.  With  special  and  peculiar  interest,  therefore,  we  greet  our  older 
sister,  and  offer  her  our  congratulations  on  the  completion  of  the  first 
one  hundred  years  of  her  divinely  begun  and  divinely  directed  career. 
In  the  future,  as  in  the  past,  we  pledge  the  American  Baptist  Foreign 
Mission  Society  our  heartiest  sympathy  and  cooperation. 

A.  J.  Rowland,  Secretary  and  Acting  Treasurer. 

271 


The  Judson  Centennial 


From  the  Baptist  Mission  in  Denmark 
Greetings  to  the  Judson  Centennial  Celebration: 

Dear  Brethren  :  It  is  with  grateful  hearts  that  we  send  our  fraternal 
greetings  to  your  honorable  Society  at  its  Judson  Centennial  Celebration. 
We  rejoice  with  you,  in  these  days  of  great  missionary  enterprise,  that 
one  hundred  years  ago  it  pleased  God  to  give  to  the  American  Baptists 
the  great  missionary  apostle,  Adoniram  Judson,  and  his  fellow  workers, 
and  to  use  him  as  his  instrument  in  the  founding  of  the  American  Baptist 
Foreign  Mission  Society.  We  recall  with  deep  thankfulness  the  names 
of  the  Baptist  missionary  heroes  and  heroines  who  "  ready  for  either " 
have  gone  out  to  heathen  lands  with  the  gospel  of  salvation,  and  the 
blessings  that  until  this  day  have  attended  the  work  of  your  Society 
for  the  extension  of  the  kingdom  of  God.  And  with  no  less  thankful- 
ness do  we  think  of  our  own  connection  with  the  American  Baptist 
Foreign  Mission  Society.  Since  1887  our  committee  has  been  honored 
with  the  trust  of  distributing  many  thousands  of  dollars  to  ministers 
who  otherwise  would  have  been  unable  to  give  their  time  to  preaching 
and  evangelizing.  This  support  encouraged  our  churches  and  stimulated 
them  to  better  giving  and  to  new  activity,  and  a  period  of  growth  and 
progress  followed.  We  recall,  also,  how,  through  your  honorable 
Society,  we  have  been  enabled  to  have  a  share  in  the  work  in  the  Congo, 
where  the  Danish  missionaries — ^August  Broholm,  Chr.  Nelson,  and  P. 
Fredrickson — have  worked  under  its  auspices.  And  now,  at  this  day 
of  Centennial  Celebration,  we  pray  with  you  that  our  God  and  Saviour 
who,  through  a  century  of  missionary  endeavor,  so  signally  has  blessed 
the  American  Baptist  Foreign  Mission  Society,  also  in  years  to  come 
may  extend  to  it  his  richest  blessings,  and  use  it  abundantly  in  the  great 
work  of  bringing  all  the  nations  of  the  earth  to  the  cross  of  Christ. 

On  behalf  of  the  Baptist  Mission  Committee  in  Denmark, 

P,  A.  Holm,  Chairman, 
Peter  Olsen,  Corresponding  Secretary. 


IV 

CENTENNIAL  PRAYER-MEETING 

An  inspiring  feature  of  the  centennial  celebrations  was  the  holding 
of  simultaneous  prayer-meetings  in  Boston  and  Rangoon  on  Wed- 
nesday, December  10,  during  the  celebration  in  Burma.  The  fact 
that  there  is  a  difference  in  time  of  eleven  and  one-half  hours  be- 
tween Boston  and  Rangoon  was  considered,  so  that  while  the  Boston 
meeting  was  held  between  nine  and  ten  o'clock  Wednesday  morning, 
the  meeting  at  Rangoon  took  place  from  eight-thirty  to  nine-thirty 
Wednesday  evening.     Many  who  were  unable  to  attend  the  Boston 

272 


The  Judson  Centennial 


meeting  united  in  prayer  at  their  homes  at  the  same  time,  the  hour 
being  arranged  to  allow  for  the  difference  between  the  time  belts  of 
the  United  States. 

The  Boston  meeting,  which  was  held  in  Kingsley  Hall  in  the  Ford 
Building,  was  one  of  great  inspiration,  far  exceeding  in  spiritual 
fervor  and  earnestness  the  hopes  of  the  Board  of  Managers  who  had 
arranged  for  the  meeting.  The  public  was  invited  to  attend,  and 
nearly  two  hundred  people  were  present  from  Boston  and  vicinity. 
General  Secretary  Emory  W.  Hunt  was  in  charge,  and  after  the 
opening  hymn  spoke  briefly  on  the  significance  of  the  occasion  and  the 
importance  of  the  centennial  of  the  organization  of  the  Society 
in  the  further  development  of  the  missionary  work  of  the  Baptist 
denomination.  The  remainder  of  the  time  was  given  over  entirely 
to  prayer,  in  which  was  manifested  rejoicing  and  gratitude  for  the 
divine  blessings  which  have  attended  the  Society's  work  during  its 
first  century,  and  the  desire  that  God  would  lead  his  people  into  still 
larger  endeavor  for  the  extension  of  his  kingdom. 


V 
HONORING  A  FOUNDER 

On  the  last  day  of  the  Convention  a  brief  memorial  service  was 
held  at  the  grave  of  Dr.  Thomas  Baldwin,  founder  of  the 
Foreign  Mission  Society,  in  the  old  Granary  Burying-ground  nearly 
opposite  Tremont  Temple.  A  wreath  was  placed  upon  the  grave, 
and  while  the  company  gathered  at  the  sacred  spot  bowed  their  heads, 
Rev.  Arthur  C.  Baldwin,  Foreign  Secretary  of  the  Society,  offered 
prayer. 

In  1 812  Dr.  Thomas  Baldwin  was  pastor  of  the  Second  Baptist 
Church  of  Boston,  and  was  also  editor  of  the  Baptist  Missionary 
Magazine.  To  him  Adoniram  Judson  wrote  the  letter  telling  of  his 
change  of  views — the  letter  that  was  a  challenge  to  American  Bap- 
tists. At  about  the  same  time  Judson  also  wrote  a  similar  letter  to 
Dr.  Lucius  Bolles,  pastor  of  the  Salem  Baptist  Church.  As  a  result 
of  these  communications  a  few  Baptists  of  Boston  and  vicinity  were 
called  together  at  the  house  of  Doctor  Baldwin,  and  there  they  formed 
the  Society  for  the  Propagation  of  the  Gospel  in  Foreign  Parts. 
This  society  assumed  the  support  of  the  Judsons. 

At  about  that  time  Luther  Rice  set  the  churches  of  the  country  on 
fire  with  his  stirring  addresses.    In  response  to  his  appeal,  and  under 

273 


The  Judson  Centennial 


the  influence  of  the  Society  already  formed  in  Boston,  on  May  i8, 
1814,  in  the  First  Baptist  Church  of  Philadelphia,  thirty-three  dele- 
gates gathered  from  eleven  of  the  eighteen  States  of  the  Union,  and 
there,  three  days  later,  on  May  21,  1814,  organized  the  General  Con- 
vention of  the  Baptists  of  the  United  States  for  Foreign  Missions. 
Owing  to  the  fact  that  both  Doctor  Baldwin  and  Doctor  BoUes  received 
letters  from  Judson,  there  has  been  some  doubt  as  to  which  of  the 
two  men  was  the  actual  founder  of  the  Foreign  Mission  Society;  but 
since  the  society  in  Boston  was  organized  at  the  home  of  Doctor 
Baldwin,  and  since  his  name  appears  first  on  the  list  of  delegates  to 
Philadelphia,  he  is  generally  regarded  as  the  founder.  At  all  events, 
he  was  elected  the  first  secretary  of  the  society  formed  at  Phila- 
delphia, and  Dr.  Richard  Furman,  of  Charleston,  S.  C,  was  elected 
president.  In  1845  the  name  of  the  organization  was  changed  to  the 
"  American  Baptist  Missionary  Union,"  and  in  1910,  to  "  American 
Baptist  Foreign  Mission  Society." 


VI 

THE  BURMA  CENTENNIAL  VOLUME 

After  the  Judson  Centennial  had  been  appropriately  celebrated  in 
Burma  (an  account  of  which  is  published  on  page  291),  the  American 
Baptist  Mission  Press  at  Rangoon  published  a  neat  volume  of  176 
pages,  containing  a  complete  account  of  the  celebrations.  In  make-up 
the  book  is  of  considerable  interest.  The  paper  for  the  inside  pages 
was  imported  especially  from  London,  and  the  cover  paper  was  made 
by  hand  of  wild-mulberry  bark  by  the  Shans  in  the  hill-country  of 
Burma. 

The  book  gives  a  complete  record  of  the  exercises  as  they  occurred, 
with  many  of  the  addresses  reproduced  in  full.  In  addition,  it  con- 
tains the  greetings  from  the  Board  of  Managers  and  from  the  Ameri- 
can Board,  the  resolutions  adopted  by  the  European  Baptist  Con- 
gress in  Stockholm,  and  the  reports  from  all  the  stations  visited  by 
the  delegates.  Another  valuable  feature  of  the  book  is  the  series  of 
reminiscences  of  those  now  living  who  knew  Doctor  Judson — stories 
which  can  be  found  nowhere  else.  These  reminiscences  furnished 
one  of  the  most  interesting  contributions  to  the  program. 

Seven  excellent  illustrations  appear  in  the  front  of  the  book,  in- 
cluding Rangoon  Baptist  College,  where  the  principal  exercises  were 

274 


The  Judson  Centennial 


held;  the  Baptist  Mission  Press,  where  the  book  was  published;  the 
chapel  built  on  the  site  of  Aungbinle  prison;  pictures  of  delegates  and 
of  Sir  Harvey  Adamson,  Lieutenant-governor  of  Burma,  with  Lady 
Adamson.  Another  feature  of  the  book  is  a  diagram  drawn  by  Mg 
Ba  Gyaw  of  Rangoon  College,  showing  the  increase  of  Baptist 
church-members  in  Burma  from  eighteen  in  1823  to  65,612  in  191 3. 
The  book  is  not  only  a  faithful  record  of  a  unique  historic  event,  but 
also  a  valuable  souvenir  of  the  land  where  the  great  Judson  did  his 
life-work. 


VII 
APPEAL  OF  THE  BAPTIST  VOLUNTEERS 

To  THE  Northern  Baptists  of  the  United  States:  We  Baptist 
Volunteers — men  and  women  who  are  now  completing  post-graduate 
courses  in  preparation  for  foreign  missionary  service — wish  to  put 
before  you  a  definite  proposition,  the  urgency  of  which  demands 
immediate  attention. 

Two  outstanding  facts  call  for  consideration :  First,  more  positions 
are  demanding  men  on  the  foreign  field  than  there  are  Volunteers 
ready  to  fill  them.  Second,  more  Volvinteers  are  ready  to  go  out 
than  our  Board  has  the  money  to  send. 

This  condition  is  due  to  two  things:  First,  we  Volunteers  have  not 
felt  sufficient  responsibility  for  raising  funds  for  the  missionary 
enterprise.  Second,  the  churches  have  not  been  aware  of  the  facts, 
and  therefore  have  not  provided  adequate  funds  to  send  even  the 
present  applicants. 

In  some  sections,  governments  are  willing  to  give  into  our  hands  a 
sum  equal  to  what  we  provide  for  certain  lines  of  educational  work ; 
everywhere  native  leaders  are  clearing  the  pathway  at  great  personal 
cost ;  whole  peoples  are  appealing  to  us  for  guidance  and  the  gospel. 
In  this  time  of  change  and  uncertainty,  thirty-five  families  are 
needed  at  once  and  a  like  number  next  year  to  maintain  work  already 
opened.  At  home,  a  number  of  us  whom  our  Board  considers  quali- 
fied to  fill  these  positions  are  being  held  back  from  our  life-work  or 
diverted  to  other  Boards  for  lack  of  funds.  To  what  extent  can  our 
Board  meet  this  situation  ?  It  can  send  out  but  twelve  men  this  year, 
and  possibly  fifteen  next. 

Our  faith  in  the  ability  and  readiness  of  our  denomination  to  rise 
to  this  emergency,  is  shown  by  the  fact  that  we  propose  to  continue 

s  275 


The  Judson  Centennial 


soliciting  additional  Volunteers;  and  we  have  definitely  committed 
ourselves  to  the  campaign  of  publicity  which  this  statement  inaugu- 
rates. 

HERE    IS    OUR    APPEAL 

The  Laymen  of  North  America,  at  the  Rochester  Student  Volun- 
teer Convention,  challenged  us  to  put  our  lives  alongside  of  their 
resources.  We  have  answered  their  challenge.  Baptists  of  the 
North — how  will  you  meet  this  crisis?  Join  hands  with  us  now  in  a 
pledge  before  God  that  we.  Laymen  and  Volunteers,  will  put  our 
resources  and  our  lives  into  this  breach. 

Executive  Committee, 
Baptist  Student  Volunteers  of  North  America 
March,  1914.  for  Foreign  Missions. 


VIII 

"AN  ADVENTURE  OF  FAITH:  A  DRAMA  OF  MISSIONARY 

PROGRESS." 

By  Rev.  Robert  Woods  Van  Kirk,  Chairman  of  the  Production 

Committee 

The  modern  missionary  movement  marks  a  new  epoch  in  the 
development  of  the  kingdom  of  God.  The  men  who  initiated  this 
movement  were  not  fully  aware  of  its  significance.  They  heard  the 
call  of  God,  as  they  believed,  and  entered  the  open  doors  to  the 
heathen  world  and  delivered  their  message.  They  prepared  the  soil, 
sowed  the  seed,  and  waited  for  the  harvest.  But  they  were  too  close 
to  the  movement  to  appreciate  its  real  meaning.  Not  even  those 
most  endowed  with  prophetic  vision  dreamed  of  the  magnitude  of  the 
work  a  hundred  years  hence.  They  did  not  realize  the  heroism  of 
their  own  deeds  as  they  went  forth  to  battle  with  heathenism. 

But  now,  after  the  lapse  of  a  century  of  missionary  effort,  we  are 
somewhat  prepared  to  estimate  the  meaning  of  the  enterprise  which 
those  heroes  of  the  faith  instituted  and  to  appraise  it  at  its  true  worth. 
The  history  of  the  world  is  presented  to  us  in  a  vast  drama  covering 
the  centuries  and  millenniums,  divided  into  various  acts  and  innumer- 
able scenes.  We  are  beginning  to  see  the  modern  missionary  move- 
ment as  one  of  these  great  acts  with  the  heathen  world  as  the 
stage  and  our  missionaries  as  the  actors.    As  we  discover  the  dramatic 

276 


The  Judson  Centennial 


significance  of  this  movement,  we  see  and  appreciate  its  meaning  as 
never  before. 

There  is  scarcely  a  period  of  the  world's  history  which  has  not 
been  reproduced  in  dramatic  form.  The  great  characters  of  both  the 
ancient  and  modern  world  have  been  made  to  relive  before  us  and 
to  impress  upon  us  the  significance  of  their  achievements. 

It  was  with  a  realization  of  the  dramatic  value  of  the  modern 
missionary  movement  that  Mrs.  Caroline  Atwater  Mason  undertook 
to  put  into  the  form  of  a  drama  the  story  of  the  origin  of  our  own 
Baptist  missionary  work  a  hundred  years  ago,  to  which  she  gave 
the  title  "  Jesus  Christ's  Men — A  Progress — 1810-1826."  There  are 
more  than  fifty  characters  in  the  drama,  besides  the  large  number 
representing  the  village  folk  and  the  chorus.  It  is  presented  in  five 
parts:  I.  The  Prologue.  11.  Colloquy  between  the  Spirit  of  Love  and 
the  Spirit  of  Evil.  III.  The  Apostles  to  the  East.  IV.  The  Apostles 
to  the  West.  V.  The  Finale.  The  principal  characters  are  the 
Spirit  of  Love,  the  Spirit  of  Evil,  Adoniram  Judson,  Luther  Rice, 
Ann  Hasseltine,  Harriet  Newell,  and  Miss  Fairly,  although  Doctors 
Worcester,  Spring,  and  others  who  organized  the  American  Board, 
and  Doctor  Bolles,  of  the  Baptist  Church  of  Salem,  have  significant 
parts. 

Some  of  the  leaders  in  our  missionary  organizations  believed  that 
this  drama  should  be  presented  in  connection  with  the  Northern 
Baptist  Convention  to  be  held  in  Boston  in  June.  They  felt  that  if 
the  great  missionary  cause  could  be  set  before  the  representatives  of 
the  entire  Baptist  constituency  of  the  North  in  this  manner,  it  would 
prove  of  great  inspirational  and  educational  value.  Accordingly  a 
committee  was  appointed  to  take  the  entire  matter  in  charge  and 
present  the  drama  at  the  time  of  the  Convention.  The  general  com- 
mittee went  at  their  work  with  enthusiasm,  appointing  subcommittees 
on  production,  costume,  stage  and  scenery,  music,  and  advertising. 

It  was  the  original  plan  to  present  the  drama  at  Ford  Hall,  but  it 
was  found  impossible  to  do  this  on  account  of  the  lack  of  stage 
facilities,  and  Jordan  Hall,  of  the  Boston  Conservatory  of  Music,  was 
engaged  as  the  most  available  place.  A  large  chorus  was  formed 
from  the  church  singers  of  Greater  Boston.  The  characters  for  the 
performance  were  selected  from  church  workers  from  the  same  sec- 
tion, care  being  taken  to  secure  only  Christian  people  who  would  be 
in  sympathy  with  the  religious  purpose  of  the  undertaking. 

"  An  Adventure  of  Faith :  A  Drama  of  Missionary  Progress  "  was 
chosen  as  an  appropriate  name  for  the  performance.    It  was  presented 


277 


The  Judson  Centennial 


ten  times  during  the  Convention,  and  was  attended  by  several  thou- 
sand people,  including  a  very  large  proportion  of  the  delegates  to 
the  Convention. 

Considering  the  fact  that  all  the  performers  were  amateurs,  the 
drama  was  given  with  brilliant  success.  An  appeal  was  made  to  the 
eye  and  ear  such  as  could  not  come  from  any  mere  reading  of  the 
story  of  missionary  achievement.  The  spectators  were  taken  back  a 
hundred  years  and  looked  upon  the  consecrated  men  and  women  who 
originated  the  missionary  movement  in  our  country,  and  heard  them 
speak.  They  were  carried  away  beyond  the  seas  and  beheld  the 
spectacle  of  the  Judsons  enduring  unspeakable  sufferings  in  the  name 
of  Christ.  The  old  story  of  missionary  endeavor  was  told  and  acted 
in  such  a  realistic  manner  as  to  give  an  entirely  new  conception  of 
its  true  significance,  and  hundreds  of  people  went  back  to  their 
homes  remembering  the  scenes  of  "  An  Adventure  of  Faith  "  as  the 
most  impressive  feature  of  the  entire  Convention. 


IX 

LECTURE  TOUR  OF  EDWARD  JUDSON 

Rev.  Edward  Judson,  D.  D.,  contributed  greatly  to  the  interest  of 
the  Centennial  in  America  through  a  series  of  lectures.  Early  in  the 
year  it  was  suggested  that  many  churches  would  be  eager  to  hear 
the  son  of  the  pioneer  Baptist  missionary.  Accordingly,  arrange- 
ments were  at  once  made  for  an  extended  itinerary,  and  Doctor 
Judson  traveled  through  New  York,  Pennsylvania,  New  Jersey,  Mary- 
land, Connecticut,  Maine,  and  Massachusetts,  addressing  large  audi- 
ences who  had  gathered  to  hear  him  speak  on  the  work  of  his  father. 
During  the  period  of  this  itinerary,  covering  three  months,  he  de- 
livered more  than  thirty-five  addresses,  and  everywhere  his  service 
was  of  great  inspirational  value. 

X 

THE  JUDSON  CENTENNIAL  TOURS 

The  Judson  Centennial  Tours  constituted  one  of  the  most  success- 
ful features  of  the  entire  Centennial.  On  August  26  a  party  of 
laymen,  women,  and  pastors  started  from  San  Francisco  on  an 
around-the-world  trip,  the  object  being  to  visit  the  mission  fields  of 

278 


The  Judson  Centennial 


the  Society  in  Japan,  East,  Central,  and  South  China,  the  Phihppines, 
Burma,  Assam,  Bengal-Orissa,  and  South  India.  A  second  party 
started  on  October  5  and  overtook  the  first  party  in  South  China. 
Twenty  persons  composed  the  parties  during  the  greater  portion  of 
the  tours,  at  times  the  number  being  augmented  to  over  thirty. 
Much  of  the  success  of  the  tours  was  due  to  the  skill  and  courtesy 
of  Rev.  James  V.  Latimer,  of  the  East  China  Mission,  who  acted  as 
conductor  throughout  the  entire  tours.  While  ashore  in  the  several 
mission  fields  the  parties  were  placed  under  the  guidance  of  ex- 
perienced missionaries,  who  were  able  to  show  at  first  hand  the  meth- 
ods, successes,  and  needs  of  missionary  work,  and  to  exhibit  the 
characteristic  features  in  their  sections  with  a  minimum  of  discom- 
fort and  expenditure  of  time  on  the  part  of  the  visitors.  Schools 
were  visited,  jungle  trips  were  taken  with  the  missionaries,  and  the 
work  was  seen  in  actual  operation.  The  deputation  was  present  at 
the  centennial  observance  in  Burma  and  took  an  important  part  in 
the  exercises  in  the  different  mission  stations. 


XI 
CENTENNIAL   BOOKS 

In  connection  with  the  Judson  Centennial  Educational  Campaign, 
five  new  books  were  published,  each  of  them  in  its  own  way  com- 
memorating the  work  of  Judson  and  the  missionary  achievements  of 
the  Society  during  the  first  century  of  its  history. 

Mrs.  Helen  Barrett  Montgomery,  the  new  president  of  the 
Woman's  American  Baptist  Foreign  Mission  Society,  wrote  a  mis- 
sion study  text-book,  entitled  "  Following  the  Sunrise."  Within  the 
space  of  250  pages  there  was  given  a  condensed  yet  complete  history 
of  Baptist  missionary  enterprise  in  non-Christian  lands.  Because  of 
its  popular  treatment,  its  interesting  character  and  entertaining  liter- 
ary style,  it  was  received  with  great  enthusiasm. 

Two  of  the  five  books  were  of  a  biographical  nature.  The  life  of 
Adoniram  Judson  was  made  the  basis  of  a  thrilling  story  written 
especially  for  boys  by  J.  Mervin  Hull,  a  popular  writer  of  boys' 
stories.  His  skilful  presentation  of  this  heroic  life  in  his  book,  en- 
titled "  Judson  the  Pioneer,"  fulfils  every  anticipation.  In  the  same 
way  Miss  Ethel  Daniels  Hubbard  took  as  the  heroine  of  her  book, 
"  Ann  of  Ava,"  the  first  wife  of  Adoniram  Judson,  and  her  biography 
was   the   basis   of   a   most    charming   and    entertaining   story.     The 

279 


The  Judson  Centennial 


unanimous  testimony  is  that  for  romance,  beautiful  heroism,  and 
self-sacrificing  devotion  nothing  can  equal  the  life-story  of  Ann  Has- 
seltine  Judson. 

The  remaining  two  books  were  of  an  entirely  different  character. 
One  of  them,  "  Jesus  Christ's  Men,"  written  by  Mrs.  Caroline  Atwater 
Mason,  was  a  missionary  drama,  in  which  the  foreign  mission  enter- 
prise as  inaugurated  by  the  Judsons  was  presented  in  ten  scenes,  and 
the  work  of  home  missions  in  six  scenes.  A  number  of  churches  have 
already  produced  parts  of  this  drama  in  entertainments,  and  the 
entire  foreign  mission  section  was  most  effectively  produced  in  Boston 
during  the  week  of  the  Northern  Baptist  Convention,  under  the  title, 
"  An  Adventure  of  Faith."  (See  special  account  of  this  on  page  276.) 
The  fifth  Centennial  book  contained  a  series  of  sketches  of  Judson 
and  his  early  associates  in  the  missionary  enterprise.  It  was  writ- 
ten in  a  most  interesting  style  by  Rev.  James  L.  Hill,  D.  D.,  and  is 
entitled  "  The  Immortal  Seven."  Biography,  history,  romance,  ad- 
venture— every  phase  in  the  lives  of  these  early  missionaries  figures 
prominently  in  this  volume. 

The  sale  and  circulation  of  these  books  exceeded  every  anticipa- 
tion. In  many  Baptist  homes  throughout  the  country  can  be  found 
one  or  more  copies,  and  during  the  educational  campaign  of  the  year 
thousands  of  young  people  entered  classes  where  the  books  were 
studied.  The  heroic  life  of  Judson  proved  to  be  a  strong  source  of 
inspiration  to  young  and  old. 


XII 

THE  JUDSON  CENTENNIAL  MEDAL 

Every  delegate  to  the  Northern  Baptist  Convention  was  appropri- 
ately decorated  with  a  badge,  part  of  which  was  a  souvenir  medal. 
This  medal  showed  the  portrait  of  Adoniram  Judson  on  one  side  and 
the  seal  of  the  American  Baptist  Foreign  Mission  Society  on  the 
other,  and  was  designed  as  an  educational  feature,  primarily  for 
Sunday-schools.  It  was  made  in  two  sizes  and  struck  in  bronze  and 
in  oxidized  silver.  Thousands  of  these  medals  in  the  form  of  watch- 
fobs  or  badges  were  sold  in  large  and  small  quantities,  and  great 
enthusiasm  was  developed  by  them  in  hundreds  of  churches  and 
Sunday-schools.  This  medal  proved  to  be  an  attractive  and  perma- 
nent souvenir,  not  only  of  a  great  missionary  centennial,  but  also  of  a 
great  man's  life. 

280 


The  Judson  Centennial 


XIII 

FOREIGN  MISSION  APPOINTEES 

american   baptist  foreign   mission   society 

sailing  in  fall  of  i914 
Godfrey  L.  Bergman. 

Home:  Chicago,  Illinois.  Church-membership :  Belden  Avenue  Baptist 
Church,  Chicago.  Education:  Lake  View  High  School,  Chicago ;  Shurtleff 
Academy;  Shurtleff  College,  A.  B.,  1910;  Colgate  University,  A.  B., 
1912;  Colgate  Theological  Seminary,  1914.  Taught  one  year,  Cairo,  Illinois, 
High  School.     Designation:   Burma. 

Mrs.  Marion  Brenchard  Bergman  :  Hamilton,  N.  Y.  Alton,  Illinois, 
High  School;  Monticello  Seminary;  Shurtleff  College;  Occidental  Col- 
lege, two  years;  Moody  Bible  Institute,  one  year.    Taught  one  year. 

Raymond  N.  Crawford. 

Home:  East  Orange,  New  Jersey.  Church-membership :  First  Baptist 
Church,  Bloomfield,  New  Jersey.  Education:  Newark,  New  Jersey,  High 
School;  Williams  College,  1910;  Rochester  Theological  Seminary,  1912; 
graduate  work,  University  of  Chicago.  Designation:  Rangoon  Baptist 
College. 

Ruth  Daniels. 

Home:  Onsted,  Michigan.  Church-membership :  Onsted  Baptist  Church. 
Education:  Tecumseh  High  School,  1907;  Hillsdale  College,  1912.  Taught 
Reading,   Michigan,    High    School.     Designation:    Bengal-Orissa. 

I.  Newton  Earle,  Jr. 

Home:  Picture  Rocks,  Pennsylvania.  Church-membership:  Baptist 
Church,  Lewisburg,  Pennsylvania.  Education:  Bucknell  University,  1910; 
University  of  Chicago;  Moody  Bible  Institute.  Taught  three  years  in 
public  schools;  one  year,  Bucknell  Academy;  three  years.  Leland  Univer- 
sity, president  one  year.    Designation:  Jaro  Industrial  School,  Philippines. 

Mrs.  Hannah  Glover  Earle:  Haddonfield,  New  Jersey.  High  School; 
Northfield  Bible  School;  Bucknell  University.  , 

Royal  H.  Fisher. 

Home:  Chicago,  Illinois.  Church-fnembership:  Park  ^venue  Baptist 
Church,  Rochester,  New  York.  Education:  Kalamazoo  College,  A.  B., 
1906;  University  of  Chicago,  A.'B.,  1906;  Rochester  Theological  Seminary, 
one  year;  Oberlin  Theological  Seminary,  B.  D.,  1913;  Divinity  School  of 
University  of  Chicago,  M.  A.,  1914.    Designation:  Japan. 

Mrs.  Josephine  Wray  Fisher:  Oakwood  Seminary;  Oberlin  College; 
Ogden  Hospital. 

Victor  Hanson. 

Home:  Aha,  Iowa.  Church-membership :  Danish  Baptist  Church,  Alta, 
Iowa.     Education:  Alta  High  School;  Buena  Vista  College,   1909;   Uni- 

281 


The  Judson  Centennial 


versity  of  Chicago,  Ph.  B.,  1913;  M.  A.,  1914.  One  year  principal  Linn 
Grove  Public  School;  two  years  superintendent  Sutherland,  Iowa,  public 
schools.     Designation:  Shanghai  Baptist  College,  East  China. 

Lucia  M.  Parks,  fiancee  of  Victor  Hanson :  Sutherland,  Iowa.  Suther- 
land High  School;  Cotner  University,  Lincoln,  Nebraska,  one  year. 

Mrs.  Ida  M.  Holder. 

Home:  Minnesota.  Church-membership:  Christian  Church,  Salem, 
Oregon.  Education:  St.  Louis  High  School;  Drake  University,  Des 
Moines,  1908.    Designation:  Bengal-Orissa. 

Archibald  D.  McGlashan. 

Home:  Fruita,  Colorado.  Church-membership :  Lake  Avenue  Baptist 
Church,  Rochester,  New  York.  Education:  Delta,  Colorado,  High  School ; 
William  Jewell  College,  1907;  Rochester  Theological  Seminary,  1913. 
Taught  two  years.  Grand  River  Academy,  Gallatin,  Missouri.  Designa- 
tion: South  China. 

Amorette  Porter. 

Home:  Pittsfield,  Maine.  Church-membership :  Pittsfield  Free  Baptist 
Church.  Education:  Maine  Central  Institute,  1905;  Bates  College,  1910. 
Taught  five  years.     Designation:  Bengal-Orissa. 

Walter  E.  Rodgers. 

Home:  Leominster,  Massachusetts.  Church-membership :  First  Baptist 
Church,  Leominster,  Massachusetts.  Education:  G.  M.  P.  Academy, 
South  Woodstock,  Vermont;  Gordon  Missionary  Training  School,  Bos- 
ton.   Taught  one  term.    Designation:  Congo. 

Mrs.  Elizabeth  Palmer  Rodgers  :  Hawkshaw,  New  Brunswick. 
Normal  School,  1912.     Taught  one  year. 

Archibald  G.  Adams. 

Home:  Massachusetts.  Church-membership:  First  Baptist  Church. 
Newton  Centre,  Massachusetts.  Education:  Newton  High  School,  1907; 
Denison  University,  191 1 ;  Newton  Theological  Institution,  1914.  Designa- 
tion: China. 

Mrs.  Olive  Mason  Adams  :  Newton  Centre.  Massachusetts.  Newton 
High  School;  Denison  University,  one  year;  Gordon  School. 

sailing  in  191 5  or  thereafter 

William  H.  Stallings. 

Home:  Alhambra,  Illinois.  Church-membership:  Baptist  Church,  Al- 
hambra,  Illinois.  Education:  Shurtleff  College,  1908;  Illinois  Univer- 
sity, A,  M.,  1911;  Colgate  Theological  Seminary,  1913;  Newton  Theo- 
logical Institution,  two  years ;  University  of  Chicago.  Designation  ; 
Assam. 

Clarence  E.  Van  Horn. 

Home:  Bradgate,  Iowa.  Church-membership:  First  Baptist  Church, 
Bradgate,  Iowa.     Education:   Des  Moines  College,   1908;   Colgate  Theo- 

282 


The  Judson  Centennial 


logical  Seminary,  1914.  Taught  two  years.  Designation:  Rangoon  Bap- 
tist College. 

Miss  Alice  M.  Owells,  fiancee  of  Clarence  E.  Van  Horn:  Sac  City, 
Iowa.    High  School;  Sac  City  Institute,  Music  Department,  three  years. 

Francis  P.  AIanley. 

Home:    .      Church-membership:    First    Baptist    Church,    Newton, 

Massachusetts.  Education:  Preparatory  work  at  Ottawa  University,  one 
year;  Morgan  Park  Academy,  1907;  College  work  at  Ottawa  University, 
six  months ;  McMinnville  College,  three  years ;  Newton  Theological  Insti- 
tution, 1915.    Designation:  . 

Edith  Arnold  Argo,  fiancee  of  Francis  P.  Manley:  Spokane,  Washing- 
ton. Spokane  High  School,  two  years ;  College  Normal,  McMinnville, 
Oregon,  two  and  two-thirds  years;  Gordon  Training  School,   1915. 

Herbert  C.  Long. 

Home:  Denver,  Colorado.  Church-membership :  Mount  Olivet  Baptist 
Church,  Denver.  Education:  William  Jewell  College,  A.  B..  1910;  Brown 
University,  A.  M.,  1912;  Newton  Theological  Institution,  1914.  Taught 
one  and  a  half  years.    Designation:  . 

Leslie  B.  Moss. 

Home:  Maiden,  Massachusetts.  Church-membership:  First  Baptist 
Church,  Maiden  Education:  Maiden  High  School;  Denison  University, 
1911;  Newton  Theological  Institution,  1915.    Desigtmtion:  . 

Marion  F.  Venn,  fiancee  of  Leslie  B.  Moss :  Maiden,  Massachusetts. 
Maiden  High  School,  1905. 

woman's   AMERICAN   BAPTIST  FOREIGN    MISSION   SOCIETY 

Harriet  C.  Bennett. 

Home:  Providence,  Rhode  Island.  Church-membership:  First  Baptist 
Church,  Providence.  Education:  Technical  High  School,  four  years; 
Brown  University,  four  years.    Taught  one  year.    Designation:  . 

Alice  C.  Bixby. 

Home:  Poultney,  Vermont.  Church-membership :  Baptist  Church.  Poult- 
ney,  Vermont.  Education:  Troy,  New  York,  Conference  Academy,  four 
years;  Syracuse  University  two  and  one-half  years;  one  year  in  London 
and  Berlin.    Taught  music  four  years.    Designation:  Japan. 

Omie  E.  Carter. 

Home:  Atlantic,  Massachusetts.  Church-membership:  First  Baptist 
Church,  Medford.  Massachusetts.  Education:  Public  schools;  .Xdams 
Nervine  Asylum  Training  School  for  nurses,  two  years;  Newton  Hospital 
Training  School  for  nurses,  four  months;  Massachusetts  Homeopathic 
Hospital  Training  School  for  nurses,  four  months.  Did  nursing  four 
years.     Designation:   Tura,  Assam. 

283 


The  Judson  Centennial 


Mabelle  R.  Culxey. 

Home:  Philadelphia,  Pennsylvania.  Church-membership :  Blockley  Bap- 
tist Church,  Philadelphia.  Education:  Philadelphia  High  School;  Phila- 
delphia Normal  School;  Temple  College  (evening  department),  two  years. 
Taught  sixteen  years.    Designation:  Svi^atow,  South  China. 

Ethel  M.  Smith. 

Home:  Maiden,  Massachusetts.  Church-membership:  First  Baptist 
Church,  Maiden.  Education:  Maiden  High  School,  four  years;  State 
Normal  School,  Salem,  four  years.  Taught  four  years.  Designa- 
tion:   . 

Florence  R.  Weaver,  M.  D. 

Home:  Philadelphia,  Pennsylvania.  Church-membership :  Chestnut 
Street  Baptist  Church,  Philadelphia.  Education:  Bridgeton  High  School, 
1903;  Temple  University  (evening  department),  tvvro  years;  Woman's 
Medical  College,  1911.    Designation:  South  India. 

XIV 
NEW   MISSIONARIES   SAILED 

Single  Single 

Men         Wives     Women     Total  Men         Wives     Women     Total 

1865 4419  1890 19  14  17  50 

1866 2215  1891 17  12  18  47 

1867 3328  1892 25  17  II  53 

i868 2215  1893 39  21  14  74 

1869 3317  1894 4  6  6  16 

1870 2     I    ..     3  189s 10  9  II  30 

1871 4     4     2    10  1896 6  7  7  20 

1872 3     2     5    10  1897 6  8  8  22 

1873 7     7     4    18  1898 7  6  10  23 

1874 6     4     5    15  1899 7  7  9  23 

187s 6     5     6    17  1900 8  7  9  24 

1876 3     3     4    10  1901 .16  II  ID  37 

1877 3     4     6    13  1902 IS  9  5  25 

1878 7     5     5  -   17  1903 13  12  12  37 

1879 9     8     6    23  1904 16  13  6  35 

1880 2147  1905 12  9  8  29 

1881 3     3     3     9  1906 18  14  12  44 

1882 10     8     2    20  1907 18  18  16  52 

1883 4     3     3    10  1908 II  9  II  31 

1884^ 23    10    12    45  1909 12  10  10  32 

1885 2158  1910 16  16  20  52 

1886 10     5     6    21  191 1* 18  20  26  64 

1887 13     7    12    32  1912 15  II  8  34 

1888 9     9    13    31  1913 14  II  II  36 

1889 17    II     9    37           —  —   

Totals.,  499  392  393  1448 

'^  Includes  16  men,  4  wives,  4  single  women — total  24 — transferred  from  Livingstone 
Mission. 

*  Includes  4  men,  4  wives,  7  single  women — total  i  s — transferred  from  Free  Baptist 
Mission. 

284 


The  Judson  Centennial 


XV 

THE    FOREIGN    SOCIETY'S    PERIODICAL 

When  the  Triennial  Convention  was  organized,  there  was  already 
in  existence  the  Massachusetts  Baptist  Missionary  Magazine,  which 
was  first  issued  in  September,  1803,  as  the  organ  of  the  Massachusetts 
Baptist  Missionary  Society.  For  a  time  this  excellent  periodical  was 
used  by  the  new  Foreign  Society  as  a  medium  of  publicity.  Its 
editor,  and  indeed  originator,  was  Dr.  Thomas  Baldwin,  who  is  justly 
honored  as  a  leading  promoter  of  missions.  From  the  time  of 
the  Judson  movement  he  made  it  a  foreign  missionary  periodical, 
and  even  before  that  time  it  had  chronicled  the  work  of  the  English 
missionaries,  Carey,  Marshman,  and  Ward.  In  1817  it  was  thought 
best  to  make  the  magazine  a  direct  instrument  of  the  Convention, 
and  its  name  was  changed  to  The  American  Baptist  Magazine  a)id 
Missionary  Intelligencer.  This  began  a  new  series,  issued  bi-monthly 
instead  of  four  or  five  times  a  year  as  previously.  In  1825  the  name 
was  shortened  to  The  American  Baptist  Magazine,  and  it  was  issued 
monthly  thereafter.  All  this  time  the  magazine  had  been  published 
under  the  auspices  of  the  Baptist  Missionary  Society  of  Massachu- 
setts. In  1827  the  publication  was  assumed  by  the  Board  of  Managers 
of  the  Baptist  General  Convention.  In  1836  its  name  was  changed 
to  Baptist  Missionary  Magazine,  thus  returning  to  the  original  name, 
with  the  word  "  Massachusetts  "  omitted.  In  this  year  also  it  became 
strictly  a  missionary  publication,  whereas  previously  it  had  included 
denominational  and  interdenominational  news  of  varied  character, 
and  represented  the  Baptist  interests  generally.  It  was  published  by 
the  General  Convention  from  1836  to  1845.  When  the  American  Bap- 
tist Missionary  Union  was  organized,  in  1846,  the  magazine  was  con- 
tinued by  the  new  Society's  Executive  Committee;  and  from  1870  to 
1909  it  was  published  by  the  Missionary  Union.  In  January,  1910,  it 
became  merged  in  Missions,  the  joint  missionary  magazine  estab- 
lished by  the  Foreign,  Home,  and  Publication  Societies.  Later  the 
Woman's  American  Baptist  Home  Mission  Society  came  into  the 
combination  with  Tidings;  and  the  Woman's  American  Baptist 
Foreign  Mission  Society,  upon  its  organization  in  1914,  also  entered 
into  the  union,  bringing  Helping  Hand  with  it;  so  that  Missions 
is  now  the  one  official  organ  of  all  our  Baptist  missionary  societies. 

285 


The  Judson  Centennial 


As  the  oldest  Baptist  periodical  in  America,  the  Baptist  Missionary 
Magazine  rendered  a  varied  and  great  service  under  its  different 
titles.  It  was  in  turn  the  organ  of  the  Massachusetts  Society,  the 
Triennial  Convention,  and  the  Missionary  Union.  It  represented 
State  interests,  home  and  foreign  mission  work,  and  later  foreign 
mission  work  exclusively,  when  the  Home  Mission  Society  came  to 
have  its  own  official  magazine.  As  a  magazine  conspicuously  devoted 
to  missions,  its  continuity  was  unbroken  for  more  than  a  century. 
Thomas  Baldwin  was  its  editor  from  the  first  number  until  his  death, 
in  1825,  and  his  abilities  in  this  position  were  not  less  marked  than 
in  the  pastorate  and  in  his  executive  work  in  connection  with  the 
Baptist  Missionary  Society  of  Massachusetts,  of  which  he  was  one 
of  the  founders,  the  General  Convention,  which  owed  its  existence 
more  to  him  than  to  any  other  one  man,  and  other  organizations. 
Another  editor  whose  fame  has  become  world-wide  was  Dr.  S.  F. 
Smith.  When  Dr.  F.  P.  Haggard  became  a  Secretary  of  the  Foreign 
Mission  Society,  the  magazine  was  placed  in  his  charge,  and  as  editor 
he  modernized  it  and  brought  it  into  the  front  rank  of  ably  edited, 
finely  printed,  and  fully  illustrated  periodicals,  proving  that  "  mis- 
sions made  interesting"  was  an  ideal  capable  of  realization.  In  the 
present  magazine  the  Baptist  denomination  has  a  pubHcation  which 
is  recognized  as  foremost  among  its  class.  Its  editor  from  the 
beginning  has  been  Dr.  Howard  B.  Grose. 


286 


>\  KK    r.\(,K    (II-     TIIK    l-IKST    Nl'MUKK    i)K     "Till       \1    ' 
MISSIONARY    MAGAZINE  " 


1^   i;\ni>"i 


N  OKT  H  ETjN     'BAPTIST     CONVENTION 

Y^^AILY  CHRONICLE 


VoLXn^E   I 


BOSTON,     JUNE      17,     1914 


Number  I 


Y*^  Daily  Chronicle 

Will  be  published  every  after- 
noon during  y«  Convention, 
beginning  Wednesday,  June  17, 
with  ye  exception  of  Sunday, 
June  21,  and  Thursday,  June  25. 

FRED   P.   HAGGARD,         Editor 

Items  for  publication  should  be  handed 
in  not  later  than  ye  close  of  ye  evening 
session  preceding  ye  day  of  publication. 
Copy  for  these  items  may  be  left  with  ye 
editor  at  ye  Registration  Bureau,  Park 
Street  Church,  or  at  ye  Chronicle  desk, 
near  ye  platform  in   Tremont   Temple. 


1  This  first  number  of  Ye  Daily 
Chronicle  contains  items  of  special 
importance.  Preserve  your  copy  for 
reference. 

^  Convention  badges  are  not  trans- 
ferable under  any  circumstances.  All 
who  attend  the  Convention  will 
scrupulously  observe  this  obviously 
necessary  rule. 

^The  first  morning  session  of  the 
Convention  opens  Wednesday,  June 
17,  at  10  A.M.  All  subsequent  morn- 
ing sessions  at  9  a.m.  All  afternoon 
sessions  open  at  2.  All  evening 
sessions  open  at  8.  Sunday  services 
at  9.15  (Convention  Prayer  Meeting 
in  Ford  Hal!),  10.30  a.m.,  3.30  and 
7.30  P.M.  These  sessions  will  com- 
mence strictly  on  time. 

^  A  note  book  and  pencil  for  use  dur- 
ing the  Convention  will  be  given  to 
any  delegate  calling  at  the  exhibit  of 
the  American  Baptist  Publication 
Society,  in  Lorimer  Hall,  basement  of 
the  Temple.  Mr.  H.  V.  Meyer,  the 
genial  manager  of  the  Boston  Branch 
oi.  the  Society,  is  in  charge. 

^  The  number  of  seats  assigned  to 
each  State  delegation  is  based  upon 
the  most  careful  estimate  possible 
after  a  study  of  the  attendance 
tables  compiled  for  the  previous  six 
conventions.  It  will  be  remarkable 
if  some  miscalculations  were  not 
made.  If  the  seats  assigned  to  your 
delegation  are  inadequate,  report  the 
fact  to  Harry  P.  Bosson,  Chairman 
Utilities  Committee. 


%  This  is  a  great  Convention  and  its 
fundamental  work  is  in  its  business 
sessions.  The  representatives  of  a 
million  and  a  quarter  Baptists  from 
Maine  to  California  gather  to  manage 
their  affairs  in  the  most  democratic 
manner  known  to  large  religious 
bodies.  By  their  votes  they  dispose 
of  over  two  million  dollars  annual 
income,  manage  property  worth 
millions  of  dollars  situated  on  every 
continent  except  South  America,  and 
make  decisions  which  deeply  affect 
the  future  welfare  and  salvation  of 
peoples  and  empires.  Such  vast 
affairs  demand  the  prayerful,  in- 
telligent, and  sustained  interest  of 
every  delegate.  Nothing  can  be 
more  inspirational  than  this  business, 
when  rightly  considered. 

If  The  conduct  of  a  Convention  is  not 
an  easy  task.  Those  in  charge  of  this 
one  tried  to  foresee  every  problem  and 
difficulty  and  provide  for  them.  It 
may  be  found  that  they  have  not 
fully  succeeded.  Forgive  them  and 
help  to  overcome  the  effects  of  their 
oversight.    Keep  smiling. 


1  The  Side  Trips  Committee  have 
published  an  attracuve  folder  which 
tells  the  whole  story.  There  is  no 
need  to  repeat  it  here.  Just  remember 
this:  You  are  supposed  to  have  come 
to  Boston  to  attend  the  Convention 
and  make  a  report  thereon  when  you 
return  to  your  church.  Let  these 
trips  be  side  trips  taken  between  times 
or  on  the  days  indicated  by  the  com- 
mittee. They  ought  not  to  be  allowed 
to  interfere  with  your  duties  as  a 
delegate.  

ADMISSION  TO  THE 
CONVENTION 

Admission  to  the  Convention  will  be 
by  badge. 

Blue  Badges  (Delegates)  may  enter 
at  all  times  and  everywhere. 

White  Badges  (Registered  Visitors) 
may  enter  the  second  gallery  at  any 
time,  and  the  floor  and  first  gallery 
afternoons  (except  June  17)  and 
evenings  after  ten  minutes  before 
the  hour  of  opening  the  session. 
Admission  Sunday  morning  as  at 
afternoon  and  evening  sessions. 

Buff  Badges  (Life  Members,  Mis- 
sionaries, etc.)  treated  as  White 
Badges,  except  that  they  may  also 
enter  the  first  gallery  and  the  floor 
at  any  time  during  the  sessions  of 
the  Sociefy  they  represent. 

Red  Badges  (Local  Committees)  like 
White  Badges,  except  that  they  may 
enter  the  first  gallery  and  the  floor 
when  on  the  business  of  their  com- 
mitUes,  but  cannot  have  a  seat  there 
during  the  time  seats  are  reserved 
for  delegates. 

White  Cards  (Speakers,  Reporters, 
Special  Guests,  etc.)  will  admit  as 
designated  on  the  card. 

The  Unbadged  Public  will  be  ad- 
mitted everyivhere  after  ten  mln- 


\  A  duplicate  list  of  all  those  regis- 
tered at  the  Convention  is_  on  file  at 
the  Information  Bureau,  main  corridor, 
first  floor  of  Tremont  Temple. 

II  The  first  presentation  of  the  great 
missionary  drama,  "An  Adventure  of 
Faith,"  was  given  Tuesday  evenmp, 
June  16.  See  another  column  regard- 
ing   other    datc3    and    detail*. 


BK.NJAMIN   rRANKLIN'S    BIRTHPLAC* 


REDUCED  PAGE  OF  THE  CONVENTION    PAPER 


VI 
THE  JUDSON  CENTENNIAL  IN  BURMA 

By  Rev.  John  E.  Cummings,  D.  D. 


VI 

THE  JUDSON  CENTENNIAL  IN  BURMA 


PREPARATIONS   in   advance  extended  over  a  period  of  five 
years,  and  resulted  in  a  thank-offering  of  Rs.  66,000  ($22,000) 
for  advance  work  from  the  native  Christians  and  missionaries 
in  Burma. 

The  main  celebrations  were  at  Rangoon,  Moulmein,  Mandalay,  and 
Bassein,  beginning  at  Rangoon,  December  10,  1913,  and  terminating 
at  Bassein,  January  4,  1914.  The  meetings  at  Rangoon  were  held  in 
Gushing  Hall,  the  large  auditorium  of  the  Baptist  College,  named 
for  Doctor  Gushing,  to  whom  more  than  to  any  other  man  this  college 
owes  its  existence.  Ideal  weather  comes  in  December,  every  day 
fair  and  not  too  warm.  Crowds  in  holiday  costume  thronged  the 
building,  peering  in  also  at  the  balcony  windows,  chatting  in  groups 
on  the  lawn.  On  the  morning  of  the  first  session,  the  Judson  party 
just  arrived  from  America  via  the  Pacific,  marched  down  the  aisle 
as  the  first  hymn  was  sung.  Rev.  D.  A.  W.  Smith,  D.  D.,  Nestor  of 
the  Burma  Mission,  son  of  Rev.  S.  F.  Smith,  D.  D.,  author  of 
"  America,"  presided  and  introduced  "  five  little  girls,"  now  Mrs.  D. 
A.  W.  Smith,  Mrs.  Rose,  Mrs.  Vinton,  Miss  Susie  Haswell,  and 
Miss  Stilson,  who  were  contemporaries  of  Judson  and  gave  their 
personal  reminiscences.  Home  and  foreign  mission  interests  mingled. 
The  first  century  of  foreign  work  united  them  at  the  ends  of  the 
earth.  When  Judson  lay  a  prisoner  for  twenty-one  months  at  the 
mercy  of  a  tyrannical  Burman  king  there  was  no  communication  with 
America.  Until  after  his  release  from  prison,  no  one  in  America 
knew  whether  he  were  living  or  dead,  or  how  he  fared.  To-day, 
his  son,  Dr.  Edward  Judson,  from  a  down-town  mission  in  New  York, 
cables:  "Centennial  greetings.  Rev.  11  :  15:  'The  kingdoms  of  this 
world  have  become  the  kingdom  of  our  Lord  and  of  his  Christ,  and 
he  shall  reign  forever  and  ever,' "  and  receives  his  answer  before 
the  sun  goes  down.  President  Wilson  sent  this  telegram  from  Wash- 
ington :  "  On  the  occasion  of  the  centenary  of  the  establishment  of 
Baptist  Missions  in  Burma,  I  offer  to  the  Convention  my  congratula- 
tions on  the  good  work  which  the  missions  of  this  important  religious 
denomination  has  done  in  that  quarter  of  the  world  during  the  past 
one  hundred  years.     It  has  my  sincere  wishes  that  still  further  suc- 

T  291 


The  Judson  Centennial 


cess  may  attend  their  future  Christian  endeavors.  Woodrow 
Wilson." 

Less  than  a  century  ago,  a  hostile  Burman  king  held  Judson's  life 
in  his  hands,  and  the  terror-stricken  group  of  disciples  was  scattered. 
To-day,  a  Christian  gentleman.  Sir  Harvey  Adamson,  rules  Burma, 
presides  at  one  of  the  sessions  and  extols  Judson.  Three  thousand 
native  Christians,  representing  66,000  living  converts,  press  to  hear 
him.  There  is  peace  throughout  the  land,  personal  liberty,  freedom 
of  conscience,  and  an  open  door.  What  a  triumph  for  Judson's  ad- 
venture of  faith !  The  note  of  triumph  is  borne  aloft  in  every  Chris- 
tian hymn.  How  the  Karens  do  sing!  What  joyousness,  melody, 
rhythm,  and  power !  It  is  worth  the  trip  from  America  to  look  into 
the  faces  of  these  great  audiences  and  to  hear  them  sing.  Friendly 
greetings  are  brought  by  delegates  from  many  lands.  Doctor  Mac- 
Arthur  represents  the  World's  Baptist  Alliance;  Doctor  Mabie,  the 
American  Baptist  Foreign  Mission  Society;  Dr.  R.  A.  Hume,  of  Ah- 
mednagar,  the  American  Board;  Bishop  Robinson,  of  Bombay,  the 
American  Methodists ;  the  Bishop  of  Rangoon,  the  Church  of  England ; 
Doctor  Dunlap,  of  Siam,  the  American  Presbyterians;  Herbert  An- 
derson and  William  Carey,  the  English  Baptists.  Many  other  societies 
and  missionary  bodies  are  also  represented.  The  Young  Men's  Chris- 
tian Association,  Young  Women's  Christian  Association,  the  British 
and  Foreign  Bible  Society,  the  Canadian  Baptists.  There  is  not  time 
to  hear  from  all  the  delegates  and  visitors,  of  whom  there  are  eighty- 
four  present,  thirty-six  from  America.  One  triumphant  note  of 
praise  rings  out  in  all  the  speeches,  and  most  speakers  are  able  in 
some  way  to  relate  themselves  to  Judson  and  the  Baptists. 

The  Director  of  Public  Instruction  praises  the  educational  work  of 
the  denomination.  One  evening  is  given  to  a  concert.  The  schools, 
college,  and  seminaries  are  visited.  The  Mission  Press,  one  of  the 
best  east  of  Suez,  employing  one  hundred  and  fifty  persons,  printing 
the  Bible  and  Christian  literature  in  seven  different  languages,  and 
the  central  publishing  home  for  school-books,  is  visited.  The  Vinton 
Memorial  Chapel,  the  consecrated  gift  of  loyal  Christian  Karens, 
stands  a  lasting  monument  to  the  firm  hold  that  Christianity  has 
taken  upon  that  race.  The  needs  of  work  for  the  still  unwon  and 
dominant  Burman  race  are  pleaded  for  by  Rev.  W.  H.  S.  Hascall, 
Miss  Fredrickson,  and  Mr.  Phinney.  The  daily  Rangoon  press 
is  printing  full  reports,  appreciative  and  sympathetic,  a  page  and 
more  a  day.  One  of  the  reporters  said,  "  These  are  the  greatest 
meetings  I  ever  attended  in  my  life."     Many  others  felt  the  same. 


292 


VINTON     MEMORIAL    AT    RANGOON 


i:A>.sKl.N     .s(,\\V     KAREN     AS.S(U  I ATION 


The  Judson  Centennial 


The  meeting  at  which  the  heutenant-governor  presided  was  of  thrill- 
ing power. 

So  high  a  note  had  been  struck  at  Rangoon,  could  the  pitch  be 
maintained  in  subsequent  meetings?  One  felt  that  the  missionaries 
could  be  trusted  to  see  to  that.  The  Committee  of  Fifteen,  who  had 
general  charge  of  the  celebrations,  felt  the  same,  and  after  fixing  the 
dates,  arranging  for  the  tours  and  for  transportation,  left  all  local 
arrangements  and  programs  wholly  to  the  local  committees.  This 
plan  brought  out  the  wonderful  initiative  of  the  missionaries,  allowed 
the  fullest  presentation  of  the  different  work,  furnished  constant 
variety,  and  made  the  visit  to  every  station  a  new  and  interesting 
experience. 

The  special  train  provided  by  the  Burma  railways  presented  com- 
forts that  no  other  touring  party  in  Burma  ever  had,  and  won  the 
appreciative  thanks  of  the  Judson  party,  some  of  whom  traveled 
seventeen  days  in  the  same  compartment.  They  said,  "  You  know  we 
could  not  manage  like  this  in  America."  It  had  never  been  done 
before  in  Burma,  and  was  only  then  managed  by  the  favor  of  the 
Burma  railways. 

Tender  memories  cluster  around  Moulmein  the  beautiful.  There 
Judson  found  peace  after  the  terrible  experience  of  imprisonment  at 
Ava.  There  the  Burman  Bible  was  printed  and  the  great  con- 
structive work  of  Judson  was  done.  There  is  the  church  which  he 
founded,  the  pulpit  from  which  he  preached,  the  chair  in  which  he 
sat,  the  beautiful  landscape  familiar  to  his  eyes,  the  hill  of  his  morn- 
ing walks,  the  trees  his  hand  planted  by  the  doorway,  the  site  of 
his  old  baptistery,  some  of  the  converts  whom  he  baptized  still 
living. 

On  Sunday,  from  Judson's  old  pulpit,  Carey,  grandson  of  the  great 
Carey,  did  more  than  any  one  else  to  interpret  the  deep  meaning  of 
the  life  and  work  of  Judson.  He  preached  from  the  text  Ezekiel 
47  :  1-5,  a  historical  sermon,  tracing  the  growth  of  the  Burman 
Mission  from  the  day  that  Judson  first  established  at  Rangoon  a 
Christian  home  and  set  up  an  altar  to  the  living  God.  At  the 
general  public  meeting,  Mr.  Gaitskell,  Commissioner  of  the  Tennas- 
serim  Division,  presided.  Reminiscences  were  presented  by  Dr. 
Shaw  Loo,  and  some  of  the  Christians  baptized  by  Doctor  Judson 
were  introduced.  A  reception  with  collation  and  bright  souvenirs 
evinced  the  wonderful  social  gifts  of  the  Moulmein  Burman  Church. 

By  far  the  holiest  experience  of  the  entire  tour  of  Burma  was  the 
pilgrimage  by  steamer  from  Moulmein  to  the  grave  of  Ann  Hasseltine 

293 


The  Judson  Centennial 


Judson  at  Amherst,  that  shrine  to  which  the  heart  turns  ever  again. 
There  alone,  while  her  husband  was  at  Ava,  her  life  burned  out  with 
fever.  In  her  delirium  she  said,  "  The  teacher  is  so  long  coming." 
The  heart-breaking  loneliness  of  it  all,  in  the  midst  of  the  rainy 
season,  no  white  woman  near !  And  now  at  the  close  of  the  century 
a  pilgrim  band  of  five  hundred  devout  souls  from  the  ends  of  the 
earth,  holding  her  memory  dear,  are  gathering  again  at  her  grave. 
After  services  in  a  Buddhist  zayat  terminating  in  Carey's  eloquent 
words,  "  The  angel  of  Moulmein  dropped  her  weary  wings  on  the 
lonely  isle  of  St.  Helena,  but  the  angel  of  Aungbinle  and  Ava  folded 
her  weary  wings  to  rest  near  the  sacred  spot  where  we  now  stand," 
each  pilgrim  taking  a  rose,  the  national  flower  of  Burma,  filed  silently 
across  the  greensward,  and  reverently  cast  it  upon  her  grave.  Some 
one  raised  a  hymn,  but  it  faltered  as  the  tears  fell.  The  voice  of 
prayer  was  choked.  Tears  were  upon  every  cheek.  Emotion  too 
deep  for  words  stirred  the  heart,  and  the  deep  rhythm  of  the  sea, 
sweeping  from  Judson's  watery  grave  and  breaking  in  spray  on  the 
shore,  sounds  a  perpetual  requiem  for  the  dead.  With  voices  hushed 
and  feelings  too  deep  for  words,  the  procession  moves  back  to  the 
steamer.  Only  in  the  triumphant  hymns  of  the  church  sung  through 
sunset  glow  and  under  the  silent  stars  was  expression  found  for 
the  deepest  religious  emotion  given  to  man  to  know.  "  Except  a 
com  of  wheat  fall  into  the  ground  and  die,  it  abideth  alone;  but  if  it 
die,  it  bringeth  forth  much  fruit." 

At  Pegu,  before  the  largest  reclining  image  of  Gaudama  in  the 
world,  at  a  recently  erected  Buddhist  shrine,  evidence  was  seen  of 
recrudescent  Buddhism,  and  the  power  yet  to  be  overcome  before 
Burma  shall  be  won  for  Christ.  A  union  service  of  the  American 
Methodist  and  Baptist  missions,  addressed  by  Bishop  Robinson  and 
Doctor  Mabie,  was  held  in  the  open  air  on  the  mission  compound 
under  trees  planted  by  Miss  Payne  and  Miss  Bunn,  both  of  whom 
have  passed  to  the  better  land. 

At  Toungoo  two  delightful  days  were  spent  among  the  Karens. 
Mr.  and  Mrs.  Heptonstall  camped  in  their  jungle  tent  and  gave  up 
their  spacious  mission-house  to  their  guests.  Others  found  lodgment 
in  the  empty  Burman  mission-house.  Alas,  that  in  this  centennial 
year  that  should  mark  a  distinct  step  forward,  so  many  Burman  mis- 
sion-houses are  empty  and  the  work  only  marking  time !  A  new 
feature  at  Toungoo  was  a  sixty-mile  trip  by  motor-car  into  the 
Karen  Hills  to  visit  a  station  opened  by  the  Methodists  at  Thandaung, 
where  a  splendid  lunch  was  served. 


294 


The  Judson  Centennial 


A  special  feature  of  the  last  night  at  Toungoo  was  the  moonHght 
meeting  on  the  lawn,  the  band  playing;  and  in  the  speechmaking  for 
general  edification,  the  testimony  of  Doctor  Dunlap,  of  Siam,  to  the 
religious  nature  of  the  Karens,  who,  in  their  journeys  to  Siam  to  buy 
elephants,  are  accustomed  to  take  a  preacher  with  them  and  to  hold 
services  at  night  around  their  camp-fires. 

After  another  night  in  the  train,  Mandalay  was  reached,  the  last 
capital  of  the  last  Burman  king.  Ava,  Aungbinle,  and  beautiful 
Sagaing  are  near.  A  day  was  spent  in  sightseeing,  visiting  the 
palace,  Arracan  Pagoda,  Mandalay  Hill,  and  the  Kuthodaw,  where 
the  Buddhist  Scriptures  engraved  on  a  thousand  stones  are  enshrined 
in  as  many  pagodas.  Surely  the  power  of  Buddhism  is  not  broken. 
The  task  is  long.  The  church  must  gird  herself  afresh  for  the 
work  of  the  second  century  of  missions. 

Services  were  held  in  the  Judson  Memorial  Church  at  Mandalay,  in 
the  chapel  at  Aungbinle  erected  on  the  very  site  of  the  prison  where 
Judson  suffered,  and  at  Ava  on  the  site  of  the  old  Death  Prison,  now 
consecrated  ground  owned  by  the  mission.  There  Doctor  Sanders, 
of  New  York,  made  an  eloquent  address  on  "  Sacrifice  the  Law  of 
Kingdom,"  and  asked  the  privilege  of  himself  contributing  the  sum 
necessary  to  place  there  a  lasting  and  worthy  memorial  to  Judson. 
There  Mrs.  Goodchild,  standing  on  a  spot  once  hallowed  by  the 
presence  of  Ann  Hasseltine  Judson,  paid  a  touching  and  beautiful 
tribute  to  her  memory  and  the  heroic  work  she  accomplished.  Then 
on  foot  and  by  bullock-cart  the  pilgrims  marched  several  miles  along 
the  road  from  Ava  to  Aungbinle,  along  which  Judson  had  passed 
with  bleeding  feet,  on  his  way  to  the  country  prison.  Hot,  dusty, 
and  wearying  in  December,  what  must  it  have  been  for  Judson,  in 
May,  the  hottest  month  of  the  year,  bareheaded  and  barefooted ! 
Had  Judson  not  been  inwardly  sustained,  he  must  have  perished  by 
the  way  along  with  other  victims  of  that  horrible  march. 

After  the  meetings  at  Mandalay,  visitors  followed  their  own 
preference  for  the  rest  of  the  stay  in  Burma.  A  detachment  went  to 
Bhamo  to  visit  the  wonderful  Kachin  Mission  at  the  time  of  its 
annual  association ;  another  visited  the  hill  station  at  Maymyo  to 
see  the  Rest-house  for  missionaries,  erected  by  Mrs.  Shirk  as  a 
memorial  to  her  husband;  another  to  Meiktila  for  the  dedication  of  a 
new  school  building,  a  fourth  party  to  Rangoon  to  spend  Christmas, 
another  to  Tharrawaddy  for  Christmas,  and  some  down  the  Ira- 
wadi  direct  to  Henzada,  where  the  various  parties  converged  again 
to  visit  that  station  and  Bassein. 


295 


The  Judson  Centennial 


At  Henzada  the  Deputy  Commissioner  presided  at  a  general  public 
meeting  and  the  Karens  held  their  deferred  Christmas  exercises  and 
gave  an  admirable  concert. 

Bassein  was  purposely  placed  last  in  the  tours  because  at  Bassein, 
in  the  Sgaw  Karen  Mission,  is  found  more  nearly  the  completed 
product  of  missionary  activity,  self-support,  and  self-propagation, 
along  evangelistic,  educational,  and  industrial  lines  than  in  any  other 
American  Baptist  foreign  mission.  Doctor  Nichols  is  the  efficient 
head  of  this  great  work,  comprising  in  one  association  140  churches, 
14,000  church-members,  a  central  boarding-school  of  800  pupils  sup- 
ported in  part  by  the  investment  of  the  endowment  in  a  saw-mill, 
a  rice-mill,  and  a  plant  for  building  steam-launches.  There  are  also 
157  village  schools  with  4,000  pupils.  Besides  this  work  is  the  great 
work  of  Doctor  Cronkhite  among  the  Pwo  Karens,  and  the  largest 
Burman  school  in  our  mission  in  charge  of  Mr.  Soper.  The  com- 
bined missions  presented  the  finest  concert  of  the  entire  tours.  The 
saw-mill,  the  rice-mill,  and  some  jungle  villages  were  visited.  The 
hope  and  prophecy  of  what  Burma  may  become,  when  Christianity 
has  penetrated  the  Burman  race  as  it  has  the  Karen  race,  is  found  at 
Bassein. 

The  Judson  Centennial  celebrations  in  Burma  terminate  in  that 
vision  and  in  the  prayer  that  men  may  speedily  be  sent  from  America 
to  occupy  the  vacant  stations  and  to  carry  to  completion  the  task 
for  which  Judson  gave  his  life. 


296 


5  IXS-K^  = 


2."  ="  "  S  2 


Bi  o'o  5  5. 

3  3         3    =   - 

™  I  rr    —X 

"  t^     i_iC  :r 
o  &      ^=  S- 

re  w  ■/>  o  —  - 

"  S  1  s  =-•  j 

n  3  s?;^.  3  f 

5  2-  ?oi:r^ 


■Srw 


n 


5  re 


01  *■  -   Wg  s" 


wis! 


2  w^ 

3'2 


Eh        ^ 


E.-ro   a;; 


n  -^ 

^9 

£ 

3  O 

• 

4- 

re  ;:r 

I 

32 

T-> 

^ 

^•' 

'^ 

tA-H 

"<  ^ 

> 

f»  • 

o 

t: 

S.^ti 

i: 

."h 

3=: 

•^ 

?i 

—  «" 

1  •< 

VII 


OFFICERS  OF  THE  FOREIGN  MISSION 

SOCIETY  AND  SOME  SIGNIFICANT 

STATISTICS 


VII 

OFFICERS  OF  THE  FOREIGN  MISSION 

SOCIETY  AND  SOME  SIGNIFICANT 

STATISTICS 

I 

SOME  SIGNIFICANT  STATISTICS 

AMONG  the  many  pamphlets  issued  during  the  centennial  year, 
one  of  the  most  remarkable  is  the  "  Centennial  Survey,"  pre- 
pared by  Rev.  John  Howard  Deming,  formerly  a  missionary  of 
the  Society  in  Shanghai,  China.  The  booklet  is  a  carefully  compiled 
set  of  statistics  in  the  form  of  a  review  of  the  century  of  missionary 
activity,  and  by  the  aid  of  many  charts  shows  step  by  step  the  wonder- 
ful growth  of  the  work  begun  by  Judson  a  hundred  years  ago.  The 
charts  here  reproduced  are  selected  from  the  many  which  the  pam.phlet 
contains. 

The  development  as  shown  in  this  survey  is  one  of  which  we  as 
Baptists  have  a  right  to  be  proud.  Especially  is  this  true  in  regard  to 
evangelism.  In  the  non-Christian  world  to-day  we  stand  first  among 
all  the  missionary  organizations  in  the  number  of  churches  and 
members.  The  increase  has  been  marked  from  the  first  and  reminds 
one  of  the  spread  of  the  early  church  in  apostolic  days : 

TABLE    OF   RESULTS    IN    NON-CHRISTIAN    LANDS 

After  so  years  After  loo  years 

375  Churches.     Increase  fourfold.  i,S7S 

20,477  Church-members.     Increase  eightfold.  166,330 

$5,600  Native  contributions.     Increase  twenty-eightfold.  $160,253 

$109,519  Home  income.     Increase  tenfold.  $1,114,420.98 

Especially  noteworthy  have  been  the  results  in  Burma,  the  cradle 
of  Baptist  missions.  Here  Christian  schools  and  Christian  churches 
have  succeeded  the  old  monastery  schools  and  are  undermining  the 
power  of  Buddhism.  There  is  a  greater  percentage  of  self-supporting 
churches  in  Burma  than  in  the  State  of  Massachusetts.  In  education 
Burma  is  blessed  with  Rangoon  Baptist  College,  which  has  for  years 
been  training  leaders  in  every  branch  of  industrial,  political,  and 
religious  life. 

TABLE  OF   RESULTS   IN    BURMA 


After  40  years 

After 

100  years 

62 

Missionaries. 

191 

145 

Native  workers. 

2,483 

117 

Organized  churches. 

1,009 

Self-supporting  churches. 

768  (76%) 

8,736 

Church-members. 

65,912 

SS 

Schools  of  all  grades. 

743 

1,178 

Pupils. 

28,626 

Native  contributions. 

$: 

130.483 

299 


The  Judson  Centennial 


No  work  has  yielded  larger  returns  than  that  in  Europe.  The 
work  begun  in  Germany  in  1834  and  France  in  1832,  when  there  were 
no  Baptist  churches,  has  resulted  in  244  organized  churches  in  those 
countries  alone,  and  the  6,411  Baptist  church-members  in  Sweden 
in  1866  have  grown  to  54,268  at  the  present  time.  The  present  mem- 
bership of  139,270  in  Europe  represents  only  a  part  of  those  who  have 
become  Baptists.  Many  of  them  have  emigrated  to  America  and  are 
doing  good  work  in  churches  of  their  own  nationality  in  this  country. 


TABLE  OF  RESULTS  IN  EUROPE 


In  1864 

81 

12,933 

$22,865 

Churches 
Members 
Contribut 

Increase  fourteenfold. 
Increase  tenfold, 
ions.     Increase  thirty-fourfold. 

MOO 

In  1913 

1,182 

139,270 

$783,011 

_i6000 

Ml! 

5SI0 

NAR 

ESf 

\ND 

1 

iseoo 

NATIVE 

.  WC 

)RKE 

RS 

1 

5200 

1 
1 
1 

4800 

1 
1 

1 

4400 

1 

4000 

1 
1 

3600 

3200 

2600 

mo 

2000 

<iV 

1600 

^^ 

i' 

1200 

BOO 

/ 

■-f 

A>. 

_^ 

400 

.' 

,Mi^l2iif" 

.»— ■■ 

~ 

" 

. 

/S^  m4  1814  1844  1854  t864  1874  1884  1894  1904  1914 


300 


The  Judson  Centennial 


MISSIONARIES    AND    NATIVE    WORKERS 

One  hundred  years  ago  there  were  four  missionaries  on  our  fields. 
To-day  there  are  701,  but  this  growth  is  small  indeed  compared  with 
the  number  of  native  workers,  which  has  grown  in  the  same  time  to 
6,106. 

BAPTISMS 

The  work  of  our  missionaries  during  the  period  of  one  hundred 
years  has  resulted  in  308,605  baptisms  in  non-Christian  lands,  which, 
added  to  the  number  in  Europe,  make  a  total  of  585,351,  more  than 
half  a  million  in  a  century.  But  this  is  by  no  means  the  complete 
number,  for  in  many  of  the  old  reports  the  figures  are  but  partial. 


BA 

PTI5 

.MS 

IN 

/ 

NC 

N-C 

HRIS 

>TIA 

SI  LA 

NDS 

/ 

/ 

i 

\ 

/ 

/ 

/ 

/ 

/ 

, 

/ 

/ 

/ 

y 

y 

^ 

/* 

120.000 

loaooo 

Z80.000 

mooo 

Z4OD0O 

zzojooo 

ZOODQO 
I8QQ00 
I60J0OO 

mooQ 

I20JO0O 

looaoo 

QOfiOO 
60.000 

cmoo 

ZOfiOO 


1814   1824  I8i4  1844  1854  1864  1874  1884  1894  1904  1914 


THESE  CHARTS  SHOW  THE  TOTAL  NUMBER  OF 
BAPTISMS  IN  NON-CHRISTIAN  LANDS,  BY  TEN- 
YEAR   PERIODS. 


BAPTISMS 

TOTAL 
585351 


308605 

NON-OIRISriAN 
LANDS 


BAPTIST 


301 


The  Judson  Centennial 


BAPTISMS  AND  SELF-SUPPORTING   CHURCHES 

The  585,351  individuals  referred  to  in  the  preceding  chart  have 
been  organized  into  1,575  churches,  of  which  908,  or  fifty-seven  per 
cent,  are  to-day  self-supporting. 


ORGANIZED  AND 

SELF-SUPPORTING 

CHURCHES 


1675 

ORGANIZED 

CHURCHES 


,9oa 

Self-support- 
ing CHURCHES 


1814   18241834  1844  I85i  1864  1874  1884  1894  1904  19 14 

THIS  CHART  SHOWS  THE  INCREASE  IN  FIELD 
EXPENDITURE  AND  ALSO  THE  COST  OF  ADMINIS- 
TRATION  FROM   THE   BEGINNING   TO   THE   PRESENT. 


BAPTIST 

To  bring  about  this  result,  during  the  past  one  hundred  years  there 
have  been  received  by  the  Foreign  Mission  Society  thirty  million 
dollars,  the  expenditure  of  which  is  illustrated  by  the  accompanying 
chart.  The  enormous  increase  in  foreign  field  expenditures  and  the 
relatively  low  cost  of  administration  during  the  entire  century  are 
clearly  indicated. 


302 


The  Judson  Centennial 


II 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  AMERICAN   BAPTIST   FOREIGN 
MISSION   SOCIETY 


1814-1914 


PRESIDENTS 


Service  Service 

Began  Closed 

:8i4  Rev.  Richard  Furman,  D.  D. .  1820 
1820  Rev.  Robert  B.  Semple,  D.  D..  1831 
1832  Rev.  Spencer  H.  Cone,  D.  D. .    1841 

1841   Rev.   William  B.  Johnson 1844 

1844  Rev.   Francis  Wayland,   D.   D. .    1846 

1846  Rev.  Daniel  Sharp,  D.  D 1847 

1847  Hon.  George  N.  Briggs,  LL.  D.   1862 

1862  Hon.  Ira  Harris,  LL.  D 1867 

1867  Rev.  Alexis  Caswell,  D.  D 1869 

1869  Rev.   Martin  B.   Anderson, 

LL.    D 1872 

1872  Rev.  Henry  G.  Weston,  D.  D.    1874 

1874  Rev.  Barnas  Sears,  D.  D 1877 

1877  Rev.  E.  G.  Robinson,  D.  D 1880 

1880  Rev.  George  D.  Boardman, 

D.    D 1884 


Service  Service 

Began  Closed 

1884  Hon.  J.   Warren  Merrill 1885 

1885  Rev.  Edward  Judson,  D.  D 1887 

1887  Hon.  George  A.  Pillsbury 1889 

1889  Rev.  George  W.  Northrup, 

D.  D.,  LL.  D 1892 

1892  Rev.    A.    H.     Strong,    D.    D., 

LL.    D 189s 

1895  Rev.  Henry  F.  Colby,  D.  D...  1898 

1898  Hon.  R.  O.  Fuller 1901 

1901   Hon.  H.  K.  Porter 1904 

1904  William  A.  Munroe,  Esq 1905 

1906  W.  W.  Keen,  M.  D.,  LL.  D...  1907 

1907  S.  W.  Woodward 1910 

1910  E.  B.   Bryan,  LL.   D 191 1 

191 1  Rev.  Cornelius  Woelfkin,  D.  D.  1912 

1912  Rev.  Carter  Helm  Jones,  D.  D. 


RECORDING  SECRETARIES 


Service  Service 

Began  Closed 

1814  Rev.  Thomas  Baldwin,  D.   D...    1817 

1817  Rev.  Daniel  Sharp,  D.  D 1823 

1823  Enoch    Reynolds,    Esq 1826 

1826  Rev.  Howard  Malcolm,  D.   D. .    1841 

1841   Rev.  Rufus  Babcock,  D.   D 1844 

1844  Rev.    James   B.    Taylor 1846 

1846  Rev.  Rollin  H.  Neale 1847 

1847  Rev.  W.  H.  Shailer,  D.  D i860 


Service  Service 

Began  Closed 

i860  Rev.  O.  S.   Stearns,  D.  D 1865 

1865  Rev.  G.  W.  Bos  worth,  D.  D...    1876 
1876  Rev.  H.  S.  Burrage,  D.  D 1899 

1899  Rev.  E.  M.  Poteat,  D.  D 1900 

1900  Rev.  H.  S.  Burrage,  D.  D 1906 

1906  W.   D.   Chamberlin 1910 

1910  Rev.  C.  A.  Walker 191 1 

191 1  George  B.   Huntington 


CHAIRMEN  OF  THE  BOARD  OF  MANAGERS 

Service                                                     Service  Service                                                     Service 

Began                                                        Closed  Began                                                        Closed 

1814  Rev.  Thomas  Baldwin,  D.  D...    1825        1846  Hon.  James  M.   Linnard 1847 

1826  Rev.  William  Staughton,  D.  D.   1832  1847  Hon.     James     H.     Duncan, 

1832  Rev.   Jesse   Mercer 1841  LL.    D 1850 

1841   Rev.  Daniel  Sharp,  D.  D 1846        1850  Hon.  Ira  Harris,  LL.  D 1859 

1  The  function  of  the  Board  of  Managers  has  changed  from  time  to  time.  Since 
the  organization  of  the  Northern  Baptist  Convention  it  has  been  the  Executive  Board 
of  the  Society. 


The  Judson  Centennial 


CHAIRMEN  OF  THE  BOARD  OF  MANAGERS      (CONTINUED) 


Service  Service 

Began  Closed 

i8s9  Rev.  Barnas  Sears,  D.  D i860 

i860   Rev.   Silas  Bailey,   D.   D 1861 

1861   D.   M.   Wilson,   Esq 1864 

1864  Hon.   Isaac   Davis,   LL.   D 1865 

186s  Rev.   S.   Bailey,   D.   D 1866 

1866  William   Bucknell,   Esq 1867 

1867  Hon.     James     H.     Duncan, 

LL.    D 1868 

i868  Rev.   G.   S.   Webb,   D.   D 1870 

1870  Rev.   S.  L.  Caldwell,  D.  D 1876 

1876  Rev.  Edward  Bright,  D.   D 1881 

1881  Charles   L.    Colby,   Esq i88a 

1882  Rev.   S.  W.   Duncan,  D.   D 1884 


Service  Service 

Began  Closed 

1884  Rev.  Henry  M.  King,  D.  D. . .  1887 

1887  Rev.   Edward  Judson,  D.  D —  1892 

1892  Rev.  J.   C.  Hoblitt 1894 

1894  Hon.    James   L.    Howard 1897 

1897  Hon.    Robert   O.    Fuller 1898 

1898  Rev.  W.  N.   Clarke,  D.  D 1899 

1899  Rev.  P.   S.  Henson,  D.  D 1900 

1900  Prof.   William  Arnold   Stevens.  1908 

1908  Rev.  L.  A.   Crandall,  D.   D 1911 

1911   George  E.   Briggs 1913 

1913  George   C.   Whitney 1913 

1913  Ernest   D.   Burton 1914 

1 9 1 4  Henry    Bond 


RECORDING   SECRETARIES    OF   THE   BOARD    OF    MANAGERS 


Service 
Began 
1814  Rev. 
1817  Rev. 
1823  Rev. 
1826  Rev. 
1829  Rev. 
1839  Rev. 

1846  Rev. 

1847  Rev. 
1853  Rev. 

1856  Rev. 

1857  Rev. 

1858  Rev. 
i860  Rev. 
1862  Rev. 


Service 
Closed 

William   White 1817 

Horatio    G.    Jones,    D.    D.  1823 

Irah   Chase,   D.   D 1826 

Francis  Wayland,  Jr 1829 

James   D.   Knowles 1838 

Baron   Stow,    D.    D 1846 

Pharcellus  Church 1847 

M.  J.   Rhees 1853 

Sewall   S.   Cutting 1856 

Henry   Day 1857 

T.  D.  Anderson 1858 

W.  T.   Brantly,   D.  D i860 

W.   C.   Richards 1862 

A.  P.  Mason,  D.  D 1863 


Service  Service 

Began  Closed 

1863  Rev.    S.   D.   Phelps,   D.   D 1865 

1865  Rev.   G.  J.  Johnson 1869 

1869  Rev.  W.  H.   Shailer,  D.  D....    1870 

1870  Rev.   G.  J.  Johnson 1871 

1871  Rev.  C.  B.  Crane,  D.  D 1875 

1875  Rev.  W.  H.  Eaton,  D.  D 1876 

1876  Mr.  J.   B.  Thresher 1877 

1877  Rev.   W.  H.  Eaton,   D.  D 1881 

1881   Rev.  R.  G.  Seymour,  D.  D 1884 

1884  Rev.  M.  H.  Bixby,  D.  D 1901 

1901   Rev.  E.  P.  Tuller 1906 

1906  Rev.  Albert  G.  Lawson,  D.  D.   191 1 
igii   George   B.    Huntington 


CORRESPONDING    SECRETARIES    OF   THE    SOCIETY 


Service                                                     Service  Service 

Began                                                         Closed  Began 

1814  Rev.  William  Staughton,  D.  D.   1826  1884  Rev. 

1826  Rev.   Lucius  Bolles,   D.   D 1843  1887  Rev. 

1838  Rev.   Solomon  Peck,  D.  D.....    1856  1890  Rev. 

1841   Rev.  R.  E.  Pattison,  D.  D 1845  1892  Rev. 

1846  Rev.  Edward  Bright,   D.   D 1855  1892  Rev. 

i8ss  Rev.   W.   H.   Shailer,  D.   D 1856  1899  Rev. 

1856  Rev.  Jonah  G.  Warren,  D.  D. .    1873  1905  Rev. 

1866  Rev.  J.  N.  Murdock,  D.  D 1893  1912  Rev. 

1873  Rev.   George  W.  Gardiner 1876  1914  Rev. 


Service 
Closed 

A.  G.  Lawson,  D.  D 1886 

William  Ashmore,  D.  D.  1890 
Henry  C.  Mabie,  D.  D...  1908 
Samuel  W.  Duncan,  D.  D.   1898 

E.  F.  Merriam,  D.  D 1893 

Thomas  S.  Barbour,  D.  D.   1912 
Fred  P.  Haggard,  D.  D. .  . 
James  H.  Franklin,  D.   D. 
Arthur   C.   Baldwin 


ASSISTANT    CORRESPONDING    SECRETARIES 

Service  Service  Service                                                     Service 

Began  Closed  Began                                                        Closed 

1824  Rev.   Lucius  Bolles,   D.   D 1826  1903  Rev.  E.  H.   Dutton 1905 

1836  Rev.    Solomon  Peck,    D.    D 1838  1909  Rev.  James  M.   Stifler 1909 

1838  Rev.  Howard  Malcolm.  D.  D. .    1840  1910  George    B.    Huntington 

1863  Rev.  J.  N.  Murdock,  D.   D 1866  1911   Rev.  Stacy  R.  Warburton 1914 

1901  Rev.  Fred  P.  Haggard,  D.  D..    1903  1914  William   B.   Lipphard 


The  Judson  Centennial 


EDITORIAL    SECRETARIES 


Service  Service 
Began  Closed 
1893  Rev.  E.  F.   Merriam,   D.   D 1901 


Service  Service 

Began  Closed 

1903  Rev.  Fred  P.  Haggard,  D.  D. .    1905 


TREASURERS 


Service  Service 
Began  Closed 
1814  John    Cauldwell 1823 

1823  Thomas  Stokes 1824 

1824  Hon.  Heman  Lincoln 1846 

1847  Richard   E.    Eddy 1855 

1855  Hon.  Nehemiah  Boyntoii 1864 


Service 

Began 

1864  Freeman 

1883  Elisha    P 

1903  Chas.    W. 


Service 
Closed 

A.    Smith 1882 

Coleman 1903 

Perkins 191 2 


1912  Ernest   S.    Butler. 


305 


Princeton  Theoloqical ,  Seminarv  L}brar|« 


1    1012  01235   1195 


